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Cover: Photograph of Globular Cluster G1 in Galaxy M31 taken by the Hubble Space Telescope in July 1994. Courtesy of NASA.
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JOINT COMMITTEE ON TECHNOLOGY FOR SPACE SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS STEERING COMMITTEE FOR A WORKSHOP TO REDUCE SPACE SCIENCE MISSION COSTS
BARBARA C. CORN (co-chair),
B.C. Consulting, Inc., Searcy, Arkansas
JOHN J. DONEGAN (co-chair),
John Donegan Associates, Inc., King George, Virginia
JAMES P. BAGIAN,
Environmental Protection Agency, Northville, Michigan
DANIEL N. BAKER,
University of Colorado, Boulder
B. JOHN GARRICK,
PLG, Inc., Newport Beach, California
WILEY J. LARSON,
U.S. Air Force Academy and International Space University, Colorado Springs, Colorado
MICHAEL MALIN,
Malin Space Science Systems, San Diego, California
GEORGE SEBESTYEN,
CTA Space Systems, McLean, Virginia
Aeronautics And Space Engineering Board And Space Studies Board Staff
JOANN CLAYTON-TOWNSEND, ASEB Director
MARC S. ALLEN, SSB Director
ALLISON SANDLIN, Study Director,
ASEB (March-December 1996)
VICTORIA P. FRIEDENSEN, Study Manager,
ASEB
LISA D. MAY, Consultant
AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ENGINEERING BOARD
JOHN D. WARNER (chair),
The Boeing Company, Seattle, Washington
STEVEN AFTERGOOD,
Federation of American Scientists, Washington, D.C.
GEORGE A. BEKEY,
University of Southern California, Los Angeles
GUION S. BLUFORD, JR.,
NYMA, Inc., Brook Park, Ohio
RAYMOND S. COLLADAY,
Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, Colorado
BARBARA C. CORN,
BC Consulting, Inc., Searcy, Arkansas
STEVEN D. DORFMAN,
Hughes Electronics Corporation, Los Angeles, California
DONALD C. FRASER,
Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
DANIEL HASTINGS,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge
FREDERICK HAUCK,
International Technology Underwriters, Bethesda, Maryland
WILLIAM H. HEISER,
U.S. Air Force Academy, Colorado Springs, Colorado
WILLIAM HOOVER,
U.S. Air Force (retired), Williamsburg, Virginia
BENJAMIN HUBERMAN,
Huberman Consulting Group, Washington, D.C.
BERNARD L. KOFF,
Pratt and Whitney, West Palm Beach, Florida
FRANK E. MARBLE,
California Institute of Technology, Pasadena
C. JULIAN MAY,
Technical Operations International, Inc., Kennesaw, Georgia
GRACE M. ROBERTSON,
McDonnell Douglas Corporation (Douglas Aircraft Company), Long Beach, California
GEORGE SPRINGER,
Stanford University, Stanford, California
Staff
JOANN CLAYTON-TOWNSEND, Director
SPACE STUDIES BOARD
CLAUDE R. CANIZARES (chair),
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge
MARK R. ABBOTT,
Oregon State University, Corvallis
JAMES P. BAGIAN,
Environmental Protection Agency, Northville, Michigan
DANIEL N. BAKER,
University of Colorado, Boulder
LAWRENCE BOGORAD,
Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
DONALD E. BROWNLEE,
University of Washington, Seattle
JOHN J. DONEGAN,
John Donegan Associates, Inc., King George, Virginia
GERARD W. ELVERUM, JR.,
TRW Space and Technology Group (retired), Murietta, California
ANTHONY W. ENGLAND,
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
MARTIN E. GLICKSMAN,
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York
RONALD GREELEY,
Arizona State University, Tempe
BILL GREEN, former member,
U.S. House of Representatives, New York
ANDREW H. KNOLL,
Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
JANET G. LUHMANN,
University of California, Berkeley
ROBERTA BALSTAD MILLER,
Consortium for International Earth Science Information Network, University Center, Michigan
BERRIEN MOORE III,
University of New Hampshire, Durham
KENNETH H. NEALSON,
University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
MARY JANE OSBORN,
University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington
SIMON OSTRACH,
Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
MORTON B. PANISH,
AT&T Bell Laboratories (retired), Springfield, New Jersey
CARLÉ M. PIETERS,
Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
MARCIA J. RIEKE,
University of Arizona, Tucson
JOHN A. SIMPSON,
University of Chicago, Illinois
ROBERT E. WILLIAMS,
Space Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
Staff
MARC S. ALLEN, Director
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Contents
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Remarks on Reducing Space Science Mission Costs, |
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Perspectives on Small Spacecraft: Results of a Recent RAND Workshop, |
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Influence of Technology on Space Mission Costs, |
Summary of Techniques for Reducing Space Mission Costs, |
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Mars Exploration Program Strategy: 1995-2020, |
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Tables, Figures, and Box
Tables
2-1 |
Major Points Identified by Working Groups, |
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D-1 |
Mars Program Infrastructure Candidates, |
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D-2 |
Cost-Reduction Options, |
Figures
C-1 |
NASA spending on small spacecraft, |
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C-2 |
Historical spacecraft mass trends, |
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C-3 |
The importance of technology in future small missions, |
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C-4 |
Spacecraft cost per kilogram comparison, |
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C-5 |
Distribution of TMC cost elements for current small spacecraft, |
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C-6 |
Mars Exploration Program strategy, |
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D-1 |
Windstar spacecraft characteristics, |
Box
2-1 |
Message from the Chairs, |