Developing a Digital
National Library for
Undergraduate Science,
Mathematics, Engineering,
and Technology Education
Report of a Workshop
National Research Council
Center for Science, Mathematics,
and Engineering Education
National Academy Press
Washington, D.C. 1998
NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS • 2101 CONSTITUTION AVENUE, NW • WASHINGTON DC 20418
NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.
This report has been reviewed by a group other than the authors according to procedures approved by a Report Review Committee consisting of members of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine.
The National Research Council (NRC) is the operating arm of the National Academies Complex, which includes the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The National Research Council was organized in 1916 by the National Academy of Sciences to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy's purposes of furthering knowledge and providing impartial advice to the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Bruce M. Alberts, President of the National Academy of Sciences, and Dr. William Wulf, President of the National Academy of Engineering, also serve as chairman and vice chairman, respectively, of the National Research Council.
The Center for Science, Mathematics, and Engineering Education (CSMEE) was established in 1995 to provide coordination of all the National Research Council's education activities and reform efforts for students at all levels, specifically those in kindergarten through twelfth grade, undergraduate institutions, school-to-work programs, and continuing education. The Center reports directly to the Governing Board of the National Research Council.
This study by CSMEE was conducted under a grant from the National
Science Foundation to the National Academy of Sciences/National
Research Council (DUE-9727710). Any opinions, findings, or recommendations
expressed in this report are those of the participants in the
workshop and the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views
of the National Science Foundation.
Additional copies of this report are available from the National
Academy Press, 2101 Constitution Avenue, NW, Lock Box 285, Washington,
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Developing a digital national library for undergraduate science, mathematics, engineering, and technology education : report of a workshop / National Research Council, Center for Science, Mathematics, and Engineering Education, Computer Science and Telecommunications Board.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references.
ISBN 0-309-05977-1 (pbk.)
1. Education libraries—United States—Congresses. 2. Scientific libraries—United States—Congresses. 3. Science—Study and teaching—United States—Computer network resources—Congresses. 4. Digital libraries—United States—Congresses. I. Center for Science, Mathematics, and Engineering Education. II. National Research Council (U.S.). Computer Science and Telecommunications Board.
Z675.P3D48 1998
026.5—dc21
97-45304
CIP
This report is also available online at http://www.nap.edu .
Printed in the United States of America.
Copyright 1998 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights
reserved.
DEVELOPING A DIGITAL NATIONAL LIBRARY FOR UNDERGRADUATE SCIENCE,
MATHEMATICS, ENGINEERING, AND TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION
STEERING COMMITTEE
JACK M. WILSON, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Chair
DENICE D. DENTON, University of Washington
HARVEY KEYNES, University of Minnesota
JAMES W. SERUM, Hewlett-Packard Company
Staff
JAY B. LABOV, Co-Study Director, Center for Science, Mathematics, and Engineering Education
HERBERT S. LIN, Co-Study Director, Computer Science and Telecommunications Board
NANCY L. DEVINO, Senior Staff Officer, Center for Science, Mathematics, and Engineering Education
GAIL E. PRITCHARD, Research Assistant, Center for Science, Mathematics, and Engineering Education
KATHLEEN JOHNSTON, Editorial Associate, Center for Science, Mathematics, and Engineering Education
TERRY K. HOLMER, Project Assistant, Center for Science, Mathematics, and Engineering Education
CATHERINE Y. BELL, Administrative Assistant, Center for Science,
Mathematics, and Engineering Education
CENTER FOR SCIENCE, MATHEMATICS,
AND ENGINEERING EDUCATION
ADVISORY BOARD
DONALD KENNEDY, Stanford University, Chair
MARTHA DARLING, Boeing Commercial Airplane Group, Vice Chair
NEAL ABRAHAM, Bryn Mawr College
HYMAN BASS, Columbia University
ELEANOR BAUM, The Cooper Union
IRIS CARL, Houston Independent School District (retired)
DENICE DENTON, University of Washington
JOHN DOWLING, Harvard University
ARTHUR EISENKRAFT, Fox Lane High School
DANINE EZELL, Dana Center
MARYE ANNE FOX, University of Texas
TIMOTHY GOLDSMITH, Yale University
PHILLIP GRIFFITHS, Institute for Advanced Study
JEROME GROSSMAN, Health Quality, Inc.
ANA "CHA" GUZMAN, Austin Community College
DUDLEY HERSCHBACH, Harvard University
FREEMAN HRABOWSKI, University of Maryland-Baltimore County
RICHARD JAEGER, University of North Carolina-Greensboro
JANE BUTLER KAHLE, Miami University
MICHAEL MARTINEZ, University of California-Irvine
JOSEPH A. MILLER, JR., E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Company
JERRY MOHRIG, Carleton College
CLIFTON A. POODRY, National Institutes of Health
SENTA RAIZEN, WestEd
WILLIAM J. RUTTER, Chiron Corporation
MARY JANE SCHOTT, University of Texas-Austin
BARBARA SCHULZ, Lakeside School
MAXINE SINGER, Carnegie Institution of Washington
JOHN SNOW, University of Oklahoma
MARILYN J. SUITER, American Geological Institute
URI TREISMAN, University of Texas-Austin
JOHN TRUXAL, State University of New York at Stony Brook (retired)
BONNIE VAN DORN, Association of Science-Technology Centers
JO ANNE VASQUEZ, Mesa Public Schools
ROBERT WATERMAN, JR., The Waterman Group, Inc.
IRIS R. WEISS, Horizon Research, Inc.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Background
Process
Project Foci
Key Observations
Critical Issues
Implementation: Economic, Legal, and Technology Issues
Economic Issues
Legal Issues
Technology Issues
STEERING COMMITTEE RECOMMENDATIONS
APPENDIX A: Commissioned Papers
Some Technical and Economic Issues in the Design of a National Library for Undergraduate Science, Mathematics, Engineering, and Technology Education, by Clifford Lynch
Basic Issues Regarding the Establishment of a National SME&T Digital Library, by Francis Miksa
APPENDIX C: List of Workshop Participants and NSF Observers
APPENDIX D: Biographical Sketches of Steering Committee and Workshop Participants