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Nearly all transit agencies are seeing potential benefits to multimodal payment convergence. However, many agencies find that implementing necessary upgrades is cost-prohibitive, which is the biggest barrier to full adoption.

The TRB Transit Cooperative Research Program's TCRP Synthesis 144: Multimodal Fare Payment Integration documents current practices and experiences of transit agencies dealing with the complexities of multimodal fare payment convergence.

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Suggested Citation

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Multimodal Fare Payment Integration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/25734.

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Publication Info

86 pages |  8.5 x 11 |  DOI: https://doi.org/10.17226/25734
Chapters skim
Front Matter i-viii
Summary 1-4
Chapter 1 - Overview of Multimodal Payment Convergence 5-7
Chapter 2 - History, Context, and Technological Change 8-17
Chapter 3 - Status of Payment Convergence in the United States 18-28
Chapter 4 - Case Examples 29-42
Chapter 5 - Conclusions and Further Research 43-45
References 46-47
Glossary 48-50
Abbreviations and Acronyms 51-51
Appendix A - The Survey Questionnaire 52-72
Appendix B - List of Survey Respondents 73-76

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