@BOOK{NAP25238, author = "National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine", editor = "Paula Whitacre", title = "Strategies for Engagement of Non-Traditional Partners in the Research Enterprise: Proceedings of a Workshop–in Brief", doi = "10.17226/25238", abstract = "Partnerships between government, universities, and industry have formed the foundation of the national research enterprise for more than half a century, driving science and technology breakthroughs that have created significant social and economic benefits for the nation and the world. However, there is growing recognition that the partnerships supporting the U.S. innovation ecosystem extend beyond the \u201ctriple-helix actors\u201d to include other stakeholders. Philanthropic institutions, angel and venture capital groups, political advocates, and nongovernmental organizations participate as partners in funding, influence, and support of basic science and research and development. How these partnerships are established and maintained, how effective they are in supporting science and innovation, and how to assess their overall impact on the U.S. research enterprise are increasingly relevant questions for leaders in both science and policy. \n\nTo address these and related questions, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a workshop on June 12\u201313, 2018. Through presentations and robust discussion periods, workshop participants explored the engagement models, goals, incentives, and risk tolerance of some non-traditional research partners and discussed how their efforts intersect with those of the federal government, universities, and industry. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25238/strategies-for-engagement-of-non-traditional-partners-in-the-research-enterprise", year = 2018, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" }