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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2009. Evaluation of NSF's Program of Grants for Vertical Integration of Research and Education in the Mathematical Sciences (VIGRE). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12716.
×

Evaluation of NSF’s Program of Grants for Vertical Integration of Research and Education in the Mathematical Sciences (VIGRE)

Committee to Evaluate the NSF’s Vertically Integrated Grants for Research and Education (VIGRE) Program

Board on Mathematical Sciences and Their Applications

Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences

NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS

Washington, D.C.
www.nap.edu

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2009. Evaluation of NSF's Program of Grants for Vertical Integration of Research and Education in the Mathematical Sciences (VIGRE). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12716.
×

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS

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NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.

This project was supported by the National Science Foundation under Contract Number DMS-0650370. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the organizations or agencies that provided support for the project.

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Suggested citation: National Research Council. 2009. Evaluation of NSF’s Program of Grants for Vertical Integration of Research and Education in the Mathematical Sciences (VIGRE). Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press.

Copyright 2009 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2009. Evaluation of NSF's Program of Grants for Vertical Integration of Research and Education in the Mathematical Sciences (VIGRE). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12716.
×

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES

Advisers to the Nation on Science, Engineering, and Medicine


The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone is president of the National Academy of Sciences.


The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. Charles M. Vest is president of the National Academy of Engineering.


The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Harvey V. Fineberg is president of the Institute of Medicine.


The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy’s purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone and Dr. Charles M. Vest are chair and vice chair, respectively, of the National Research Council.


www.national-academies.org

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2009. Evaluation of NSF's Program of Grants for Vertical Integration of Research and Education in the Mathematical Sciences (VIGRE). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12716.
×

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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2009. Evaluation of NSF's Program of Grants for Vertical Integration of Research and Education in the Mathematical Sciences (VIGRE). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12716.
×

COMMITTEE TO EVALUATE THE NSF’S VERTICALLY INTEGRATED GRANTS FOR RESEARCH AND EDUCATION (VIGRE) PROGRAM

WILLIAM E. KIRWAN, Chancellor of the University System of Maryland, Chair

EFRAIM ARMENDARIZ,

University of Texas at Austin

JOHN A. BURNS,

Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

C. HERBERT CLEMENS,

Ohio State University

DONA L. CRAWFORD,

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

CHRISTINE M. CUMMING,

Federal Reserve Bank of New York

LAWRENCE CRAIG EVANS,

University of California at Berkeley

CHARLES L. FEFFERMAN,

Princeton University

MARTIN GOLUBITSKY,

Ohio State University and Mathematical Biosciences Institute

MARK L. GREEN,

University of California at Los Angeles

LEO P. KADANOFF,

University of Chicago

DANIEL L. SOLOMON,

North Carolina State University

LYNN ARTHUR STEEN,

Saint Olaf College

KAREN L. VOGTMANN,

Cornell University

ERIC W. WELCH,

University of Illinois at Chicago

SHMUEL WINOGRAD,

IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center

Staff

SCOTT WEIDMAN, Director,

Board on Mathematical Sciences and Their Applications

NEAL GLASSMAN, Senior Program Officer

JOHN SISLIN, Program Officer

BARBARA WRIGHT, Administrative Assistant

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2009. Evaluation of NSF's Program of Grants for Vertical Integration of Research and Education in the Mathematical Sciences (VIGRE). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12716.
×

BOARD ON MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS

C. DAVID LEVERMORE,

University of Maryland,

Chair

MASSOUD AMIN,

University of Minnesota

TANYA STYBLO BEDER,

SB Consulting Corporation

MARSHA J. BERGER,

New York University

PHILIP A. BERNSTEIN,

Microsoft Corporation

PATRICIA FLATLEY BRENNAN,

University of Wisconsin

EMERY N. BROWN,

Massachusetts General Hospital

GUNNAR E. CARLSSON,

Stanford University

BRENDA L. DIETRICH,

IBM T.J. Watson Research Center

DEBRA ELKINS,

Allstate Insurance Company

SUSAN J. FRIEDLANDER,

University of Southern California

JOHN GEWEKE,

University of Iowa

DARRYLL HENDRICKS,

UBS Investment Bank

PETER WILCOX JONES,

Yale University

KAREN KAFADAR,

Indiana University

CHARLES M. LUCAS,

AIG (retired)

DONALD G. SAARI,

University of California at Irvine

J.B. SILVERS,

Case Western Reserve University

GEORGE SUGIHARA,

Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California at San Diego

Staff

SCOTT WEIDMAN, Director

NEAL GLASSMAN, Senior Program Officer

BARBARA WRIGHT, Administrative Assistant

For more information on the Board on Mathematical Sciences and Their Applications, see its Web site at http://www.nationalacademies.org/bms, write to BMSA, National Research Council, 500 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20001, call (202) 334-2421, or send e-mail to bms@nas.edu.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2009. Evaluation of NSF's Program of Grants for Vertical Integration of Research and Education in the Mathematical Sciences (VIGRE). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12716.
×

Preface

The National Science Foundation (NSF) requested that the National Research Council’s (NRC’s) Board on Mathematical Sciences and Their Applications assess NSF’s program, Grants for Vertical Integration of Research and Education in the Mathematical Sciences (VIGRE). The NRC established a study committee with the following charge:

  1. Review the goals of the VIGRE program and evaluate how well the program is designed to address those goals;

  2. Evaluate past and current practices at NSF for steering and assessing the VIGRE program;

  3. Draw tentative conclusions about the program’s achievements based on the data collected to date;

  4. Evaluate NSF’s plans for future data-driven assessments and identify data collection priorities that will, over time, build understanding of how well the program is attaining its goals; and

  5. Offer recommendations for improvements to the program and NSF’s ongoing monitoring of it.

Through four meetings over the course of nearly 2 years, the Committee to Evaluate the NSF’s Vertically Integrated Grants for Research and Education (VIGRE) Program collected and analyzed a broad range of inputs to develop this consensus report.

This report has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the National Research Council’s Report Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making its published report as sound as possible and to ensure that the report meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process.

We wish to thank the following individuals for their review of this report:

James A. Carlson, Clay Mathematics Institute,

Richard T. Durrett, Cornell University,

Page viii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2009. Evaluation of NSF's Program of Grants for Vertical Integration of Research and Education in the Mathematical Sciences (VIGRE). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12716.
×

Michael E. Fisher, University of Maryland,

Irene M. Gamba, University of Texas at Austin,

Roger E. Howe, Yale University,

Leon M. Keer, Northwestern University,

Sallie Keller-McNulty, Rice University, and

Thomas M. Liggett, University of California at Los Angeles.

Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the conclusions or recommendations, nor did they see the final draft of the report before its release. The review of this report was overseen by Ronald G. Douglas, Texas A&M University, College Station, and by John C. Bailar, University of Chicago. Appointed by the NRC, they were responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this report was carried out in accordance with institutional procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content of this report rests entirely with the authoring committee and the institution.

The committee thanks the members of the National Research Council staff who provided extensive input during the project. Thanks are also extended to all presenters who participated in the committee’s meetings for sharing their thoughts and experiences regarding the VIGRE program. The committee would also like to thank all those who responded to its requests for information, including mathematics, applied mathematics, and statistics department chairs, and the experts who conducted site visits. James Maxwell of the American Mathematical Society (AMS) graciously provided AMS data and assisted the committee in contacting department chairs. Henry Warchall of the National Science Foundation answered many questions posed by the committee and provided key data.


William E. Kirwan, Chair

Committee to Evaluate the NSF’s Vertically Integrated Grants for Research and Education (VIGRE) Program

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2009. Evaluation of NSF's Program of Grants for Vertical Integration of Research and Education in the Mathematical Sciences (VIGRE). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12716.
×
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2009. Evaluation of NSF's Program of Grants for Vertical Integration of Research and Education in the Mathematical Sciences (VIGRE). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12716.
×
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2009. Evaluation of NSF's Program of Grants for Vertical Integration of Research and Education in the Mathematical Sciences (VIGRE). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12716.
×

List of Figures, Tables, and Boxes

FIGURES

1-1

 

Conceptual model of the Grants for Vertical Integration of Research and Education in the Mathematical Sciences (VIGRE) program,

 

9

2-1

 

Total academic research and development (R&D) expenditures and percentage of the federally financed R&D expenditures in mathematics and statistics in the United States, 1980-1998,

 

23

2-2

 

Sources of support to full-time graduate students in mathematics and statistics in the United States, 1980-1998,

 

24

2-3

 

Mechanisms of support for full-time graduate students in mathematics and statistics in the United States, 1980-1998,

 

25

2-4

 

Percentage of academic doctorate holders in mathematics in the United States with federal support, 1981-1999,

 

28

2-5

 

Full-time graduate students in mathematics and statistics at doctorate-granting institutions in the United States, 1980-1998,

 

30

2-6

 

Percentage of full-time graduate students in mathematics and statistics in the United States who are U.S. citizens and permanent residents, underrepresented minorities, or female, 1980-1998,

 

30

2-7

 

Number of degrees awarded in the mathematical sciences in the United States, 1980-1998, by degree level,

 

31

2-8

 

Percentage of mathematics and statistics doctorates awarded in the United States, by gender, race, and citizenship, 1980-1998,

 

31

2-9

 

Number of postdoctorates in mathematics and statistics at doctorate-granting institutions in the United States, 1980-1998,

 

32

5-1

 

Number of VIGRE proposals and new awards and percentage of successful applications,

 

64

5-2

 

Grants for the Vertical Integration of Research and Education in the Mathematical Sciences, 1999-2006,

 

65

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2009. Evaluation of NSF's Program of Grants for Vertical Integration of Research and Education in the Mathematical Sciences (VIGRE). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12716.
×

D-1

 

National Science Foundation support to full-time graduate students in mathematics and statistics at doctorate-granting institutions as a percentage of federal support, 1980-2006,

 

106

D-2

 

Full-time graduate students in mathematics and statistics at doctorate-granting institutions in the United States, 1980-2006,

 

107

D-3

 

Full-time and first-year graduate students in Groups I, II, III, and Va, fall 1998 to fall 2007,

 

108

D-4

 

Percentage of full-time graduate students in mathematics and statistics at doctorate-granting institutions in the United States who are U.S. citizens/permanent residents, underrepresented minorities, or female, 1980-2006,

 

108

D-5

 

Number of degrees awarded in the mathematical sciences in the United States, 1980-2006, by degree level,

 

109

D-6

 

Percentage of mathematics and statistics doctorates in the United States, by gender, race, and citizenship, 1980-2006,

 

110

D-7

 

Number of postdoctoral fellows in mathematics and statistics at doctorate-granting institutions in the United States, 1980-2006,

 

111

TABLES

1-1

 

Potential Indicators of VIGRE Achievement,

 

11

2-1

 

Federal Obligations to U.S. Universities and Colleges for Research in Mathematical Sciences, 1980-1998,

 

23

2-2

 

Percentage of Each Mechanism of Support for Full-Time Graduate Students in Mathematics and Statistics in the United States That Comes from Federal Sources, 1980-1998,

 

26

2-3

 

Mechanisms of Support by the National Science Foundation for Full-Time Graduate Students in Mathematics and Statistics in the United States, 1980-1998,

 

27

2-4

 

Number of Postdoctorates Supported in Mathematics and Statistics in the United States, 1980-1998, by Mechanism of Support,

 

28

2-5

 

New Doctorate Recipients with Definite Commitments to Postdoctoral Study or Research, by Broad Field of Doctorate: 1982, 1993-1998,

 

32

2-6

 

Median Years from Bachelor’s Degree to Doctoral Degree in Mathematics in the United States, 1980-1998,

 

34

3-1

 

VIGRE Awardees, 1999-2012, by Institution, Department, and Academic Grant Years,

 

44

5-1

 

VIGRE Grants Received Among 25 Top-Ranked Mathematics Departments Since the Inception of the VIGRE Program in 1998,

 

58

5-2

 

Number of Proposals from One or More Departments at an Institution That Never Received a VIGRE Award, by Year, 1999-2008,

 

64

5-3

 

Number of Unfunded Proposals from Institutions, Among Those That Never Received a VIGRE Award,

 

64

5-4

 

VIGRE Awards by Department Type, 1999-2008,

 

67

5-5

 

Trends in Departments That Received a VIGRE Award,

 

69

B-1

 

Federally Financed and Total Academic Research and Education Expenditures in Mathematics and Statistics, 1980-1998,

 

89

Page xiii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2009. Evaluation of NSF's Program of Grants for Vertical Integration of Research and Education in the Mathematical Sciences (VIGRE). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12716.
×

B-2

 

Sources and Mechanisms of Support for Full-Time Graduate Students in Mathematics and Statistics Doctorate-Granting Institutions in the United States, 1980-1998,

 

90

B-3

 

Mathematics Doctorate Holders Employed in Academia in the United States, 1981-1999,

 

92

B-4

 

Number and Percentage of Full-Time Graduate Students in Mathematics and Statistics at Doctorate-Granting Institutions in the United States, by Gender, Race, and Citizenship, 1980-2006,

 

93

B-5

 

Degrees Awarded in Mathematical Sciences in the United States, 1980-2006, by Degree Level,

 

94

B-6

 

Number and Percentage of Mathematics and Statistics Doctorates in the United States, by Gender, Race, and Citizenship, 1980-2006,

 

95

B-7

 

Number and Percentage of Doctorates in Mathematical Sciences in the United States Received by U.S. Citizens, 1980-1981 to 2007-2008,

 

96

B-8

 

Number and Percentage of Doctorates in Mathematical Sciences in the United States, 1980-1981 to 1998-1999, by Gender,

 

97

B-9

 

Number of Postdoctoral Fellows in Mathematics and Statistics at Doctorate-Granting Institutions in the United States, 1980-2006,

 

98

D-1

 

National Science Foundation Share of Federal Funding to Universities and Colleges for Research in the Mathematical Sciences, 1999-2005,

 

106

D-2

 

Percentage of National Science Foundation Support for Full-Time Graduate Students in Mathematics and Statistics, 1999-2006, by Mechanism of Support,

 

107

D-3

 

Median Years Elapsed from Bachelor’s to Doctoral Degree in Mathematics, 1999-2003,

 

109

D-4

 

New Doctorate Recipients with Definite Commitments to Postdoctoral Study or Research, by Broad Field of Doctorate: 1999-2005,

 

111

D-5

 

“VIGRE-like” Activities of Departments That Did Not Receive a VIGRE Award,

 

112

BOXES

1-1

 

Data Now Requested with Proposals to the National Science Foundation’s Program of Grants for Vertical Integration of Research and Education (VIGRE),

 

14

4-1

 

Guidance from the National Science Foundation to Departments Preparing for a Pre-Award Site Visit,

 

51

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2009. Evaluation of NSF's Program of Grants for Vertical Integration of Research and Education in the Mathematical Sciences (VIGRE). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12716.
×

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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2009. Evaluation of NSF's Program of Grants for Vertical Integration of Research and Education in the Mathematical Sciences (VIGRE). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12716.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2009. Evaluation of NSF's Program of Grants for Vertical Integration of Research and Education in the Mathematical Sciences (VIGRE). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12716.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2009. Evaluation of NSF's Program of Grants for Vertical Integration of Research and Education in the Mathematical Sciences (VIGRE). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12716.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2009. Evaluation of NSF's Program of Grants for Vertical Integration of Research and Education in the Mathematical Sciences (VIGRE). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12716.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2009. Evaluation of NSF's Program of Grants for Vertical Integration of Research and Education in the Mathematical Sciences (VIGRE). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12716.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2009. Evaluation of NSF's Program of Grants for Vertical Integration of Research and Education in the Mathematical Sciences (VIGRE). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12716.
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Page viii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2009. Evaluation of NSF's Program of Grants for Vertical Integration of Research and Education in the Mathematical Sciences (VIGRE). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12716.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2009. Evaluation of NSF's Program of Grants for Vertical Integration of Research and Education in the Mathematical Sciences (VIGRE). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12716.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2009. Evaluation of NSF's Program of Grants for Vertical Integration of Research and Education in the Mathematical Sciences (VIGRE). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12716.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2009. Evaluation of NSF's Program of Grants for Vertical Integration of Research and Education in the Mathematical Sciences (VIGRE). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12716.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2009. Evaluation of NSF's Program of Grants for Vertical Integration of Research and Education in the Mathematical Sciences (VIGRE). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12716.
×
Page R12
Page xiii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2009. Evaluation of NSF's Program of Grants for Vertical Integration of Research and Education in the Mathematical Sciences (VIGRE). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12716.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2009. Evaluation of NSF's Program of Grants for Vertical Integration of Research and Education in the Mathematical Sciences (VIGRE). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12716.
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In 1998, the National Science Foundation (NSF) launched a program of Grants for Vertical Integration of Research and Education in the Mathematical Sciences (VIGRE). These grants were designed for institutions with PhD-granting departments in the mathematical sciences, for the purpose of developing high-quality education programs, at all levels, that are vertically integrated with the research activities of these departments. To date, more than 50 departments at 40 institutions have received VIGRE awards.

As requested by NSF, the present volume reviews the goals of the VIGRE program and evaluates how well the program is designed to address those goals. The book considers past and current practices for assessing the VIGRE program; draws tentative conclusions about the program's achievements based on the data collected to date; and evaluates NSF's plans for future data-driven assessments. In addition, critical policy and programmatic changes for the program are identified, with recommendations for how to address these changes.

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