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Suggested Citation:"Appendix Tables." National Research Council. 2001. Capitalizing on New Needs and New Opportunities: Government-Industry Partnerships in Biotechnology and Information Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10281.
×

APPENDIX TABLES

Suggested Citation:"Appendix Tables." National Research Council. 2001. Capitalizing on New Needs and New Opportunities: Government-Industry Partnerships in Biotechnology and Information Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10281.
×
This page in the original is blank.
Suggested Citation:"Appendix Tables." National Research Council. 2001. Capitalizing on New Needs and New Opportunities: Government-Industry Partnerships in Biotechnology and Information Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10281.
×

Appendix Tables

TABLE 1 Federal funding of R&D and Research (in constant 1999 dollars)

 

1999 Dollars:

GDP

Current Dollars:

 

R&D

Research

Deflator

R&D

Research

1980

61.880

21.717

0.5340

33.044

11.597

 

63.721

20.849

0.5858

37.327

12.213

1982

61.803

20.775

0.6268

38.738

13.022

 

61.192

21.783

0.6544

40.042

14.254

1984

67.808

22.077

0.6785

46.007

14.979

 

73.810

23.017

0.7009

51.734

16.133

1986

76.096

22.990

0.7178

54.621

16.502

 

79.515

24.326

0.7375

58.645

17.941

1988

80.132

24.486

0.7617

61.033

18.650

 

81.276

26.255

0.7909

64.284

20.766

1990

80.963

26.346

0.8207

66.446

21.622

 

80.628

28.110

0.8526

68.747

23.968

1992

82.222

27.991

0.8750

71.941

24.491

 

81.406

30.017

0.8959

72.928

26.891

1994

77.658

29.950

0.9152

71.074

27.411

 

75.876

30.409

0.9351

70.948

28.434

1996

74.659

29.631

0.9537

71.206

28.260

 

76.037

30.201

0.9723

73.934

29.366

1998

77.007

31.356

0.9862

75.942

30.922

 

80.171

33.528

1.0000

80.171

33.528

2000a

82.186

35.643

1.0193

83.769

36.330

SOURCES: For R&D: http://www.aaas.org/spp/dspp/rd/hist02p.pdf For research: Tables C-95, C-95a, C-98, C-98a in NSF, Federal Funds for Research and Development, Fiscal Years 1999, 2000, and 2001. Volume 49. For deflator, Table 10.1 in OMB, Historical Tables, Budget of the United States Government, Fiscal Year 2002. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2001.

aPreliminary

Suggested Citation:"Appendix Tables." National Research Council. 2001. Capitalizing on New Needs and New Opportunities: Government-Industry Partnerships in Biotechnology and Information Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10281.
×

TABLE 2 Federal Funding of Research, by Selected Agencies, FY 1990–2000 (in billions of 1999 dollars)

 

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000a

All

26.3

28.1

28.0

30.0

30.0

30.4

29.6

30.2

31.4

33.5

35.6

All but NIH

18.6

20.2

19.5

20.4

20.0

20.4

19.3

19.4

19.9

20.7

21.2

NIH

7.7

8.0

8.5

9.6

9.9

10.0

10.4

10.8

11.4

12.9

14.4

DOD

4.3

4.4

4.7

5.3

4.6

4.5

4.2

3.9

4.0

4.1

4.4

DOE

3.1

3.8

3.9

3.8

3.6

3.7

3.5

3.7

3.8

3.9

4.1

SOURCE: National Science Foundation/SRS, Survey of Federal Funds for Research and Development: Fiscal Years 1999, 2000, and 2001.

NOTE: Constant dollar conversions were made using the fiscal year GDP deflators in OMB, Historical Tables, Budget of the United States Government, Fiscal Year 2002. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2001, Table 10.1. They are: FY 1990=.8207, FY 1991=.8526, FY 1992=.8750, FY 1993=.8959, FY 1994=.9152, FY 1995=.9351, FY 1996=.9537, FY 1997=.9723, FY 1998=.9862, FY 1999=1.0000, FY 2000=1.0204.

aPreliminary

Suggested Citation:"Appendix Tables." National Research Council. 2001. Capitalizing on New Needs and New Opportunities: Government-Industry Partnerships in Biotechnology and Information Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10281.
×

TABLE 3 Federal Obligations for Research in Selected Fields, FY 1990–1999 (in millions of 1999 dollars)

 

Change, FY90–99

Change, FY93–99

 

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

Amount

Percent

Amount

Percent

Biological sciences

5.1

5.2

5.1

5.3

5.2

5.3

5.6

5.5

5.8

6.5

1.4

28.3%

1.1

21.2%

Medical sciences

4.1

4.1

4.5

4.9

5.3

5.3

5.2

5.7

6.1

6.8

2.7

65.0%

1.9

38.3%

Electrical engineering

0.8

0.9

0.9

1.0

0.8

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.6

0.7

–0.1

–10.4%

–0.3

–29.0%

Computer science

0.7

0.7

0.9

0.9

0.9

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

1.5

0.8

121.3%

0.6

64.4%

SOURCE: National Science Foundation/SRS, Survey of Federal Funds for Research and Development: Fiscal Years 1999, 2000, and 2001.

NOTE: Constant dollar conversions were made using the GDP deflators provided by OMB in January 2001: FY 1990=.8207, FY 1991=.8526, FY 1992=.8750, FY 1993=.8959, FY 1994=.9152, FY 1995=.9351, FY 1996=.9537, FY 1997=.9723, FY 1998=.9862, FY 1999=1.0000.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix Tables." National Research Council. 2001. Capitalizing on New Needs and New Opportunities: Government-Industry Partnerships in Biotechnology and Information Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10281.
×

TABLE 4a Federal Obligations for Biological Sciences Research, by Agency, FY 1990–1999 (in millions of 1999 dollars)a

 

Change, FY90–99

Change, FY93–99

 

 

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

Amount

Percent

Amount

Percent

USDA

141.8

166.7

155.9

161.1

145.5

139.2

125.0

150.7

130.6

152.7

10.8

7.6%

–8.4

–5.2

Commerce

0.0

12.0

26.3

18.6

24.7

40.5

61.0

25.6

36.0

37.5

37.5

NA

18.9

102.0

DOD

71.6

77.6

82.2

96.6

60.1

64.9

63.6

67.8

139.2

161.9

90.4

126.3%

65.4

67.7

DOE

194.3

178.0

186.3

201.7

184.8

212.7

196.3

167.3

191.8

188.8

–5.5

–2.8%

–12.9

–6.4

DHHS

4,143.7

4,274.3

4,074.1

4,404.0

4,245.2

4,284.6

4,626.6

4,555.8

4,792.5

5,358.3

1,214.6

29.3%

954.3

21.7

NIH

3,730.7

3,749.7

3,931.6

4,252.9

4,076.6

4,121.5

4,460.2

4,392.7

4,647.6

5,227.5

1,496.8

40.1%

974.5

22.9

Interior

63.6

55.8

55.8

52.8

89.0

81.4

73.4

78.1

62.8

82.0

18.4

29.0%

29.2

55.4

EPA

89.9

109.7

119.9

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

52.2

–37.6

–41.9%

52.2

0.0

NASA

58.6

72.6

63.5

113.9

120.7

124.5

113.7

116.4

128.6

125.5

66.8

113.9%

11.5

10.1

NSF

226.5

217.4

249.7

239.3

252.9

258.3

244.3

247.2

285.9

302.2

75.7

33.4%

62.9

26.3

All Others

60.2

64.3

55.0

58.6

62.7

61.2

63.9

62.9

19.0

16.6

–43.5

–72.3%

–42.0

–71.6

TOTAL

5,050.1

5,228.5

5,068.6

5,346.5

5,185.5

5,267.2

5,567.7

5,471.8

5,786.4

6,477.6

1,427.5

28.3%

1,131.2

21.2

All but NIH

1,319.4

1,478.8

1,137.0

1,093.5

1,108.9

1,145.7

1,107.5

1,079.1

1,138.8

1,250.2

–69.3

–5.3%

156.6

14.3

SOURCE: National Science Foundation/SRS, Survey of Federal Funds for Research and Development: Fiscal Years 1999, 2000, and 2001.

NOTE: Constant dollar conversions were made using the GDP deflators provided by OMB in January 2001: FY 1990=.8207, FY 1991=.8526, FY 1992=.8750, FY 1993=.8959, FY 1994=.9152, FY 1995=.9351, FY 1996=.9537, FY 1997=.9723, FY 1998=.9862, FY 1999=1.0000.

aBiological sciences includes anatomy, biochemistry, biology, biometry and biostatistics, biophysics, botany, cell biology, entomology and parasitology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience (biological), nutrition, physiology, zoology, and other biological disciplines. It excludes environmental and agricultural disciplines.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix Tables." National Research Council. 2001. Capitalizing on New Needs and New Opportunities: Government-Industry Partnerships in Biotechnology and Information Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10281.
×

TABLE 4b Federal Obligations for Biological Sciences Research, FY 1990–1999 (in millions of current dollars)a

 

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

USDA

116.4

142.1

136.4

144.3

133.1

130.2

119.2

146.5

128.8

152.7

Commerce

0.0

10.3

23.0

16.6

22.6

37.9

58.2

24.9

35.5

37.5

DOD

58.7

66.2

71.9

86.5

55.0

60.7

60.7

65.9

137.3

161.9

DOE

159.4

151.7

163.0

180.7

169.2

198.9

187.2

162.7

189.1

188.8

DHHS

3,400.7

3,644.3

3,564.9

3,945.5

3,885.2

4,006.5

4,412.4

4,429.6

4,726.4

5,358.3

NIH

3,061.8

3,197.0

3,440.2

3,810.2

3,730.9

3,854.0

4,253.7

4,271.0

4,583.4

5,227.5

Interior

52.2

47.6

48.8

47.3

81.5

76.1

70.0

75.9

61.9

82.0

EPA

73.7

93.6

104.9

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

52.2

NASA

48.1

61.9

55.5

102.1

110.4

116.4

108.4

113.1

126.8

125.5

NSF

185.9

185.3

218.5

214.4

231.4

241.5

233.0

240.4

282.0

302.2

All Others

49.4

54.9

48.1

52.5

57.4

57.2

60.9

61.1

18.7

16.6

TOTAL

4,144.6

4,457.8

4,435.1

4,789.9

4,745.8

4,925.4

5,309.9

5,320.2

5,706.6

6,477.6

All but NIH

1,083

1,261

995

980

1,015

1,071

1,056

1,049

1,123

1,250

SOURCE: National Science Foundation/SRS, Survey of Federal Funds for Research and Development: Fiscal Years 1999, 2000, and 2001.

aBiological sciences includes anatomy, biochemistry, biology, biometry and biostatistics, biophysics, botany, cell biology, entomology and parasitology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience (biological), nutrition, physiology, zoology, and other biological disciplines. It excludes environmental and agricultural disciplines.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix Tables." National Research Council. 2001. Capitalizing on New Needs and New Opportunities: Government-Industry Partnerships in Biotechnology and Information Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10281.
×

TABLE 5a Federal Obligations for Medical Sciences Research, by Agency, FY 1990–1999 (in millions of 1999 dollars)a

 

Change, FY90–99

Change, FY93–99

 

 

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

Amount

Percent

Amount

Percent

USDA

29.9

25.7

33.4

32.9

32.6

29.5

26.0

24.0

24.6

24.7

–5.2

–17.4%

–8.2

–24.8%

Commerce

1.7

3.0

1.9

4.8

5.2

20.6

17.6

22.2

11.5

8.2

6.5

NA

3.4

69.1%

DOD

202.3

210.6

252.5

248.4

248.9

219.8

162.0

176.3

258.5

224.4

22.1

10.9%

–24.0

–9.7%

DOE

44.9

135.6

141.8

54.6

77.4

50.7

47.4

53.8

54.4

53.0

8.1

17.9%

–1.6

–2.9%

DHHS

3,494.9

3,366.0

3,658.8

4,104.9

4,530.5

4,656.0

4,617.2

5,077.3

5,358.5

6,091.4

2,596.5

74.3%

1,986.5

48.4%

NIH

3,077.5

2,983.5

3,449.8

3,876.4

4,250.4

4,253.7

4,254.3

4,685.1

4,957.0

5,575.5

2,498.1

81.2%

1,699.1

43.8%

Interior

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0%

0.0

0.0%

EPA

23.0

13.2

15.3

19.1

20.1

22.5

20.9

22.1

25.4

0.3

–22.8

–98.9%

–18.9

0.0%

NASA

63.5

83.4

72.2

116.1

123.0

126.8

113.0

124.8

123.3

118.2

54.8

86.3%

2.1

1.8%

NSF

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0%

0.0

0.0%

All Others

261.1

221.1

292.5

335.4

275.0

191.3

210.7

190.0

224.0

281.0

19.9

7.6%

–54.4

–16.2%

TOTAL

4,121.3

4,058.5

4,468.5

4,916.2

5,312.6

5,317.3

5,214.8

5,690.4

6,080.2

6,801.2

2,679.9

65.0%

1,885.0

38.3%

All but NIH

626.4

692.5

809.7

811.3

782.2

661.3

597.6

613.0

721.8

709.8

83.4

13.3%

–101.5

–12.5%

SOURCE: National Science Foundation/SRS, Survey of Federal Funds for Research and Development: Fiscal Years 1999, 2000, and 2001.

NOTE: Constant dollar conversions were made using the GDP deflators provided by OMB in January 2001: FY 1990=.8207, FY 1991=.8526, FY 1992=.8750, FY 1993=.8959, FY 1994=.9152, FY 1995=.9351, FY 1996=.9537, FY 1997=.9723, FY 1998=.9862, FY 1999=1.0000.

aMedical sciences includes dentistry, internal medicine, neurology, obstetrics and gynecology, ophthalmology, otolaryngology, pathology, pediatrics, pharmacology, pharmacy, preventive medicine, psychiatry, radiology, surgery, veterinary medicine, and other medical disciplines.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix Tables." National Research Council. 2001. Capitalizing on New Needs and New Opportunities: Government-Industry Partnerships in Biotechnology and Information Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10281.
×

TABLE 5b Federal Obligations for Medical Sciences Research, by Agency, FY 1990– 1999 (in current dollars)a

 

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

USDA

24.5

21.9

29.2

29.4

29.8

27.6

24.8

23.3

24.3

24.7

Commerce

1.4

2.6

1.7

4.3

4.8

19.3

16.8

21.6

11.3

8.2

DOD

166.1

179.6

220.9

222.6

227.8

205.6

154.5

171.4

255.0

224.4

DOE

36.9

115.6

124.1

48.9

70.8

47.4

45.2

52.3

53.7

53.0

DHHS

2,868.3

2,869.9

3,201.5

3,677.5

4,146.3

4,353.8

4,403.4

4,936.7

5,284.5

6,091.4

NIH

2,525.7

2,543.7

3,018.6

3,472.9

3,890.0

3,977.6

4,057.4

4,555.4

4,888.6

5,575.5

Interior

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

EPA

18.9

11.3

13.4

17.1

18.4

21.1

20.0

21.5

25.0

0.3

NASA

52.1

71.1

63.2

104.0

112.6

118.6

107.8

121.3

121.6

118.2

NSF

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

All Others

214.3

188.5

256.0

300.5

251.7

178.8

200.9

184.7

220.9

281.0

TOTAL

3,382.4

3,460.3

3,909.9

4,404.4

4,862.1

4,972.2

4,973.4

5,532.7

5,996.3

6,801.2

 

514

590

708

727

716

618

570

 

SOURCE: National Science Foundation/SRS, Survey of Federal Funds for Research and Development: Fiscal Years 1999, 2000, and 2001.

aMedical sciences includes dentistry, internal medicine, neurology, obstetrics and gynecology, ophthalmology, otolaryngology, pathology, pediatrics, pharmacology, pharmacy, preventive medicine, psychiatry, radiology, surgery, veterinary medicine, and other medical disciplines.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix Tables." National Research Council. 2001. Capitalizing on New Needs and New Opportunities: Government-Industry Partnerships in Biotechnology and Information Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10281.
×

TABLE 6a Federal Obligations for Computer Sciences Research, by Agency, FY 1990–1999 (in millions of 1999 dollars)

 

Change, FY90–99

Change, FY93–99

 

 

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

Amount

Percent

Amount

Percent

USDA

1.7

1.7

2.9

2.6

2.8

2.7

2.2

0.0

0.0

0.0

–1.7

–100.0

–2.6

–100.0%

Commerce

6.1

15.8

22.3

26.0

34.9

89.6

60.4

61.8

58.4

58.6

52.6

NA

32.6

125.3%

DOD

432.8

338.4

488.8

528.0

518.6

636.4

506.8

538.5

569.5

538.0

105.2

24.3

10.0

1.9%

DOE

27.8

102.4

132.9

115.4

97.9

103.9

210.8

327.6

401.3

506.3

478.5

1721.7

390.9

338.7%

DHHS

1.6

1.1

1.8

23.6

14.5

37.3

56.3

60.2

67.3

75.1

73.5

4646.0

51.5

217.8%

NIH

0.2

0.0

1.8

20.1

0.9

25.9

46.0

52.0

55.0

61.9

61.7

27213.9

41.8

208.5%

Interior

12.4

14.4

11.8

12.1

15.2

14.7

14.8

15.8

6.1

4.5

–7.9

64.0

–7.6

–63.2%

EPA

5.2

5.3

6.6

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

6.4

1.3

25.0

6.4

0.0%

NASA

55.1

59.9

50.1

26.6

28.2

29.1

27.6

28.4

25.6

25.2

–29.9

–54.3

–1.5

–5.6%

NSF

132.9

124.6

140.8

141.8

159.0

132.7

265.6

248.4

270.6

297.1

164.1

123.5

155.3

109.5%

All Others

9.5

22.6

24.1

46.0

35.9

37.9

29.8

20.0

19.5

4.9

–4.6

–47.9

–41.0

–89.2%

TOTAL

684.9

686.1

882.0

922.1

907.1

1,084.2

1,174.2

1,300.7

1,418.3

1,516.1

831.1

121.3

594.0

64.4%

SOURCE: National Science Foundation/SRS, Survey of Federal Funds for Research and Development: Fiscal Years 1999, 2000, and 2001.

NOTE: Constant dollar conversions were made using the GDP deflators provided by OMB in January 2001: FY 1990=.8207, FY 1991=.8526, FY 1992=.8750, FY 1993=.8959, FY 1994=.9152, FY 1995=.9351, FY 1996=.9537, FY 1997=.9723, FY 1998=.9862, FY 1999=1.0000.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix Tables." National Research Council. 2001. Capitalizing on New Needs and New Opportunities: Government-Industry Partnerships in Biotechnology and Information Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10281.
×

TABLE 6b Federal Obligations for Computer Sciences Research, by Agency, FY 1990–1999 (in current dollars)

 

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

USDA

1.4

1.4

2.5

2.3

2.6

2.5

2.1

0.0

0.0

0.0

Commerce

5.0

13.5

19.5

23.3

32.0

83.8

57.6

60.1

57.6

58.6

DOD

355.2

288.6

427.7

473.0

474.6

595.1

483.3

523.5

561.7

538.0

DOE

22.8

87.3

116.3

103.4

89.6

97.2

201.0

318.6

395.8

506.3

DHHS

1.3

0.9

1.6

21.2

13.3

34.8

53.7

58.5

66.3

75.1

NIH

0.2

0.0

1.6

18.0

0.9

24.2

43.8

50.6

54.3

61.9

Interior

10.1

12.2

10.3

10.8

13.9

13.8

14.1

15.4

6.0

4.5

EPA

4.2

4.5

5.8

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

6.4

NASA

45.2

51.1

43.8

23.9

25.8

27.2

26.3

27.6

25.3

25.2

NSF

109.1

106.2

123.2

127.0

145.5

124.1

253.3

241.5

266.8

297.1

All Others

7.8

19.2

21.1

41.2

32.9

35.4

28.5

19.5

19.3

4.9

TOTAL

562.1

584.9

771.8

826.1

830.2

1,013.9

1,119.8

1,264.7

1,398.7

1,516.1

 

SOURCE: National Science Foundation/SRS, Survey of Federal Funds for Research and Development: Fiscal Years 1999, 2000, and 2001.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix Tables." National Research Council. 2001. Capitalizing on New Needs and New Opportunities: Government-Industry Partnerships in Biotechnology and Information Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10281.
×

TABLE 7a Federal Obligations for Electrical Engineering Research, by Agency, FY 1990–1999 (in millions of 1999 dollars)

 

Change, FY90–99

Change, FY93–99

 

 

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

Amount

Percent

Amount

Percent

USDA

0.5

0.7

0.8

0.8

0.5

0.5

0.4

0.6

0.6

0.6

0.1

23.6%

–0.2

–23.5%

Commerce

15.1

17.9

23.8

26.8

31.3

60.3

51.6

51.6

42.1

41.5

26.4

NA

14.7

55.0%

DOD

652.0

685.4

702.8

807.4

628.2

601.3

548.5

487.8

514.3

555.6

–96.4

–14.8%

–251.8

–31.2%

DOE

25.7

50.3

44.3

48.1

46.1

54.9

26.0

25.0

25.6

30.8

5.1

19.8%

–17.3

–35.9%

DHHS

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0%

0.0

0.0%

NIH

0.0

0. 0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0%

0.0

0.0%

Interior

0.9

1.1

0.9

0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.2

0.6

–0.2

–26.5%

0.4

192.2%

EPA

0.5

1.0

1.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.3

–0.3

–46.4%

0.3

0.0%

NASA

14.1

19.5

16.9

23.4

24.8

25.5

25.5

25.7

20.4

19.7

5.6

40.0%

–3.7

–15.8%

NSF

60.2

67.9

60.9

66.9

72.7

61.0

41.0

43.4

40.8

46.8

–13.4

–22.2%

–20.1

–30.0%

All Others

10.9

12.1

16.1

10.3

6.8

5.1

9.1

5.7

4.2

2.7

–8.2

–74.9%

–7.6

–73.4%

TOTAL

779.9

856.1

867.4

983.9

810.5

808.8

702.2

639.9

648.3

698.7

–81.2

–10.4%

–285.2

–29.0%

SOURCE: National Science Foundation/SRS, Survey of Federal Funds for Research and Development: Fiscal Years 1999, 2000, and 2001.

NOTE: Constant dollar conversions were made using the GDP deflators provided by OMB in January 2001: FY 1990=.8207, FY 1991=.8526, FY 1992=.8750, FY 1993=.8959, FY 1994=.9152, FY 1995=.9351, FY 1996=.9537, FY 1997=.9723, FY 1998=.9862, FY 1999–1.0000.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix Tables." National Research Council. 2001. Capitalizing on New Needs and New Opportunities: Government-Industry Partnerships in Biotechnology and Information Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10281.
×

TABLE 7b Federal Obligations for Electrical Engineering Research, by Agency, FY 1990–1999 (in current dollars)

 

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

USDA

1.4

1.4

2.5

2.3

2.6

2.5

2.1

0.0

0.0

0.0

USDA

0.4

0.6

0.7

0.7

0.4

0.5

0.3

0.6

0.6

0.6

Commerce

12.4

15.3

20.8

24.0

28.7

56.3

49.2

50.2

41.6

41.5

DOD

535.1

584.4

615.0

723.4

574.9

562.3

523.1

474.3

507.2

555.6

DOE

21.1

42.9

38.7

43.1

42.2

51.4

24.8

24.3

25.2

30.8

DHHS

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

NIH

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

Interior

0.7

1.0

0.8

0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.2

0.6

EPA

0.5

0.9

0.8

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.3

NASA

11.5

16.6

14.8

21.0

22.7

23.9

24.4

25.0

20.1

19.7

NSF

49.4

57.9

53.3

60.0

66.5

57.0

39.1

42.2

40.2

46.8

All Others

9.0

10.3

14.1

9.2

6.2

4.8

8.7

5.5

4.2

2.7

TOTAL

640.0

729.9

759.0

881.5

741.8

756.3

669.7

622.2

639.3

698.7

 

SOURCE: National Science Foundation/SRS, Survey of Federal Funds for Research and Development: Fiscal Years 1999, 2000, and 2001.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix Tables." National Research Council. 2001. Capitalizing on New Needs and New Opportunities: Government-Industry Partnerships in Biotechnology and Information Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10281.
×

TABLE 8 National Trends in Research Funding, FY 1980–2000 (in billions of 1999 dollars)

 

1999 Dollars:

Basic research in current dollars:

 

Industry

Federal Government

Universities

Other Institutions

GDP Deflator

Industry 83

Fed 82

1980

25.7

40.2

21.9

4.0

0.5444

2,255

10,913

27.3

37.0

20.4

3.7

0.5953

2,566

10,868

27.2

36.0

20.2

3.7

0.6323

2,798

11,070

27.9

37.4

21.3

3.7

0.6574

3,116

11,736

29.5

37.7

21.5

3.8

0.6819

3,617

12,350

1985

31.1

39.5

23.2

4.0

0.7034

3,956

12,951

36.1

38.4

21.6

4.3

0.7188

5,484

13,747

34.5

38.2

21.2

4.6

0.7405

5,519

14,385

34.5

37.3

20.0

4.7

0.7656

5,329

15,115

35.0

38.0

20.4

4.9

0.7948

5,635

16,105

1990

33.1

39.0

22.0

5.0

0.8257

5,444

16,296

37.9

38.6

21.4

5.1

0.8558

7,983

17,114

35.6

36.6

19.7

5.2

0.8766

7,541

17,132

32.8

36.1

19.4

5.2

0.8977

7,587

17,450

31.0

34.7

18.4

5.4

0.9164

7,627

17,395

1995

33.9

33.3

17.5

5.5

0.9363

6,844

17,272

36.0

33.6

17.5

5.7

0.9545

8,306

18,082

41.2

32.6

16.4

5.8

0.9731

10,136

18,726

41.4

33.4

16.3

6.0

0.9852

12,979

19,970

45.4

35.3

17.5

6.3

1.0000

13,999

21,132

2000

48.2

34.6

16.6

6.4

1.0204

15,174

21,804

105.9

45.6%

32.7%

15.7%

6.1%

 

SOURCE: Table B-6 in National Patterns of R&D Resources: 2000 Data Update (NSF 01–310). See <http://www.nsf.gov/sbe/srs/nsf01309/start.htm>

NOTE: Includes basic and applied research funding. FY 2000 data are preliminary. Universities includes colleges. Other institutions includes nonprofits, state and local governments, and foreign institutions.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix Tables." National Research Council. 2001. Capitalizing on New Needs and New Opportunities: Government-Industry Partnerships in Biotechnology and Information Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10281.
×

 

Applied research in current dollars:

U&C 71

Othr 84

Othr 69

Industry 125

Fed 124

U&C 113

Othr 126

Othr 111

954

811

538

11,742

10,988

540

523

304

987

821

542

13,677

11,173

581

532

319

1,081

893

556

14,419

11,709

607

554

313

1,185

970

575

15,245

12,825

643

582

312

1,281

1,044

610

16,500

13,390

688

614

328

1,460

1,136

698

17,900

14,836

743

640

355

1,676

1,243

804

20,451

13,838

824

677

395

1,804

1,356

849

19,993

13,911

912

736

429

1,907

1,471

879

21,117

13,422

1,020

807

470

2,058

1,593

919

22,160

14,116

1,121

867

501

2,230

1,718

979

21,881

15,920

1,192

911

523

2,372

1,852

1,017

24,476

15,928

1,216

945

522

2,398

1,987

1,025

23,668

14,909

1,219

991

521

2,411

2,112

1,012

21,847

14,968

1,255

1,046

527

2,505

2,249

1,032

20,826

14,369

1,308

1,093

539

2,557

2,370

1,089

24,891

13,870

1,336

1,126

569

2,738

2,538

1,148

26,074

13,964

1,388

1,162

582

2,936

2,611

1,167

29,971

13,008

1,490

1,247

592

3,076

2,801

1,179

27,763

12,957

1,595

1,350

 

3,265

2,974

1,223

31,352

14,199

1,676

1,427

628

3,435

3,130

1,264

34,047

13,525

1,762

1,500

648

TABLE 9 Sources of Funding for Basic and Applied Research, FY 2000 (percentages)

 

Industry

Federal Government

Other Institutions

Total

Total Research

51.1

36.7

12.2

100.0

Basic Research

33.9

48.7

17.5

100.1

 

SOURCE: NSF, National Patterns of Research and Development Resources: 2000 Data Update (NSF 01–309).

Suggested Citation:"Appendix Tables." National Research Council. 2001. Capitalizing on New Needs and New Opportunities: Government-Industry Partnerships in Biotechnology and Information Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10281.
×

TABLE 10a National Investment in Life Sciences-related R&D, 1981–1998 (in millions of 1999 dollars)

 

Total

Company-funded R&D in drugs and medicines

Company-funded R&D in food, kindred, & tobacco products

Federal obligations for research in life sciences

DSS obligations for development

1981

15,004

3,467

1,068

7,452

700

1982

15,603

3,911

1,229

7,504

501

1983

16,690

4,405

1,253

7,876

479

1984

18,050

4,854

1,585

8,265

515

1985

19,227

4,949

1,615

9,046

574

1986

19,848

5,088

1,781

8,993

584

1987

21,498

5,530

1,626

9,914

731

1988

22,719

6,400

1,532

10,090

802

1989

24,295

6,935

1,565

10,688

907

1990

24,784

7,166

1,511

10,694

1,028

1991

27,393

8,118

1,492

11,243

1,705

1992

28,090

9,051

1,581

11,305

1,164

1993

30,027

10,173

1,498

12,000

1,267

1994

31,084

10,503

1,611

12,313

1,385

1995

32,162

10,896

1,673

12,615

1,454

1996

31,649

10,235

1,639

12,639

1,469

1997

34,491

11,906

1,836

13,011

1,596

1998

36,680

12,755

1,737

13,762

1,903

1981–1998

144.5%

267.9%

62.6%

84.7%

171.7%

1990–1998

48.0%

78.0%

14.9%

28.7%

85.1%

1994–1998

18.0%

21.4%

7.8%

11.8%

37.4%

SOURCES: National Science Foundation/SRS, Research and Development in Industry: 1998 (NSF 01–305). See http://www.nsf.gov/sbe/srs/nsf01305/htmstart.htm. National Science Foundation/SRS, Federal Funds for Research and Development, Fiscal Years 1999, 2000, and 2001, Vol. 49.

National Science Foundation/SRS, Academic Research and Development Expenditures: Fiscal Year 1999 [Early Release Tables]. See http://www.nsf.gov/sbe/srs/srs01407/start.htm.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix Tables." National Research Council. 2001. Capitalizing on New Needs and New Opportunities: Government-Industry Partnerships in Biotechnology and Information Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10281.
×

VA obligations for development

USDA obligations for development

AcademicR&D (not federally funded) in life sciences & bioengineering/biomedical engineering

As % of GDP

As % of Total R&D

29

55

2,232

0.285%

12.36%

22

49

2,387

0.303%

12.20%

23

46

2,607

0.310%

12.18%

26

45

2,758

0.313%

12.03%

26

45

2,971

0.321%

11.78%

22

45

3,336

0.320%

11.86%

26

39

3,633

0.336%

12.60%

25

40

3,830

0.341%

12.99%

26

45

4,128

0.352%

13.61%

27

57

4,301

0.353%

13.46%

27

71

4,737

0.392%

14.57%

26

75

4,888

0.390%

14.89%

32

85

4,973

0.406%

16.27%

27

84

5,160

0.404%

16.83%

20

87

5,418

0.407%

16.40%

22

84

5,562

0.387%

15.31%

23

102

6,017

0.404%

15.80%

8

109

6,407

0.411%

15.93%

–71.6%

95.9%

187.0%

 

–69.5%

90.8%

49.0%

 

–70.2%

29.3%

24.2%

 

Suggested Citation:"Appendix Tables." National Research Council. 2001. Capitalizing on New Needs and New Opportunities: Government-Industry Partnerships in Biotechnology and Information Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10281.
×

TABLE 10b National Investment in Life Sciences-related R&D, 1981–1998 (in current dollars)

 

Total

Company-funded R&D in drugs and medicines

Company-funded R&D in food, kindred, & tobacco products

Federal obligations for research in life sciences

DSS obligations for development*

1981

8,932

2,064

636

4,436

417

1982

9,866

2,473

777

4,745

317

1983

10,972

2,896

824

5,178

315

1984

12,308

3,310

1,081

5,636

351

1985

13,524

3,481

1,136

6,363

404

1986

14,267

3,657

1,280

6,464

420

1987

15,919

4,095

1,204

7,341

541

1988

17,394

4,900

1,173

7,725

614

1989

19,310

5,512

1,244

8,495

721

1990

20,464

5,917

1,248

8,830

849

1991

23,443

6,947

1,277

9,622

1,459

1992

24,624

7,934

1,386

9,910

1,020

1993

26,955

9,132

1,345

10,772

1,137

1994

28,485

9,625

1,476

11,284

1,269

1995

30,113

10,202

1,566

11,811

1,361

1996

30,209

9,769

1,564

12,064

1,402

1997

33,563

11,586

1,787

12,661

1,553

1998

36,137

12,566

1,711

13,558

1,875

1999

 

15,422

2,184

2000 (est.)

 

17,422

2,494

2001 (est.)

 

2,660

SOURCE: Company-funded R&D=NSF/SRS, Research and Development in Industry: 1998. NSF 01–305.

Academic R&D (not federally funded) For 1992–1999: NSF/SRS, Academic Research and Development Expenditures, Fiscal 1999 [Early Release Tables], Table B-5. For 1985–1991=Calculated from Appendix Tables 6–6 and 6–7 in NSB, Science and Engineering Indicators 2000. For 1981–1985=WebCASPAR.

Federal obligations for computer science research and electrical engineering research=NSF/SRS, Federal funds for Research and Development, Fiscal Years 1999, 2000, and 2001, Tables C-107 and C-107a.

DHHS, USD A, and VA obligations for development: NSF/SRS, Federal funds for Research and Development, Fiscal Years 1999, 2000, and 2001, Tables C-101 and C-101a.

*DHHS obligations for development exclude the social services agencies (Administration on Aging and Administration on Children and Families and the Social Security Administration when it was part of DHHS). NTH accounts for most of the rest (86 percent in 1999).

Suggested Citation:"Appendix Tables." National Research Council. 2001. Capitalizing on New Needs and New Opportunities: Government-Industry Partnerships in Biotechnology and Information Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10281.
×

VA obligations for development

USDA obligations for development

Academic R&D (not life sciences & bioengineering /biomedical engineering)

GDP

Total R&D

17

33

1,329

3,131,000

72,267

14

31

1,509

3,259,000

80,848

15

30

1,714

3,535,000

90,075

18

31

1,881

3,933,000

102,344

18

32

2,090

4,213,000

114,778

16

32

2,398

4,453,000

120,337

19

29

2,690

4,743,000

126,299

19

31

2,932

5,108,000

133,930

21

36

3,281

5,489,000

141,914

22

47

3,551

5,803,000

152,051

23

61

4,054

5,986,000

160,914

23

66

4,285

6,319,000

165,358

29

76

4,464

6,642,000

165,714

25

77

4,729

7,054,000

169,214

19

81

5,073

7,401,000

183,611

21

80

5,309

7,813,000

197,330

22

99

5,855

8,318,000

212,379

8

107

6,312

8,790,000

226,872

7

126

6,736

9,299,000

244,143

7

131

 

7

141

 

Suggested Citation:"Appendix Tables." National Research Council. 2001. Capitalizing on New Needs and New Opportunities: Government-Industry Partnerships in Biotechnology and Information Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10281.
×

TABLE 11a National Investment in Life Sciences-Related R&D, 1981–1998 (in millions of 1999 dollars)

 

Total without software

Total with software

Company-funded R&D in office, computing, & accouting machines

Company-funded R&D in electrical equipment

Company-funded R&D in computer and data processing services

Federal obligations for research in math & computer science

1981

18,811

18,811

6,462

10,766

0

469

1982

20,093

20,093

7,819

10,568

0

554

1983

22,775

22,775

8,570

12,409

0

637

1984

25,364

25,364

10,282

13,253

0

645

1985

27,176

27,176

11,968

13,180

0

817

1986

27,402

27,402

11,658

13,588

0

856

1987

27,533

27,533

11,064

14,111

0

866

1988

27,485

27,485

12,209

13,029

0

840

1989

28,048

28,048

13,494

12,047

0

925

1990

26,886

26,886

13,307

11,223

0

1,019

1991

25,011

25,011

12,175

10,359

0

1,056

1992

25,716

25,716

12,108

10,856

0

1,323

1993

21,387

21,387

5,477

13,013

0

1,365

1994

22,015

22,015

4,450

14,772

0

1,421

1995

26,318

35,445

5,019

18,221

9,126

1,686

1996

32,778

43,281

8,520

21,326

10,503

1,647

1997

39,504

51,135

13,140

23,376

11,631

1,718

1998

36,970

51,482

9,024

24,744

14,512

1,865

1981–1998

96.5%

173.7%

39.6%

129.8%

NA

297.8%

1990–1998

37.5%

91.5%

-32.2%

120.5%

NA

83.1%

1994–1998

67.9%

133.8%

102.8%

67.5%

NA

31.2%

SOURCES: National Science Foundation/SRS, Research and Development in Industry: 1998 (NSF 01–305). See http://www.nsf.gov/sbe/srs/nsf01305/htmstart.htm.

National Science Foundation/SRS, Federal Funds for Research and Development, Fiscal Years 1999, 2000, and 2001, Vol. 49.

National Science Foundation/SRS, Academic Research and Development Expenditures: Fiscal Year 1999 [Early Release Tables]. See http://www.nsf.gov/sbe/srs/srs01407/start.htm.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix Tables." National Research Council. 2001. Capitalizing on New Needs and New Opportunities: Government-Industry Partnerships in Biotechnology and Information Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10281.
×

Academic R&D in computer science & math (not federally funded)

Federal obligations for electrical engineering

Academic R&D in electrical engineering (not federally funded)

Without software

With software

As % of Total R&D

As % of GDP

As % of Total R&D

As % of GDP

99

936

79

0.358%

15.50%

0.358%

15.50%

106

968

79

0.390%

15.71%

0.390%

15.71%

117

936

105

0.424%

16.62%

0.424%

16.62%

135

924

126

0.440%

16.90%

0.440%

16.90%

165

891

155

0.454%

16.65%

0.454%

16.65%

175

938

187

0.442%

16.37%

0.442%

16.37%

216

1,061

214

0.430%

16.14%

0.430%

16.14%

220

955

233

0.412%

15.71%

0.412%

15.71%

260

1,061

262

0.406%

15.71%

0.406%

15.71%

282

775

280

0.383%

14.60%

0.383%

14.60%

284

853

284

0.358%

13.30%

0.358%

13.30%

274

866

290

0.357%

13.63%

0.357%

13.63%

282

983

267

0.289%

11.59%

0.289%

11.59%

285

810

278

0.286%

11.92%

0.286%

11.92%

292

807

294

0.333%

13.42%

0.448%

18.07%

281

702

303

0.400%

15.86%

0.529%

20.94%

298

639

332

0.462%

18.10%

0.598%

23.43%

334

649

355

0.414%

16.05%

0.577%

22.36%

236.9%

 

18.3%

 

17.3%

 

Suggested Citation:"Appendix Tables." National Research Council. 2001. Capitalizing on New Needs and New Opportunities: Government-Industry Partnerships in Biotechnology and Information Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10281.
×

TABLE 11b National Investment in Information Technology-related R&D, 1981–1998 (in millions of current dollars)

 

Total without software

Total with software

Company-funded R&D in office, computing, & accouting machines

Company-funded R&D in electrical equipment

Company-funded R&D in computer and data processing services

1981

11,198

11,198

3,847

6,409

 

1982

12,705

12,705

4,944

6,682

 

1983

14,972

14,972

5,634

8,158

 

1984

17,296

17,296

7,011

9,037

 

1985

19,116

19,116

8,418

9,271

 

1986

19,697

19,697

8,380

9,767

 

1987

20,388

20,388

8,193

10,449

 

1988

21,043

21,043

9,347

9,975

 

1989

22,293

22,293

10,725

9,575

 

1990

22,200

22,200

10,988

9,267

 

1991

21,404

21,404

10,419

8,865

 

1992

22,543

22,543

10,614

9,516

 

1993

19,199

19,199

4,917

11,682

 

1994

20,175

20,175

4,078

13,537

 

1995

24,642

33,187

4,699

17,060

8,545

1996

31,287

41,312

8,132

20,356

10,025

1997

38,441

49,759

12,787

22,747

11,318

1998

36,423

50,720

8,890

24,378

14,297

1999

 

2000 (est.)

 

2001 (est.)

 

SOURCE: Company-funded R&D=NSF/SRS, Research and Development in Industry: 1998. NSF 01–305.

Aacademic R&D (not federally funded).

For 1992–1999: NSF/SRS, Academic Research and Development Expenditures, =Fiscal 1999 [Early Release Tables], Table B-5. For 1985–1991: Calculated from Appendix Tables 6–6 and 6–7 in NSB, Science and Engineering Indicators 2000. For 1981–1985: WebCASPAR.

Federal obligations for computer science research and electrical engineering research=NSF/SRS, Federal Funds for Research and Development, Fiscal Years 1999, 2000, and 2001, Tables C-107 and C-107a.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix Tables." National Research Council. 2001. Capitalizing on New Needs and New Opportunities: Government-Industry Partnerships in Biotechnology and Information Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10281.
×

Federal obligations for research in math & computer science

Academic R&D in computer science & math (not federally funded)

Federal obligations for electrical engineering

Academic R&D in electrical engineering (not federally funded)

GDP

Total R&D

279

59

557

47

3,131,000

72,267

350

67

612

50

3,259,000

80,848

419

77

615

69

3,535,000

90,075

440

92

630

86

3,933,000

102,344

575

116

627

109

4,213,000

114,778

615

126

674

135

4,453,000

120,337

641

160

786

159

4,743,000

126,299

643

168

731

179

5,108,000

133,930

735

206

843

208

5,489,000

141,914

841

233

640

231

5,803,000

152,051

904

243

730

243

5,986,000

160,914

1,160

240

759

254

6,319,000

165,358

1,225

253

882

240

6,642,000

165,714

1,302

261

742

255

7,054,000

169,214

1,579

273

756

275

7,401,000

183,611

1,572

268

670

289

7,813,000

197,330

1,672

290

622

323

8,318,000

212,379

1,837

329

639

350

8,790,000

226,872

1,837

382

699

368

9,299,000

244,143

2,008

 

9,963,000

264,622

2,131

 

Suggested Citation:"Appendix Tables." National Research Council. 2001. Capitalizing on New Needs and New Opportunities: Government-Industry Partnerships in Biotechnology and Information Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10281.
×

TABLE 12 Real Changes in Federal Obligations for Research, by Field, FY 1993–1997 and FY 1993–1999 (in constant dollars)*

 

1993–1997

1993–1999

Computer science

41.1%

64.4%

Medical sciences

15.7%

38.3%

Oceanography

17.8%

25.9%

Biological sciences

2.3%

21.2%

Aeronautical engineering

4.5%

20.9%

Civil engineering

0.8%

16.8%

Environmental biology

–3.5%

16.0%

Social sciences

–4.9%

13.5%

Metallurgy/materials

14.0%

1.5%

Astronautical engineering

11.2%

12.6%

Atmospheric sciences

9.0%

7.1%

Agricultural Sciences

–17.1%

6.7%

Mathematics

–4.4%

6.4%

Psychology

–8.7%

2.9%

Astronomy

4.0%

–1.1%

Chemistry

–7.6%

–13.4%

Physics

–27.8%

–24.6%

Chemical engineering

–11.8%

–25.9%

Geological sciences

–20.1%

–25.9%

Electrical engineering

–35.0%

–29.0%

Mechanical engineering

–49.8%

–53.9%

SOURCE: National Science Foundation/SRS, Survey of Federal Funds for Research and Development, Fiscal Years 1999, 2000, and 2001.

*CAVEAT: Percentage changes in some fine fields should be used with caution because, due to changes in NSF reporting procedures in 1996, the amounts reported by NSF in 1999 for some fields are not comparable to those reported in 1993. Mechanical engineering is most affected by the change. NSF also changed its classification of funding among fields in the physical and environmental sciences.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix Tables." National Research Council. 2001. Capitalizing on New Needs and New Opportunities: Government-Industry Partnerships in Biotechnology and Information Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10281.
×

TABLE 13 Real Changes in Federal Obligations for Basic Research in Selected Fields, FY 1993–1997 and FY 1993–1999 (in constant dollars)*

 

1993–1997

1993–1999

Metallurgy/materials

76.6%

78.6%

Civil engineering

8.2%

59.5%

Medical sciences

17.5%

48.9%

Computer science

26.2%

38.1%

Aeronautical engineering

0.7%

20.7%

Biological sciences

–3.0%

17.8%

Environmental biology

–14.9%

12.5%

Agricultural sciences

–6.3%

11.1%

Astronautical engineering

20.0%

10.6%

Mathematics

–1.0%

2.6%

Astronomy

4.7%

–3.0%

Physics

–10.1%

–5.2%

Chemistry

–12.2%

–8.6%

Electrical engineering

–21.6%

–18.1%

Chemical engineering

–13.9%

–32.1%

Mechanical engineering

–32.3%

–37.4%

SOURCE: National Science Foundation/SRS, Survey of Federal Funds for Research and Development, Fiscal Years 1999, 2000, and 2001.

*CAVEAT: Percentage changes in some fine fields should be used with caution because, due to changes in NSF reporting procedures in 1996, the amounts reported by NSF in 1999 for some fields are not comparable to those reported in 1993. Mechanical engineering is most affected by the change. NSF also changed its classification of funding among fields in the physical and environmental sciences.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix Tables." National Research Council. 2001. Capitalizing on New Needs and New Opportunities: Government-Industry Partnerships in Biotechnology and Information Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10281.
×
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×
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix Tables." National Research Council. 2001. Capitalizing on New Needs and New Opportunities: Government-Industry Partnerships in Biotechnology and Information Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10281.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix Tables." National Research Council. 2001. Capitalizing on New Needs and New Opportunities: Government-Industry Partnerships in Biotechnology and Information Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10281.
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×
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×
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×
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×
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×
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×
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This report addresses a topic of recognized policy concern. To capture the benefits of substantial U.S. investments in biomedical R&D, parallel investments in a wide range of seemingly unrelated disciplines are also required. This report summarizes a major conference that reviewed our nation's R&D support for biotechnology and information technologies. The volume includes newly commissioned research and makes recommendations and findings concerning the important relationship between information technologies and biotechnology. It emphasizes the fall off in R&D investments needed to sustain the growth of the U.S. economy and to capitalize on the growing investment in biomedicine. It also encourages greater support for inter-disciplinary training to support new areas such as bioinformatics and urges more emphasis on and support for multi-disciplinary research centers.

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