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NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.
This report and the committee were supported by a grant from the United States Army Corps of Engineers and the Florida Department of Community Affairs. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the sponsors.
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THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES
National Academy of Sciences
National Academy of Engineering
Institute of Medicine
National Research Council
The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Bruce M. Alberts is president of the National Academy of Sciences.
The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. Wm. A. Wulf is president of the National Academy of Engineering.
The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Kenneth I. Shine is president of the Institute of Medicine.
The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy’s purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Bruce M. Alberts and Dr. Wm. A. Wulf are chairman and vice chairman, respectively, of the National Research Council.
COMMITTEE TO REVIEW THE FLORIDA KEYS CARRYING CAPACITY STUDY
SCOTT W. NIXON, Chair,
University of Rhode Island, Narragansett
GEORGE H. DALRYMPLE,
Everglades Research Group, Inc., Homestead, Florida
Florida State University, Tallahassee
WAYNE C. HUBER,
Oregon State University, Corvallis
MARK S. PETERSON,
University of Southern Mississippi, Ocean Springs
STEPHEN POLASKY,
University of Minnesota, St. Paul
NORBERT P. PSUTY,
Rutgers University, Cook Campus, New Brunswick, New Jersey
MALCOLM D. RIVKIN,
University of Maryland, College Park
DANIEL P. SHEER,
HydroLogics, Inc., Columbia, Maryland
Staff
JOANNE C. BINTZ, Study Director,
Ocean Studies Board
NANCY A. CAPUTO, Senior Project Assistant,
Ocean Studies Board
The work of this committee was overseen by the Ocean Studies Board and the Water Science and Technology Board of the National Research Council.
OCEAN STUDIES BOARD
NANCY RABALAIS, Chair,
Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium, Chauvin
ARTHUR BAGGEROER,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge
JAMES COLEMAN,
Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge
LARRY CROWDER,
Duke University, Beaufort, North Carolina
G. BRENT DALRYMPLE,
Oregon State University, Corvalis
RICHARD B. DERISO,
Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, California
EARL DOYLE,
Shell Oil (Retired), Sugar Land, Texas
ROBERT DUCE,
Texas A&M University, College Station
WAYNE R. GEYER,
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts
D. JAY GRIMES,
University of Southern Mississippi, Ocean Springs
MIRIAM KASTNER,
Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, California
CINDY LEE,
State University of New York at Stony Brook
RALPH S. LEWIS,
Connecticut Geological Survey, Hartford
BONNIE MCCAY,
Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
JULIAN P. MCcREARY, JR.,
University of Hawaii, Honolulu
JACQUELINE MICHEL,
Research Planning, Inc., Columbus, South Carolina
RAM MOHAN,
Gahagan & Bryant Associates, Inc., Baltimore, Maryland
SCOTT NIXON,
University of Rhode Island, Narragansett
JON SUTINEN,
University of Rhode Island, Kingston
NANCY TARGETT,
University of Delaware, Lewes
PAUL TOBIN,
Xtria, Chantilly, Virginia
Staff
MORGAN GOPNIK, Director
SUSAN ROBERTS, Senior Program Officer
DAN WALKER, Senior Program Officer
JOANNE BINTZ, Program Officer
JENNIFER MERRILL, Program Officer
TERRY SCHAEFER, Program Officer
ROBIN MORRIS, Financial Officer
JOHN DANDELSKI, Research Associate
SHIREL SMITH, Administrative Associate
JODI BACHIM, Senior Project Assistant
NANCY CAPUTO, Senior Project Assistant
DENISE GREENE, Senior Project Assistant
DARLA KOENIG, Senior Project Assistant
JULIE PULLEY, Project Assistant
ALISON SCHRUM, Project Assistant
WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY BOARD
RICHARD G. LUTHY, Chair,
Stanford University, Stanford, California
JOAN B. ROSE, Vice-Chair,
University of South Florida, St. Petersburg
RICHELLE M. ALLEN-KING,
Washington State University, Pullman
GREGORY B. BAECHER,
University of Maryland, College Park
KENNETH R. BRADBURY,
Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey, Madison
JAMES CROOK,
CH2MHill, Boston, Massachusetts
EFI FOUFOULA-GEORGIOU,
University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
PETER GLEICK,
Pacific Institute, Oakland, California
STEVEN P. GLOSS,
University of Wyoming, Laramie
JOHN LETEY, JR.,
University of California, Riverside
DIANE M. MCKNIGHT,
University of Colorado, Boulder
CHRISTINE L. MOE,
Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
RUTHERFORD H. PLATT,
University of Massachusetts, Amherst
JERALD L. SCHNOOR,
University of Iowa, Iowa City
LEONARD SHABMAN,
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg
R. RHODES TRUSSELL,
Montgomery Watson, Pasadena, California
Staff
STEPHEN D. PARKER, Director
LAURA J. EHLERS, Senior Staff Officer
JEFFREY W. JACOBS, Senior Staff Officer
WILLIAM S. LOGAN, Senior Staff Officer
MARK C. GIBSON, Staff Officer
M. JEANNE AQUILINO, Administrative Associate
PATRICIA JONES KERSHAW, Study/Research Associate
ELLEN A. DE GUZMAN, Research Associate
ANITA A. HALL, Administrative Assistant
ANIKE L. JOHNSON, Project Assistant
JON Q. SANDERS, Project Assistant
Acknowledgments
This report was greatly enhanced by the committee’s interaction with the contractors from URS Corporation, Inc., including Ricardo N. Calvo, Debra L. Childs, Ronald Giovannelli, Robert C. Hudson, Jr., Stephen R. Lienhart, and collaborator Sylvia Vargas of Wallace Roberts & Todd. The committee would also like to acknowledge the efforts of those who gave presentations at the January 2002 National Research Council (NRC) meeting: James Harvey of the Florida Fishing Guides Association and Bill Kruczynski of the Environmental Protection Agency. These talks helped set the stage for fruitful discussions in the closed sessions that followed. We would like to thank the sponsors of this study and their representatives, Deborah Peterson from the Army Corps of Engineers’ Bureau of Local Planning, and Ann Lazar from the State of Florida’s Department of Community Affairs who also provided valuable input and information.
This report has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the NRC’s Report Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making its published report as sound as possible and to ensure that the report meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process. We wish to thank the following individuals for their participation in the review of this report:
Neil M. Fennessey, University of Massachusetts, Dartmouth
Anne E. Giblin, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts
David R. Godschalk, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
Louis Gross, University of Tennessee, Knoxville
Lance H. Gunderson, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
Walter Milon, University of Central Florida, Orlando
John C. Ogden, Florida Institute of Oceanography, St. Petersburg
Christopher Rooney, Carmody and Torrence LLP, New Haven, Connecticut
Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the conclusions or recommendations nor did they see the final draft of the report before its release. The review of this report was overseen by Dr. Robert Frosch of Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, who served as Monitor and by Dr. Donald Boesch, University of Maryland, Cambridge, MD, who served as Coordinator. Appointed by the National Research Council, they were responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this report was carried out in accordance with institutional procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content of this report rests entirely with the authoring committee and the institution.