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The Best Intentions: Unintended Pregnancy and the Well-Being of Children and Families

The Best Intentions: Unintended Pregnancy and the Well-Being of Children and Families

Contents

  • SUMMARY

    The contents of the entire report, from which
    this Summary is extracted, are listed below.

      SUMMARY 1

      1 INTRODUCTION 11
        Focus of this Report, 17
        Study Methods and Report Organization, 17

      2 DEMOGRAPHY OF UNINTENDED PREGNANCY 21
        Terminology, 21
        Percentage Rates of Unintended Pregnancy, 25
        Women at Risk of Unintended Pregnancy, 28
        Women Who Have Unintended Pregnancies, 31
        Trends in Unintended Pregnancy, 33
        The Role of Abortion, 41
        International Comparisons, 42
        Conclusion, 47

      3 CONSEQUENCES OF UNINTENDED PREGNANCY 50
        Abortion as a Consequence of Unintended Pregnancy, 51
        Maternal Demographic Status, 55
        The Effects of Intendedness, 63
        Preconception Care, 76
        The Demographic Implications of Reducing Unintended
        Pregnancy, 79
        Conclusion, 80

      4 PATTERNS OF CONTRACEPTIVE USE 91
        Patterns of Contraceptive Use and Unintended Pregnancy, 92
        Contraceptive Use Among Men, 111
        Use of Dual Contraceptive Methods, 118
        Sexually Transmitted Diseases, 119
        Conclusion, 122

      5 BASIC REQUIREMENTS: CONTRACEPTIVE KNOWLEDGE
      AND ACCESS 126
        Knowledge, Skills, and School-Based Education, 127
        Access to Contraception, 135
        Missed Opportunities, 150
        Conclusion, 153

      6 PERSONAL AND INTERPERSONAL DETERMINANTS OF
      CONTRACEPTIVE USE 160
        A Comment on Available Data, 161
        Underlying Themes, 161
        Single Factor Investigations, 166
        Conclusion, 176

      7 SOCIOECONOMIC AND CULTURAL INFLUENCES ON
      CONTRACEPTIVE USE 183
        Diversity in U.S. Culture, 184
        Conflicting Views About Sexuality, 188
        Economic Influences on Fertility, 194
        Racism, 198
        Violence, 203
        Gender Bias, 205
        Opposition to Abortion, 208
        Conclusion, 211

      8 PROGRAMS TO REDUCE UNINTENDED PREGNANCY 218
        National Programs, 218
        Local Programs, 223
        Cross-Cutting Themes, 231
        The Fiscal Impact of Family Planning Funding, 240
        Conclusion, 244

      9 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 250
        A New Social Norm, 251
        The Campaign to Reduce Unintended Pregnancy, 253
        Campaign Leadership, 270

      APPENDIXES
        A Commissioned and Contributed Papers, 275
        B The Political Storms over Family Planning: Supplement to
        Chapters 1 and 7, 278
        C The National Survey of Family Growth: Principal Source of
        Statistics on Unintended Pregnancy: Supplement to Chapter 2, 286
        D Tables of Odds Ratios: Supplement to Chapter 3, 296
        E Technical Notes on the Recalculation Exercise: Supplement to
        Chapter 3, 308
        F Summaries of Evaluated Programs: Supplement to Chapter 8, 311
        G Assessing Program Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness
        Supplement to Chapter 8, 338

      INDEX 367

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