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Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine. 1995. Dental Education at the Crossroads: Challenges and Change. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4925.
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Index

A

Academic health centers, 4, 33

  challenges for, 200-202, 284

  collaborative research in, 7, 15

  in competitive markets, 105

  consolidation of programs in, 216

  contribution of dental schools to, 4, 30, 287

  dental research in, 158

  dental school clinics in, 196

  historical development, 31-32

  mission of, 31-32

  patient care in, 8, 174-175

  strategic planning in, 16, 192, 226

  See also Patient care in dental schools;

  University-affiliated dental schools

Academy of General Dentistry, 121

Access to care

  average wait time, 262

  care-seeking behaviors, 67

  dental insurance and, 25-26, 56

  in dental school clinics, 197-198

  geographic distribution of dentists and, 10, 276

  licensure requirements and, 247

  National Health Service Corps and, 56-57

  opportunities for improvement, 73-76

  supply of practitioners and, 56, 139

  underserved populations, 11-12, 75, 189, 190

Accreditation

  ambulatory care programs, 16, 186, 196, 197

  categories of, 233

  concerns about, 9, 229, 234-237

  confidentiality in, 233, 236, 251

  in continuing education, 120-122

  cost of, 233, 235

  current status of schools, 233, 235

  curriculum guidelines and, 93-94

  of dental hygiene programs, 237

Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine. 1995. Dental Education at the Crossroads: Challenges and Change. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4925.
×

  in evolution of dentistry, 42, 43, 49-50

  medical vs. dental, 231-232

  opportunities for improvement, 4, 291-292

  organizational structure for, 230-231

  patient care in schools and, 186, 195-196, 197

  postgraduate training, 112

  process; 231-233

  professional interests in, 236-237

  program innovation and, 236

  recommendations for, 16, 17-18, 250-252

  research standards, 145

  role of, 228, 229

  student performance trends and, 234-235

  survey team, 233

Active learning techniques, 12

  problem-based learning, 98-100

Advanced dental education

  access to, 114, 115, 116

  accreditation, 231

  costs, 118

  current status, 91, 115

  dental-medical integration, 107

  in dental specialties, 116-118

  educational debt and, 137-138

  for faculty, 100-101

  in general dentistry, 112-116

  licensure, 250

  options, 111-112

  patient care activities, 176

  recommendations, 4, 14, 142-143, 289

  in research, 117

African Americans

  children, oral health of, 64-65

  in dental work force, 260, 277, 278

  enrollment trends, 132, 260, 277

  oral cancer rate, 65

Aging of population, 4, 25

  oral health complications, 64

  oral health trends, 62, 63-64

  service needs in, 74-75

  socioeconomic factors, 65

AIDS, 64, 175

Allied dental personnel

  accreditation, 231-232, 237

  dental team productivity, 272-273, 293

  in dentist training, 13

  expanded role for, 111

  practice regulation and, 4, 18, 253

  professional development, 274

  supply, 256-257, 263

  training of, 19

  See also Hygienists

Alternative models of practice, 4, 30-31

Ambulatory care, accreditation for, 16, 186, 196, 197

American Association of Dental Examiners, 18, 121, 252

American Association of Dental Research, 157

American Association of Dental Schools, 16, 18, 43, 47, 48, 49-50, 89, 93-94, 112, 197, 252

  on accreditation, 234

American Dental Association, 49, 51, 52, 53, 54, 73, 91, 230

  on continuing education, 121

  origins of, 41

American Dental Hygienists' Association, 43, 263

Asian Americans, 277

B

Basic science

  clinical practice and, 7, 12, 289

  clinical science integration, 94-100, 216

  current curriculum, 92-93

  dental-medical integration, 13, 97, 108, 142, 166, 216

  in dental research, 14, 79

  recommendations, 12, 14, 141

Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine. 1995. Dental Education at the Crossroads: Challenges and Change. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4925.
×

Behavioral sciences, 92-93, 147

Biomaterials development, 70

Bureau of Health Professionals, 261, 263

C

CAD/CAM technology, 71

Cancer, oral-pharyngeal, 64, 65

Care-seeking behaviors, 67

Caries

  epidemiological research, 54

  prevalence in children, 63

  in senior citizens, 63-64

  vaccine for, 71-72, 268

Carnegie Commission on Higher Education, 57-58, 216

Carnegie Foundation for Advancement of Teaching, 43, 44, 49

Children

  access to care, 74

  caries prevalence, 63

  minority, 64-65

  oral health trends, 64-65

  permanent tooth loss in, 62

  sealant utilization, 67, 69

  utilization patterns, 68

Cleft palate, 62

Clinical practice models, 4, 5, 30-31, 194-195, 287

Clinical science

  basic science integration, 94-100, 216

  comprehensive care model, 102-104

  current curriculum, 92-93

  educational costs, 208-209

  faculty, 124-125, 128

  practice guidelines, 72, 73, 76-78, 86-87

  recommendations, 12, 141

  research, 147, 151-156, 163-165, 168-169

Clinical science, faculty exposure, 101-102, 108, 127-128

Clinical services. See Patient care in dental schools

Commission on Dental Accreditation, 16, 17, 50, 93, 145, 197, 229

  activities of, 230-237

Commission on Recognition of Postsecondary Accreditation, 231

Committee on Postsecondary Accreditation, 231

Committee on the Costs of Medical Care, 56

Compensation, faculty, 128-129, 212, 213

Competition

  academic health centers and, 189, 190

  dental school clinics and, 55-56, 190, 290

  distribution of dental work force and, 275

  health care delivery trends and, 8, 290

Comprehensive patient care, 102-104, 114

Consolidation. See Regionalization

Continuing education, 90

  accreditation, 120-121

  evaluation, 121, 247

  importance of, 118-119

  options for, 119-120

  research role, 148

  state requirements for, 122, 247

Continuous quality improvement, 193-194

Cost of care

  in academic health centers, 188-189

  in dental schools, 175, 178, 188-190

  dentistry as medical specialty and, 110-111

  early research, 56

  insurance payment for, 67-68

  out-of-pocket payment for, 67

  trends, 23, 282

Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine. 1995. Dental Education at the Crossroads: Challenges and Change. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4925.
×

Council on Dental Education, 47, 49-50, 121

Curriculum

  accreditation and, 93-94

  active learning in, 12

  comprehensive patient care model, 102-104

  content, 12

  current criticisms, 94

  dental-medical integration, 108-109, 216

  dentistry as medical specialty in, 110-111

  financial considerations in, 214

  historical evolution, 46-47, 89-91

  integration of basic and clinical sciences in, 94-98, 216

  intensity of, 105-106

  length, 91-92

  licensure requirements and, 246

  obstacles to change, 100-102, 289

  postgraduate general dentistry, 114-116

  practice relevance, 100-102

  practice-relevant research model, 148

  preclinical laboratory work in, 97

  problem-based learning in, 98-100

  recommendations, 12, 141-142

  reform timetable, 7, 12

  sources of data for analysis of, 91

  variations in instructional allocation, 92-93

D

Data needs

  curriculum analysis, 106, 289

  dental work force, 10

  epidemiological research, 60-61

  in financial planning, 211-212

  monitoring dental care supply and demand, 5, 10, 18-19, 278, 293

  oral health assessment, 80, 81

  outcomes analysis, 72-73, 102

  quality of care in dental schools, 185-186, 290-291

Defense, Department of, 115

Deformities, dentofacial, 62

Demand for care

  contingency planning, 31, 284

  forecasting models, 261, 267-269

  in health care reform, 10, 26, 269

  monitoring, 5, 10, 18-19, 278, 293

Dental assistants. See Allied dental personnel

Dental education

  current status, 1, 21, 143, 285-286

  dental practice and, 5, 26

  integration into health care system, 3-4, 26, 28, 29-30, 107, 286-287

  medical education and, 7, 13, 29-30, 81, 106-111, 289

  models of clinical practice, 4, 30-31

  opportunities for improvement, 6-7, 140-141, 289

  role of, 31-32, 33, 88

  social trends and, 23-24, 282-285

  See also Advanced dental education;

  Evolution of dental education and dentistry

Dental floss, 69-70

Dental Interactive Simulations Corporation, 249

Dental work force

  allied personnel, 263

  composition, 257-260

  concerns about, 10-11, 254-255, 280, 284, 293-294

Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine. 1995. Dental Education at the Crossroads: Challenges and Change. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4925.
×

  current numbers, 255

  demand/need estimates, 267-269

  dental educators as, 5, 26, 55-56

  in dental research, 7, 156-157, 162, 255

  dental school faculty in, 127-128

  estimated requirements, 261-263, 266

  forecasting of requirements, 18-19, 263-270

  minority populations in, 10-11, 19, 29, 260, 276-278, 279, 293-294

  monitoring supply and demand in, 5, 10, 18-19, 278, 279, 293

  practice trends, 80-81

  productivity of, 272-274

  prospects for balanced supply, 275

  prospects for oversupply, 270-271

  prospects for undersupply, 271-275

  recommendations, 18-19, 278-280

  regional variation, 10, 58, 139, 257, 262-263, 275-276, 279

  statistical trends, 255-257

  supply issues, 4-5, 10, 18-19, 26, 57-58, 139, 254, 256-257, 261-263

  team strategy, 272-273

  work load, 262

  See also Hygienists

Disadvantaged populations

  access to care, 6, 11-12, 56, 79, 81, 284-285

  care in dental schools for, 197-198

  in dental work force, 10-11, 19, 29, 260, 276-279, 293-294

  oral health, 24, 64-66, 284-285, 288

  utilization rates, 67

Disciplinary action, 238

E

Education, Department of, 231

Effectiveness of dental services. See Outcomes research; Quality of care

Enrollment trends, 1, 26, 57-58, 131-134, 179, 255-256

  allied dental personnel, 263, 273

  demographic, 257-260

  projections, 267

  prospects for undersupply of practitioners, 271-272

  quality of applicants, 134-135

  recommendations, 18-19

Epidemiological research

  current assessment, 63-64

  data sources for current oral health assessment, 59-60

  data trends, 61-63

  goals, 147

  historical development, 53-55

  obstacles to, 60-61

Evolution of dental education and dentistry

  in ancient world, 38

  curriculum development, 89-91

  demographic trends, 257-260

  dental hygiene education in, 42-43

  early institutions, 39-41

  enrollment trends, 57-58, 179

  postgraduate training, 112-114

  pre-modern Europe, 38-39

  professionalization in, 41, 48-50

  proprietary schools in, 42, 43, 46

  reform efforts, 43-48

  relations with medical schools in, 40

  research base, 51-55

  specialty programs, 116

  standards development, 48-50

  themes in, 35, 281-282

  time line, 35-37

  university affiliation, 199-201

Examinations. See Testing

Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine. 1995. Dental Education at the Crossroads: Challenges and Change. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4925.
×

F

Faculty

  accountability, 142, 188, 192, 194-195

  in accreditation process, 233

  basic science, 97

  compensation, 128-129, 212, 213

  in comprehensive care programs, 104

  diversity, 125

  isolation of, 122-123, 166

  organizational structure, 123, 166

  practice plans, 127-128, 129, 176, 183, 194-195, 212-213

  recommendations for, 14, 142, 143

  research role, 14, 128, 147-148, 156-157, 162, 165

  resistance to change in, 100-102, 223-224

  as role models, 108, 127-128

  specialization in, 118

  statistical profile, 124-125

  tenure, 129-131

Faculty development, 125-127

  clinical practice skills, 101-102, 127, 128

  licensure requirements and, 246

  obstacles to, 126-127

  problems in, 7

  recommendations for, 14

  for research, 162, 165-166

Fauchard, 39

Financial management

  challenges for dental schools, 4, 9, 26, 203-209, 291

  cost analysis, 211-212

  cost of advanced specialty education, 118

  cost of care research, 56

  current statistical profile, 204-208

  curriculum changes in, 214

  economics of dental research, 149-151

  economics of research, 159-162

  expenditures per student, 204-207

  faculty compensation, 128-129

  faculty practice plans, 212-213

  organizational consolidation, 216-218

  philanthropic contributions, 215-216

  policy constraints in, 218-219

  public vs. private schools, 204-207, 220

  recommendations for dental schools, 16-17, 266-227

  revenue sources, 204, 207

  in school clinics, 178, 180, 181, 208-209, 213-214

  simple research designs, 166-170

  sponsored research as revenue, 215

  strategic opportunities, 209-211

  student educational debt load, 135-139

  tuition in, 214-215

  in universities, 200-201

Flexner Report, 43, 46

Fluoridation, 55, 62, 69

Fluorosis, 54

Forecasting models, 263-270

  recommendations, 18-19

Foreign schools, 135

Free care, 175

Future of dental education and dentistry

  access to care issues, 73-75

  choices in, 1-2

  development of interventions/technologies, 69-72

  opportunities for improvement, 286-287

  patient care in dental schools, 175-176, 184, 191, 192-197

  research opportunities, 144

  social context, 282-285

  See also Reform of dental education and dentistry

Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine. 1995. Dental Education at the Crossroads: Challenges and Change. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4925.
×

G

Gies Report, 44-45, 46-47

Gingivitis, 54, 61-69, 63

Government

  in accreditation, 234, 251

  in dental education, 29

  in dental research, 52, 53

  in growth of dental school enrollments, 57-58

  Healthy People 2000 initiative, 75-76, 82-84

  in influencing geographic distribution of dentists, 276

  in postgraduate general dentistry, 114, 115-116

  research spending, 149-150

  school funding, 204

  state licensure, 238-241, 244-245

  state university policies, 219

Group practice, 107

Guidelines. see Practice guidelines

H

Health and Human Services, Department of, 79, 80

Health care system

  dental school clinics in, 184, 188-189, 190, 191

  evolution of dental education in, 40

  integration of dentistry in, 3-4, 26, 28, 29-30, 107, 286-287

  projecting supply requirements, 268-269

  See also Restructuring of health care system

Health insurance. See Insurance/health plans

Healthy People 2000, 75-76, 82-84

Hispanic Americans, 65, 132, 260, 277

Hygienists

  accreditation concerns, 237

  in dental team productivity, 272-273

  educational programs, 207-208, 273

  evolution of educational programs, 42-43

  licensing issues, 248

  professional development, 273, 274

  supply, 263, 273

I

Information management

  in financial management, 211-212

  in patient care, 194, 195, 283

Informed consent, 188

Insurance/health plans

  access to care and, 23, 73-74, 76

  dental coverage trends, 25-26, 56

  health care reform and, 77

  patient care context, 174-175

  quality of care and, 185

  sources of, 68

  student clinics and, 184, 185, 191, 197

  utilization and, 67-68, 269, 275

International Association for Dental Research, 47

J

Joint Commission on the Accreditation of Health Care Organizations , 186

Josiah Macy, Jr., Foundation, 205

L

Leadership, in medical and dental education, 221-224

Licensure

  access to care and, 247

  clinical examination in, 237-238, 242-244, 245, 246, 249, 252-253

Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine. 1995. Dental Education at the Crossroads: Challenges and Change. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4925.
×

  computer simulations in, 249-250

  concerns about, 9-10, 241-242

  continued competency, 247, 250

  curriculum design and, 246

  of dental hygienists, 248

  disciplinary action, 238

  evidence of competency in, 242-244

  in evolution of dentistry, 42, 43

  failure rate, 243-244

  opportunities for improvement, 4, 248-250, 291, 292

  out-of-state credentialing, 50, 240, 247, 250, 253, 260

  postgraduate training, 116

  process, 238-240

  professional interests in, 244-245, 248

  reciprocity in, 50, 240

  recommendations for, 18, 252-253

  responsibility for, 244-245

  role of, 228, 237

  for specialty practice, 240-242

  standardization in, 18, 240, 253, 292, 293

  student performance trends, 134-135, 234-235

M

Managed care, 8, 177, 188, 191, 283

Medicaid, 68, 178, 185

Medical education

  accreditation of, 231-232

  dental clinic in, 189, 196

  dental education in evolution of, 40

  dental-medical integration, 13, 29-30, 81, 106-111, 142, 166, 216, 289

  dentistry as specialty in, 44, 110-111, 216

  Flexner report on, 43, 46

  nurse practitioners, 80-81

  revenue sources, 207

  sharing of basic science faculty, 13, 97

Medical management, 70-71

Medical technologies, 25, 107

  computer simulations for licensure, 249-250

  dental-medical integration, 29-30

  existing dental technologies, 69-70, 283

  new dental technologies, 70-72, 283

  in projecting supply requirements, 268

  research, 146-147

  technology transfer, 147-148

Medicare, 56, 68, 75

N

National Academy of Sciences, 130

National Association of Dental Examiners, 48, 49

National Association of Dental Faculties, 48-49

National Board of Dental Examiners, 50

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 53-54, 59-60

National Health Interview Study, 60

National Health Service Corps, 10, 56-57, 74, 139, 247, 276, 293

  recommendations for, 12, 143, 279

  tuition repayment and, 138

National Institute for Dental Research, 47, 52-53, 60, 145

  recommendations for, 15

  research spending, 150, 152-156, 159, 162-163

National Institutes of Health, 52, 53

Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine. 1995. Dental Education at the Crossroads: Challenges and Change. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4925.
×

National Research Council, 2, 23, 51

  Office of Scientific and Engineering Personnel, 162, 171

Native Americans, 64, 260, 277

Nurse practitioners, 80

O

Oral health

  access to care and, 73-75

  comorbid conditions, 64

  current assessment, 63-64

  data sources in assessment of, 59-61

  demographic trends, 24, 25

  development of epidemiological research, 53-55

  emergent interventions/technologies, 70-72, 283

  goals, 5-6, 11, 28, 78

  Healthy People 2000 initiatives, 75-76

  in loss of work days, 66

  monitoring of, 11, 79-80

  outcomes research, 17-18, 28, 72-73, 77-78, 102, 286, 288-289

  preventive efforts, 6, 69-70, 75-76, 78, 85, 285, 288

  public support for programs, 288

  recommendations for improving, 78-81, 288-289

  role of dental education in, 79, 288

  socioeconomic disparities, 6, 64-66, 284-285, 288

  technology access/utilization, 69-70, 147-148, 283

  in total health care management, 28, 110, 285

  trends, 24, 61-63

  See also Patient care in dental schools

Oral Health 2000, 75, 78, 82-84

Orofacial pain, 63

Outcomes research

  clinical practice guidelines and, 77-78

  dental education, 9, 17-18, 251, 252, 292

  need for, 28, 72-73, 102, 286, 288

  problem-based learning, 98-99

  recommendations, 17-18, 288-289

P

Patient care in dental schools

  academic health centers and, 32, 196

  access issues, 197-198

  accountability in, 188, 194-195

  accreditation, 186, 195-196, 197

  administration, 195

  challenges in, 175-176, 182, 184, 196-197, 198, 208-209

  community service efforts, 190-191

  competition issues, 188-190, 286

  conflicting needs in, 174-175

  continuous quality improvement in, 193-194

  efficiency of care in, 182-184

  faculty in, 127-128, 129, 176, 183, 194-195, 212-213

  financing of, 178, 180, 181, 208-209, 212-214

  individual differences in, 180-181, 191

  informed consent issues in, 188

  opportunities for improvement, 192, 290-291

  organization of, 177

  providers of, 176

  quality assurance programs, 185-186, 193-194

  quality of care, 181-182, 184-186

  recommendations for, 196-198

Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine. 1995. Dental Education at the Crossroads: Challenges and Change. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4925.
×

  reimbursements, 175, 178, 188-190

  as revenue source, 181, 212

  settings for, 176-177

  shortage of teaching patients, 188-190

  statistical profile, 178-181

  strategic planning in, 192-193, 197

  student enrollment trends and, 179

  utilization, 179-180

Patient-oriented care, 8

  in comprehensive patient care model, 102-104

  in dental schools, 31-32, 174-175, 196-197, 198, 290-291

  recommendations for, 13, 15, 142

  research topics, 15

Periodontal disease, 60, 62-63, 71-72

Pew National Dental Education Program, 90-91

Philanthropic contributions, 215-216

Physician, role in oral health, 80-81, 274

Practice guidelines, 72-73, 76-78, 86-87, 194-195

Prevention, 69-70, 75-76, 78, 85

Primary care

  in academic health centers, 188-189

  oral health in, 78

Private dental schools, 1, 21, 181, 202, 204-207, 220

  See also Schools of Dental Education

Problem-based learning, 98-100

Provider Recognition Program, 121

Q

Quality of care

  accreditation/licensure and, 228, 234-235, 291

  allied dental personnel and, 111, 272, 273

  definition, 184

  in dental school clinics, 181-182, 184-186, 193-196

  documentation of, 8

  future of dentistry, 283

  overcare in, 184-185

  quality assurance, 185-186, 193-194

R

RAND Health Insurance Experiment, 60

Randomized clinical trials, 167

Reform of dental. education and dentistry

  accreditation and licensure issues, 9-10, 250-253

  challenges in, 2, 21-22

  dental work force issues, 10-11, 293-294

  educational mission, 6-7, 289

  historical developments, 43-48

  implementation of recommendations, 294-295

  oral health objectives, 5-6, 68, 75-76, 78-81, 288-289

  patient care issues, 8, 290-291

  policy and strategic principles, 3-5, 28-29, 282

  recommendations, 11-19

  research practice, 7-8, 289-290

  timetable, 5, 7, 12

  university dental schools, 8-9, 291

Regionalization, 216-218

Research in dentistry

  accreditation standards, 145

  advanced specialty preparation, 117

  alternative models, 30-31

  benefits of, 7, 289-290

  collaborations in, 7-8, 15, 144, 172, 290

  cost of care and, 56

Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine. 1995. Dental Education at the Crossroads: Challenges and Change. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4925.
×

  current status, 144-145

  dental education and, 170-171

  development of dentist scientists, 162-165

  economics, 149-151, 159-162

  epidemiological research in oral health, 53-55

  faculty role, 14, 128, 147-148, 162, 165

  focus, 151-156

  goals, 7-8, 28-29, 145-149

  historical development, 51-55

  as interdisciplinary activity, 146-147

  modeling of practitioner supply, 263-270

  new interventions/technologies, 70-72

  obstacles to, 157-159, 165-166, 171-172, 286

  opportunities for improving, 44, 166-170

  oral health, 6, 79-80

  outcomes, 28, 72-73, 102, 288-289

  patient care objectives in, 15

  private sector funding, 156, 161

  promotion of, 15

  publishing and, 150-151

  randomized clinical trials, 167

  recommendations, 14-15, 80, 172-173

  as revenue source, 150-151, 159, 215

  role of schools in, 31-32, 289-290

  training for, 148-149, 165

  work force in, 7, 156-157, 162, 255, 290

  See also Epidemiological research

Residency training, 112-116, 262

Restructuring of health care system

  academic health centers and, 188-189

  demand for dental services, 10, 26

  dental coverage in, 74, 79

  dental school clinics and, 105, 184, 285

  information management in, 195

  physician training in, 219

  reform of dentistry in, 5, 30, 283

  reimbursement systems in, 10

  service demand and supply forecasts, 268-269

Rural practice, 257

S

Schools of dental education

  accreditation/licensure, 4, 17-18

  ambulatory care in, 16

  clinical practice in, 55-56

  closure, 1, 8, 21, 26, 58, 199, 202, 219, 220

  collaborative research, 7, 144

  continuing education programs, 120

  dental hygiene programs, 207-208

  expenditures per student, 204-207

  financial management, 4, 9, 16-17, 26, 203-211

  foreign schools, 135

  geographic distribution, 58

  inefficiencies in, 104-105

  private institutions, 1, 21, 181, 202, 204-207, 220

  recommendations for, 12, 16-18, 141-143

  regionalization, 216-218

  research in, 7-8, 51-52, 54-55, 144-150, 157-159, 165-166, 171-173

  revenue sources, 204, 207

  status of students in, 131

  strategic planning in, 15-16

  trends in, 1, 21, 31-32, 202

  tuition, 135-138, 204-207, 214-215

Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine. 1995. Dental Education at the Crossroads: Challenges and Change. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4925.
×

  See also Curriculum;

  Faculty;

  University-affiliated dental schools

Sealants, 67, 69

Social trends, 23-24, 282-285

  oral health monitoring, 79-80

Specialization

  current status, 116-117

  dentistry as medical specialty, 110-111, 216

  early developments, 47

  estimated requirements for, 261-262

  licensure, 240-242

  minimum clinical competency and, 94

  postgraduate education, 117-118

  postgraduate general dentistry and, 114

  problems in, 117-118

  research training in, 117

  trends, 112, 116, 256

State practice acts, 42, 219, 238-241, 244-245

  See also Government;

  Licensure

Strategic planning

  in dental schools, 16

  for patient care in dental schools, 192-193, 197

  patient-centered objectives in, 15

  role of, 192

  in university-affiliated dental schools, 226

Students of dentistry

  attitude of educators toward, 131

  educational debt load, 135-139

  as providers of care, 176, 178, 182-183, 194-195

  quality of applicants, 134-135

  quality of life issues, 139-140

  school expenditures per student, 204-207

  statistical profile, 131-134

T

Technology transfer, 147

Tenure, 14, 129-131

Testing

  general dentistry license, 237-239

  national uniformity in, 4

  recommendations for, 18

Tooth brushing, 69-70

Tuition

  cost of education and, 204-207

  dental hygiene education, 207

  in financial management, 214-215

  student choices and, 136-138

  trends, 135-136, 200

U

Universities

  academic health centers in, 31-32

  challenges for, 200-202, 284

  current environment for, 24

  Flexner report, 43

University-affiliated dental schools, 8-9, 16

  collaborative research in, 7

  consolidation strategies, 216-218

  contributions of, 30, 199, 224-225, 226, 287, 291

  dental school clinics and, 208-209

  evolution, 44-48, 199-200

  financial challenges, 203-209, 225-226

  financial strategies, 209-218

  leadership issues, 221-224

  opportunities for strengthening, 220-225, 291

  philanthropic contributions to, 215-216

  policy constraints in financial management of, 218-219, 284

Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine. 1995. Dental Education at the Crossroads: Challenges and Change. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4925.
×

  recommendations for, 225-227

  risks for, 8-9, 26, 202-203, 225-226, 286

  sponsored research in, 215

Utilization

  age as factor in, 67

  insurance coverage and, 67-68

  models for estimating, 266-269

  reducing, in undersupply of dentists, 274-275

  in student clinics, 179-180

  trends, 67

V

Vaccines, 71-72

Variation in practice, 9, 72, 99

Veterans Affairs, Department of, 68

W

women in dentistry, 257-260

Work force. See Dental work force

Suggested Citation:"Index." Institute of Medicine. 1995. Dental Education at the Crossroads: Challenges and Change. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4925.
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Dental Education at the Crossroads: Challenges and Change Get This Book
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Six dental schools have closed in the last decade and others are in jeopardy. Facing this uncertainty about the status of dental education and the continued tension between educators and practitioners, leaders in the profession have recognized the need for purpose and direction.

This comprehensive volume—the first to cover the education, research, and patient care missions of dental schools—offers specific recommendations on oral health assessment, access to dental care, dental school curricula, financing for education, research priorities, examinations and licensing, workforce planning, and other key areas.

Well organized and accessible, the book:

  • Recaps the evolution of dental practice and education.
  • Reviews key indicators of oral health status, outlines oral health goals, and discusses implications for education.
  • Addresses major curriculum concerns.
  • Examines health services that dental schools provide to patients and communities.
  • Looks at faculty and student involvement in research.
  • Explores the relationship of dental education to the university, the dental profession, and society at large.

Accreditation, the dental workforce, and other critical policy issues are highlighted as well.

Of greatest interest to deans, faculty, administrators, and students at dental schools, as well as to academic health centers and universities, this book also will be informative for health policymakers, dental professionals, and dental researchers.

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