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Science and Technology for Environmental Cleanup at Hanford (2001)

Chapter: Appendix D: Acronyms

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2001. Science and Technology for Environmental Cleanup at Hanford. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10220.
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D Acronyms AEA Atomic Energy Act (1954) CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act CFR Code of Federal Regulations DNAPL dense non aqueous phase liquid DOE U.S. Department of Energy DQO Data Quality Objectives DST double-shell tank DWPF Defense Waste Processing Facility (Savannah River vitrification plant) EM Office of Environmental Management EMSP Environmental Management Science Program EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ERDF Environmental Restoration Disposal Facility FY fiscal year GAO U.S. General Accounting Office HOW Hanford Defined Wastes HEIS Hanford Environmental Information System HLW high-level waste INEEL Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory IPEP Integration Project Expert Panel IRIS Integrated Risk Information System (EPA) LLW low-level waste NRC National Research Council PNNL Pacific Northwest National Laboratory PUREX Plutonium and Uranium Extraction RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act ROD record of decision SAC System Assessment Capability SST single-shell tank S&T Science and Technology STCG Site Technology Coordination Group SWITS Solid Waste Inventory Tracking System TCD Tank Characterization Database TRAC Track Radioactive Component TWRS Tank Waste Remediation System USGS U.S. Geological Survey WIDS Waste Inventory Data System WIPP Waste Isolation Pilot Plant WSTB Water Science and Technology Board 180

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The Hanford Site was established by the federal government in 1943 as part of the secret wartime effort to produce plutonium for nuclear weapons. The site operated for about four decades and produced roughly two thirds of the 100 metric tons of plutonium in the U.S. inventory. Millions of cubic meters of radioactive and chemically hazardous wastes, the by-product of plutonium production, were stored in tanks and ancillary facilities at the site or disposed or discharged to the subsurface, the atmosphere, or the Columbia River.

In the late 1980s, the primary mission of the Hanford Site changed from plutonium production to environmental restoration. The federal government, through the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), began to invest human and financial resources to stabilize and, where possible, remediate the legacy of environmental contamination created by the defense mission. During the past few years, this financial investment has exceeded $1 billion annually. DOE, which is responsible for cleanup of the entire weapons complex, estimates that the cleanup program at Hanford will last until at least 2046 and will cost U.S. taxpayers on the order of $85 billion.

Science and Technology for Environmental Cleanup at Hanford provides background information on the Hanford Site and its Integration Project,discusses the System Assessment Capability, an Integration Project-developed risk assessment tool to estimate quantitative effects of contaminant releases, and reviews the technical elements of the scierovides programmatic-level recommendations.

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