Table of Contents
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Front Matter	i-xvi
Summary	1-20	(skim)
1 Dietary Reference Intakes	21-37	(skim)
2 Calcium and Related Nutrients: Overview and Methods	38-50	(skim)
3 A Model for the Development of Tolerable Upper Intake Levels	51-70	(skim)
4 Calcium	71-145	(skim)
5 Phosphorus	146-189	(skim)
6 Magnesium	190-249	(skim)
7 Vitamin D	250-287	(skim)
8 Fluoride	288-313	(skim)
9 Uses of Dietary Reference Intakes	314-324	(skim)
References	325-374	(skim)
Appendix A Origin and Framework of the Development of Dietary Reference Intakes	375-380	(skim)
Appendix B Acknowledgments	381-382	(skim)
Appendix C Options for Dealing with Uncertainties	383-386	(skim)
Appendix D 1994 CSFII Adjusted Data for Calcium, Phosphorus, and Magnesium	387-393	(skim)
Appendix E Model for Estimating Calcium Intake for Desirable Calcium Retention	394-398	(skim)
Appendix F Biographical Sketches of Committee, Subcommittee, Panel Members and Staff	399-412	(skim)
Index	413-432	(skim)

Description

Since 1941, Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) has been recognized as the most authoritative source of information on nutrient levels for healthy people. Since publication of the 10th edition in 1989, there has been rising awareness of the impact of nutrition on chronic disease. In light of new research findings and a growing public focus on nutrition and health, the expert panel responsible for formulation RDAs reviewed and expanded its approach--the result: Dietary Reference Intakes.

This new series of references greatly extends the scope and application of previous nutrient guidelines. For each nutrient the book presents what is known about how the nutrient functions in the human body, what the best method is to determine its requirements, which factors (caffeine or exercise, for example) may affect how it works, and how the nutrient may be related to chronic disease.

The first volume of Dietary Reference Intakes includes calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, vitamin D, and fluoride. The second book in the series presents information about thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12, pantothenic acid, biotin, and choline.

Based on analysis of nutrient metabolism in humans and data on intakes in the U.S. population, the committee recommends intakes for each age group--from the first days of life through childhood, sexual maturity, midlife, and the later years. Recommendations for pregnancy and lactation also are made, and the book identifies when intake of a nutrient may be too much. Representing a new paradigm for the nutrition community, Dietary Reference Intakes encompasses:

• Estimated Average Requirements (EARs). These are used to set Recommended Dietary Allowances.
  
• Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs). Intakes that meet the RDA are likely to meet the nutrient requirement of nearly all individuals in a life-stage and gender group.
  
• Adequate Intakes (AIs). These are used instead of RDAs when an EAR cannot be calculated. Both the RDA and the AI may be used as goals for individual intake.
  
• Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (ULs). Intakes below the UL are unlikely to pose risks of adverse health effects in healthy people.
  

This new framework encompasses both essential nutrients and other food components thought to pay a role in health, such as dietary fiber. It incorporates functional endpoints and examines the relationship between dose and response in determining adequacy and the hazards of excess intake for each nutrient.

Authoring Organizations

• Institute of Medicine (IOM)
• More Titles from IOM

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NOTES

 

Dietary Reference Intakes - Complete 12 Book Set