Marine mammals face a large array of stressors, including loss of habitat, chemical and noise pollution, and bycatch in fishing, which alone kills hundreds of thousands of marine mammals per year globally. To discern the factors contributing to population trends, scientists must consider the full complement of threats faced by marine mammals. Once populations or ecosystems are found to be at risk of adverse impacts, it is critical to decide which combination of stressors to reduce to bring the population or ecosystem into a more favorable state. Assessing all stressors facing a marine mammal population also provides the environmental context for evaluating whether an additional activity could threaten it.
Approaches to Understanding the Cumulative Effects of Stressors on Marine Mammals builds upon previous reports to assess current methodologies used for evaluating cumulative effects and identify new approaches that could improve these assessments. This review focuses on ways to quantify exposure-related changes in the behavior, health, or body condition of individual marine mammals and makes recommendations for future research initiatives.
Table of Contents |
skim chapter | |
---|---|---|
Front Matter | i-xii | |
Summary | 1-10 | |
1 Introduction | 11-16 | |
2 Estimating Exposure and Effects of Sound on Wildlife | 17-32 | |
3 Current Understanding of Stressors | 33-40 | |
4 Assessing Interactions Among Stressors | 41-58 | |
5 Modeling the Population Consequences of Exposure to Multiple Stressors | 59-68 | |
6 Interactions Among Stressors and Challenges to Understanding Their Cumulative Effects | 69-78 | |
7 Early Warning Signs of Risk to Populations | 79-84 | |
8 Approaches to Assess Cumulative Impacts | 85-98 | |
References | 99-118 | |
Appendix A: Workshop Agenda | 119-120 | |
Appendix B: Relevant Laws and Regulations | 121-128 | |
Appendix C: Committee and Staff Biographies | 129-132 | |
Appendix D: Glossary | 133-134 |
The National Academies Press and the Transportation Research Board have partnered with Copyright Clearance Center to offer a variety of options for reusing our content. You may request permission to:
For most Academic and Educational uses no royalties will be charged although you are required to obtain a license and comply with the license terms and conditions.
For information on how to request permission to translate our work and for any other rights related query please click here.
For questions about using the Copyright.com service, please contact:
Copyright Clearance Center
22 Rosewood Drive
Danvers, MA 01923
Tel (toll free): 855/239-3415 (select option 1)
E-mail: info@copyright.com
Web: https://www.copyright.com
Loading stats for Approaches to Understanding the Cumulative Effects of Stressors on Marine Mammals...