National Academies Press: OpenBook
« Previous: 6 GENETIC MECHANISMS GOVERNING RESISTANCE OR SUSCEPTIBILITY . . .
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 165
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 166
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 167
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 168
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 169
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 170
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 171
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 172
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 173
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 174
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 175
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 176
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 177
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 178
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 179
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 180
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 181
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 182
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 183
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 184
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 185
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 186
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 187
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 188
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 189
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 190
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 191
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 192
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 193
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 194
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 195
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 196
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 197
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 198
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 199
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 200
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 201
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 202
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 203
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 204
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 205
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 206
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 207
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 208
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 209
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 210
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 211
Suggested Citation:"REFERENCES." National Research Council. 1989. Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1051.
×
Page 212

Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.

i References Abbott, C. M., C. J. Skidmore, A. G. Searle, and J. Peters. 1986. Deficiency of adenosine deaminase in the wasted mouse. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83:693-695. Accinni, L., and F. J. Dixon. 1979. Degenerative vascular disease and myocardial infarction in mice with lupus-like syndrome. Am. J. Pathol. 96:477-492. Acha-Orbea, H., and H. O. McDevitt. 1987. The first external domain of the nonobese diabetic mouse class II I-A ~ chain is unique. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84:2435-2439. Akizuki, M., J. P. Reeves, and A. D. Steinberg. 1978. Expression of autoimmunity by NZB/ NZW marrow. Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 10:247-250. Alberts, J. R. 1974. Producing and interpreting experimental olfactory deficits. Physiol. Behav. 12:657-670. Alcock, N. W., and M. E. Shils. 1974. Serum immunoglobulin G in the magnesium-depleted rat. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 145:855-858. Alexander, E. L., E. D. Murphy, J. B. Roths, and G. E. Alexander. 1983. Congenic autoim- mune murine models of central nervous system disease in connective tissue disorders. Ann. Neurol. 14:242-248. Allison, A. C. 1974. Interactions of antibodies, complement components and various cell types in immunity against viruses and pyogenic bacteria. Transplant. Rev. 19:3-55. Alper, C. A., and F. S. Rosen. 1984. Inherited deficiencies of complement proteins in man. Springer Semin. Immunopathol. 7:251-261. Altman, A., A. N. Theofilopoulos, R. Weiner, D. H. Katz, and F. J. Dixon. 1981. Analysis of T cell function in autoimmune murine strains. Defects in production of and responsiveness to interleukin 2. J. Exp. Med. 154:791-808. Amagai, T., T. Matsuzawa, and B. Cinader. 1982. The effect of ribavirin and rifamycin SV on age-dependent changes of the immune system during the adult life of SJL mice. Immunol. Lett. 4:149-153. American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) Panel on Euthanasia. 1986. 1986 Report of the AVMA Panel on Euthanasia. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 188:252-268. Amornsiripanitch, S., L. M. Barnes, J. J. Nordlund, L. S. Trinkle, and L. A. Rheins. 1988. 165

1 66 REFERENCES Immune studies in the depigmenting C57BL/Ler-v~t/vit mice. An apparent isolated loss of contact hypersensitivity. J. Immunol. 140:3438-3445. Amsbaugh, D. F., C. T. Hansen, B. Prescott, P. W. Stashak, D. R. Barthold, and P. J. Baker. 1972. Genetic control of the antibody response to type III pneumococcal polysac- charide in mice. I. Evidence that an X-linked gene plays a decisive role in determining responsiveness. J. Exp. Med. 136:931-949. Andrews, B. S., R. A. Eisenberg, A. N. Theofilopoulos, S. Izui, C. B. Wilson, P. J. McConahey, E. D. Murphy, J. B. Roths, and F. J. Dixon. 1978. Spontaneous murine lupus- like syndromes. Clinical and immunopathological manifestations in several strains. J. Exp. Med. 148:1198-1215. Andriole, G. L., J. J. Mule, C. T. Hansen, W. M. Linehan. and S. A. Rosenberg. 1985. Evidence that lymphokine-activated killer cells and natural killer cells are distinct based on an analysis of congenitally immunodeficient mice. J. Immunol. 135:2911-2913. Apte, R. N., O. Ascher, and D. H. Pluznik. 1977. Genetic analysis of generation of serum interferon by bacterial lipopolysaccharide. J. Immunol. 119:1898-1902. Archer, D. L., B. G. Smith, and H. M. Johnson. 1981. Direct and induced suppression of in vitro antibody production by selected phenols: A comparison to virus-type interferon. Pp. 199-209 in Biological Relevance of Immune Suppression as Induced by Genetic, Thera- peutic, and Environmental Factors, J. H. Dean and M. Padarathsingh, eds. Proceedings of a technology assessment workshop held November 13-14, 1979, in Williamsburg, Va. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold. Archinal, W. A., and M. S. Wilder. 1988a. Susceptibility of HRS/J to listeriosis: Dynamics of infection. Infect. Immun. 56:607-612. Archinal, W. A., and M. S. Wilder. 1988b. Susceptibility of HRS/J to listeriosis: Macrophage activity. Infect. Immun. 56:613-618. Arroyave, C. M., R. M. Levy, and J. S..Johnson. 1974. Genetic deficiency of the fourth component of complement in Wistar rats. Fed. Proc. 33:795 (abstr.). Arroyave, C. M., R. M. Levy, and J. S. Johnson. 1977. Genetic deficiency of the fourth component of complement (C4) in Wistar rats. Immunology 33:453. Ash, P., J. F. Loutit, and K. M. S. Townsend. 1980. Osteoclasts derived from haematopoietic stem cells. Nature (London) 283:669-670. Ashman, R. B. 1987. Murine candidiasis. III. Host inflammatory responses are regulated in part by class I MHC genes. J. Immunogenet. 14:317-321. Atkinson, J. P., K. McGinnis, L. Brown, J. Peterein, and D. Shreffler. 1980. A murine C4 molecule with reduced hemolytic efficiency. J. Exp. Med. 151:492-497. Aubert, R., J. Herzog, M.-C. Camus, J.-L. Guenet, and D. Lemonnier. 1985. Description of a new model of genetic obesity: dbPaS. J. Nutr. 115:327-333. Auerbach, H. S., R. Burger, D. Bitter-Suermann, G. Goldberger, and H. R. Colten. 1985. C3-deficient guinea pig mRNA directs synthesis of a structurally abnormal C3 protein. Complement 2:5 (abstr.). Averdunk, R., P.-H. Bippus, T. Gunther, and H. J. Merker. 1982. Development an~i properties of malignant lymphoma induced by magnesium deficiency in rats. J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. 104:63-73. Azar, H. A., C. T. Hansen, and J. Costa. 1980. N:NIH(S)II-nu/nu mice with combined immunodeficiency: A new model for human tumor heterot;ransplantation. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 65:421-430. Bach, J.-F., M. Dardenne, and J.-C. Salomon. 1973. Studies on thymus products. IV. Absence of serum 'thymic activity' in adult NZB and (NZB x NZW) F1 mice. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 14:247-256. Bach, M.-A., D. Droz, L.-H. Noel, D. Blanchard, M. Dardenne, and A. Peking. 1980. Effect

I. REFERENCES 1 67 of long-term treatment with circulating thymic factor on murine lupus. Arthritis Rheum. 23:1351-1358. Baekkeskov, S., T. Dyrberg, and A. Lernmark. 1984. Autoantibodies to a 64-kilodalton islet cell protein precede the onset of spontaneous diabetes in the BB rat. Science 224:1348- 1350. Baetjer, A. M. 1968. Role of environmental temperature and humidity in susceptibility to disease. Arch. Environ. Health 16:565-570. Bailey, D. W. 1979. Genealogies of long-separated sublines in six major inbred mouse strains. Pp. 18-20 in Inbred and Genetically Defined Strains of Laboratory Animals. Part 1. Mouse and Rat, P. L. Altman and D. D. Katz, eds. Bethesda, Md.: Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. Baker, H. J., G. H. Cassell, and J. R. Lindsey. 1971. Research complications due to Hae- mobartonella and Eperythrozoon infections in experimental animals. Am. J. Pathol. 64:625- 656. Baker, H. J., J. R. Lindsey, and S. H. Weisbroth, eds. 1979a. The Laboratory Rat. Vol. I: Biology and Diseases. New York: Academic Press. 435 pp. Baker, H. J., J. R. Lindsey, and S. H. Weisbroth. 1979b. Housing to control research variables. Pp. 169-192 in The Laboratory Rat. Vol. 1: Biology and Diseases H. J. Baker, J. R. Lindsey, and S. H. Weisbroth, eds. New York: Academic Press. Bancroft, G. J., M. J. Bosma, G. C. Bosma, and E. R. Unanue. 1986. Regulation of mac- rophage Ia expression in mice with severe combined immunodeficiency: Induction of Ia expression by a T cell-independent mechanism. J. Immunol. 137:4-9. Bang, F. B., and A. Warwick. 1960. Mouse macrophages as host cells for the mouse hepatitis virus and the genetic basis of their susceptibility. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 46:1065- 1075. Bannerrnan, R. M., J. A. Edwards, and P. H. Pinkerton. 1973. Hereditary disorders of the red cell in animals. Prog. Hematol. 8: 131- 179. Barkley, M. S., A. Bartke, D. S. Gross, and Y. N. Sinha. 1982. Prolactin status of hereditary dwarf mice. Endocrinology 110:2088-2096. Barnes, A. D., and M. Tuffrey. 1967. Serum antinuclear factor and the influence of environ- ment in mice. Nature (London) 214:1136-1138. Baroni, C. 1967. Thymus, peripheral lymphoid tissues and immunological responsiveness of the pituitary dwarf mouse. Experientia 23:282-283. Baroni, C., N. Fabris, and G. Bertoli. 1967. Age dependency of the primary immune response in the hereditary pituitary dwarf and normal Snell-Bagg mouse. Experientia 23:1059-1060. Baroni, C. D., N. Fabris, and G. Bertoli. 1969. Effects of hormones on development and function of lymphoid tissues. Synergistic action of thyroxin and somatotropic hormone in pituitary dwarf mice. Immunology 17:303-314. Bartke, A. 1964. Histology of the anterior hypophysis, thyroid and gonads of two types of dwarf mice. Anat. Rec. 149:225-235. Bean-Knudsen, D. E., and J. E. Wagner. 1987. Effect of shipping stress on clinicopathologic indicators in F344/N rats. Am. J. Vet. Res. 48:306-308. Bearer, E., M. E. Gershwin, and J. J. Castles. 1986. Lupus Insights from experimental models. Clin. Exp. Rheumatol. 4:161-168. Bedigian, H. G., L. D. Shultz, and H. Meier. 1979. Expression of endogenous murine leukaemia viruses in AKR/J streaker mice. Nature (London) 279:434-436. Behar, S. M., and M. D. Scharff. 1988. Somatic diversification of the S107 (T15) VH11 germ- line gene that encodes the heavy-chain variable region of antibodies to double-stranded DNA in (NZB x NZW) F1 mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85:3970-3974. Behlke, M. A., H. S. Chou, K. Huppi. and D. Y. Loh. 1986. Murine T-cell receptor mutants with deletions of )-chain variable region genes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83:767-771.

1 68 REFERENCES Beisel, K. W., and S. P. Lerman. 1981. Progressive loss of H-2Ds antigens during passage of a spontaneous SJL/J lymphoma. Transplant. Proc. 13:1811-1813. Bell, M., L. A. Rheins, and J. J. Nordlund. 1984. Cytologic alterations in the epidermis of the depigmenting C57BL-vi/vi mouse. J. Cell Biol. 99(4, part 2):386a (abstr. 1424). Bell, R. G., L. S. Adams, and R. W. Ogden. 1984. A single gene determines rapid expulsion of Trichinella spiralis in mice. Infect. Immun. 45:273-275. Bellgrau, D., A. Naji, W. K. Silvers, J. F. Markmann, and C. F. Barker. 1982. Spontaneous diabetes in BB rats: Evidence for a T-cell dependent immune response defect. Diabetologia 23:359-364. Benacerraf, B., and K. L. Rock. 1984. Cellular expression and function of Ir genes. Pp. 13- 20 in Immunogenetics. Its Application to Clinical Medicine, T. Sasazuki and T. Tada, eds. Tokyo: Academic Press. Bendelac, A., C. Carnaud, C. Boitard, and J. F. Bach. 1987. Syngeneic transfer of autoimmune diabetes from diabetic NOD mice to healthy neonates. Requirement for both L3T4+ and Lyt-2+ T cells. J. Exp. Med. 166:823-832. Benjamin, W. H., Jr., and D. E. Briles. 1982. The net growth of Aro A- mutant Salmonella typhimurium and the growth of wild type S. typhimurium in mice are under different genetic control. Abstr. B-107, p. 35 in Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology, 1982. (Available from the Meetings Department, American Society for Microbiology, 1913 I Street, NW, Washington, DC 20006.? Benjamin, W. H., Jr., S. J. Roberts, and D. Briles. 1987. The use of a temperature sensitive plasmid to show that the mouse Ityr gene causes decreased growth of Salmonella typhimurium in mice. Abstr. B-97, p. 41 in Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology, 1987. (Available from the Meetings Department, American Society for Microbiology, 1913 I Street, NW, Washington, DC 20006.) Bennett, M., and R. A. Steeves. 1970. Immunocompetent cell functions in mice infected with Friend leukemia virus. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 44:1107- 1119. Bentwich, Z., B. Bonav~da, A. Peled, and N. Haran-Ghera. 1972. Evaluation of autoantibodies and serum abnormalities in SJL/J mice. Isr. J. Med. Sci. 8:670 (abstr.). Ben-Yaakov, M., and N. Haran-Ghera. 1975. T and B lymphocytes in thymus of SJL/J mice. Nature (London) 255:64-66. Bernard, C. C. A. 1976. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice: Genetic control of susceptibility. J. Immunogenet. 3:263-274. Berridge, M. V., N. O'Kech, L. J. McNeilage, B. F. Heslop, and R. Moore. 1979. Rat mutant (NZNU) showing "nude" characteristics. Transplantation 27:410-413. Besedovsky, H. O., A. Del Ray, E. Sorkin, W. Lotz, and U. Schwulera. 1985. Lymphoid cells produce an immunoregulatory glucocorticoid increasing factor (GIF) acting through the pituitary gland. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 59:622-628. Bhatt, P. N., and R. O. Jacoby. 1986. Mousepox: Pathogenesis, diagnosis and rederivation. Pp. 557-570 in Viral and Mycoplasmal Infections of Laboratory Rodents. Effects on Biomed- ical Research, P. N. Bhatt, R. O. Jacoby, H. C. Morse III, and A. E. New, eds. Proceedings of a conference held October 24-26. 1984, in Bethesda, Md. Orlando, Fla.: Academic Press. Bielschowsky, M., F. Bielschowsky, and D. Lindsay. 1956. A new strain of mice with a high incidence of mammary cancers and enlargement of the pituitary. Br. J. Cancer 10:688-699. Bielschowsky, M., B. J. Helyer, and J. B. Howie. 1959. Spontaneous hemolytic anemia. Proc. Univ. Otago Med. School 37:9-11. Biggar, R. J., R. Diebel, and J. P. Woodall. 1976. Implications. monitoring, and control of accidental transmission of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus within hamster tumor cell lines. Cancer Res. 36:551-553. Billings, P. B., R. W. Allen, F. C. Jensen, and S. O. Hoch. 1982. Anti-RNP monoclonal

REFERENCES 1 69 antibodies derived from a mouse strain with lupus-like autoimmunity. J. Immunol. 128:1176- 1180. Bitter-Suermann, D., T. Hoffmann, R. Burger, and U. Hadding. 1981. Linkage of total deficiency of the second component (C2) of the complement system and of genetic C2- polymorphism to the major histocompatibility complex of the guinea pig. J. Immunol. 127:608-612. Black, P. L., M. Holly, C. I. Thompson, and D. L. Margules. 1983. Enhanced tumor resistance and immunocompetence in obese (oblob) mice. Life Sci. 33(suppl. 1):715-718. Blackwell, J. M. 1985. A murine model of genetically controlled host responses to leishman- iasis. Pp. 147-155 in Ecology and Genetics of Host-Parasite Interactions, D. Rollinson and R. M. Anderson, eds. Linnean Soc. Symp. Series, no. 11. Papers presented at an international symposium organized by the Linnean Society of London and the British Society for Par- asitology, held July 12-13, 1984, at Keele University. London: Academic Press. Blaineau, C., S. Gisslebrecht, D. Piatier, M.-A. Hurot, and J. P. Levy. 1978. Swan mice: Autoimmune mice without xenotropic type C virus production. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 31 :276- 280. Blakley, B. R., C. S. Sisodia, and T. K. Mukkur. 1980. The effect of methylmercury, t-etraethyl lead, and sodium arsenite on the humoral immune response in mice. Toxicol. Appl. Phar- macol. 52:245-254. Bleby, J. 1976. Disease-free (SPF) animals. Pp. 123-134 in The UFAW Handbook on the Care and Management of Laboratory Animals, 5th ea., Universities Federation for Animal Welfare (UFAW), ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. Blomgren, H., and B. Andersson. 1976. Steroid sensitivity of the PHA and PWM responses of fractionated human lymphocytes in vitro. Exp. Cell Res. 97:233-240. Boillot, D., R. Assan, M. Dardenne, M. Debray-Sachs, and J. F. Bach. 1986. T-lymphopenia and T-cell imbalance in diabetic dbldb mice. Diabetes 35:198-203. Bois, P., E. B. Sandborn, and P. E. Messier. 1969. A study of thymic lymphosarcoma developing in magnesium-deficient rats. Cancer Res. 29:763-775. Boitard, C., S. Michie, P. Serrurier, G. W. Butcher, A. P. Larkins, and H. O. McDevitt. 1985. In vivo prevention of thyroid and pancreatic autoimmunity in the BB rat by antibody to class II major histocompatibility complex gene products. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82:6627-6631. Bonnard, G. D., E. K. Manders, D. A. Campbell, Jr.. R. B. Herberman, and M. J. Collins, Jr. 1976. Immunosuppressive activity of a subline of the mouse EL-4 lymphoma. Evidence for minute virus of mice causing the inhibition. J. Exp. Med. 143:187-20S. Boorman, G. A., M. I. Luster, J. H. Dean, M. L. Campbell, L. A. Lauer, F. A. Talley, R. E. Wilson, and M. J. Collins. 1982. Peritoneal macrophage alterations caused by naturally occurring mouse hepatitis virus. Am. J. Pathol. 106:110-117. Bosma, G. C., R. P. Custer, and M. J. Bosma. 1983. A severe combined immunodeficiency mutation in the mouse. Nature (London) 301:527-530. Bosma, G. C., M. Fried, R. P. Custer, A. Carroll, D. M. Gibson, and M. J. Bosma. 1988. Evidence of functional lymphocytes in some (leaky) scid mice. J. Exp. Med. 167:1016- 1033. Bosma, G. C., M. T. Davisson, N. R. Ruetsch, H. O. Sweet, L. D. Shultz, and M. J. Bosma. 1989. The mouse mutation severe combined immune deficiency (scict) is on chromosome 16. Immunogenetics 29:54-57. Bottger, E. C., T. Hoffmann, U. Hadding, and D. Bitter-Suermann. 1985. Influence of genetically inherited complement deficiencies on humoral immune response in guinea pigs. J. Immunol. 135:4100-4107. Bottger, E. C., T. Hoffmann, U. Hadding. and D. Bitter-Suermann. 1986a. Guinea pigs with

1 70 REFERENCES inherited deficiencies of complement components C2 or C4 have characteristics of immune complex disease. J. Clin. Invest. 78:689-695. Bottger, E. C., S. Metzger, D. Bitter-Suermann, G. Stevenson, S. Kleindienst, and R. Burger. 1986b. Impaired humoral immune response in complement C3-deficient guinea pigs: Ab- sence of secondary antibody response. Eur. J. Immunol. 16:1231-1235. Bradley, D. J., B. A. Taylor, J. Blackwell, E. P. Evans, and J. Freeman. 1979. Regulation of Leishmania populations within the host. III. Mapping of the locus controlling susceptibility to visceral leishmaniasis in the mouse. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 37:7-14. Bradley, L. M., and R. I. Mishell. 1981. Differential effects of glucocorticosteroids on the functions of helper and suppressor T lymphocytes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 78:3155- 3159. Brandt, E. J., R. T. Swank, and E. K. Novak. 1981. The murine Chediak-Higashi mutation and other murine pigmentation mutations. Pp. 99-117 in Immunologic Defects in Laboratory Animals, Vo1. 1, M. E. Gershwin and B. Merchant, eds. New York: Plenum. Breathnach, S. M., and S. I. Katz. 1986. Cell-mediated immunity in cutaneous disease. Human Pathol. 17: 161-167. Brick, J. E., S. E. Walker, and K. S. Wise. 1988. Hormone control of autoantibodies to calf thymus nuclear extract (CTE) and DNA in MRL-lpr and MRL- + / + mice. Clin. Immunol. Immunpathol. 46:68-81. Briles, D. E., R. M. Krause, and J. M. Davie. 1977. Immune response deficiency of BSVS mice. I. Identification of Ir gene differences between A/J and BSVS mice in the antistrep- tococcal group A carbohydrate response. Immunogenetics 4:381-392. Briles, D. E., R. M. Perlmutter, D. Hansburg, J. R. Little, and J. M. Davie. 1979. Immune response deficiency of BSVS mice. II. Generalized deficiency to thymus-dependent antigens. Eur. J. Immunol. 9:255-261. Briles, D. E., W. H. Benjamin, Jr., C. A. Williams, and J. M. Davie. 1981. A genetic locus responsible for salmonella susceptibility in BSVS mice is not responsible for the limited T- dependent immune responsiveness of BSVS mice. J. Immunol. 127:906-911. Briles, D. E., M. Nahm, T. N. Marion, R. M. Perlmutter, and J. M. Davie. 1982. Streptococal group A carbohydrate has properties of both a thymus-independent (TI-2) and a thymus- dependent antigen. J. Immunol. 128:2032-2035. Briles, D. E., W. Benjamin, Jr., B. Posey, S. M. Michalek, and J. R. McGhee. 1986. Independence of macrophage activation and expression of the alleles of the Ity (immunity to typhimurium) locus. Microb. Pathogen. 1:33-41. Brinton, M. A., H. Arnheiter, and O. Haller. 1982. Interferon independence of genetically controlled resistance to flaviviruses. Infect. Immun. 36:284-288. Brooke, H. C. 1926. Hairless mice. J. Hered. 17:173-174. Brooks, C. G., P. J. Webb, R. A. Robins, G. Robinson, R. W. Baldwin, and M. F. W. Festing. 1980. Studies on the immunobiology of rnulrnu 'nude' rats with congenital aplasia of the thymus. Eur. J. Immunol. 10:58-65. Brown, A. M., and D. E. McFarlin. 1981. Relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in the SJL/J mouse. Lab. Invest. 45:278-284. Brown, I. N., and A. A. Glynn. 1987. The ItylLshlBcg gene significantly affects mouse resistance to Mycobacterium lepraemurium. Immunology 62:587-591. Brown, P. J., R. G. Bruce, D. F. Manson-Smith, and D. M. V. Parrott. 1981. Intestinal mast cell response in thymectomised and normal mice infected with Trichinella spiralis. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 2:189-198. Brownscheidle, C. M., V. Wootten, M. H. Mathieu, D. L. Davis, and I. A. Hofmann. 1983. The effects of maternal diabetes on fetal maturation and neonatal health. Metabolism 32(suppl. 1): 148- 155.

REFERENCES 17 1 Brownstein, D. G. 1983. Genetics of natural resistance to Sendai virus infection in mice. Infect. Immun. 41 :308-312. Bruce, D. L. 1972. Halothane inhibition of phytohemagglutinin-induced transformation of lymphocytes. Anesthesiology 36:201-205. Brunda, M. J., H. T. Holden, and R. B. Herberman. 1980. Augmentation of natural killer cell activity of beige mice by interferon and interferon inducers. Pp. 411-415 in Natural Cell-Mediated Immunity Against Tumors, R. B. Herberman, ed. New York: Academic Press. Bubbers, J. E. 1983. Single-gene abrogation of spontaneous pleomorphic SJL/J mouse retic- ulum cell sarcoma expression. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 71:795-799. Bubbers, J. E. 1984. Identification and linkage analyses of a gene, Rcs-l, suppressing spon- taneous SJL/J lymphoma expression. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 72:441-446. Burger, R., J. Gordon, G. Stevenson, G. Ramadori, B. Zanker, U. Hadding, and D. Bitter- Suermann. 1986. An inherited deficiency of the third component of complement, C3, in guinea pigs. Eur. J. Immunol. 16:7- 11. Buse, J. B., A. Ben-Nun, K. A. Klein, G. S. Eisenbarth, J. G. Seidman, and R. A. Jackson. 1984. Specific class II histocompatibility gene polymorphism in BB rats. Diabetes 33:700- 703. Butler, L., D. L. Guberski, and A. A. Like. 1988. Genetics of diabetes production in the Worcester colony of the BB rat. Pp. 74-78 in Frontiers in Diabetes Research. Lessons from Animals Diabetes II, E. Shafrir and A. E. Renold. London: John Libbey & Co. Calich, V. L. G., E. Burger, S. S. Kashino, R. A. Fazioli, and L. M. Singer-Vermes. 1987. Resistance to Paracoccidioides brasiliensis in mice is controlled by a single dominant autosomal gene. Infect. Immun. 55: 1919- 1923. Callisher, C. H., and W. P. Rowe. 1966. Mouse hepatitis, Reo-3, and the Theiler viruses. Pp. 67-75 in Viruses of Laboratory Rodents. National Cancer Institute Monograph No. 20. Bethesda, Md.: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Calvano, S. E. 1986. Hormonal mediation of immune dysfunction following thermal and traumatic injury. Pp. 111-142 in Host Defenses in Trauma and Surgery, Vol. 6, Advances in Host Defense Mechanisms, J. M. Davis and G. T. Shires, eds. New York: Raven Press. Canadian Council on Animal Care. 1980. Guide to the Care and Use of Experimental Animals, Vol. 1. Ottawa, Ontario: Canadian Council on Animal Care. 112 pp. Cantor, H., L. McVay-Boudreau, J. Hugenberger, K. Naidof, F. W. Shen, and R. K. Gershon. 1978. Immunoregulatory circuits among T-cell sets. II. Physiologic role of feedback inhi- bition in vivo: Absence in NZB mice. J. Exp. Med. 147:1116-1125. Caren, L. D., and L. T. Rosenberg. 1966. The role of complement in resistance to endogenous and exogenous infection with a common mouse pathogen, Corvnebacterium kutscheri. J. Exp. Med. 124:689-699. Carroll, A. M., and M. J. Bosma. In press. Detection and characterization of functional T cells in some (leaky) scid mice. Eur. J. Immunol. Carter, T. C. 1954. Research news: New mutants. Mouse News Lett. 11:16. Carthew, P., and S. Sparrow. 1980. Sendai virus ~n nude and germ-free rats. Res. Vet. Sci. 29:289-292. Casarett, G. W. 1980. Radiation Histopathology, Vol. 1. Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press. 139 PP Cassell, G. H. 1982. The pathogenic potential of mycoplasmas: Mycoplasma pulmonis as a model. Rev. Infect. Dis. 4:S18-S34. Castle, W. E., and H. D. King. 1944. Linkage studies of the rat (Rattus norvegicus). VI. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 30:79-82. Cerquetti, C. M., D. O. Sordelli, R. A. Ortegon, and J. A. Ballanti. 1983. Impaired lung

1 72 REFERENCES defenses against Staphylococcus aureus in mice with hereditary deficiency of the fifth component of complement. Infect. Immun. 41:1071-1076. Chambers, T., and J. Loutit. 1979. A functional assessment of macrophages from osteopetrotic mice. J. Pathol. 129:57-63. Chandra, R. K., and B. Au. 1980. Spleen hemolytic plaque-forming cell response and gen- eration of cytotoxic cells in genetically obese (C57BL/6J-ob/ob) mice. Int. Arch. Allergy Appl. Immunol. 62:94-98. Chang, S.-S., and W. H. Hildemann. 1964. Inheritance of susceptibility to polyoma virus in mice. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 33:303-313. Chappel, C. I., and W. R. Chappel. 1983. The discovery and development of the BB rat colony: An animal model of spontaneous diabetes mellitus. Metabolism 32(suppl. 1):8-10. Chase, H. B. 1959. Mutant stocks. Mouse News Lett. 21:21. Chase, H. B. 1965. Change of symbol. Mouse News Lett. 33:17. Chedid, L., M. Parant, C. Damais, F. Parant, D. Juy, and A. Galelli. 1976. Failure of endotoxin to increase nonspecific resistance to infection of lipopolysaccharide low-responder mice. Infect. Immun. 13:722-727. Chen, J., and A. L. Goldstein. 1985. Thymosins and other thymic hormones. Pp. 121-140 in Biological Response Modifiers. New Approaches to Disease Intervention, P. F. Torrence, ed. Orlando, Fla.: Academic Press. Chi, E. Y., E. Ignacio, and D. Lagunoff. 1978. Mast cell granule formation in the be~ge mouse. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 26:131-137. Cinader, B., and S. Dubiski. 1964. Effect of autologous protein on the specificity of the antibody response: Mouse and rabbit antibody to MuB1. Nature (London) 202:102-103. Claesson, M. H., N. Warner, and I. F. C. McKenzie. 1978. B-lymphocyte colony-forming cells in the SJL/J mouse thymus graft repopulatton: Independence on host thymus and graft genotype. Scand. J. Immunol. 8:557-561. Claman, H. N. 1972. Corticosteroids and lymphoid cells. N. Engl. J. Med. 287:388-397. Clark, D. A., B. Cinader, and S. W. Kohl 1981. Age-dependent separation of class-specific suppressor cells in thymus of SJL/J mice. Immunol. Lett. 3:189-194. Clark, E. A., L. D. Shultz, and S. B. Pollack. 1981. Mutations in mice that influence natural killer (NK) cell activity. Immunogenetics 12:601 -613. Clark, E. A., J. B. Roths, E. D. Murphy, J. A. Ledbetter, and J. A. Clagett. 1982. The beige (by) gene influences the development of autoimmune disease in SB/Le male mice. Pp. 301- 306 in NK Cells and Other Natural Effector Cells, R. B. Herberman. ed. New York: Academic Press. Clatch, R. J., R. W. Melvold, S. D. Miller, and H. L. Lipton. 1985. Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV)-induced demyelinating disease in mice is influenced by the H-2D region: Correlation with TMEV-specific delayed-type hypersensitivity. J. Im- munol. 135:1408-1414. Cockerell, G. L., E. A. Hoover, S. Krakowka, R. G. Olsen, and D. S. Yohn. 1976. Lym- phocyte mitogen reactivity and enumeration of circulating B- and T-cells during feline leukemia virus infection in the cat. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 57:1095-1099. Cohen, D. I., A. D. Steinberg. W. E. Paul, and M. M. Davis. 1985. Expression of an X- linked $ene family (XLR) in late-stage B cells and its alteration by the xid mutation. Nature (London) 314:372-374. Cohen, P. L., I. Scher, and D. E. Mosier. 1976. In vitro studies of the genetically determined unresponsiveness to thymus-independent antigens in CBA/N mice. J. Immunol. 116:301- 304. Coleman, D. L. 1978. Obese and diabetes: Two mutant genes causing diabetes-obesity syn- dromes in mice. Diabetologia 14:141-148. Colle, E., R. D. Guttmann, and T. Seemayer. 1981. Spontaneous diabetes mellitus syndrome

REFERENCES 173 in the rat. I. Association with the major histocompatibility complex. J. Exp. Med. 154: 1237- 1242. Colle, E., R. D. Guttmann, T. Seemayer, and F. Michel. 1983. Spontaneous diabetes mellitus syndrome in the rat. IV. Immunogenetic interactions of MHC and non-MHC components of the syndrome. Metabolism 32(suppl. 1):54-61. Collins, F. M., and G. B. Mackaness. 1968. Delayed hypersensitivity and Arthus reactivity in relation to host resistance in salmonella-infected mice. J. Immunol. 101:830-845. Collins, M. J., Jr., and I; C. Parker. 1972. Murine virus contaminants of leukemia viruses and transplantable tumors. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 49:1139-1143. Colten, H. R. 1983. Molecular biology and biosynthesis of the complement proteins. Pp. 397- 406 in Progress in Immunology, Vol. 5, Y. Yamamura and T. Tada, eds. Tokyo: Academic Press. Colten, H. R., and M. M. Frank. 1972. Biosynthesis of the second (C2) and fourth (C4) components of complement in vitro by tissues isolated from guinea-pigs with genetically determined C4 deficiency. Immunology 22:991-999. Cook, J. A., E. O. Hoffman, and N. R. DiLuzio. 1975. Influence of lead and cadmium on the susceptibility of rats to bacterial challenge. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 150:741-747. Cooke, A., and P. Hutchings. 1984. Defective regulation of erythrocyte autoantibodies in SJL mice. Immunology 51:489-492. Costa, O., and J. C. Monier. 1986. Antihistone antibodies detected by micro-ELISA and immunoblotting in mice with lupus-like syndrome (MRL/1, MRL/n, PN, and NZB strains). Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 40:276-282. Cotton, W. R., and J. F. Gaines. 1974. Unerupted dentition secondary to congenital osteo- petrosis in the Osborne-Mendel rat. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 146:554-561. Coutinho, A., G. Muller, and E. Gronowicz. 1975. Genetical control of B-cell responses. J. Exp. Med. 142:253-258. Cowdery, J. S., S. M. Jacobi, A. K. Pitts, and T. L. Tyler. 1987. Defective B cell clonal regulation and autoantibody production in New Zealand black mice. J. Immunol. 138:760- 764. Cowing, C., D. Harris, C. Garabedian, M. Lukic, and S. Leskowitz. 1977. Immunologic tolerance to heterologous immunoglobulin: Its relation to in vitro filtration by macrophages. J. Immunol. 119:256-262. Cowing, C., C. Garabedian, and S. Leskowitz. 1979. Strain differences in tolerance induction to human ~y-globulin subclasses: Dependence on macrophages. Cell. Immunol. 47:407-415. Cramer, P., and R. B. Painter. 1981. Bleomycin-resistant DNA synthesis in ataxia telangiec- tasia cells. Nature (London) 291:671-672. Creighton, W. D., R. M. Zinkernagel, and F. J. Dixon. 1979. T cell-mediated immune responses of lupus-prone BXSB mice and other murine strains. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 37:181- 189. Crispens, C. G. 1973. Some characteristics of strain SJL/JDg mice. Lab. Anim. Sci. 23:408- 413. Crispens, C. G., Jr. 1979. Reproduction and growth characteristics: Mouse. Part I. Basic data. Pages 45-47 in Inbred and Genetically Defined Strains of Laboratory Animals. Part 1. Mouse and Rat, P. L. Altman and D. D. Katz, eds. Bethesda, Md.: Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. Cross, S. S., H. C. Morse III, and R. Asofsky. 1976. Neonatal infection with mouse thymic virus. Differential effects on T cells mediating the graft-versus-host reaction. J. Immunol. 117:635-638. Crowle, A. J., and M. May. 1978. A hangin:, drop macrophage function test. J. Reticuloen- dothel. Soc. 24: 169- 185.

1 74 REFERENCES Crowle, P. K. 1983. Mucosal mast cell reconstitution and Nippostrongylus brasiliensis rejection by W/WV mice. J. Parasitol. 69:66-69. Crowle, P. K., and N. D. Reed. 1981. Rejection of the intestinal parasite Nippostrongylus brasiliensis by mast cell-deficient W/WV anemic mice. Infect. Immun. 33:54-58. Cullen, B. F. 1974. The effect of halothane and nitrous oxide on phagocytosis and human leukocyte metabolism. Anesthesiol. Analges. 53:531-535. Curtis, J., and J. L. Turk. 1984. Resistance to subcutaneous infection with Mycobacterium lepraemurium is controlled by more than one gene. Infect. Immun. 43:925-930. Curtis, J., H. O. Adu, and J. L. Turk. 1982. H-2 linkage control of resistance to subcutaneous infection with Mycobacterium lepraemurium. Infect. Immun. 38:434-439. Custer, R. P., G. C. Bosma, and M. J. Bosma. 1985. Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) in the mouse. Am. J. Pathol. 120:464-477. Czerski, P., E. Paprocka-Stonka, M. Siekierzynski, and A. Stolarska. 1974. Influence of microwave radiation on the hematopoietic system. Pp. 67-74 in Biologic Effects and Health Hazards of Microwave Radiation. Proceedings of an International Symposium held October 15-18, 1973, in Warsaw, Poland. Warsaw: Polish Medical Publishers. Czitrom, A. A., S. Edwards, R. A. Phillips, M. J. Bosma, P. Marrack, and J. W. Kappler. 1985. The function of antigen-presenting cells in mice with severe combined immunode- ficiency. J. Immunol. 134:2276-2280. Dandoy, F., J. DeMaeyer-Guignard, D. Bailey, and E. DeMaeyer. 1982. Mouse genes influ- ence antiviral action of interferon in vivo. Infect. Immun. 38:89-93. D' Andrea, B. J., G. L. Wilson, and J. E. Craighead. 1981. Effect of genetic obesity in mice on the induction of diabetes by encephalomyocarditis virus. Diabetes 30:451-454. Dang, H., and R. J. Harbeck. 1984. The in vivo and in vitro glomerular deposition of isolated anti-double-stranded-DNA antibodies in NZB/W mice. Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 30:265- 278. Dardenne, M., W. Savino, and J.-F. Bach. 1984. Autoimmune mice develop antibodies to thymic hormone: Production of anti-thymulin monoclonal autoantibodies from diabetic (dbl db) and B/W mice. J. Immunol. 133:740-743. Das, S., and S. Leskowitz. 1970. The kinetics of in vivo tolerance introduction in mice. J. Immunol. 105:938-943. Das, S., and S. Leskowitz. 1974. The cellular basis for tolerance or immunity to bovine y- globulin in mice. J. Immunol. 112: 107- 114. Datta, S. K., and R. S. Schwartz. 1976. Genetics of expression of xenotropic virus and autoimmunity in NZB mice. Nature (London) 263:412-414. Datta, S. K., and R. S. Schwartz. 1977. Mendelian segregation of loci controlling xenotropic virus production in NZB crosses. Virology 83:449-452. Datta, S. K., N. Manny, C. Andrzejewski, J. Andri-Schwartz. and R. S. Schwartz. 1978a. Genetic studies of autoimmunity and retrovirus expression in crosses of New Zealand black mice. I. Xenotropic virus. J. Exp. Med. 147:854-871. Datta, S. K., P. J. McConahey. N. Manny, A. N. Theofilopoulos, F. J. Dixon, and R. S. Schwartz. 1978b. Genetic studies of autoimmunity and retrovirus expression in crosses of New Zealand black mice. II. The viral envelope glycoprotein gp70. J. Exp. Med. 147:872- 881. Datta, S. K., F. L. Owen, J. E. Womack. and R. J. Riblet. 1982. Analysis of recombinant inbred lines derived from "autoimmune'' (NZB) and ''high leukemia" (C58) strains: In- dependent multigenic systems control B cell hyperactivity, retrovirus expression, and au- toimmunity. J. Immunol. 129: 1539- 1544. Datta, S. K., H. Patel, and D. Berry. 1987. Induction of a cationic shift in IgG anti-DNA autoantibodies. Role of T helper cells with classical and novel phenotypes in three murine models of lupus nephritis. J. Exp. Med. 165: 1252- 1268.

REFERENCES 175 David, C. S. 1984. H-2 regulation of autoimmune and infectious diseases. Pp. 63-75 in Immunogenetics. Its Application to Clinical Medicine, T. Sasazuki and T. Tada, eds. Pro- ceedings of the International Symposium on Immunogenetics, held August 17-19, 1983, in Tokyo, Japan. Tokyo: Academic Press. Davidson, W. F. 1982. Immunologic abnormalities of the autoimmune mouse, Palmerston North. J. Immunol. 129:751-758. Davidson, W. F., K. L. Holmes, J. B. Roths, and H. C. Morse III. 1985. Immunologic abnormalities of mice bearing the gld mutation suggest a common pathway for murine nonmalignant lymphoproliferative disorders with autoimmunity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82: 1219-1223. Davidson, W. F., F. J. Dumont, H. G. Bedigian, B. J. Fowlkes, and H. C. Morse III. 1986. Phenotypic, functional, and molecular genetic comparisons of the abnormal lymphoid cells of C3H-lprllpr and C3H-gldlgld mice. J. Immunol. 136:4075-4084. Davies, A. J. S. 1969. The thymus and the cellular basis of immunity. Transplant. Rev. 1:43- 91. Davies, E. V., A. M. T. Singleton, and J. M. Blackwell. 1988. Differences in Lsh gene control over systemic Leishmania major and Leishmania donovani or Leishmania mexicana mexicana. Infections are caused by differential targeting to infiltrating and resident liver macrophage populations. Infect. Immun. 56:1128-1134. Davis, J. K., R. B. Thorp, and G. H. Cassell. 1982. Murine respiratory mycoplasmosis: Lesion development in relation to hereditary and ~mmune responsiveness. Rev. Infect. Dis. 4:S239 (abstr.). Debray-Sachs, M., M. Dardenne, P. Sai, W. Savino, M. C. Quiniou, D. Boillot, W. Gepts, and R. Assan. 1983. Anti-islet immunity and thymic dysfunction in the mutant diabetic C57BL/KsJ-db/db mouse. Diabetes 32: 1048- 1054. De Cordoba, S. R., and P. Rubinstein. 1986. Quantitative variations of the C3b/C4b receptor (CRT) in human erythrocytes are controlled by genes within the regulator of complement activation (RCA) gene cluster. J. Exp. Med. 164:1274-1283. De Maeyer-Guignard, J., A. Cachard-Thomas, and E. De Maeyer. 1984. Naturally occurring anti-interferon antibodies in LOU/C rats. J. Immunol. 133:775-778. Denis, M., A. Forget, M. Pelletier, and E. Skamene. 1988. Pleiotropic effects of the Bcg gene. I. Antigen presentation in genetically susceptible and resistant congenic mouse strains. J. Immunol. 140:2395-2400. Dent, P. B. 1972. Immunodepression by oncogenic viruses. Prog. Med. Virol. 14:1-35. DeRossi, A., E. D'Andrea, G. Biasi, D. Collavo, end e. Chieco-Bianchi. 1983. Protection from spontaneous lymphoma development in SJL/J (v+) mice neonatally injected with dualtropic SJL-151 virus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 80:2775-2779. Descotes, J. 1988. Immunotoxicology of Drugs and Chemicals, 2d ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier. 444 pp. Diamond, R. D., J. E. May, M. A. Kane, M. M. Frank, and J. E. Bennett. 1974. The role of the classical and alternate complement pathways in host defenses against Cryptococcus neoformans infection. J. Immunol. 112:2260-2270. Dickie, M. M. 1964. Lethargic (Ih) mutant mouse. Mouse News Lett. 30:31. Dickie, M. M. 1967. New mutations. Mouse News Lett. 36:39. Dinsley, M. 1976. Gnotobiotic animals: 2. Pp. 147-149 in The UFAW Handbook on the Care and Management of Laboratory Animals, 5th ed. . Universities Federation for Animal Welfare (UFAW), ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. Dixon, F. J., M. B. A. Oldstone, and G. Tonietti. 1969. Virus-induced immune-complex- type glomerulonephritis. Transplant. Proc. 1 :945-948. Doody, D. P., E. J. Wilson, D. N. Medearis, and R. H. Rubin. 1986. Changes in the phenotype

1 76 REFERENCES of T-cell subset determinants following murine cytomegalovirus infection. Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 40:466-475. Dorries, R., R. Watanabe, H. Wege, and V. ter Meulen. 1987. Analysis of the intrathecal humoral immune response in Brown Norway (BN) rats, infected with the murine coronavirus JHM. J. Neuroimmunol. 14:305-316. Dorshkind, K., G. M. Keller, R. A. Phillips, R. G. Miller, G. C. Bosma, M. O'Toole, and M. J. Bosma. 1984. Functional status of cells from lymphoid and myeloid tissues in mice with severe combined immunodeficiency disease. J. Immunol. 132:1804-1808. Dorshkind, K., S. B. Pollack, M. J. Bosma, and R. A. Phillips. 1985. Natural killer (NK) cells are present in mice with severe combined immunodeficiency (scid). J. Immunol. 134:3798-3801. Dueymes, M., G. J. Fournie, M. Mignon-Conte, S. In, and J. J. Conte. 1986. Prevention of lupus diseases in MRL/1, NZB x NZW, and BXSB mice treated with a cyclophosphazene derived drug. Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 41:193-205. Dumont, F., F. Robert, and P. Bischoff. 1979. T and B lymphocytes in pituitary dwarf Snell- Bagg mice. Immunology 38:23-31. Dung, H. C. 1981. Lethargic mice. Pp. 17-37 in Immunologic Defects in Laboratory Animals, Vol. 2, M. E. Gershwin and B. Merchant, eds. New York: Plenum. Dunn, L. C. 1937. Studies on spotting patterns. II. Genetic analysis of variegated spotting in the house mouse. Genetics 22:43-64. Dunn, T. B. 1954. Normal and pathologic anatomy of the reticular tissue in laboratory mice, with a classification and discussion of neoplasms. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 14:1281-1433. Dupuy, J.-M., C. Dupuy, and D. Decarie. 1984. Genetically determined resistance to mouse hepatitis virus 3 is expressed in hematopoietic donor cells in radiation chimeras. J. Immunol. 133:1609-1613. Duquesnoy, R. J., and R. A. Good. 1970. Prevention of immunologic deficiency in pituitary dwarf mice by prolonged nursing. J. Immunol. 104:1553-1555. Duquesnoy, R. J., and G. M. Pedersen. 1981. Immunologic and hematologic deficiencies of the hypopituitary dwarf mouse. Pp. 309-324 in Immunologic Defects in Laboratory Animals, Vol. 1, M. E. Gershwin and B. Merchant, eds. New York: Plenum. Duquesnoy, R. J., P. K. Kalpaktsoglou, and R. A. Good. 1970. Immunological studies of the Snell-Bagg pituitary dwarf mouse. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 133:201-206. Durant, S. 1986. In vivo effects of catecholamines and glucocorticoids on mouse thymic cAMP content and thymolysis. Cell. Immunol. 102:136-143. Dyrberg, T., A. F. Nakhooda, S. Baekkeskov, A. Lernmark, P. Poussier, and E. B. Marliss. 1982. Islet cell surface antibodies and lymphocyte antibodies in the spontaneously diabetic BB Wistar rat. Diabetes 31 :278-281. Easmon, C. S. F., and A. A. Glynn. 1976. Comparison of subcutaneous and intraperitoneal staphylococcal infections in normal and complement- deficient mice. Infect. Immun. 13:399- 406. East, J. 1970. Immunopathology and neoplasms in New Zealand black (NZB) and SJL/J mice. Prog. Exp. Tumor Res. 13:85-134. East, J., A. B. de Sousa, P. R. Prosser, and H. Jaquet. 1967. Malignant changes in New Zealand black mice. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 2:427-443. Eastcott, J. W., R. S. Schwartz, and S. K. Datta. 1983. Genetic analysis of the inheritance of B cell hyperactivity in relation to the development of autoantibodies and glomerulonephritis in NZB x SWR crosses. J. Immunol. 131:2232-2239. Eaton, G. J. 1976. Hair growth cycles and wave patterns in "nude" mice. Transplantation 22:217-222. Eaton, G. J., H. C. Outzen, R. P. Custer, and F. N. Johnson. 1975. Husbandry of the "nude'' mouse in conventional and germfree environments. Lab. Anim. Sci. 25:309-314.

REFERENCES 177 Eden, C. S., R. Shahin, and D. Briles. 1988. Host resistance to mucosal gram-negative infection. Susceptibility of lipopolysaccharide nonresponder mice. J. Immunol. 140:3180- 3185. Eicher, E. M. 1976. Remutations. Mouse News Lett. 54:40. Eicher, E. M., and W. G. Beamer. 1980. New mouse dw allele: Genetic location and effects on lifespan and growth hormone levels. J. Hered. 71:187-190. Eilat, D., D. M. Webster, and A. R. Rees. 1988. V region sequences of anti-DNA and anti- RNA autoantibodies from NZB/NZW Fit mice. J. Immunol. 141:1745-1753. Eisenberg, R. A., and F. J. Dixon. 1980. Effect of castration on male-determined acceleration of autoimmune disease in BXSB mice. J. Immunol. 125: 1959-1961. Ek-Rylander, B., S. C. Marks, Jr., L. Hammarstrom, and G. Andersson. 1989. Osteoclastic acid ATPase Biochemical and histochemical studies of the three osteopetrotic mutations in the rat. Bone Mineral 5:309-321. Elder, M. E., and N. K. MacLaren. 1983. Identification of profound peripheral T lymphocyte immunodeficiencies in the spontaneously diabetic BB rat. J. Immunol. 130:1723-1731. Elder, M., N. MacLaren, W. Riley, and T. McConnell. 1982. Gastric parietal cell and other autoantibodies in the BB rat. Diabetes 31:313-318. Elftman, H., and O. Wegelius. 1959. Anterior pituitary cytology of the dwarf mouse. Anat. Rec. 135:43-49. Elin, R. J., J. B. Edelin, and S. M. Wolff. 1974. Infection and immunoglobulin concentrations in Chediak-Higashi mice. Infect. Immun. 10: 88-91. Elliott, R. B., S. N. Reddy, N. J. Bibby, and K. Kida. 1988. Dietary prevention of diabetes in the non-obese diabetic mouse. Diabetolog~a 31:62-64. Ellman, L., I. Green, and M. Frank. 1970. Genetically controlled total deficiency of the fourth component of complement in the guinea pig. Science 170:74-75. Ellman, L., I. Green, F. Judge, and M. M. Frank. 1971. In vivo studies in C4-deficient guinea pigs. J. Exp. Med. 134: 162- 175. Engleman, E. G., G. Sonnenfeld, M. Dauphinee, J. S. Greenspan, N. Talal, H. O. McDevitt, and T. C. Merigan. 1981. Treatment of NZB/NZW F~ hybrid mice with Mycobacterium bovis strain BCG or type II interferon preparations accelerates autoimmune disease. Arthritis Rheum. 24:1396-1402. Erickson, K. L., and M. E. Gershwin. 1981. Hereditarily athymic-asplenic (lasat) mice. Pp. 297-308 in Immunologic Defects in Laboratory Animals, Vol. 1~ M. E. Gershwin and B. Merchant, eds. New York: Plenum. Erickson, R. P., D. K. Tachibana, L. A. Herzenberg, and L. T. Rosenberg. 1964. A single gene controlling hemolytic complement and a serum antigen in the mouse. J. Immunol. 92:611-615. Evans, M. M., W. G. Williamson, and W. J. Irvine. 1968. The appearance of immunological competence at an early age in New Zealand black mice. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 3:375-383. Evans, S. F., N. W. Nisbet, M. J. Marshall, and D. Catty. 1985. A secondary immune deficiency in the Fatty/Orl-op rat. Br. J. Exp. Pathol. 66:251-255. Falconer, D. S., and J. H. Isaacson. 1959. Adipose, a new inherited obesity of the mouse. J. Hered. 50:290-292. Fenner, F. 1949. Mouse-pox (~.nfectious ectromelia of mice): A review. J. Immunol. 63:341- 373. Fernandes, G. 1984. Nutritional factors: Modulating effects on immune function and aging. Pharmacol. Rev. 36:123S-129S. Fernandes, G., E. J. Yunis, and R. A. Good. 1975. Depression of cytotoxic T cell subpopulation in mice by hydrocortisone treatment. Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 4:304-313. Fernandes, G., E. J. Yunis, and R. A. Good. 1976. Influence of diet on survival of mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 73:1279-1283.

178 REFERENCES Fernandes, G., B. S. Handwerger, E. J. Yunis, and D. M. Brown. 1978. Immune response in the mutant diabetic C57BL/Ks-db + mouse. Discrepancies between in vitro and in vivo immunological assays. J. Clin. Invest. 61:243-250. Ferreira, A., M. Takahashi, and V. Nussenzweig. 1977. Purification and characterization of mouse serum protein with specific binding affinity for C4 (Ss protein). J. Exp. Med. 146: 1001-1018. Festing, M. F. W. 1981. Athymic nude rats. Pp. 267-283 in Immunologic Defects in Lab- oratory Animals, Vol. 1, M. E. Gershwin and B. Merchant, eds. New York: Plenum. Festing, M. F. W., D. May, T. A. Connors, D. Lovell, and S. Sparrow. 1978. An athymic nude mutation in the rat. Nature (London) 274:365-366. Fidler, I. J. 1977. Depression of macrophages in mice drinking hyperchlorinated water. Nature (London) 270:735-736. Fieser, T. M., M. E. Gershwin A. D. Steinberg, F. J. Dixon, and A. N. Theofilopoulos. 1984. Abrogation of marine lupus by the xid gene is associated with reduced responsiveness of B cells to T-cell-helper signals. Cell. Immunol. 87:708-713. Fitzgerald, K. L., and N. M. Ponzio. 1 98 1 . Natural killer cell activity in reticulum-cell sarcomas of SJL/J mice. II. Analysis of RCS-associated NK activity. Int. J. Cancer 28:627-634. Flanagan, S. P. 1966. "Nude," a new hairless gene with pleiotropic effects in the mouse. Genet. Res. 8:295-309. Flatt, P. R., A. J. Bone, and C. J. Bailey. 1985. Islet cell surface antibodies in genetically obese hyperglycaemic (oblob) mice. Biosci. Rep. 5:715-720. Fletcher, M. P., R. M. Ikeda, and M. E. Gershwin. 1977. Splenic influence of T cell function: The immunobiology of the inbred hereditarily asplenic mouse. J. Immunol. 119:110-117. Fodstad, 0., C. T. Hansen, G. B. Cannon, and M. R. Boyd. 1984a. Immune characteristics of the beige-nude mouse. A model for studying immune surveillance. Scand. J. Immunol. 20:267-272. Fodstad, 0., C. T. Hansen, G. B. Cannon, C. N. Statham, G. R. Lichtenstein, and M. R. Boyd. 1984b. Lack of correlation between natural killer activity and tumor growth control in nude mice w~th different ~mmune defects. Cancer Res. 44:4403-4408. Fossum, S., M. E. Smith, E. B. Bell, and W. L. Ford. 1980. The architecture of rat lymph nodes. III. The lymph nodes and lymph-borne cells of the congenitally athymic nude rat (rnu). Scand. J. Immunol. 12:421-432. Foster, H. L., J. D. Small, and J. G. Fox, eds. 1982. The Mouse in Biomedical Research. Vol. II: Diseases. New York: Academic Press. 449 pp. Fox, J. G., B. J. Cohen. and F. M. Loew, eds. 1984. Laboratory Animal Medicine. Orlando, Fla.: Academic Press. 750 pp. Fraker, P. J., S. M. Haas, and R. W. Luecke. 1977. Effect of zinc deficiency on the immune response of the young adult A/J mouse. J. Nutr. 107:1889-1895. Frank, M. M., J. May, T. Gaither, and L. Ellman. 1971. In vitro studies of complement function in sera of C4-deficient guinea pigs. J. Exp. Med. 134:176-187. Fujiwara, M., and B. Cinader. 1974a. Cellular aspects of tolerance. IV. Strain variations of tolerance induceability. Cell. Immunol. 12:11-29. Fujiwara, M., and B. Cinader. 1974b. Cellular aspects of tolerance. V. The in vivo cooperative role of accessory and thymus derived cells in responsiveness and unresponsiveness of SJL mice. Cell. Immunol. 12:194-204. Fulop, G. M., and R. A. Phillips. 1986. Full reconstitution of the immune deficiency ~n scid with normal stem cells requires low-dose irradiation of the recipients. J. Immunol. 136:4438- 4443. Fulop, G. M., G. C. Bosma, M. J. Bosma, and R. A. Phillips. 1988. Early B-cell precursors in scid mice: Normal numbers of cells transformable with Abelson murine leukemia virus (A-MuLV). Cell. Immunol. 113: 192-201.

REFERENCES 1 79 Fultz, P. N., J. A. Shadduck, C. Y. Kang, and J. W. Streilein. 1981. Involvement of cells of hematopoietic origin in genetically determined resistance of Syrian hamsters to vesicular stomatitis virus. Infect. Immun. 34:540-549. Gabrielsen, A. E., and R. A. Good. 1967. Chemical suppression of adaptive immunity. Adv. Immunol. 6:91-229. Gallin, J. I., J. S. Bujak, E. Patten, and S. M. Wolff. 1974. Granulocyte function in the Chediak-Higashi syndrome of mice. Blood 43:201-206. Garlinghouse, L. E., Jr., and G. L. Van Hoosier, Jr. 1978. Studies on adjuvant-induced arthritis, tumor transplantability, and serologic response to bovine serum albumin in Sendai virus infected rats. Am. J. Vet. Res. 39:297-300. Gavalchin, J., and S. K. Datta. 1987. The NZB x SWR model of lupus nephritis. II. Autoantibodies deposited in renal lesions show a distinctive and restricted idiotypic diversity. J. Immunol. 138:138-148. Gavalchin, J., J. A. Nicklas, J. W. Eastcott, M. P. Madaio, B. D. Stollar, R. S. Schwartz and S. K. Datta. 1985. Lupus prone (SWR x NZB)F~ mice produce potentially nephritogenic autoantibodies inherited from the normal SWR parent. J. Immunol. 134:885-894. Gavalchin, J., R. A. Seder, and S. K. Datta. 1987. The NZB x SWR model of lupus nephritis. I. Cross-reactive idiotypes of monoclonal anti-DNA antibodies in relation to antigenic spec- ificity, charge, and allotype. Identification of interconnected idiotype families inherited from the normal SWR and the autoimmune NZB parents. J. Immunol. 138:128-137. Gazdar, A. F., W. Beitzel, and N. Talal. 1971. The age related response of New Zealand mice to a murine sarcoma virus. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 8:501-509. Geiger, J. D., and J. I. Nagy. 1986. Lack of adenosine deaminase deficiency in the mutant mouse wasted. FEBS Lett. 208:431-434. Gelfand, J. A., D. L. Hurley, A. S. Fauci, and M. M. Frank. 1978. Role of complement in host defense against experimental disseminated candidiasis. J. Infect. Dis. 138:9-16. Gershwin, M. E., Y. Ohsugi, A. Ahmed, J. J. Castles, R. Scibienski, and R. M. Ikeda. 1980. Studies of congenitally immunologically mutant New Zealand mice. IV. Development of autoimmunity in congenitally athymic (nude) New Zealand black x white F1 hybrid mice. J. Immunol. 125:1189-1195. Ghaffer, A., R. D. Paul, W. Lichter, L. L. Wellham, and M. M. Sigel. 1981. Selective action of alkylating agents on helper and suppressor functions. Pp. 210-228 in Biological Relevance of Immune Suppression as Induced by Genetic, Therapeutic and Environmental Factors, J. H. Dean and M. Padarathsingh, eds. Proceedings of a technology assessment workshop held November 13-14, 1979, in Williamsburg, Va. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold. Ghatak, S., K. Sainis, F. L. Owen, and S. K. Datta. 1987. T-cell-receptor p- and I-A,-chain genes of normal SWR mice are linked with the development of lupus nephtitis in NZB x SWR crosses. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84:6850-6853. Glode, L. M., and D. L. Rosenstreich. 1976. Genetic control of B cell activation by bacterial lipopolysaccharide is mediated by multiple distinct genes or alleles. J. Immunol. 117:2061- 2066. Glode, L. M., A. Jacques, S. E. Mergenhagen, and D. L. Rosenstreich. 1977. Resistance of macrophages from C3H/HeJ mice to the in vitro cytotoxic effects of endotoxin. J. Immunol. 119: 162-166. Glynn, A. A., and F. A. Medhurst. 1967. Possible extracellular and intracellular bactericidal actions of mouse complement. Nature (London) 213:608-610. Goldberger, G., F. S. Cole, L. P. Einstein, H. S. Auerbach, D. Bitter-Suermann, and H. R. Colten. 1982. Biosynthesis of a structurally abnormal C2 complement protein by macro- phages from C2-deficient guinea pigs. J. Immunol. 129:2061-2065. Golding, B., H. Golding, P. G. Foiles, and J. I. Morton. 1983. CBA/N X-linked defect delays

1 80 REFERENCES expression of the Y-linked accelerated autoimmune disease in BXSB mice. J. Immunol. 130:1043-1046. Goldings, E. A. 1988. Defective B-cell tolerance in New Zealand black mice. Cell. Immunol. 113:183-191. Goldings, E. A., P. L. Cohen, S. F. McFadden M. Ziff, and E. S. Vitetta. 1980. Defective B cell tolerance in adult (NZB x NZW)F1. J. Exp. Med. 152:730-735. Goldman, M. B., and J. N. Goldman. 1976. Relationship of functional levels of early com- ponents of complement to the H-2 complex of mice. J. Immunol. 117:1584-1588. Goldner-Sauve, A. J., S. Ono, G. J. Prud'homme, R. D. Guttman, E. Colle, and A. Fuks. 1986. A permissive role for the major histocompatibility complex in the spontaneous syn- drome of insulin dependent diabetes in the BB rat. Rat News Lett. 17:17-18. Goldowitz, D., P. M. Shipman, J. F. Porter, and R. R. Schmidt. 1985. Longitudinal assessment of immunologic abnormalities of mice with the autosomal recessive mutation, "wasted." J. Immunol. 135: 1806-1812. Gordon, J. 1977. Modification of pigmentation patterns in allophonic mice by the W gene. Differentiation 9:19-27. Green, E. L. 1966. Breeding systems. Pp. 11-22 in Biology of the Laboratory Mouse, 2d ea., E. L. Green, ed. New York: McGraw-Hill. Green, M. C. 1966. Mutant genes and linkages. Pp. 87-150 in Biology of the Laboratory Mouse, 2d ea., E. L. Green, ed. New York: McGraw-Hill. Green, M. C. 1967. A defect of the splanchnic mesoderm caused by the mutant gene dominant hemimelia in the mouse. Dev. Biol. 15:62-89. Green, M. C. 1981. Catalog of mutant genes and polymorphic loci. Pp. 8-278 in Genetic Variants and Strains of the Laboratory Mouse, M. C. Green, ed. Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer Verlag. Green, M. C., and L. D. Shultz. 1975. Motheaten, an immunodeficient mutant of the mouse. I. Genetics and pathology. J. Hered. 66:250-258. Greenhouse, D. D., M. F. W. Festing, S. Hasan, and A. L. Cohen. In press. Catalog of inbred strains. In Genetic Monitoring of Inbred Strains of Rats. A Manual on Colony Management, Basic Monitoring Techniques, and Genetic Variants of the Laboratory Rat, H. J. Hedrich, ed. Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer Verlag. Greenlee, J. E. 1981. Effect of host age on experimental K virus infection in mice. Infect. Immun. 33:297-303. Greep, R. O. 1941. An hereditary absence of the incisor teeth. J. Hered. 32:397-398. Greiner, D. L. 1986. The spontaneously diabetic Bio-Breeding (BB) rat: T cell subset defi- ciencies and their possible relationship to diabetes. Rat News Lett. 17:11-16. Greiner, D. L., I. Goldschneider, K. L. Komschlies, E. S. Medlock, F. J. Bollum, and L. Shultz. 1986a. Defective lymphopoiesis in bone marrow of motheaten (melme) and viable motheaten (meV/met) mutant mice. I. Analysis of development of prothymocytes, early B lineage cells, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-positive cells. J. Exp. Med. 164:1129- 1144. Greiner, D. L., E. S. Handler, K. Nakano, J. P. Mordes, and A. A. Rossini. 1986b. Absence of the RT-6 T cell subset in diabetes-prone BB/W rats. J. Immunol. 136:148-151. Gripois, D., C. Klein, and M. Valens. 1980. Influence of hypo- and hyperthyroidism on noradrenaline metabolism in brown adipose tissue of the developing rat. Biol. Neonate 37:53-59. Gros, P., E. Skamene, and A. Forget. 1981. Genetic control of natural resistance to Myco- bacterium bovis (BCG) in mice. J. Immunol. 127:2417-2421. Groscurth, P., M. Muntener, and G. Tondury. 1974. The postnatal development of the thymus in the nude mouse. 1. Light microscopic observations. Pp. 31-36 in Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Nude Mice, J. Rygaard and C. O. Povlsen eds. Proceedings

REFERENCES 18 1 of a workshop held October 11-13, 1973, in Scanticon, Aarhus, Denmark. Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer Verlag. Gruneberg, H. 1935. A new sub-lethal colour mutation in the house mouse. Proc. R. Soc. Ser. B 118:321-342. Gruneberg, H. 1936. Grey-lethal, a new mutation In the house mouse. J. Hered. 27:105-109. Gruneberg, H. 1938. Some new data on the gray-lethal mouse. J. Genet. 36:153-170. Guberski, D. L., L. Butler, and A. A. Like. 1988. The BBZ/Wor rat: An obese animal with autoimmune diabetes. Pp. 268-271 in Frontiers in Diabetes Research. Lessons from Animal Diabetes II, E. Shafrir and A. E. Renold, eds. London: John Libbey & Co. Guberski, D. L., L. Butler, W. Kastern, and A. A. Like. In press. Genetic studies in inbred BB/Wor rats: Analysis of progeny produced by crossing lymphopenic diabetes-prone with non lymphopenic diabetic rats. Diabetes. Guttmann, R. D., E. Colle, F. Michel, and T. Seemayer. 1983. Spontaneous diabetes mellitus in the rat. II. T lymphopenia and its association with clinical disease and pancreatic lym- phocytic infiltration . J . Immunol . 130: 1732- 1735. Ha, T. Y., N. D. Reed, and P. K. Crowle. 1983. Delayed expulsion of adult Trichinella spiralis by mast cell-deficient W/Wt mice. Infect. Immun. 41:445-447. Hackett, J., G. C. Bosma, M. J. Bosma, M. Bennett, and V. Kumar. 1986. Transplantable progenitors of natural killer cells are distinct from those of T and B lymphocytes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83:3427-3431. Haddada, H., I. Chouroulinkov, and C. De Vaux St Cyr. 1982. Nude Syrian hamsters: Some immunological and histological characteristics. Immunol. Lett. 4:327-333. Hadley, J. G., D. E. Gardner, D. L. Coffin, and D. B. Menzel. 1977. Inhibition of antibody- mediated rosette formation by alveolar macrophages: A sensitive assay for metal toxicity. J. Reticuloendothel. Soc. 22:417-425. Hall, R. E., and H. R. Colten. 1977. Cell-free synthesis of the fourth component of guinea pig complement (C4): Identification of a precursor of serum C4 (pro-C4). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 74: 1707-1710. Halle-Pannenko, O., and M. Bruley-Rosset. 1985. Decreased graft-versus-host reaction and T cell cytolytic potential of beige mice. Transplantation 39:85-87. Hamilton, J. R., J. C. Overall, Jr., and L. A. Glasgow. 1976. Synergistic effect on mortality in mice with murine cytomegalovirus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, or Candida albicans infections. Infect~. Immun. 14:982-989. Hammer, C. H., T. Gaither, and M. M. Frank. 1981. Complement deficiencies of laboratory animals. Pp. 207-240 in Immunologic Defects in Laboratory Animals, Vol. 2, M. E. Gershwin and B. Merchant, eds. New York: Plenum. Hang, L., A. N. Theofilopoulos, and F. J. Dixon. 1982. A spontaneous rheumatoid arthritis- like disease in MRL/1 mice. J. Exp. Med. 155: 1690-1701. Haran-Ghera, N., M. Ben-Yaakov, A. Peled, and Z. Bentwich. 1973. Immune status of SJL/J mice in relation to age and spontaneous tumor development. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 50: 1227-1235. Ha~Tison, D. E., and C. M. Astle. 1976. Population of lymphoid tissues in cured W-anemic mice by donor cells. Transplantation 22:42-46. Harrison, D. E., J. R. Archer, and C. M. Astle. 1984. Effects of food restriction on aging: Separation of food intake and adiposity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81:1835-1838. Hashimoto, K., Y. Okada, T. Tajiri, H. Amano, N. Aoki, and S. Sasaki. 1973. Intestinal resistance in the experimental enteric infection of mice with a mouse adenovirus. III. Sup- pressive effect of cyclophosphamide on the establishment and duration of the intestinal resistance. Jpn. J. Microbiol. 17:503-511. Haspel, M. V., T. Onodera, B. S. Prabnakar, M. Horita, H. Suzuki, and A. L. Notkins.

1 82 REFERENCES 1983. Virus-~nduced autoimmunity: Monoclonal antibodies that react with endocrine tissues. Science 220:304-306. Hass, G. M., G. H. Laing, R. M. Gait, and P. A. McCreary. 1981. Recent advances: Immunopathology of magnesium deficiency in rats. Induction of tumors; incidence, trans- mission and prevention of lymphoma-leukemia. Magnesium Bull. 3(suppl. la):217-228. Hattori, M., J. B. Buse, R. A. Jackson, L. Glimcher, M. E. Dorf, M. Minami, S. Makino, K. Moriwaki, H. Kuzuya, H. Imura, W. M. Strauss, J. G. Seidman, and G. S. Eisenbarth. 1986. The NOD mouse: Recessive diabetogenic gene in the major histocompatibility com- plex. Science 231 :733-735. Hauser, W. E., Jr., and J. S. Remington. 1982. Effects of antibiotics on the immune response. Am. J. Med. 72:711-716. Hayakawa, K., R. R. Hardy, D. R. Parks, and L. A. Herzenberg. 1983. The "Ly-1 B" cell subpopulation in normal, immunodefective, and autoimmune mice. J. Exp. Med. 157:202- 218. Hayashi, S.-I., P. L. Witte, L. D. Shultz, and P. W. Kincade. 1988. Lymphohemopoiesis in culture is prevented by interaction with adherent bone marrow cells from mutant viable motheaten mice. J. Immunol. 140:2139-2147. Hedrich, H. J., K. Wonigeit, and R. Schwinzer. 1987. In vivo alloreactivity and xenoreactivity of athymic nude rats. Transplant. Proc. 19:3199-3202. Heiniger, H. J., H. Meier, N. Kaliss, M. Cherry, H. W. Chen, and R. D. Stoner. 1974. Hereditary immunodeficiency and leukemogenesis in HRS/J mice. Cancer Res. 34:201- 211. Hemphill, E. F., M. L. Kasberk, and W. B. Buck. 1971. Lead suppression of mouse resistance to Salmonella typhimur~um. Science 172:1031-1032. Hendrickson, E. A., D. G. Schatz, and D. T. Weaver. 1988. The scid gene encodes a trans- acting factor that mediates the rejoining event of Ig gene rearrangement. Genes Dev. 2:817- 829. Hermann, L. M., W. J. White, and C. M. Lang. 1982. Prolonged exposure to acid, chlorine. or tetracycline in drinking water: Effects on delayed-type hypersensitivity, hemagglutination titers, and reticuloendothelial clearance rates in mice. Lab. Anim. Sci. 32:603-608. Herold, K. C., W. Kastern, H. Markholst, A. Lernmark, and B. E. Andreasen. In press. Derivation of non-lymphopenic BB rats with an intercross breeding. Autoimmunity. Hertwig, P. 1942. Neue mutationen und koppelungsgruppen bei der Hausmaus. Z. Indukt. Abstamm. Vererbungsl. 80:220-246. Hetherington, C. M., and M. A. Hegan. 1975. Breeding nude (nulnu) mice. Lab. Anim. (London) 9:19-20. Hiai, H., H. Ikeda, H. Kaneshima, T. Odaka, and Y. Nishizuka. 1982. Slvr-1: A new epistatic host gene restricting expression of endogenous ecotropic virus in SL/Ni mice is distinct from Fv-4. Nippon Gan Gakkai Sokai Kiji (Proc. Annul Meeting Jpn. Cancer Assoc.) 41:335 (abstr. 1175). Hicks, J. T., F. A. Ennis, E. Kim, and M. Verbonitz. 1978. The importance of an intact complement pathway in recovery from a primary viral infection: Influenza in decomple- mented and C5-deficient mice. J. Immunol. 121:1437-1445. Higuchi, K., T. Yonezu, K. Kogishi, A. Matsumura, S. Takeshita, K. Higuchi, A. Kohno, M. Matsushita, M. Hosokawa, and T. Takeda. 1986. Purification and characterization of a senile amyloid-related antigenic substance (apoSASsAM) from mouse serum. ApoSASsAM is an apoA-II apolipoprotein of mouse high density lipoproteins. J. Biol. Chem. 261:12834- 12840. Hobart, M. 1984. Agreement now the norm. The biochemistry and genetics of complement. Immunol. Today 5: 121- 125.

REFERENCES 183 Hoiseth, S. K., and B. A. D. Stocker. 1981. Aromatic-dependent Salmonella typhimurium are non-virulent and effective as live vaccines. Nature (London) 291:238-239. Hormaeche, C. E. 1980. The in vivo division and death rates of Salmonella typhimurium in the spleens of naturally resistant and susceptible mice measured by the superinfecting phage technique of Meynell. Immunology 41:973-979. Hosokawa, T., M. Hosono, K. Higuchi, A. Aoike, K. Kawai, and T. Takeda. 1987a. Immune responses in newly developed short-lived SAM mice. I. Age-associated early decline in immune activities of cultured spleen cells. Immunology 62:419-423. Hosokawa, T., M. Hosono, K. Hanada, A. Aoike, K. Kawai, and T. Takeda. 1987b. Immune responses in newly developed short-lived SAM mice. II. Selectively impaired T-helper cell activity in in vitro antibody response. Immunology 62:425-429. Hotchin, J. 1962. The biology of lymphocytic choriomeningitis infection: Virus-induced im- mune disease. Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. 27:479-499. Howie, J. B., and L. O. Simpson. 1976. Autoimmune diseases in NZB mice and their hybrids. Pp. 124-141 (chapter 4, suppl. 2) in Lupus Erythematosus, A Review of the Current Status of Discoid and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Their Varients, revised 2d ea., E. L. Dubois, ed. Los Angeles: University of Southern California Press. Hsu, C.-K. 1976. Immunology. Pp. 479-518 in Handbook of Laboratory Animal Science, Vol. III, E. C. Melby, Jr., and N. H. Altman, eds. Cleveland: CRC Press. Hsu, C.-K., A. E. New, and J. G. Mayo. 1980. Quality assurance of rodent models. Pp. 17- 28 in Animal Quality and Models in Biomedical Research, A. Spiegel, S. Erichsen, and H. A. Solleveld, eds. Proceedings of the 7th Symposium of the International Council for Laboratory Animal Science (ICLAS) held August 21-23, 1979, in Utrecht, The Netherlands. Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer Verlag. Huber, B. 1982. B cell differentiation antigens as probes for functional B cell subsets. Immunol. Rev. 64:57-79. Huber, B., R. K. Gershon, and H. Cantor. 1977. Identification of a B-cell surface structure involved in antigen-dependent triggering: Absence of this structure on B cells from CBA/N mutant mice. J. Exp. Med. 145:10-20. Hudson, L., and F. C. Hay. 1976. Radioimmunoassay. Pp. 230-232 in Practical Immunology. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific. Hughes, W. T., D. L. Bartley, and B. M. Smith. 1983. A natural source of infection due to Pneumocystis carinii. J. Infect. Dis. 147:595 (summary). Hummel, K. P., M. M. Dickie, and D. L. Coleman. 1966. Diabetes, a new mutation in the mouse. Science 153:1127- 1128. Hummel, K. P., D. L. Coleman, and P. W. Lane. 1972. The influence of genetic background on expression of mutations at the diabetes locus in the mouse. I. C57BL/KsJ and C57BL/6J strains. Biochem. Genet. 7:1-13. Hu~nmel, K. P., D. R. Chapman, and D. L. Coleman. 1973. Allele test. Mouse News Lett. 48:34. Hunig, T., and M. J. Bevan. 1980. Specificity of cytotoxic T cells from athymic mice. J. Exp. Med. 152:688-702. Hyde, R. R. 1923. Complement-deficient guinea pig serum. J. Immunol. 8:267-286. ICLAS (International Council for Laboratory Animal Science). 1987. Interrelationships be- tween the animal's nutrition and the experimental results. Pp. 1-21 in ICLAS Guidelines on the Selection and Formulation of Diets for Animals in Biomedical Research, M. E. Coates, ed. A report of the ICLAS Nutrition Working Group. London: Institute of Biology. Ikeda, R. M., and M. E. Gershwin. 1978. Congenitally athymic (nude) and congenitally athymic-asplenic mice: Contrasts and comparisons. Pp. 201-210 in Animal Models of Comparative and Developmental Aspects of Immunity and Disease, M. E. Gershwin and E. L. Cooper, eds. New York: Pergamon.

1 84 REFERENCES Ikegami, H., S. Makino, M. Harada, G. S. Eisenbarth, and M. Hattori. 1988. The cataract Shionogi mouse, a sister strain of the non-obese diabetic mouse: Similar class II but different class I gene products. Diabetologia 31:254-258. Lkehara, S., T. Nakamura, K. Sekita, E. Muso, R. Yasumizu, H. Ohtsuki, Y. Hamashima, and R. A. Good. 1987. Treatment of systemic and organ-specific autoimmune disease in mice by allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Pp. 131-146 in Animal Models: Assessing the Scope of Their Use in Biomedical Research, J. Kawamata and E. C. Melby, Jr., eds. New York: Alan R. Liss. ILAR (Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources). 1970. Gnotobiotes: Standards and Guidelines for the Breeding, Care, and Management of Laboratory Animals. A report of the ILAR Subcommittee on Standards for Gnotobiotes, Committee on Standards. Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Sciences. 52 pp. ILAR (Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources). 1974. A Guide to Infectious Diseases of Guinea Pigs, Gerbils, Hamsters, and Rabbits. A report of the ILAR Committee on Laboratory Animal Diseases. ILAR News 17:ID1-ID16. ILAR (Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources). 1976. Guide for the Care and Use of the Nude (Thymus-Deficient) Mouse in Biomedical Research. A report of the ILAR Committee on Care and Use of the "Nude" Mouse. ILAR News l9:M1-M20. Ingalls, A. M., M. M. Dickie, and G. D. Snell. 1950. Obese, a new mutation in the house mouse. J. Hered. 4L:317-318. Ishida, Y., G. Ueda, K. Noguchi, R. Nagasawa, S. Hirose, H. Sato, and T. Shirai. 1987. Unique cell surface phenotypes of proliferating lymphocytes in mice homozygous for Ipr and gld mutations, defined by monoclonal antibodies to MRL/Mp-lpr/lpr T cells. Cell. Immunol. 105: 136- 146. Ishigatsubo, Y., D. M. Klinman, and A. D. Steinberg. 1987. Transfer of anti-DNA-producing B cells from NZB to unmanipulated xid recipients: Effects of age, sex, and environment. Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 45:244-251. Itaya, T., and Z. Ovary. 1979. Suppression of IgE antibody production in SJL mice. IV. Interaction of primed and unprimed T cells. J. Exp. Med. 150:507-516. Izui, S., and K. Masuda. 1984. Resistance to tolerance induction is not prerequisite to de velopment of murine SLE. J. Immunol. 133:3010-3014. Izui, S., P. J. McConahey, A. N. Theofilopoulos, and F. J. Dixon. 1979. Association of circulating retroviral gp70-anti-gp70 immune comolexes with murine sv~temic lunus erv- thematosus. J. Exp. Med. 149:1099-1116. _,_ _ ~r-~ ~~~ Izui, S., K. Masuda, H. Yoshida, V. E. Kelley, J. B. Roths, and I. Hara. 1984. The Ipr (lymphoproliferation) gene and retroviral gp70 gene in murine lupus. Pp. 45-61 in Recent Advances in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, P. H. Lambert, L. Perrin, and S. Izui, eds. London: Academic Press. Jackson, R., N. Rassi, T. Crump, B. Haynes, and G. S. Eisenbarth. 1981. The BB diabetic rat. Profound T-cell lymphocytopenia. Diabetes 30:887-889. Jackson, R. A., J. B. Buse, R. Rifai, D. Pelletier, E. L. Milford, C. B. Carpenter, G. S. Eisenbarth, and R. M. Williams. 1984. Two genes required for diabetes in BB rats. Evidence from cyclical intercrosses and backcrosses. J. Exp. Med. 159:1629-1636. Jacob, C. O., P. H. van der Meide, and H. O. McDevitt. 1987. In vivo treatment of (NZB x NZW)F1 lupus-like nephritis with monoclonal antibody to ~ interferon. J. Exp. Med. 166:798-803. Jahrling, P. B., S. Smith, R. A. Hesse, and J. B. Rhoderick. 1982. Pathogenesis of lassa virus infection in guinea pigs. Infect. Immun. 37:771-778. Jakab, G. J. 1981. Interactions between Sendai virus and bacterial pathogens in the murine lung: A review. Lab. Anim. Sci. 31:170-177. Jenkinson, E. J., W. van Ewijk, and J. J. T. Owen. 1981. Major histocompatibility complex

REFERENCES 1 85 antigen expression on the epithelium of the developing thymus in normal and nude mice. J. Exp. Med. 153:280-292. Jerrells, T. R. 1983. Association of an inflammatory I region-associated antigen-positive macrophage influx and genetic resistance of inbred mice to Rickettsia tsutsugamushi. Infect. Immun. 42:549-557. Jerrells, T. R., and J. V. Osterman. 1982. Role of macrophages in innate and acquired host resistance to experimental scrub typhus infection of inbred mice. Infect. Immun. 37:1066- 1073. Johnson, A. G. 1985. Regulation of the immune system by nucleic acids and polynucleotides. Pp. 107-119 in Biological Response Modifiers. New Approaches to Disease Intervention, P. F. Torrence, ed. Orlando, Fla.: Academic Press. Johnson, B. C., A. GaJjar, C. Kubo, and R. A. Good. 1986. Calories versus protein in onset of renal disease in NZB x NZW mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83:5659-5662. Johnson, D. A., and H. Meter. 1981. Immune responsiveness of HRS/J mice to syngeneic lymphoma cells. J. Immunol. 127:461-464. Jones, M. G., and G. Harris. 1985. Prolongation of life in female NZB/NZW (Fit) hybrid mice by cyclosporine A. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 59:1-9. Jose, D. G., and R. A. Good. 1973a. Quantitative effects of nutritional protein and calorie deficiency upon immune responses to tumors in mice. Cancer Res. 33:807-812. Jose, D. G., and R. A. Good. 1973b. Quantitative effects of nutritional essential amino acid deficiency upon immune responses to tumors in mice. J. Exp. Med. 137:1-9. Jyonouchi, H., and P. W. Kincade. 1984. Precocious and enhanced functional maturation of B lineage cells in New Zealand black mice during embryonic development. J. Exp. Med. 159: 1277-1282. Jyonouchi, H., P. W. Kincade, R. A. Good, and G. Fernandes. 1981. Reciprocal transfer of abnormalities in clonable B lymphocytes and myeloid progenitors between NZB and DBA/2 mice. J. Immunol. 127: 1232- 1235. Kahn, C. R., D; M. Neville, Jr., and J. Roth. 1973. Insulin-receptor interaction in the obese- hyperglycemic mouse. A model of insulin resistance. J. Biol. Chem. 248:244-250. Kaiserlian, D., D. Delacroix, and J. F. Bach. 1985. The wasted mutant mouse. I. An animal model of secretory IgA deficiency with normal serum IgA. J. Immunol. 135:1126-1131. Kaminsky, S. G., I. Nakamura, and G. Cudkowicz. 1983. Selective defect of natural killer cell activity against lymphomas in SJL mice: Low responsiveness to interferon inducers. J. Immunol. 130: 1980- 1984. Kaminsky, S. G., I. Nakamura, and G. Cudkowicz. 1985. Genetic control of the natural killer cell activity in SJL and other strains of mice. J. Immunol. 135:665-671. Kanazawa, Y., K. Komeda, S. Sato, S. Mori, K. Akanuma, and F. Takaku. 1984. Non- obese-diabetic mice: Immune mechanisms of pancreatic Q-cell destruction. Diabetologia 27:113-115. Kaplan, S. S., S. S. Boggs, M. A. Nardi, R. E. Basford, and J. M. Holland. 1978. Leukocyte- platelet interactions in a murine model of Chediak-Higashi syndrome. Blood 52:719-725. Kappler, J. W., T. Wade, J. White, E. Kushnir, M. Blackman, J. Bill, N. Roehm, and P. Marrack. 1987. A T cell receptor Vp segment that imparts reactivity to a class II major histocompatibility complex product. Cell 49:263-271. Karagogeos, D., and H. H. Wortis. 1987. Thymus grafts induce B cell development in nude, X-linked immune deficient mice. Eur. J. Immunol. 17:141-144. Karagogeos, D., N. Rosenberg, and H. H. Wortis. 1986. Early arrest of B cell ~levelopment in nude, X-linked immune-deficient mice. Eur. J. Immunol. 16: 1125- 1130. Karp, D. R., J. P. Atkinson, and D. C. Shreffler. 1982a. Genetic variation in glycosylation of the fourth component of murine complement. Association with hemolytic activity. J. Biol. Chem. 257:7330-7335.

186 REFERENCES Karp, D. R., K. L. Parker, D. C. Shreffler, C. Slaughter, and J. D. Capra. 1982b. Amino acid sequence homologies and glycosylation differences between the fourth component of murine complement and sex-limited protein. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 79:6347-6349. Kastern, W., T. Dyrberg, J. Sch011er, and I. Kryspin-S0rensen. 1984. Restriction fragment polymorphisms in the major histocompatibility complex of diabetic BB rats. Diabetes 33:807- 80g. Kataoka, S., J. Satoh, H. Fujiya, T. Toyota, R. Suzuki, K. Itch, and K. Kumagai. 1983. Immunologic aspects of the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse. Abnormalities of cellular immunity. Diabetes 32:247-253. Katz, I. R., R. Asofsky, and G. J. Thorbecke. 1980. Suppression of spontaneous reticulum cell sarcoma development and of syngeneic stimulator cells by antic treatment of SJL/J mice. J. Immunol . 125: 1355- 1359. Katz, I. R., J. Chapman-Alexander, E. B. Jacobson, S. P. Lerman, and G. J. Thorbecke. 1981. Growth of SJL/J-derived transplantable reticulum cell sarcoma as related to its ability to induce T-cell proliferation in the host. III. Studies on thvmectomized and con~en,~aliv athymic SJL mice. Cell. Immunol. 65:84-92. .' . % , ~ ~_ ~ ~. ... . . . ~, Katz, M. 1978. Nutrition and the immune response. Pp. 35-36 ~n Inadvertent Modification of the Immune Response: The Effects of Foods, Drugs, and Environmental Contaminants, I. M. Asher, ed. Proceedings of the Fourth FDA Science Symposium held August 28-30, 1978, in Annapolis, Md. DHHS Pub. No. (FDA) 80-1074. Washington, D.C.: U.S. De- partment of Health and Human Services. Kay, M. M. B. 1978. Long term subclinical effects of parainfluenza (SENDAI) infection on immune cells of aging mice. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 158:326-331. Kazura, J. W., C. Gandola, H. R. Rodman, and A. A. F. Mahmoud. 1979. Deficient production of the lymphokine eosinophil stimulation promoter in chemically induced and mutation diabetes mellitus in mice. J. Immunol. 123:2114-2117. Kees, U., and R. V. Blanden. 1976. A single genetic element in H-2K affects mouse T-cell antiviral function in poxvirus infection. J. Exp. Med. 143:450-455. Kelley, V. E., and J. B. Roths. 1985. Interaction of mutant Ipr gene with background strain influences renal disease. Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 37:220-229. Kelley, V. E., and A. Winkelstein. 1980. Age- and sex-related glomerulonephritis in New Zealand white mice. Clin. Immunol. Pathol. 16:142-150. Kelly, E. M. 1957. Research news: New mutants. Mouse News Lett. 16:36. Kenny, A. D., W. Toepel, and I. Schour. 1958. Calcium and phosphorus metabolism in the ia rat. J. Dent. Res. 37:432-443. Kim, M.-G., W. Schuler, M. J. Bosma, and K. B. Marcu. 1988. Abnormal recombination of Igh D and J gene segments in transformed pre-B cells of scid mice. J. Immunol. 141: 1341- 1347. Kincade, P. W. 1977. Defective colony formation by B lymphocytes from CBA/N and C3H/HeJ mice. J. Exp. Med. 145:249-263. Kincade, P. W., G. Lee, T. Watanabe, L. Sun, and M. P. Scheid. 1981. Antigens displayed on murine B lymphocyte precursors. J. Immunol. 127:2262-2268. Kirchner, H., H. M. Hirt, D. L. Rosenstreich, and S. E. Mergenhagen. 1978. Resistance of C3H/HeJ mice to lethal challenge with herpes simplex virus. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 157:29-32. Kirkland, T. N., and J. Fierer. 1983. Inbred mouse strains differ in resistance to lethal Coccidioides immitis infection. Infect. Immun. 40:912-916. Kitamura, Y., S. Go, and K. Hatanaka. 1978. Decrease of mast cells in W/W~ mice and their increase by bone marrow transplantation. Blood 52:447-452. Kitamura, Y., M. Yokoyama, H. Matsuda, T. Ohno, and K. J. Mori. 1981. Spleen colony

REFERENCES 1 87 forming cell as common precursor for tissue mast cells and granulocytes. Nature (London) 291:159-160. Klassen, L. W., R. S. Krakauer, and A. D. Steinberg. 1977. Selective loss of suppressor cell function in New Zealand mice induced by NTA. J. Immunol 119:830-837. Klein, J. O., G. M. Green, J. G. Tilles, E. H. Kass, and M. Finland. 1969. Effect of intranasal reovirus infection on antibacterial activity of mouse lung. J. Infect. Dis. 119:43-50. Kloting, I., O. Stark, and H.-J. Hahn. 1984. Animal model of the insulin-dependent Diabetes mellitus in BB rats: Their RTlU homogeneity and prolonged survival of allogeneic skin grafts. Folia Biol. (Prague) 30:24-32. Knight, J. G., and D. D. Adams. 1978. Three genes for lupus nephritis in NZB x NZW mice. J. Exp. Med. 147:1653-1660. Knoblich, A., J. Gortz, V. Harle-Grupp, and D. Falke. 1983. Kinetics and genetics of herpes simplex virus-induced antibody formation in mice. Infect. Immun. 39:15-23. Koenig, S., M. K. Hoffmann, and L. Thomas. 1977. Induction of phenotypic lymphocyte differentiation in LPS unresponsive mice by an LPS-induced serum factor and by lipid A- associated protein. J. Immunol. 118: 1910-1911. Koevary, S., A. Rossini, W. Stoller, W. Chick, and R. M. Williams. 1983. Passive transfer of diabetes in the BB/W rat. Science 220:727-728. Koller, L. D. 1981. Modulation of the immune response in laboratory animals by lead and cadmium. Pp. 190-198 in Biological Relevance of Immune Suppression as Induced by Genetic, Therapeutic and Environmental Factors, J. H. Dean and M. Padarathsingh, eds. Proceedings of a technology assessment workshop held November 13-14, 1979, in Wil- liamsburg, Va. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold. Koller, L. D., and J. A. Brauner. 1977. Decreased B-lymphocyte response after exposure to lead and cadmium. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 42:621-624. Koller, L. D., and J. G. Roan. 1980. Response of lymphocytes from lead, cadmium, and methylmercury exposed mice in the mixed lymphocyte culture. J. Environ. Pathol. Toxicol. 4:393-398. Koller, L. D., J. H. Exon, and J. G. Roan. 1975. Antibody suppression by cadmium. Arch. Environ. Health 30:598-601. Koller, L. D., J. G. Roan, and N. I. Kerkvliet. 1979. Mitogen stimulation of lymphocytes in CBA mice exposed to lead and cadmium. Environ. Res. 19:177-188. Komschlies, K. L., D. L. Greiner, L. Shultz, and I. Goldschneider. 1987. Defective lym- phopoiesis in the bone marrow of motheaten (melme) and viable motheaten (me'lmet) mutant mice. III. Normal mouse bone marrow cells enable meVlmev prothymocytes to generate thymocytes after intravenous transfer. J. Exp. Med. 166:1162-1167. Kotzin, B. L., and E. Palmer. 1987. The contribution of NZW genes to lupus-like disease in (NZB x NZW)F~ mice. J. Exp. Med. 165:1237-1251. Kotzin, B. L., V. L. Barr, and E. Palmer. 1985. A large deletion within the T-cell receptor beta-chain gene complex in New Zealand white mice. Science 229:167-171. Krakauer, R. S., T. A. Waldmann, and W. Strober. 1976. Loss of suppressor T cells in adult NZB/NZW mice. J. Exp. Med. 144:662-673. Kulstad, R., ed. 1986. AIDS. Papers from Science, 1982-1985. Pub. No. 85-23. Washington D.C.: American Association for the Advancement of Science. Kumar, R. K. 1983. Animal model of human disease: Hodgkin's disease: SJL/J murine lym- phoma. Am. J. Pathol. 110:393-396. Kyogoku, M. 1977. Studies on SL/Ni mouse: Animal model of polyarteritis nodosa. Pp. 356- 366 in Vascular Lesions of Collagen Diseases and Related Conditions, Y. Shiokawa? ed. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press. Kyogoku, M. 1980. Pathogenesis of vasculitis in the SL/Ni Mouse. Pp. 281-294 in Systemic

188 REFERENCES Lupus Erythematosus, M. Fukase, ed. Japan Medical Research Foundation Pub. No. 11. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press. Kyogoku, M., M. Kawashima, M. Nose, N. Yaginuma, and K. Nagao. 1981. Pathological studies on the kidney of systemic arteritis. II. Animal model: Comparative studies on the pathogenesis of arteritis and glomerulonephritis of SL/Ni and MRL/1. Jpn. J. Nephrol. 23:913-920. Lambert, P. H., and F. J. Dixon. 1968. Pathogenesis of glomerulonephritis of NZB/W mice. J. Exp. Med. 127:507-521. Landi, M. S., J. W. Kreider, C. M. Lang, and L. P. Bullock. 1982. Effects of shipping on the immune function in mice. Am. J. Vet. Res. 43:1654-1657. Lane, H. C., J. M. Depper, W. C. Greene, G. Whalen, T. A. Waldmann, and A. S. Fauci. 1985. Qualitative analysis of immune function in patients with the acquired immunodefi- ciency syndrome. Evidence for a selective defect in soluble antigen recognition. N. Engl. J. Med. 313:79-84. Lane, P. W. 1962. Research news. Mouse News Lett. 26:35. Lane, P. W. 1968. New allele. Mouse News Lett. 38:24. Lane, P. W. 1971. Linkage data Grey-lethal (gl). Mouse News Lett. 44:30. Lane, P. W. 1973. New mutants and linkages. Mouse News Lett. 48:35. Lane, P. W. 1979. Linkage data. Mouse News Lett. 60:50. Lane, P. W. 1981. New mutations and linkages. Mouse News Lett. 65:27. Lane, P. W., and E. D. Murphy. 1972. Susceptibility to spontaneous pneumonitis in an inbred strain of beige and satin mice. Genetics 72:451-460. Laskin, C. A., G. Haddad, and C. A. Soloninka. 1986. The regulatory role of NZB T lymphocytes in the production of anti-DNA antibodies in vitro. J. Immunol. 137:1867- 1873. Lee, S.-K., and R. T. Woodland. 1985. Selective effect of irradiation on responses of thymus- independent antigen. J. Immunol . 134:761 -764. Leiter, E. H. 1985. Type C retrovirus production by pancreatic beta cells. Association with accelerated pathogenesis in C3H-dbldb ("diabetes") mice. Am. J. Pathol. 119:22-32. Leiter, E. H., D. L. Coleman, A. B. Eisenstein, and I. Strack. 1980. A new mutation (db3~) at the diabetes locus in strain 129/J mice. I. Physiological and histological characterization. Diabetologia 19:58-65. Leiter, E. H., D. L. Coleman, and K. P. Hummel. 1981. The influence of genetic background on the expression of mutations at the diabetes locus in the mouse. III. Effect of H-2 haplotype and sex. Diabetes 30:1029-1034. Leiter, E. H., D. L. Coleman, D. K. Ingram, and M. A. Reynolds. 1983. Influence of dietary carbohydrate on the induction of diabetes in C57BL/KsJ-db/db diabetes mice. J. Nutr. 113: 184-195. Leiter, E. H., M. Prochazka, D. L. Coleman, D. V. Serreze, and L. D. Shultz. 1986. Genetic factors predisposing to diabetes susceptibility in mice. Pp. 29-36 in The Immunology of Diabetes Mellitus, M. A. Jaworski, G. D. Molnar, R. V. Rajotte, and B. Singh, eds. International Congress Series, no. 717. Proceedings of the International Symposium on the Immunology of Diabetes held June 26-28, 1986, in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Amster- dam: Elsevier. Leiter, E. H., P. H. Le. and D. L. Coleman. 1987a. Susceptibility to db gene and streptozotocin- induced diabetes in C57BL mice: Control by gender-associated, MHC-unlinked traits. Im- munogenetics 26:6- 13. Leiter, E. H., M. Prochazka, and L. D. Shultz. 1987b. Effect of immunodeficiency on diabetogenesis in genetically diabetic (dbldb) mice. J. Immunol. 138:3224-3229. Lerner, A. B., T. Shiohara, R. E. Boissy. K. A. Jacobson, M. L. Lamoreux, and G. E. Moellmann. 1986. A mouse model for vitiligo. J. Invest. Dermatol. 87:299-304.

REFERENCES 189 Levan, G., J. Szpirer, C. Szpirer, and M. C. Yoshida. 1986. Present status of chromosome localization of rat genes. Rat News Lett. 17:3-8. Levey, R. H., N. Trainin, L. W. Law, P. H. Black, and W. P. Rowe. 1963. Lymphocytic choriomeningitis infection in neonatally thymectomized mice bearing diffusion chambers containing thymus. Science 142:483-485. Levy, G. A., J. L. Leibowitz, and T. S. Edgington. 1981. Induction of monocyte procoagulant activity by murine hepatitis virus type 3 parallels disease susceptibility in mice. J. Exp. Med. 154:1150-1163. Lieber, M. R., J. E. Hesse, S. Lewis, G. C. Bosma, N. Rosenberg, K. Mizuuchi, M. J. Bosma, and M. Gellert. 1988. The defect in murine severe combined immune deficiency: Joining of signal sequences but not coding segments in V(D)J recombination. Cell 55:7- 16. Like, A. A., A. A. Rossini, D. L. Guberski, M.~C. Appel, and R. M. Williams. 1979. Spontaneous diabetes mellitus: Reversal and prevention in the BB/W rat with antiserum to rat lymphocytes. Science 206:1421-1423. Like, A. A., R. M. Williams, E. Kislauskis, and A. A. Rossini. 1981. Neonatal thymectomy prevents spontaneous diabetes in the Bio Breeding/Worcester (BB/W) rat. Clin. Res. 29:542A (abstr.). Like, A. A., V. DiRodi, S. Thomas, D. L. Guberski, and A. A. Rossini. 1984. Prevention of diabetes mellitus in the BB/W rat with Cyclosporin-A. Am J. Pathol. 117:92-97. Like, A. A., C. A. Biron, E. J. Weringer, K. Byman, E. Sroczynski, and D. L. Guberski. 1986a. Prevention of diabetes in BioBreeding/Worcester rats with monoclonal antibodies that recognize T lymphocytes or natural killer cells. J. Exp. Med. 164:1145-1159. Like, A. A., D. L. Guberski, and L. Butler. 1986b. Diabetic BioBreeding/Worcester (BB/ Wor) rats need not be lymphopenic. J. Immunol. 136:3254-3258. Lindemann, J. 1964. Inheritance of resistance to influenza virus in mice. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 116:506-509. Linthicum, D. S., and J. A. Frelinger. 1982. Acute autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice. II. Susceptibility is controlled by the combination of H-2 and histamine sensitization genes. J. Exp. Med. 156:31-40. Linthicum, D. S., J. J. Munoz, and A. Blaskett. 1982. Acute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice. I. Adjuvant action of Bordetella pertussis is due to vasoactive amine sensitization and increased vascular permeability of the central nervous system. Cell. Immunol. 73:299-310. Lipton, H. L., and M. C. Dal Canto. 1979. Susceptibility of inbred mice to chronic central nervous system infection by Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus. Infect. Lrr~mun. 26:369- 374. Lipton, H. L., and R. Melvold. 1984. Genetic analysis of susceptibility to Theiler's virus- induced demyelinating disease in mice. J. Immunol. 132:1821-1825. Lissner, C. R., R. N. Swanson, and A. D. O'Brien. 1983. Genetic control of the innate resistance of mice to Salmonella typhimurium: Expression of the Ity gene in peritoneal and splenic macrophages isolated in vitro. J. Immunol. 131:3006-3013. Little, C. C., and A. M. Cloudman. 1937. The occurrence of a dominant spotting mutation in the house mouse. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 23:535-537. Loose, L. D., J. B. Silkworth, and D. W. Simpson. 1978a. Influence of cadmium on the phagocytic and microbicidal activity of murine peritoneal macrophages, pulmonary alveolar macrophages, and polymorphonuclear neutrophils. Infect. Immun. 22:378-381. Loose, L. D., J. B. Silkworth, and D. Warrington. 1978b. Cadmium-induced phagocyte cytotoxicity. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 20:582-588. Lopez, C. 1975. Genet~cs of natural resistance to herpesvirus infections in mice. Nature (London) 258:152-153.

1 90 REFERENCES Loridon-Rosa, B., H. Haddada, and C. De Vaux St Cyr. 1988. The nude hamster: A potential new animal model for experimental cancer studies [letter to the editor]. Cancer J. 2:112. Lotzova, E., and J. U. Gutterman. 1979. Effect of glucan on natural killer (NK) cells: Further comparison between NK cells and bone marrow effecter cell activities. J. Immunol. 123:607- 611. Lozzio, B. B. 1972. Hematopoiesis in congenitally asplenic mice. Am. J. Physiol. 222:290- 295. Lozzio, B. B. 1976. The lasat mouse: A new model for transplantation of human tissues. Biomedicine 24:144-147. Lukic, M. L., H. H. Wortis, and S. Leskowitz. 1975. A gene locus affecting tolerance to BOG in mice. Cell. Immunol. 15:457-463. Luster, M. I., R. E. Faith, J. A. McLachlan, and G. C. Clark. 1979. Effect of in utero exposure to diethylstilbestrol on the immune response in mice. Toxicol. Anal. Pharmaco1 47:279-285. err ~ Luster, M. I., J. A. Blank, and J. H. Dean. 1987. Molecular and cellular basis of chemically induced immunotoxicity. Annul Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 27:23-49. Lutzner, M. A, and C. T. Hansen. 1976. Motheaten: An immunodeficient mouse with mark edly less ability to survive than the nude mouse in a germfree environment. J. Immunol. 116: 1496- 1497. Lutzner. M. A.. C. T. Lowrie and H W Jorcl~n 1(~67 (]innt crr~n,~lPc in 1P..1~^,~`,t^~ r~F Who beige mouse. J. Hered. 58:299-300. Lyon, M. F. In press. Rules of nomenclature of inbred strains. In Genetic Variants and Strains of the Laboratory Mouse, 2d ea., M. F. Lyon and A. G. Searle, eds. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Mahoney, K. H., S. S. Morse, and P. S. Morahan. 1980. Macrophage functions in beige (Chediak-Higashi syndrome) mice. Cancer Res. 40:3934-3939. Makino, S., K. Kunimoto, Y. Muraoka, Y. Mizushima, K. Katagiri, and Y. Tochino. 1980. Breeding of a non-obese, diabetic strain of mice. Exp. Anim. 29:1-13. Makino, S., K. Kunimoto, Y. Muraoka, and K. Katagiri. 1981. Effect of castration on the appearance of diabetes in NOD mouse. Exp. Anim. 30:137-140. Making, S., Y. Hayashi, Y. Muraoka, and Y. Tochino. 1985. Establishment of the nonobese- diabetic (NOD) mouse. Pp. 25-32 in Current Topics in Clinical and Experimental Aspects of Diabetes Mellitus, N. Sakamoto, H. K. Min. and S. Baba, eds. Proceedings of the Second Japan-Korea Symposium on Diabetes Mellitus held September 20-21, 1983, in Nagoya, Japan. Amsterdam: Elsevier. Makino, S., M. Harada, Y. Kishimoto, and Y. Hayashi. 1986. Absence of insulitis and overt diabetes in athymic nude mice with NOD genetic background. Exp. Anim. 35:495-498. Malynn, B. A., T. K. Blackwell, G. M. Fulop, G. A. Rathbun, A. J. W. Furley, P. Ferrier, L. B. Heinke, R. A. Phillips, G. D. Yancopoulos, and F. W. Alt. 1988. The scid defect affects the final step of the immunoglobulin VDJ recombinase mechanism. Cell 54:453- 460. ~^A ~^ ~4A~A ~A A-01~V~) L~O V1 L11~ Mandel, M. A., and A. A. F. Mahmoud. 1978. Impairment of cell-mediated immunity in mutation diabetic mice (dbldb). J. Immunol. 120:1375-1377. Mann, S. J. 1971. Hair loss and cyst formation in hairless and rhino mutant mice. Anat. Rec. 170:485-499. Manny, N., S. K. Datta, and R. S. Schwartz. 1979. Synthesis of IgM by cells of NZB and SWR mice and their crosses. J. Immunol. 122:1220-1227. Marks, C. R., M. F. Seifert, and S. C. Marks III. 1984. Osteoclast populations in congenital osteopetrosis: Additional evidence of heterogeneity. Metab. Bone Dis. Ret. Res. 5:259 264.

REFERENCES 1 9 1 Marks, S. C., Jr. 1973. Pathogenesis of Osteopetrosis in the ia rat: Reduced bone resorption due to reduced osteoclast function. Am. J. Anat. 138: 165- 189. Marks, S. C., Jr. 1976a. Tooth eruption and bone resorption: Experimental investigation of the ia (osteopetrotic) rat as a model for studying their relationships. J. Oral Pathol. 5:149- 163. Marks, S. C., Jr. 1976b. Osteopetrosis in the ia rat cured by spleen cells from a normal littermate. Am. J. Anat. 146:331-338. Marks, S. C., Jr. 1977. Osteopetrosis in the toothless (tl) rat: Presence of osteoclasts but failure to respond to parathyroid extract or to be cured by infusion of spleen or bone marrow cells from normal littermates. Am. J. Anat. 149:289-297. Marks, S. C., Jr. 1978. Studies of the mechanism of spleen cell cure for Osteopetrosis in ia rats: Appearance of osteoclasts with ruffled borders. Am. J. Anat. 151:119-130. Marks, S. C., Jr. 1981. Tooth eruption depends on bone resorption: Experimental evidence from osteopetrotic (ia) rats. Metab. Bone Dis. Rel. Res. 3:107-115. Marks, S. C., Jr. 1982. Morphological evidence for reduced bone resorption in osteopetrotic (op) mice. Am. J. Anat. 163: 157-167. Marks, S. C., Jr. 1984. Congenital osteopetrotic mutations as probes of the origin, structure, and function of osteoclasts. Clin. Orthop. Rel. Res. 189:239-263. Marks, S. C., Jr. 1987. Osteopetrosis Multiple pathways for the interception of osteoclast function. Appl. Pathol. 5:172-183. Marks, S. C., Jr., and P. W. Lane. 1976. Osteopetrosis, a new recessive skeletal mutation on chromosome 12 of the mouse. J. Hered. 67:11-18. Marks, S. C., Jr., and S. N. Popoff. In press. Osteoclast biology in the osteopetrotic (op) rat. Am. J. Anat. Marks, S. C., Jr., and G. B. Schneider. 1978. Evidence for a relationship between lymphoid cells and osteoclasts: Bone resorption restored in ia (osteopetrotic) rats by lymphocytes, monocytes and macrophages from a normal littermate. Am. J. Anat. 152:331-341. Marks, S. C., Jr., and D. G. Walker. 1969. The role of the parafollicular cell of the thyroid gland in the pathogenesis of congenital osteopetrosis in mice. Am. J. Anat. 126:299-314. Marks, S. C., Jr., and D. G. Walker. 1976. Mammalian osteopetrosis A model for study~ng cellular and humoral factors in bone resorption. Pp. 227-301 in The Biochemistry and Physiology of Bone, 2d ea., Vol. 4, G. H. Bourne. ed. New York: Academic Press. Marks, S. C., Jr., and D. G. Walker. 1981. The hematogenous origin of osteoclasts: Exper- imental evidence from osteopetrotic (microphthalmic) mice treated with spleen cells from beige mouse donors. Am. J. Anat. 161: 1 - 10. Marks, S. C., Jr., S. F. Seifert, and J. L. McGuire. 1984. Congenitally osteopetrotic (oplop) mice are not cured by transplants of spleen or bone marrow cells from normal littermates. Metab. Bone Dis. Rel. Res. 5:183-186. Marks, S. C., Jr., M. F. Seifert, and P. W. Lane. 1985. Osteosclerosis, a recessive skeletal mutation on chromosome 19 in the mouse. J. Hered. 76:171-176. Martinez, D., M. A. Brinton, T. G. Tachovsky, and A. H. Phelps. 1980. Identification of lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus as the etiological agent of genetically restricted, age- dependent polioencephalomyelitis of mice. Infect. Immun. 27:979-987. Maruo, K., Y. Ueyama, Y. Kuwahara, K. Hioki, M. Saito, T. Nomura, and N. Tamaoki. 1982. Human tumor xenografts in athymic rats and their age dependence. Br. J. Cancer 45:786-789. Maruyama, N., K. Ohta, S. Hirose, and T. Shirai. 1980. Genetic studies of autoimmunity in New Zealand mice. Immunol. Lett 2:1-5. Mathes, L. E., R. G. Olsen, L. C. Hebebrand, E. A. Hoover, and J. P. Schaller. 1978. Abrogation of lymphocyte blastogenesis by a feline leukaemia virus protein. Nature (London) 274:687-689.

1 92 REFERENCES Mathes, L. E., R. G. Olsen, L. C. Hebebrand, E. A. Hoover, J. P. Schaller, P. W. Adams, and W. S. Nichols. 1979. Immunosuppressive properties of a virion polypeptide, a 15,000- dalton protein, from feline leukemia virus. Cancer Res. 39:950-955. Matsumoto, M. 1979. Studies on the antibody producing system of SL/Ni mouse Studies on SL/Ni mouse, an animal model of PN: III. Ryumachi. 19:297-309 (in Japanese). Matsuzawa, T., and B. Cinader. 1982. Polymorphism of age-dependent changes in the pro- duction of a Thf helper factor. Cell. Immunol. 69:186-191. May, D., M. F. W. Festing, W. L. Ford, and M. E. Smith. 1977. More on the nude rat. Rat News Lett. 2: 14- 16. May, J. E., M. A. Kane, and M. M. Frank. 1972. Host defense against bacterial endotoxemia- Contribution of the early and late components of complement to detoxification. J. Immunol. 109:893-895. Mayer, T. C. 1970. A comparison of pigment cell development in albino, steel, and dominant- spotting mutant mouse embryos. Dev. Biol. 23:297-309. McChesney, M. B., and M. B. A. Oldstone. 1987. Viruses perturb lymphocyte functions: Selected principles characterizing virus-induced immunosuppression. Annul Rev. Immunol. 5:279-304. McCune, J. M., R. Namikawa, H. Kaneshima, L. D. Shultz, M. Lieberman, and I. L. Weissman. 1988. The SCID-hu mouse: Murine model for the analysis of human hemato- lymphoid differentiation and function. Science 241:1632-1639. McGarry, M. P., E. K. Novak, and R. T. Swank. 1986. Progenitor cell defect correctable by bone marrow transplantation in five independent mouse models of platelet storage pool deficiency. Exp. Hematol. 14:261-265. McIntire, K. R., and L. W. Law. 1967. Abnormal serum immunoclobulins occurrin~ with re~cu~ar neop~asms ~n an ~norea stra~n ot mouse. J. Natl. C:ancer Inst. 39:1197-1211. McPherson, C. W. 1963. Reduction of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and coliform bacteria in mouse drinking water following treatment with hydrochloric acid or chlorine. Lab. Anim. Care 13:737-744. Meade, C. J., J. Sheena, and J. Mertin. 1979. Effects of the obese (oblob) genotype on spleen cell immune function. Int. Arch. Allergy Appl. Immunol. 58:121-127. Meade, C. J., D. R. Brandon, W. Smith R. G. Simmonds, S. Harris, and C. Sowter. 1981. The relationship between hyperglycaemia and renal immune complex deposition in mice with inherited diabetes. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 43:109-120. Medawar, P. B., and E. M. Sparrow. 1956. The effects of adrenocortical hormones, adren- ocorticotrophic hormone and pregnancy on skin transplantation immunity in mice. J. En- docrinol. 14:240-256. Meier, H., D. D. Myers, and R. J. Huebner. 1969. Genetic control by the hr-locus of susceptibility and resistance to leukemia. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 63:759-766. Melvold, R. W., D. M. Jokinen, R. L. Knobler, and H. L. Lipton. 1987. Variations in genetic control of susceptibility to Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV)-induced de- myelinating disease. I. Differences between susceptible SJL/J and resistant BALB/c strains map near the T cell Q-chain constant gene on chromosome 6. J. Immunol. 138:1429-1433. Mergenhagen, S. E., and D. H. Pluznik. 1984. Defective responses to lipid A in C3H/HeJ mice: Approaches to an understanding of lipid A-cell interaction. Rev. Infect. Dis. 6:519- 523. Mertin, J. 1976. Effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids on skin allograft survival and primary and secondary cytotoxic response in mice. Transplantation 21:1-4. Milhaud, G., M.-L. Labat, B. Graf, M. Juster, N. Balmain, R. Moutier, and K. Toyama. 1975. Demonstration cinetique, radiographique et histologique de la guerison de l'osteo- petrose congenitale du Rat. C. R. Acad. Sci. Ser D 280:2485-2488.

REFERENCES 193 Milhaud, G., M.-L. Labat, M. Parant, C. Damais, and L. Chedid. 1977. Immunological defect and its correction in the osteopetrotic mutant rat. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 74:339-342. Miller, B. J., M. C. Appel, J. J. O'Neil, and L. S. Wicker. 1988. Both the Lyt-2+ and L3T4+ T cell subsets are required for the transfer of diabetes in nonobese diabetic mice. J. Immunol. 140:52-58. Miller, J. F. A. P., and G. F. Mitchell. 1969. Thymus and antigen reactive cells. Transplant. Rev. 1:3-42. Miller, J. F. A. P., A. H. E. Marshall, and R. G. White. 1962. The immunological significance of the thymus. Adv. Immunol. 2:111-162. Miller, R. D., and C. E. Calkins. 1988. Active role of T cells in promoting an in vitro autoantibody response to self erythrocytes in NZB mice. Immunology 63:625-630. Miller, S. C., and S. C. Marks, Jr. 1982. Osteoclast kinetics in osteopetrotic (ia) rats cured by spleen cell transfers from normal littermates. Calcif. Tissue Int. 34:422-427. Minato, N., L. Reid, H. Cantor, P. Lengyel, and B. R. Bloom. 1980. Mode of regulation of natural killer cell activity by interferon. J. Exp. Med. 152:124-137. Minkin, C. 1981. Defective macrophage chemotaxis in osteopetrotic mice. Calcif. Tissue Int. 33:677-678. Minkin, C., and S. Pokress. 1980. Macrophage function in osteopetrosis: Macrophage chem- otaxis in microphthalmic (milmi) mice. J. Dent. Res. 59(special issue A):333 (abstr. 263). Minkin, C., G. Trump, and S. Stohlman. 1982. Immune function in congenital osteopetrosis: Defective lymphocyte function in microphthalmic mice. Dev. Comp. Immunol. 6:151-159. Miyazaki, A., T. Hanafusa, K. Yamada, J. Miyagawa, H. Fujino-Kurihara, H. Nakajima, K. Nonaka, and S. Tarui. 1985. Predominance of T lymphocytes in pancreatic islets and spleen of pre-diabetic non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice: A longitudinal study. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 60:622-630. Miyazawa, M., M. Nose, M. Kawashima, and M. Kyogoku. 1987. Pathogenesis of arteritis of SL/Ni mice. Possible lytic effects of anti-gp70 antibodies on vascular smooth muscle cells. J. Exp. Med. 166:890-908. Miaaland S. and S. Fossum. 1987. The localization of antigen in lymph node follicles of , ~ ~ ~ ~ _, , congenitally athymic nude rats. Scand. J. Immunol. 26:141-147. Moeller, G. R., L. Terry, and R. Snyderman. 1978. The inflammatory response and resistance to endotoxin in mice. J. Immunol. 120:116-123. Molomut, N., and M. Padnos. 1965. Inhibition of transplantable and spontaneous murine tumours by the M-P virus. Nature (London) 208:948-950. Mond, J. J., I. Scher, J. Cossman, S. Kessler, P. K. A. Mongini, (~. Hansen, F. D. Finkelman, and W. E. Paul. 1982. Role of the thymus in directing the development of a subset of B lymphocytes. J. Exp. Med. 155:924-936. Mond, J. J., G. Norton, W. E. Paul, I. Scher, F. D. Finkelman, S. House, M. Schaefer, P. K. A. Mongini, C. Hansen, and C. Bona. 1983. Establishment of an inbred line of mice that express a synergistic immune defect precluding in vitro responses to type 1 and type 2 antigens, B cell mitogens, and a number of T cell-derived helper factors. J. Exp. Med. 158: 1401-1414. Monier, J. C., and M. Robert. 1974. Defective T-cell functions in autoimmune Swan mice. Ann. Immunol. (Paris) 125:405-413. Monier, J. C., and M. Sepetjian. 1975. Spontaneous antinuclear autoimmunisation in Swan and nude mice: Comparative study. Ann. Immunol. (Paris) 126C:63-75. Monier, J. C., J. Thivolet, A. J. Beyvin, J. C. Czyba, D. Schmitt, and D. Salussola. 1971. Les souris SWAN (Swiss antinucleaires). Modele animal pour l' etude du lupus erythemateux aigu dissemine et de l'amylose. Etude immunopathologique. Pathol. Eur. 6:357-383. Monier, J. C., M. Sepetjian, J. C. Czyba, J. P. Ortonne, and J. Thivolet. 1974. Spontaneous autoimmunization in nude mice. Pp. 243-249 in Proceedings of the First International

1 94 REFERENCES Workshop on Nude Mice, J. Rygaard and C. O. Povlsen, eds. Proceedings of a workshop held October 11- 13, 1973, in Scanticon, Aarhus, Denmark. Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer Verlag. Moore, H. D. 1919. Complementary and opsonic functions in their relation to immunity. A study of the serum of guinea-pigs naturally deficient in complement. J. Immunol. 4:425- 441. Moselle, R., and L. T. Rosenberg. 1971. Role of complement during experimental Candida infection in mice. Infect. Immun. 3:521-523. Mori, R., T. Tasaki, G. Kimura, and K. Takeya. 1967. Depression of acquired resistance against herpes simplex virus infection in neonatally thymectomized mice. Arch. Gesamte Virusforsch. 21:459-462. Mori, R., K. Kimoto, and K. Takeya. 1970. The role of the thymus in antibody production and in resistance to Japanese encephalitis virus infection. Arch. Gesamte Virusforsch. 29:32- 38. Morozumi, P. A., J. W. Halpern, and D. A. Stevens. 1981. Susceptibility differences of inbred strains of mice to blastomycosis. Infect. Immun. 32:160-168. Morrison, D. C., and J. L. Ryan. 1979. Bacterial endotoxins and host immune responses. Adv. Immunol. 28:293-450. Morrissey, P. J., D. R. Parkinson, R. S. Schwartz, and S. D. Waksal. 1980. Immunologic abnormalities in HRS/J mice. I. Specific deficit in T lymphocyte helper function in a mutant mouse. J. Immunol. 125: 1558- 1562. Morse, H. C., III, W. F. Davidson, R. A. Yetter, E. D. Murphy, J. B. Roths, and R. L. Coffman. 1982. Abnormalities induced by the mutant gene Ipr: Expansion of a unique lymphocyte subset. J. Immunol. 129:2612-2615. Morse, H. C., III, J. B. Roths, W. F. Davidson, W. Y. Langdon, T. N. Fredrickson, and J. W. Hartley. 1985. Abnormalities induced by the mutant gene, Ipr. Patterns of disease and expression of murine leukemia viruses in SJL/J mice homo7v~c earl h~tPrn7~0~c for Im' J. Exp. Med. 161:602-616. Mosbach-Ozmen, L., P. Fonteneau, and F. Loor. 1985a. The C57BL/6-nu/nu Iprllpr mouse. I. Expression of the 'Ipr phenotype' in the C57BL/6 genetic background. Thymus 7:221- 232. ~^^A^__ ·A~.JA44~ ~} ~ "a "~1 - I ~1 ~' 5~ " ~1 ~l ~, . Mosbach-Ozmen, L., P. Fonteneau, and F. Loor. 1985b. The C57BL/6-nu/nu Iprllpr mouse. II. Pedigree and preliminary characteristics. Thymus 7:233-245. Mosier, D. E., R. J. Gulizia, S. M. Baird, and D. B. Wilson. 1988. Transfer of a functional human immune system to mice with severe combined immunodeficiency. Nature (London) 335:256-259. Mountz, J. D., W. C. Cause, F. D. Finkelman, and A. D. Steinberg. 1988. Prevention of lymphadenopathy in MRL-lpr/lpr mice by blocking peripheral lymph node homing with Mel-14 in vivo. J. Immunol. 140:2943-2949. Moutier, R. H. Lamendin, and S. Berenholc. 1973. Osteopetrose par mutation spontande chez le rat. Exp. Anim. 6:87-101. Moutier, R., K. Toyama, and M. F. Charrier. 1974. Genetic study of osteopetrosis in the Norway rat. J. Hered. 65:373-375. Moutier, R., K. Toyama, W. R. Cotton, and J. F. Gaines. 1976. Three recessive genes for congenital osteopetrosis in the Norway rat. J. Hered. 67:189-190. Muller-Eberhard, H. J. 1975. Complement. Am. Rev. Biochem. 44:697-724. Muraoka, S., and R. G. Miller. 1988. The autoimmune mouse MRL/Mp-lpr/lpr contains cells with spontaneous cytotoxic activity against target cells bearing self-determinants. Cell. Im- munol. 113:20-32. Murphy, E. D. 1963. SJL/J, a new inbred strain of mouse with a high, early incidence of reticulum-cell neoplasms. Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 4:46 (abstr.).

REFERENCES 195 Murphy, E. D. 1969. Transplantation behavior of Hodgkin's-like reticulum cell neoplasms of strain SJL/J mice and results of tumor reinoculation. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 42:797-814. Murphy, E. D. 1979. Reticulum cell sarcomas: Mouse. Pp. 169-173 In Inbred and Genetically Defined Strains of Laboratory Animals. Part 1. Mouse and Rat, P. L. Altman and D. D. Katz, eds. Bethesda, Md.: Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. Murphy, E. D. 1981. Lymphoproliferation (Ipr) and other single-locus models for murine lupus. Pp. 143-173 in Immunologic Defects in Laboratory Animals, Vol. 2, M. E. Gershwin and B. Merchant, eds. New York: Plenum. Murphy, E. D., and J. B. Roths. 1977. A single gene model for massive lymphoproliferation with immune complex disease in the new mouse strain MRL. Pp. 69-72 in Topics in Hematology, S. Seno, F. Takaku, and S. Irino, eds. Proceedings of the 16th International Congress of Hematology, held September 5-11, 1976, in Kyoto, Japan. Amsterdam: Ex- cerpta Medical Murphy, E. D., and J. B. Roths. 1978a. Autoimmunity and lymphoproliferation: Induction by mutant gene Ipr, and acceleration by a male-associated factor in strain BXSB mice. Pp. 207-221 in Genetic Control of Autoimmune Disease, N. R. Rose, P. E. Bigazzi, and N. L. Warner, eds. Developments in Immunology, Vol. 1. Proceedings of a workshop held July 10-12, 1978, in Bloomfield Hills, Mich. New York: Elsevier/North-Holland. Murphy, E. D., and J. B. Roths. 1978b. Purkinje cell degeneration, a late effect of beige mutations in mice. Pp. 108-109 in 49th Annual Report: 1977-1978. Bar Harbor, Maine: The Jackson Laboratory. Murphy, E. D., and J. B. Roths. 1978c. New inbred strains with early onset of autoimmunity and lymphoproliferation controlled by defined genetic factors. Special Bulletin. Bar Harbor, Maine: The Jackson Laboratory. Murphy, E. D., and J. B. Roths. 1979. A Y chromosome associated factor in strain BXSB producing accelerated autoimmunity and lymphoprol~feration. Arthritis Rheum. 22:1188- 1194. Murphy, E. D., D. E. Harrison, and J. B. Roths. 1973. Giant granules of beige mice. A quantitative marker for granulocytes in bone marrow transplantation. Transplantation 15:526- 530. Murphy, E. D., J. B. Roths, and E. M. Eicher. 1982. Generalized lymphoproliferative disease (gld). Mouse News Lett. 67:20-21. Murphy, W. J., V. Kumar, and M. Bennett. 1987. Rejection of bone marrow allografts by mice with severe combined immune deficiency (SCID). Evidence that natural killer cells can mediate the specificity of marrow graft rejection. J. Exp. Med. 165: 1212- 1217. Murray, F. T., D. F. Cameron, and J. M. Orth. 1983. Gonadal dysfunction in the spontaneously diabetic BB rat. Metabolism 32(suppl. 1):141-147. Nacy, C. A., and M. S. Meltzer. 1982. Macrophages in resistance to rickettsial infection: Strains of mice susceptible to the lethal effects of Rickettsia akari show defective macrophage rickettsicidal activity in vitro. Infect. Immun. 36:1096-1101. Nadel, E. M., and V. H. Haas. 1956. Effect of t;he virus of lymphocytic choriomeningitis on the course of leukemia in guinea pigs and mice. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 17:221-231. Nakajima, P. B., S. K. Datta, R. S. Schwartz, and B. T. Huber. 1979. Localization of spontaneously hyperactive B cells of NZB mice to a specific B cell subset. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 76:4613-4616. Nakano, K., and B. Cinader. 1980. Accelerated age-dependent decline in the T suppressor capacity of SJL mice. Eur. J. Immunol. 10:309-316. Nakayama, K., M. Nonaka, S. Yokoyama, Y. D. Yeul, S.-N. Pattanakitsakul, and M. Tak- ahashi. 1987. Recombination of two homologous MHC class III genes of the mouse (C4 and Slp) that accounts for the loss of testosterone dependence of sex-limited protein expres- sion. J. Immunol. 138:620-627.

1 96 REFERENCES Naot, Y., S. Merchav, E. Ben-David, and H. Ginsburg. 1979. Mitogenic activity of Myco- plasma pulmonis. I. Stimulation of rat B and T lymphocytes. Immunology 36:399-406. Nilsson, U. R., and H. J. Muller-Eberhard. 1965. Isolation of -globulin from human serum and its characterization as the fifth component of complement. J. Exp. Med. 122:277-298. Nilsson, U. R., and H. J. Muller-Eberhard. 1967. Deficiency of the fifth component of complement in mice with an inherited complement defect. J. Exp. Med. 125:1-16. Nisbet, N. W., S. F. Waldron, and M. J. Marshall. 1983. Failure of thymic grafts to stimulate resorption of bone in the Fatty/Orl-op rat. Calcif. Tissue Int. 35:122-125. Nishimoto, H., H. Kikutani, K. Yamamura, and T. Kishimoto. 1987. Prevention of autoim- mune insulitis by expression of I-E molecules in NOD mice. Nature (London) 328:432- 434. Nishimura, M., and H. Miyamoto. 1987. Immunopathological influence of the Ai, db, ob, and nu genes placed on the inbred NOD background as murine models for human type I diabetes. J. Immunogenet. 14:127-130. Nishizuka, Y. 1979. SL/Ni mouse: A strain with high incidence of glomerulonephritis and polyarteritis nodosa. Pp. 578-587 in Immunopathologic Diseases, A. Okabayashi, ed. To- kyo: Bunkodo. Nishizuka, Y., M. Shisa, O. Taguchi, M. Kyogoku, and M. Matsumoto. 1975. Experimental studies on polyarteritis nodosa I. Nippon Byori Gakkai Kaishi (Trans. Soc. Pathol. Jpn.) 64: 108- 109 (in Japanese). Nixon-Fulton, J. L., P. L. Witte, R. E. Tigelaar, P. R. Bergstresser, and V. Kumar. 1987. Lack of dendritic Thy-1 + epidermal cells in mice with severe combined immunodeficiency disease. J. Immunol. 138:2902-2905. Nordeen, S. K., V. G. Schaefer, M. H. Edgell, C. A. Hutchinson III, L. D. Shultz, and M. Swift. 1984. Evaluations of wasted mouse fibroblasts and SV-40 transformed human fibro- blasts as models of ataxia telangiectasia in vitro. Mutat. Res. 140:219-222. Nose, M., M. Kawashima, K. Yamamoto, T. Sawai, N. Yaginuma, K. Nagao, and M. Kyogoku. 1981. Role of immune complex in the pathogenesis of arteritis in SL/Ni mice: Possible effect as accelerator rather than as initiator. Pp. 109-115 in New Horizons in Rheumatoid Arthritis, Y. Shiokawa, T. Abe, and Y. Yamauchi, eds. Proceedings of the International Congress on Rheumatoid Arthritis held August 24-26, 1980, in Hakone, Japan. Amsterdam: Excerpta Medical Novak, E. K., M. P. McGarry, and R. T. Swank. 1985. Correction of symptoms of platelet storage pool deficiency in animal models for Chediak-Higashi syndrome and Hermansky- Pudlak syndrome. Blood 66:1196-1201. NRC (National Research Council). 1985. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. A report of the Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources Committee on Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. NIH Pub. No. 86-23. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Nyberg, L. M., and S. C. Marks, Jr. 1975. Organ culture of osteopetrotic (ia) rat bone: Evidence that the defect is cellular. Am. J. Anat. 144:373-378. O'Brien, A. D., and E. S. Metcalf. 1982. Control of early Salmonella typhimurium growth in innately Salmonella-resistant mice does not require functional T lymphocytes. J. Immunol. 129:1349-1351. O'Brien, A. D., D. L. Rosenstreich, I. Scher, G. H. Campbell, R. P. MacDermott, and S. B. Formal. 1980. Genetic control of susceptibility to Salmonella typhimurium in mice: Role of the Lps gene. J. Immunol. 124:20-24. O'Brien, A. D., D. L. Rosenstreich, and I. Scher. 1981. Genetic control of murine resistance to Salmonella typhimurium infection. Pp. 37-48 in Immunomodulation by Bacteria and Their Products, H. Friedman, T. W. Klein, and A. Szentivanyi, eds. New York: Plenum. O'Brien, A. D., D. A. Weinstein, M. Y. Soliman, and D. L. Rosenstreich. 1985. Additional

REFERENCES 1 97 evidence that the Lps gene locus regulates natural resistance to S. typhimurium in mice. J. Immunol. 134:2820-2823. Ochs, H. D., S. I. Rosenfeld? E. D. Thomas, E. R. Giblett, C. A. Alper, B. Dupont, J. G. Schaller, B. C. Gilliland, J. A. Hansen, and R. J. Wedgewood. 1977. Linkage between the gene (or genes) controlling synthesis of the fourth component of complement and the major histocompatibility complex. N. Engl. J. Med. 296:470-475. Ochs, H. D., C. G. Jackson, S. R. Helter, and R. J. Wedgwood. 1978. Defective antibody response to a T-dependent antigen in C4 deficient guinea pigs and its correction by addition of C4. Fed. Proc. 37:1477 (abstr.). Ochs, H. D., R. J. Wedgwood, S. R. Helter, and P. G. Beatty. 1986. Complement, membrane glycoproteins, and complement receptors: Their role in regulation of the immune response. Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 40:94-104. Ogata, R. T., and D. S. Sepich. 1985. Murine sex-limited protein: Complete cDNA sequence and comparison with murine fourth complement component. J. Immunol. 135:4239-4244. Ohsugi, Y., and M. E. Gershwin. 1979. Studies of congenitally immunologic mutant New Zealand mice. III. Growth of B lymphocyte clones in congenitally athymic (nude) and hereditarily asplenic (Dhl+) NZB mice: A primary B cell defect. J. Immunol. 123:1260- 1265. Okazaki, K., S.-I. Nishikawa, and H. Sakano. 1988. Aberrant immunoglobulin gene rear- rangement in scid mouse bone marrow cells. J. Immunol. 141:1348-1352. Oldstone, M. B. A. 1988. Prevention of type I diabetes in nonobese diabetic mice by virus infection. Science 239:500-502. Oldstone, M. B. A., and F. J. Dixon. 1971. Lactic dehydrogenase virus-induced immune complex type of glomerulonephritis. J. Immunol. 106:1260-1263. Oldstone, M. B. A., and F. J. Dixon. 1972. Inhibition of antibodies to nuclear antigen and to DNA in New Zealand m~ce infected with lactate dehydrogenase virus. Science 175:784- 786. Oldstone, M. B. A.. P. Southern, M. Rodriguez, and P. Lampert. 1984. Virus persists in cells of islets of Langerhans and is associated with chemical manifestations of diabetes. Science 224:1440-1443. Olitsky, P. K., and J. M. Lee. 1953. Biologic properties and variations of reactions of the encephalitogenic agent in nervous tissues. J. Immunol. 71:419-425. Oliver, C., and E. Essner. 1973. Distribution of anomalous lysosomes in the beige mouse: A homologue of Chediak-Higashi syndrome. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 21:218-228. Olsen, C. E., S. M. Wahl, L. M. Wahl, A. L. Sandberg, and S. E. Mergenhagen. 1978. Immunological defects in osteopetrotic mice. Pp. 389-398 in Mechanisms of Localized Bone Loss, J. E. Horton, T. M. Tarpley, and W. F. Davis, eds. Proceedings of the first scientific evaluation workshop on localized bone loss, held November 14-15, 1977, in Washington, D.C. Washington, D.C.: Information Retrieval Inc. O'Neill, H. C., and R. V. Blanden. 1983. Mechanisms determining innate resistance to ectromelia virus infection in C57BL mice. Infect. Immun. 41: 1391 - 1394. Onodera, T., A. Toniolo, U. R. Ray, A. B. Jenson, R. A. Knazek. and A. L. Notkins. 1981. Virus-induced diabetes mellitus. XX. Polyendocrinopathy and autoimmunity. J. Exp. Med. 153:1457-1473. Ooi, Y. M., and H. R. Colten. 1979. Genetic defect in secretion of complement C5 in mice. Nature (London) 282:207-208. .. Orn, A., E. M. Hakansson, M. Gidlund, U. Ramstedt, I. Axberg, H. Wigzell, and L.-G. Lundin. 1982. Pigment mutations in the mouse which also affect lysosomal [unctions lead to suppressed natural killer cell activity. Scand. J. Immunol. 15:305-310. Osborn, J. E. 1986. Cytomegalovirus and other herpesviruses of mice and rats. Pp. 421-450 in Viral and Mycoplasmal Infections of Laboratory Rodents. Effects on Biomedical Research,

198 REFERENCES P. N. Bhatt, R. O. Jacoby, H. C. Morse III, and A. E. New. eds. Orlando? Fla.: Academic Press. Otis, A. P., and H. L. Foster. 1983. Management and design of breeding facilities. Pp. 17- 35 in The Mouse in Biomedical Research. Vol. III: Normative Biology, Immunology, and Husbandry. New York: Academic Press. Owens, M. H., and B. Bonavida. 1976. Immune functions characteristic of SJL/J mice and their association with age and spontaneous reticulum cell sarcoma. Cancer Res. 36:1077- 1083. Paavonen, T. 1985. Glucocorticoids enhance the in vitro Ig synthesis of pokeweed mitogen- stimulated human B cells by inhibiting the suppressive effect of T8+ T-cells. Scand. J. Immunol. 21 :63-71. Painter, C. J., M. Monestier, A. Chew, A. Bona-Dimitriu, K. Kasturi, C. Bailey, V. E. Scott, C. L. Sidman, and C. A. Bonfa. 1988. Specificities and V genes encoding monoclonal autoantibodies from viable motheaten mice. J. Exp. Med. 167: 1137- 1153. Pakes, S. P., Y.-S. Lu, and P. C. Meunier. 1984. Factors that complicate animal research. Pp. 649-665 in Laboratory Animal Medicine, J. G. Fox, B. J. Cohen, and F. M. Loew eds. Orlando, Fla.: Academic Press. Palkowski, M. R., M. L. Nordlund, L. A. Rheins, and J. J. Nordlund. 1987. Langerhans' cells in hair follicles of the depigmenting C57BL/Ler-vit/vit mouse. A model for human vitiligo. Arch. Dermatol. 123: 1022- 1028. Parker, J. C., M. D. Whiteman, and C. B. Richter. 1978. Susceptibility of inbred and outbred mouse strains to Sendai virus and prevalence of infection in laboratory rodents. Infect. Immun. 19:123-130. Pasko, K. L., S. B. Salvin, and A. Winkelstein. 1981. Mechanisms in the in vivo release of lymphokines. V. Responses in alloxan-treated and genetically diabetic mice. Cell. Immunol. 62:205-219. Patel, F., and J. O. Minta. 1979. Biosynthesis of a single chain pro-C5 by normal mouse liver mRNA: Analysis of the molecular basis of C5 deficiency in AKR J mice. J. Immunol. 123:2408-2414. Pattengale, P. K., and C. R. Taylor. 1983. Experimental models of lymphoproliferative disease: The mouse as a model for human non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and related leukemias. Am. J. Pathol. 113:237-265. Pearson, D. J., and G. Taylor. 1975. The influence of the nematode Syphacia obvelata on adjuvant arthritis in the rat. Immunology 29:391-396. Peck, R. M., G. J. Eaton, E. R Pec~k ~nc1 .C T.itwin 1C)!ill Infl~-nf~P r~f C!-n~i ~T;~ ~ ~ ~ ^ . ~ ~ ~ _ ~ ^~dL ~ ~t~- V~ V~i1~ V 11 U ~ V1} carclnogenesls 1n strain A m1ce. Lab. Anim. Sci. 33:154-156. Pedersen, E. B., S. Haahr, and S. C. Mogensen. 1983. X-linked resistance of mice to high doses of heIpes simplex virus type 2 correlates with early interferon production. Infect. Immun. 42:740-746. Pedersen, N. C., E. W. Ho, M. L. Brown, and J. K. Yamamoto. 1987. Isolation of a T- lymphocyte virus from domestic cats with an immunodeficiency-like syndrome. Science 235:790-793. Pelletier, M., S. Montplaisir, M. Dardenne, and J. F. Bach. 1976. Thymic hormone activity and spontaneous autoimmunity in dwarf mice and their littermates. Immunology 30:783- 788. Peltier, A. P. 1982. Complement. Pp. 252-284 in Immunology, 2d ea., J.-F. Bach, ed. New York: John Wiley & Sons. Percy, D. H., P. E. Hanna, F. Paturzo, and P. N. Bhatt. 1984. Comparison of strain suscep- tibility to experimental sialodacryoadenitis in rats. Lab. Anim. Sci. 34:255-260. Phillips, N. E., and P. A. Campbell. 1981. Antigen-primed helper T cell function in CBA/N mice is radiosensitive. J. Immunol. 127:495-500.

REFERENCES 1 99 Picket, K., M. A. Muller, and V. ter Meulen. 1981. Analysis of age-dependent resistance to marine coronavirus JHM infection in mice. Infect. Immun. 34:648-654. Pierpaoli, W., and N. O. Besedovsky. 1975. Role of the thymus in programming of neu- roendocrine functions. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 20:323-338. Pierro, L. J., and H. B. Chase. 1963. Slate A new coat color mutant in the mouse. J. Hered. 54:47-50. Pincus, T. 1980. The endogenous murine type C viruses. Pp. 77-130 in Molecular Biology of RNA Tumor Viruses, J. R. Stephenson, ed. New York: Academic Press. Pisetsky, D. S., C. Klatt, D. Dawson, and J. B. Roths. 1985. The influence of Yaa on anti- DNA responses of B6-lpr mice. Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 37:369-376. Plant, J., and A. A. Glynn. 1979. Locating salmonella resistance gene on mouse chromosome 1. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 37:1-6. Plant, J. E., J. M. Blackwell, A. D. O'Brien, J. D. Bradley, and A. A. Glynn. 1982. Are the Lsh and lty disease resistance genes at one locus on mouse chromosome 1? Nature (London) 297:510-511. Plant, J. E., G. A. Higgs, and C. S. F. Easmon. 1983. Effects of antiinflammatory agents on chronic Salmonella typhimurium infection in a mouse model. Infect. Immun. 42:71-75. Plotz, P. H. 1983. Autoantibodies are anti-idiotype antibodies to antiviral antibodies. Lancet 2:824-826. Ponzio, N. M., P. H. Brown, and G. J. Thorbecke. 1986. Host-tumor interactions in the SJL lymphoma model. Int. Rev. Immunol. 1:273-301. Popovic, M., N. Flomenberg, D. J. VolLman, D. Mann, A. S. Fauci, B. Dupont? and R. C. Gallo. 1984. Alteration of T-cell functions by infection with HTLV-I or HTLV-II. Science 226:459-461. Potter, M., A. D. O'Brien, E. Skamene, P. Gros, A. Forget, P. A. L. Kongshavn, and J. S. Wax. 1983. A BALB/c congenic strain of mice that carries a genetic locus (I~r) controlling resistance to intracellular parasites. Infect. Immun. 40: 1234- 1235. Press, J. L. 1981. The CBA/N defect defines two classes of T cell-dependent antigens. J. Immunol. 126:1234-1240. Prickett, J. D., D. R. Robinson, and A. D. Steinberg. 1981. Dietary enrichment with the polyunsaturated fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid prevents proteinuria and prolongs survival in NZB x NZW F1 mice. J. Clin. Invest. 68:556-559. Prochazka, M., E. H. Leiter, D. V. Serreze, and D. L. Coleman. 1987. Three recessive loci required for insulin-dependent diabetes in nonobese diabetic mice. Science 237:286-289. Prpic, V., J. E. Weiel, S. D. Somers, J. DiGuiseppi, S. L. Gonias, S. V. Pizzo, T. A. Hamilton, B. Herman, and D. O. Adams. 1987. Effects of bacterial lipopolysaccharide on the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate in murine peritoneal macrophages. J. Immunol. 139:526-533. Prud'homme, G. J., A. Fuks, E. Colle, T. A. Seemayer, and R. D. Guttmann. 1984. Immune dysfunction ~n diabetes-prone BB rats. Interleukin 2 production and other mitogen-induced responses are suppressed by activated macrophages. J. Exp. Med. 159:463-478. Prud'homme, G. J., P. H. Lapchak, N. A. Parfrey, E. Colle, and R. D. Guttmann. 1988. Autoimmunity-prone BB rats lack functional cytotoxic T cells. Cell. Immunol. 114:198- 208. Prueitt, J. L., E. Y. Chi, and D. Lagunoff. 1978. Pulmonary surface-active materials in the Chediak-Higashi syndrome. J. Lipid Res . 19:410-415. Quimby, F., and L. Dillingham. 1988. Complement. Pp. 145-175 in Clinical Chemistry of Laboratory Animals, W. Loeb and F. Quimby, eds. Elmsford, N.Y.: Pergamon Press. Quimby, F. W., and R. S. Schwartz. 1982. Systemic lupus erythematosus in mice and dogs. Pp. 1217-1230 in Clinical Aspects of Immunology, 4th ea., Vol. 2, P. J. Lachmann and D. K. Peters, eds. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific.

200 REFERENCES Rabin, B. S. 1985. Influences on life-span of NZB/W mice. Immunol. Today 6:287 (letter). Rager-Zisman, B., P. A. Neighbour, G. Ju, and B. R. Bloom. 1980. The role of H-2 in resistance and susceptibility to measles virus infection. Pp. 313-320 in Genetic Control of Natural Resistance to Infection and Malignancy, E. Skamene, P. A. L. Kougshavn, and M. Landy, eds. New York: Academic Press. Raveche, E. S., S. H. Tjio, W. Boegel, and A. D. Steinberg. 1979. Studies of the effects of sex hormones on autosomal and X-linked genetic control of induced and spontaneous an- tibody production. Arthritis Rheum. 22: 1177- 1187. Rayssiguier, Y., P. Larvor, Y. Augusti, and J. Durlach. 1977. Serum proteins in magnesium- deficient rat. Ann. Biol. Anim. Biochem. Biophys. 17:147-152. Reddy, S., D. Piccione, H. Takita, and R. B. Bankert. 1987. Human lung tumor growth established in the lung and subcutaneous tissue of mice with severe combined immunode- ficiency. Cancer Res. 47:2456-2460. Reed, N. D., and J. W. Jutila. 1972. Immune responses of congenitally thymusless mice to heterologous erythrocytes. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 139:1234-1237. Reske-Kunz, A. B., M. P. Scheid, and E. A. Boyse. 1979. Disproportion in T-cell subpop- ulations in immunodeficient mutant hrlhr mice. J. Exp. Med. 149:228-233. Rheins, L. A., M. R. Palkowski, and J. J. Nordlund. 1986. Alterations in cutaneous immune reactivity to dinitrofluorobenzene in graying C57BL/vi vi mice. J. Invest. Dermatol. 86:539- 542. Richter, C. B. 1970. Application of infectious agents to the study of lung cancer: Studies on the etiology and morphogenesis of metaplastic lung lesions in mice. Pp. 365-382 in Mor- phology of Experimental Respiratory Carcinogenesis, P. Netteshein, M. G. Hanna, Jr., and J. W. Deathekage, eds. Proceedings of a Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory conference held May 13-16, 1970, in Gatlingburg, Tenn. U.S. Atomic Energy Commission (USAEC) Symposium Series 21. Oak Ridge, Tenn.: USAEC Division of Technical Infor- mation. Riley, V. 1966. Spontaneous mammary tumors: Decrease of incidence in mice infected with the enzyme-elevating virus. Science 153:1657-1658. Riley, V. 1981. Psychoneuroendocrine influences on immunocompetence and neoplasia. Sci- ence 212:1100-1109. Riley, V., and D. Spackman. 1977. Modifying effects of a benign virus on the malignant process and the role of physiological stress on tumor incidence. Pp. 319-336 in Modulation of Host Immune Resistance in the Prevention or Treatment of Induced Neoplasias, M. A. Chirigos, ed. DHEW Pub. No. (NIH) 77-893. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Riley, V., D. Spackman, M. A. Fitzmaurice, J. Roberts, J. S. Holcenberg, and W. C. Dolowy. 1974. Therapeutic properties of a new glutaminase-asparaginase preparation and the influence of the lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus. Cancer Res. 34:429-438. Riley, V., D. M. Spackman, and G. A. Santisteban. 1978. The LDH virus: An interfering biological contaminant. Science 200:124-126. Robinson, H. J., H. F. Phares, and O. E. Graessle. 1974. Prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors and infection. Pp. 327-342 in Prostaglandin Synthetase Inhibitors Their Effect on Phys- iological Functions and Pathological States, H. J. Robinson and J. R. Vane, eds. New York: Raven Press. Roder, J., and A. Duwe. 1979. The beige mutation in the mouse selectively impairs natural killer cell function. Nature (London) 278:451-453. Rodriguez, M., J. Leibowitz, and C. S. David. 1986. Susceptibility to Theiler's virus-induced demyelination. Mapping of the gene within the H-2D region. J. Exp. Med. 163:620-631. Roitt, I., J. Brostoff, and D. Male. 1985. Antibody structure and function. Pp. 5.1-5.10 in Immunology. London: Gower Medical Publishing.

REFERENCES 20 1 Rolstad, B., S. Possum, B. Tonessen, and W. L. Ford. 1983. Athymic nude rats resist graft- versus-host disease because they reject allogeneic lymphocytes. Transplant. Proc. 15: 1656- 1657. Rose, N. R., A. O. Vladutiu, C. S. David, and D. C. Schreffler. 1973. Autoimmune murine thyroiditis. V. Genetic influence on the disease in BSVS and BRVR mice. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 15:281-287. Rosenberg, L. T., and D. K. Tachibana. 1962. Activity of mouse complement. J. Immunol. 89:861-867. Rosenfeld, S. I., L. R. Weilkamp, and F. Ward. 1977. Hereditary C5 deficiency in man: Genetic linkage studies. J. Immunol. 119:604-608. Rossini, A. A., J. P. Mordes, A. M. Pelletier, and A. A. Like. 1983. Transfusions of whole blood prevent spontaneous diabetes mellitus in the BB/W rat. Science 219:975-977. Rossini, A. A., J. P. Mordes, and A. A. Like. 1985. Immunology of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Annul Rev. Immunol. 3:289-320. Roths, J. B. 1987. Differential expression of marine autoimmunity and lymphoid hyperplasia determined by single genes. Pp. 21-33 in New Horizons in Animal Models for Autoimmune Disease, M. Kyogoku and H. Wigzell, eds. Tokyo: Academic Press. Roths, J. B., and E. D. Murphy. 1982. The beige mutation retards the progression of autoim- mune disease. P. 65 in 53rd Annual Report: 1981-1982. Bar Harbor, Maine: The Jackson Laboratory. Roths, J. B., E. D. Murphy, and E. M. Eicher. 1984. A new mutation, gld, that produces lymphoproliferation and autoimmunity in C3H/HeJ mice. J. Exp. Med. 159:1-20. Ruco, L. P., M. S. Meltzer, and D. L. Rosenstreich. 1978. Macrophage activation for tumor cytotoxicity: Control of macrophage tumoricidal capacity by the LPS gene. J. Immunol. 121 :543-548. Russell, E. S. 1949. Analysis of pleiotropism at the W-locus in the mouse: Relationship between the effects of W and ~ substitution on hair pigmentation and on erythrocytes. Genetics 34:708-723. Russell, E. S. 1970. Abnormalities of erythropoiesis associated with mutant genes in mice. Pp. 649-675 in Regulation of Hematopoiesis, Vol. 1, A. S. Gordon, ed. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts. Ryan, J. L., and K. P. W. J. McAdam. 1977. Genetic non-responsiveness of murine fibroblasts to bacterial endotoxin. Nature (London) 269:153-155. Sabin, A. B. 1952. Nature of inherited resistance to viruses affecting the nervous system. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 38:540-546. Sadoff, D. A., W. E. Giddens, Jr., R. F. DiGiacomo, and A. M. Vogel. 1988. Neoplasms in NIH type II athymic (nude) mice. Lab. Anim. Sci. 38:407-412. Sainis, K., and S. K. Datta. 1988. CD4+ T cell lines with selective patterns of autoreactivity as well as CD4- CD8- T helper cell lines augment the production of idiotypes shared by pathogenic anti-DNA autoantibodies in the NZB x SWR model of lupus nephritis. J. Immunol. 140:2215-2224. Saito, M., M. Nakagawa, K. Kinoshita, and K. Imaizumi. 1978a. Etiological studies on natural outbreaks of pneumonia in mice. Nippon Juigaku Zasshi (Jpn. J. Vet. Sci.) 40:283- 290. Saito, M., M. Nakagawa, T. Muto, and K. Imaizumi. 1978b. Strain difference of mouse in susceptibility to Mycoplasma pulmonis infection. Nippon Juigaku Zasshi (Jpn. J. Vet. Sci.) 40:697-705. Salzman, L. A., ed. 1986. Animal Models of Retrovirus Infection and Their Relationship to AIDS. Orlando, Fla.: Academic Press. 470 pp. Sanchez, P., D. Primi, M. Levi-Strauss, and P. A. Cazenave. 1985. The regulatory locus rA1

202 REFERENCES affects the level of Al light chain synthesis in lipopolysaccharide-activated lymphocytes but not the frequency of al-positive B cell precursors. Eur. J. Immunol. 15:66-72. Sasaki, S., A. Ozawa, and K. Hashimoto, eds. 1981. Recent Advances in Germfree Research. Proceedings of the Seventh International Symposium on Gnotobiology held June 29-July 3, 1981, in Tokyo, Japan. Tokyo: Tokai University Press. 776 pp. Saxena, R. K., Q. B. Saxena, and W. H. Adler. 1982. Defective T-cell response in beige mutant mice. Nature (London) 295:240-241. Schaible, R., and J. W. Gowen. 1961. A new dwarf mouse. Genetics 46:896 (abstr.). Schaller, J. G., B. G. Gilliland, H. D. Ochs, J. P. Leddy, L. C. Y. Agodoa, and S. I. Rosenfeld. 1977. Severe systemic lupus erythematosus with nephritis in a boy with deficiency of the fourth component of complement. Arthritis Rheum. 20:1519-1525. Scheid, M. P., J. M. Chapman-Alexander, T. Hayama, I. R. Katz, S. P. Lerman, C. Nagler, N. M. Ponzio, and G. J. Thorbecke. 1981. Identification of transplantable reticulum cell sarcomas in SJL/J mice as belonging to the B cell lineage. Pp. 475-482 in B Lymphocytes in the Immune Response: Functional, Developmental, and Interactive Properties, N. Klin- man, D. E. Mosier, I. Scher, and E. S. Vitetta, eds. New York: Elsevier/North-Holland. Scheinberg, M. A., E. S. Cathcart, J. W. Eastcott, M. Skinner, M. Benson, T. Shirahama, and M. Bennett. 1976. The SJL/J mouse: A new model for spontaneous age-associated amyloidosis. I. Morphologic and immunochemical aspects. Lab. Invest. 35:47-54. Scher, I., M. M. Frantz, and A. D. Steinberg. 1973. The genetics of the immune response to a synthetic double-stranded RNA in a mutant CBA mouse strain. J. Immunol. 110:1396- 1401. Schneider, G. B. 1976. Immunological competence in Snell-Bagg pituitary dwarf mice: Re- sponse to contact-sensitizing agent oxazolone. Am. J. Anat. 145:371-393. Schneider, G. B. 1978. The role of lymphoid cells in bone resorption: Cellular immunological competence in ia rats. Am. J. Anat. 153:305-319. Schneider, G., and S. C. Marks, Jr. 1983. Immunological competence in osteopetrotic (mi crophthalmic) mice. Exp. Cell Biol. 51:327-336. Schour, I., S. N. Bhaskar, R. O. Greep, and J. P. Weinmann. 1949. Odontome-like formation in a mutant strain of rats. Am. J. Anat. 85:73-112. Schuler, W., I. J. Weiler, A. Schuler, R. A. Phillips, N. Rosenberg, T. W. Mak, J. F. Kearney, R. P. Perry, and M. J. Bosma. 1986. Rearrangement of antigen receptor genes is defective in mice with severe combined immune deficiency. Cell 46:963-972. Schuler, W., A. Schuler, G. G. Lennon, G. C. Bosma, and M. J. Bosma. 1988. Transcription of unrearranged antigen receptor genes in scid mice. EMBO J. 7:2019-2024. Schulman, L. E., J. M. Gumpel, W. A. D' Angelo, R. L. Souhami, M. B. Stevens, A. S. Townes, and A. T. Masi. 1964. Antinuclear factor in inbred strains of mice: The possible role of environmental influence. Arthritis Rheum. 7:753 (abstr.). Schultz, J. S., S. E. Walker, and C. S. David. 1982. The H-2 haplotype of the PN (Palmerston North) inbred strain. Immunogenetics 16:269-271. Schwinzer, R., H. J. Hedr~ch, and K. Wonigeit. 1987. The alloreactive potential of T-like cells from athymic nude rats (rnuirnu). Transplant. Proc. 19:285-287. Searle, A. G. 1959. Hereditary absence of spleen in the mouse. Nature (London) 184:1419- 1420. Sebesteny, A., and A. C. Hill. 1974. Hepatitis and brain lesions due to mouse hepatitis virus accompanied by wasting in nude mice. Lab. Anim. (London) 8:317-326. Sedlacek, R. S., H. D. Suit, K. A. Mason, and E. R. Rose. 1980. Development and operation of a stable limited defined flora mouse colony. Pp. 197-201 in Animal Quality and Models in Biomedical Research, A. Spiegel, S. Erichsen, and H. A. Solleveld, eds. Proceedings of the 7th Symposium of the International Council for Laboratory Animal Science (ICLAS) held August 21-23, 1979, in Utrecht, The Netherlands. Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer Verlag.

REFERENCES 203 Seemayer, T. A., E. Colle, G. S. Tannenbaum, L. L. Oligny, R. D. Guttmann, and H. Goldman. 1983. Spontaneous diabetes mellitus syndrome-in the rat. III. Pancreatic alterations in aglycosuric and untreated diabetic BB Wistar-derived rats. Metabolism 32(.~,nol 11 96- 32. - - v-rrA- ^, -~ Seifert, M. F., and S. C. Marks, Jr. 1985. Morphological evidence of reduced bone resorption in osteosclerotic (oc) mice. Am. J. Anal. 172:141-153. Seifert, M. F., and S. C. Marks, Jr. 1987. Congenitally osteosclerotic (ocloc) mice are resistant to cure by transplantation of bone marrow or spleen cells from normal littermates. Tissue Cell 19:29-37. Seifert, M. F., S. N. Popoff, and S. C. Marks, Jr. 1988. Skeletal biology in the toothless (osteopetrotic) rat. Am. J. Anat. 183:158-165. Seldin, M. F., J. P. Reeves, C. L. Scribner, J. B. Roths, W. F. Davidson, H. C. Morse III, and A. D. Steinberg. 1987. Effect of xid on autoimmune C3H-gld/gld mice. Cell. Immunol. 107:249-255. Serreze, D. V., and E. H. Leiter. 1988. Defective activation of T suppressor cell function in nonobese diabetic mice. J. Immunol. 140:3801 -3807. Serreze, D. V., K. Hamaguchi, and E. H. Leiter. 1988a. Defective immunoregulatory signaling in NOD mice. Diabetes 37(suppl. 1):98A (abstr. 392). Serreze, D. V., E. H. Leiter, E. L. Kuff, P. Jardieu, and K. Ishizka. 1988b. Molecular mimicry between insulin and retroviral antigen p73. Development of cross-reactive antibodies in sera of NOD and C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice. Diabetes 37:351-358. Serreze, D. V., E. H. Leiter, S. M. Worthen, and L. D. Shultz. 1988c. NOD marrow stem cells adoptively transfer diabetes to resistant (NOD x NON)F1 mice. Diabetes 37:252- 255. Shapiro, J., J. Jersky, S. Katzav, M. Feldman, and S. Segal. 1981. Anesthetic drugs accelerate the progression of postoperative metastases of mouse tumors. J. Clin. Invest. 68:678-685. Sharkis, S. J., W. Wiktor-Jedrzejczak, A. Ahmed, G. W. Santos, A. McKee, and K. W. Sell. 1978. Antitheta-sensitive regulatory cell (TSRC) and hematopoiesis: Regulation of differentiation of transplanted stem cells in W/W~ anemic and normal mice. Blood 52:802- 817. Sheena, J., and C. J. Meade. 1978. Mice bearing the oblob mutation have impaired immunity. Int. Arch. Allergy Appl. Immun. 57:263-268. Sherr, D. H., N.-K. Cheung, K. M. Heghinian, B. Benacerraf, and M. E. Dorf. 1979. Immune suppression in vivo with antigen-modified syngeneic cells. II. T cell-mediated nonrespon- siveness to fowl ~y-globulin. J. Immunol. 122:1899-1904. Sherr, D. H., M. E. Dorf, M. Gibson, amd C. L. Sidman. 1987. Ly-1 B helper cells in autoimmune "viable motheaten ' mice. J. Immunol. 139:1811-1817. Shevach, E., I. Green, and M. M. Frank. 1976. Linkage of C4 deficiency to the major histocompatibility locus in the guinea pig. J. Immunol. 116:1750 (abstr.). Shirai, T. K., and R. C. Mellors. 1971. Natural thymocytotoxic autoantibody and reactive antigen in New Zealand black and other mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 68:1412-1415. Shirai, T., T. Yoshiki, and R. C. Mellors. 1972. Thymus dependence of cells in peripheral lymphoid tissues and in the circulation sensitive to natural thymocytotoxic autoantibody in NZB mice. J. Immunol. 109:32-37. Shirai, T., K. Hayakawa, K. Okumura, and T. Tada. 1978. Differential cytotoxic effect of natural thymocytotoxic autoantibody of NZB mice on functional subsets of T cells. J. Immunol. 120: 1924- 1929. Shirai, T., S. Hirose, K. Ohta, and N. Maruyama. 1984. H-2 linked genes and autoimmune disease in New Zealand mice. Pp. 75-84 in Immunogenetics. Its Application to Clinical Medicine, T. Sasazuki and T. Tada, eds. Tokyo: Academic Press. Shirai, T., S. Hirose, I. Sekigawa, T. Okada, and H. Sato. 1987. Genetic and cellular basis

204 REFERENCES of anti-DNA antibody synthesis in systemic lupus erythematosus of New Zealand mice. J. Rheumatol. 14(suppl. 13):11-20. Shizuru, J. A., C. Taylor-Edwards, B. A. Banks, A. K. Gregory, and C. G. Fathman. 1988. Immunotherapy of the nonobese diabetic mouse: Treatment with an antibody to T-helper lymphocytes. Science 240:659-662. Shreffler, D. C. 1982. MHC-linked complement components. Pp. 187-219 in Histocompa- tibility Antigens. Structure and Function. Receptors and Recognition, Series B. Vol. 14, P. Parham and J. Strominger, eds. London: Chapman and Hall. Shreffler, D. C., and R. D. Owen. 1963. A serologically detected variant in mouse serum: Inheritance and association with the histocompatibility-2 locus. Genetics 48:9-25. Shultz, L. D., and M. C. Green. 1976. Motheaten, an immunodeficient mutant of the mouse. II. Depressed immune competence and elevated serum irnmunoglobulins. J. Immunol. 116:936- 943. Shultz, L. D., and C. L. Sidman. 1987. Genetically determined murine models of immuno- deficiency. Annul Rev. Immunol. 5:367-403. Shultz, L. D., and R. B. Zurier. 1978. "Motheaten": A single gene model for stem cell dysfunction and early onset autoimmunity. Pp. 229-240 in Genetic Control of Autoimmune Disease. Developments in Immunology, Vol. 1, N. R. Rose, P. E. Bigazzi, and N. L. Warner, eds. Proceedings of a workshop held July 10-12, 1978, in Bloomfield Hills, Mich. New York: Elsevier/North-Holland. Shultz, L. D., H.-J. Heiniger, and E. M. Eicher. 1978. Immunopathology of streaker mice: A remutation to nude in the AKR/J strain. Pp. 211-222 in Animal Models of Comparative and Developmental Aspects of Immunity and Disease, M. E. Gershwin and E. L. Cooper, eds. Proceedings of a symposium held during the annual meeting of the American Society of Zoologists, December 27-30, 1977, in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Elmsford, N.Y.: Pergamon. Shultz, L. D., H. G. Bedigian, H.-J. Heiniger, and E. M. Eicher. 1982a. The congenitally athymic streaker mouse. Pp. 33-39 in Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Nude Mice. Vol. 1: Invited Lectures, Infection, Immunology, N. D. Reed, ed. Proceedings of a workshop held September 6-9, 1979, in Bozeman, Mont. New York: Gustav Fischer Verlag. Shultz, L. D., H. O. Sweet, M. T. Davisson, and D. R. Coman. 1982b. 'Wasted', a new mutant of the mouse with abnormalities characteristic of ataxia telangiectasia. Nature (Lon- don) 297:402-404. Shultz, L. D., H. Bedigian, G. Carlson, and D. R. Coman. 1983. Effect of congenital athymia on expression of preleukemic cells. Pp. 225-226 in Leukemia Reviews International, Vol. 1, M. A. Rich, ed. New York: Marcel Dekker. Shultz, L. D. D. R. Coman, C. L. Bailey, W. G. Beamer, and C. L. Sidman. 1984. "Viable motheaten," a new allele at the motheaten locus. I. Pathology. Am. J. Pathol. 116:179- 192. Sidman, C. L., L. D. Shultz, and E. R. Unanue. 1978. The mouse mutant "motheaten." I. Development of lymphocyte populations. J. Immunol. 121:2392-2398. Sidman, C. L., J. D. Marshall. W. G. Beamer, J. H. Nadeau, and E. R. Unanue. 1986a. Two loci affecting B cell responses to B cell maturation factors. J. Exp. Med. 163:116- 128. Sidman, C. L., L. D. Shultz, R. R. Hardy, K. Hayakawa, and L. A. Herzenberg. 1986b. Production of immunoglobulin isotypes by Ly-1 + B cells in viable motheaten and normal mice. Science 232:1423-1425. Sidman, R. L., M. C. Green, and S. H. Appel. 1965. Lethargic, Ih, recessive. P. 34 in Catalog of the Neurological Mutants of the Mouse. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.

REFERENCES 205 Siegel, B. V., and J. I. Morton. 1966. Depressed antibody response in the mouse infected with Rauscher leukaemia virus. Immunology 10:559-562. Siegler, R., and M. A. Rich. 1968. Pathogenesis of reticulum cell sarcoma in mice. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 41: 125- 143. Simmons, M. L., C. B. Richter, R. W. Tennant, and J. Franklin. 1968. Production of specific pathogen-free rats in plastic germfree isolator rooms. Pp. 38-47 in Advances in Germfree Research and Gnotobiology, M. Miyakawa and T. D. Luckey, eds. Proceedings of a sym- posium on Gnotobiotic Life in Medical and Biological Research held April 6-9, 1967, in Nagoya and Inuyama, Japan. Cleveland: CRC Press. Singer, P. A., R. J. McEvilly, D. J. Noonan, F. J. Dixon, and A. N. Theofilopoulos. 1986. Clonal diversity and T-cell receptor p-chain variable gene expression in enlarged lymph nodes of MRL-lpr/lpr lupus mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83:7018-7022. Skamene, E., P. Gros, A. Forget, P. J. Patel, and M. N. Nesbitt. 1984. Regulation of resistance to leprosy by chromosome 1 locus in the mouse. Immunogenetics 19:117-124. Skidmore, B. J., J. M. Chiller, W. O. Weigle, R. Riblet, and J. Watson. 1976. Immunologic properties of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). III. Genetic linkage between the in vitro mitogenic and in vivo adjuvant properties of LPS. J. Exp. Med. 143:143-150. Slavin, S., S. Strober, Z. Fuks, and H. S. Kaplan. 1977. Induction of specific tissue trans- plantation tolerance using fractionated total lymphoid irradiation in adult mice: Long-term survival of allogeneic bone marrow and skin grafts. J. Exp. Med. 146:34-48. Small, J. D. 1984. Rodent and lagomorph health surveillance Quality assurance. Pp. 709- 723 in Laboratory Animal Medicine, J. G. Fox, B. J. Cohen, and F. M. Loew, eds. Orlando, Fla.: Academic Press. Smith, H. R., T. M. Chused, and A. D. Steinberg. 1983. The effect of the X-linked immune deficiency gene (xid) upon the Y chromosome-related disease of BXSB mice. J. Immunol. 131: 1257-1262. Smith, H. R., L. J. Yaffe, D. L. Kastner, and A. D. Steinberg. 1986. Evidence that Lyb-5 is a differentiation antigen in normal and xid mice. J. Immunol. 136:1194-1200. Snell, G. D. 1929. Dwarf, a new Mendelian recessive character of the house mouse. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 15:733-734. Snyderman, R., and G. J. Cianciolo. 1984. Immunosuppressive activity of the retroviral envelope protein P1SE and its possible relationship to neoplasia. Immunol. Today 5:240- 244. Soll, A. H., C. R. Kahn, D. M. Neville, Jr., and J. Roth. 1975. Insulin receptor deficiency in genetic and acquired obesity. J. Clin. Invest. 56:769-780. Sorensen, O., R. Dugre, D. Percy, and S. Dales. 1982. In vivo and in vitro models of demyelinating disease: Endogenous factors influencing demyelinating disease caused by mouse hepatitis virus in rats and mice. Infect. Immun. 37:1248-1260. Sparrow, S. 1980. The importance of disease in immunodeficient mice and rats. Pp. 25-41 in Immunodeficient Animals for Cancer Research, S. Sparrow, ed. New York: Oxford University Press. Sprent, J., and J. Bruce. 1984. Physiology of B cells in mice with X-linked immunodeficiency (xid). III. Disappearance of xid B cells in double bone marrow chimeras. J. Exp. Med. 160:711-723. Staats, J. 1981. List of inbred strains. Pp. 373-376 in Genetic Variants and Strains of the Laboratory Mouse, M. C. Green, ed. Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer Verlag. Stanley, N. F., and R. F. Joske. 1975. Animal model of human disease: Active chronic hepatitis. Animal model: Chronic murine hepatitis induced by reovirus type 3. Am. J. Pathol. 80: 181-184. Stanley, P. G. 1965. Non-oncogenic infectious agents associated with experimental tumors. Prog. Exp. Tumor Res. 7:224-258.

206 REFERENCES Stefansson, K., M. E. Dieperink, D. P. Richman, C. M. Gomez, and L. S. Marton. 1985. Sharing of antigenic determinants between the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and proteins in Escherichia colt, Proteus vulgaris and Klebsiella pneumonias. N. Engl; J. Med. 312:221- 225. Stein, M. 1985. Bereavement, depression, stress, and immunity. Pp. 29-44 in Neural Mod- ulation of Immunity, R. Guillemin, M. Cohn, and T. Melnechuk, eds. Proceedings of a symposium held October 27-28, 1983, under the auspices of the Princess Liliane Cardiology Foundation, Brussels, Belgium. New York: Raven Press. Steinberg, A. D., J. B. Roths, E. D. Murphy, R. T. Steinberg, and E. S. Raveche. 1980. Effects of thymectomy or androgen administration upon the autoimmune disease of MRLI Mp-lpr/lpr mice. J. Immunol. 125:871-873. Steinberg, A. D., E. S. Raveche, C. A. Laskin, M. L. Miller, and R. J. Steinberg. 1982. Genetic, environmental and cellular factors in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythe- matosus. Arthritis Rheum. 25:734-743. Steinberg, A. D., E. S. Reveche, C. A. Laskin, H. R. Smith, T. Santoro, M. L. Miller, and P. H. Plotz. 1984. Systemic lupus erythematosus: Insights from animal models. Ann. Intern. Med. 100:714-727. Steinberg, A. D., D. M. Klinman, D. L. Kastner, M. F. Seldin, W. C. Gause, C. L. Scribner, J. L. Britten, J. N. Siegel, and J. D. Mountz. 1987. Genetic and molecular genetic studies of murine and human lupus. J. Rheumatol. 14(suppl. 13):166-176. Steinberg, E. B., T. J. Santoro, T. M. Chused, P. A. Smathers, and A. D. Steinberg. 1983. Studies of congenic MRL-lprllpr.xid mice. J. Immunol. 131:2789-2795. Sternberg, E. M., and C. W. Parker. 1988. Pharmacologic aspects of lymphocyte regulation. Pp. 1-54 in The Lymphocyte: Structure and Function, 2d ea., J. J. Marchalonis, ed. New York: Marcel Dekker. Sternthal, E., A. A. Like, K. Sarantis, and L. E. Braverrnan. 1981. Lymphocytic thyroiditis and diabetes in the BB/W rat. A new model of autoimmune endocrinopathy. Diabetes 30:1058-1061. Stevens, J., and J. F. Loutit. 1982. Mast cells in spotted mutant mice (W Ph ml). Proc. R. Soc. London Ser. B 215:405-409. Stiller, C. R., A. Laupacis, P. A. Keown, C. Gardell, J. Dupre, P. Thibert, and W. Wall. 1983. Cyclosporine: Action, pharmacokinetics, and effect in the BB rat model. Metabolism 32(suppl. 1):69-72. Stohlman, S. A., and J. A. Frelinger. 1978. Resistance to fatal central nervous system disease by mouse hepatitis virus, strain JHM. I. Genetic analysis. Immunogenetics 6:277-281. Stohlman, S. A., J. A. Frelinger, and L. P. Weiner. 1980. Resistance to fatal central nervous system disease by mouse hepatitis virus, strain JHM. II. Adherent cell-mediated protection. J. Immunol. 124: 1733- 1739. Stoye, J. P., S. Fenner, G. E. Greenoak, C. Moran, and J. M. Coffin. 1988. Role of endogenous retroviruses as mutagens: The hairless mutation of mice. Cell 54:383-391 Strang, C. J., H. S. Auerbach, and F. S. Rosen. 1986. Cls-induced vascular permeability in C2-deficient guinea pigs. J. Immunol. 137:631-635. Strober, S., S. Slavin, M. Gottlieb, I. Zan-Bar, D. P. King, R. T. Hoppe, Z. Fuks, F. C. Grumet, and H. S. Kaplan. 1979. Allograft tolerance after total lymphoid irradiation (TLI). Immunol. Rev. 46:87-112. Stromberg, K., R. E. Benveniste, L. O. Arthur, H. Rabin, W. E. Giddens, Jr., H. D. Ochs, W. R. Morton, and C.-C. Tsai. 1984. Characterization of exogenous type D retrovirus from a fibroma of a macaque with simian AIDS and fibromatosis. Science 224:289-292. Sultzer, B. M. 1968. Genetic control of leucocyte responses to endotoxin. Nature (London) 219: 1253-1254. Surh, C. D., M. E. Gershwin, and A. Ahmed. 1987. A peripheral and central T cell antigen

REFERENCES 207 recognized by a monoclonal thymocytotoxic autoantibody from New Zealand black mice. J. Immunol. 138: 1421-1428. Suzuki, T., T. Yamada, T. Fujimura, E. Kawamura, M. Shimizu, R. Yamashita, and K. Nomoto. 1987. Diabetogenic effects of lymphoctye transfusion on the NOD or NOD nude mouse. Pp. 112-116 in Immune Deficient Animals in Biomedical Research, J. Rygaard, N. Brunner, N. Graem, and M. Spang-Thomsen, eds. Basel: Karger. Sweet, H. O. 1984. Wasted linkage. Mouse News Led. 71:31. Taguchi, O., A. Kojima, and Y. Nishizuka. 1985. Experimental autoimmune prostatitis after neonatal thymectomy in the mouse. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 60:123-129. Takaoki, M., and H. Kawaji. 1980. Impaired antibody response against T-dependent antigens in rhino mice. Immunology 40:27-31. Takatsu, K., and T. Hamaoka. 1982. DBA/2Ha mice as a model of an X-linked immuno deficiency which is defective in the expression of TRF-acceptor site(s) on B lymphocytes. Immunol. Rev. 64:25-55. Takatsu, K., N. Harada, Y. Hara, Y. Takahama, G. Yamada, K. Dobashi, and T. Hamaoka. 1985. Purification and physiochemical characterization of murine T cell replacing factor (TRF). J. Immunol. 134:382-389. Takeda, T., M. Hosokawa, S. Takeshita, M. Irino, K. Higuchi, T. Matsushita, Y. Tomita, K. Yasuhira, H. Hamamoto, K. Shimizu, M. Ishii, and T. Yamamuro. 1981. A new murine model of accelerated senescence. Mech. Ageing Dev. 17:183-194. Talal, N. 1983. Immune response disorders. Pp. 391-399 in The Mouse in Biomedical Re- search. Vol. 3: Normative Biology, Immunology, and Husbandry, H. L. Foster, J. D. Small, and J. G. Fox, eds. New York: Academic Press. Tattersall, P., and S. F. Cotmore. 1986. The rodent parvoviruses. Pp. 305-348 in Viral and Mycoplasmal Infections of Laboratory Rodents. Effects on Biomedical Research, P. N. Bhatt, R. O. Jacoby, H. C. Morse III, and A. E. New, eds. Orlando, Fla.: Academic Press. Taurog, J. D., E. S. Raveche, P. A. Smathers, L. H. Glimcher, D. P. Huston, C. T. Hansen, and A. D. Steinberg. 1981. T cell abnormalities in NZB mice occur independently of autoantibody production. J. Exp. Med. 153:221-234. Taylor, C. R. 1976. Immuno-histological observations upon the development of reticulum cell sarcoma in the mouse. J. Pathol . 118:201 -219. Teuscher, C. 1985. Experimental allergic orchitis in mice. II. Association of disease suscep- tibility with the locus controlling Bordetella pertussis-induced sensitivity to histamine. Im- munogenetics 22:417-425. Theofilopoulos, A. N. 1986. Molecular genetics of murine lupus. Agents Actions 19:282- 294. Theofilopoulos, A. N., and F. J. Dixon. 1985. Murine models of system~c lupus erythematosus. Adv. Immunol. 37:269-390. Theofilopoulos, A. N., R. A. Eisenberg, M. Bourdon, J. S. Crowell, Jr., and F. J. Dixon. 1979. Distribution of lymphocytes identified by surface markers in murine strains with systemic lupus erythematosus-like syndromes. J. Exp. Med. 149:516-534. Thigpen, J. E., and P. W. Ross. 1983. Viral cross contamination of rats maintained in a fabric- walled mass air flow system. Lab. Anim. Sci. 33:446-450. Thong, Y. H., and A. Ferrante. 1980. Effect of tetracycline on immunological responses in mice. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 39:728-732. Thunert, A., L. C. Jonas, S. Rehm, and E. Sickel. 1985. Transmission and course of Tyzzer's disease in euthymic and thymus aplastic nude Han:RNU rats. Z. Versuchstierkd. 27:241- 248. Tisdale, W. A. 1963. Potentiating effect of K virus on mouse hepatitis virus (MHV-5) in weanling mice. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 114:774-777.

208 REFERENCES Tochino, Y. 1987. The NOD mouse as a model of type I diabetes. CRC Crit. Rev. Immunol. 8:49-81. Tochino, Y., T. Kanaya, and S. Makino. 1983. Microangiopathy in the spontaneously diabetic nonobese mouse (NOD mouse) with insulitis. Pp. 423-432 in Diabetic Microangiopathy, H. Abe and M. Hoshi, eds. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press. Tominaga, A., K. Takatsu, and T. Hamaoka. 1980. Antigen-induced T cell-replacing factor (TRF). II. X-linked gene control for the expression of TRF-acceptor site(s) on B lymphocytes and preparation of specific antiserum to that acceptor. J. Immunol. 124:2423-2429. Tonietti, G., M. B. A. Oldstone, and F. J. Dixon. 1970. The effect of induced chronic viral infections on the immunologic diseases of New Zealand mice. J. Exp. Med. 132:89-109. Toyota, T., J. Satoh, K. Oya, S. Shintani, and T. Okano. 1986. Streptococcal preparation (OK-432) inhibits development of type I diabetes in NOD mice. Diabetes 35:496-499. Trexler, P. C. 1976. Gnotobiotic animals: 1. Pp. 135-146 in The UFAW Handbook on the Care and Management of Laboratory Animals, 5th ea., Universities Federation for Animal Welfare (UFAW), ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. Trexler, P. C. 1983. Gnotobiotics. Pp. 1-16 in The Mouse in Biomedical Research. Vol. III: Normative Biology, Immunology, and Husbandry, H. L. Foster, J. D. Small, and J. G. Fox, eds. New York: Academic Press. Van Bleek, G. M., M. De Hullu, J. Sanders, D. Hoekstra, J. Calafat, and C. J. Lucas. 1988. Recognition of viral antigens by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 532:429- 431. Van Vliet, E., E. J. Jenkinson, R. Kingston, J. J. T. Owen, and W. Van Ewijk. 1985. Stromal cell types in the developing thymus of the normal and nude mouse embryo. Eur. J. Immunol. 15:675-681. Vassalli, J.-D., A. Granelli-Piperno, C. Griscelli, and E. Reich. 1978. Specific protease deficiency in polymorphonuclear leukocytes of Chediak-Higashi syndrome and beige mice. J. Exp. Med. 147:1285-1290. Vladutiu, A. O., and N. R. Rose. 1971. Autoimmune murine thyroiditis in relation to his- tocompatibility (H-2) type. Sc~ence 174: 1137- 1139. Vogel, S. N., C. T. Hansen, and D. L. Rosenstreich. 1979. Characterization of a congenitally LPS-resistant, athymic mouse strain. J. Immunol. 122:619-622. Vogel, S. N., A. C. Weinblatt, and D. L. Rosenstreich. 1981. Inherent macrophage defects in mice. Pp. 327-357 in Immunologic Defects in Laboratory Animals, Vol. 1, M. E. Gershwin and B. Merchant, eds. New York: Plenum. Vogel, S. N., G. S. Madonna, L. M. Wahl, and P. D. Rick. 1984. Stimulation of spleen cells and macrophages of C3H/HeJ mice by a lipid A precursor derived from Salmonella typhimurium. Rev. Infect. Dis. 6:535-541. Vos, J. G., J. M. Berkvens, and B. C. Kruijt. 1980. The athymic nude rat. I. Morphology of lymphoid and endocrine organs. Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 15:213-228. Vukajlovich, S. W., and D. C. Morrison. 1984. Lipid A-dependent lymphocyte proliferation in "endotoxin-nonresponder" mice. Rev. Infect. Dis. 6:528-531. Wagner, J. E., and P. J. Manning. 1976. The Biology of the Guinea Pig. New York: Academic Press. 317 pp. Walker, D. G. 1975a. Bone resorption restored in osteopetrotic mice by transplants of normal bone marrow and spleen cells. Science 190:784-785. Walker, D. G. 1975b. Spleen cells transmit osteopetrosis in mice. Science 190:785-787. Walker, D. G. 1975c. Control of bone resorption by hematopoietic tissue. The induction and reversal of congenital osteopetrosis in mice through use of bone marrow and splenic trans- plants. J. Exp. Med. 142:651-663. Walker, S. E. 1988. Defective primary and secondary IgG responses to thymic-dependent antigens in autoimmune PN mice. J. Immunol. 140:3426-3433.

REFERENCES 209 Walker, S. E., and J. E. Hewett. 1984. Responses to T-cell and B-cell mitogens in autoimmune Palmerston North and NZB/NZW mice. Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 30:469-478. Walker, S. E., R. H. Gray, M. Fulton, R. D. Wigley, and B. Schnitzer. 1978. Palmerston North mice, a new animal model of systemic lupus erythematosus. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 92:932-945. Walker, S. E., A. B. Kier, E. C. Siegfried, B. G. Harris, and J. S. Schultz. 1986. Accelerated autoimmune disease and lymphoreticular neoplasms in F1 hybrid PN/NZB and NZB/PN mice. Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 39:81-92. Wallace, G. D., and R. M. L. Butler. 1985. Kinetics of ectromelia virus (mousepox) trans- mission and clinical response in C57BL/6J, BALB/cByJ and AKRJ inbred mice. Lab. Anim. Sci. 35:41-46. Wallace, G. D., and R. M. L. Butler. 1986. Ectromelia virus (mousepox): Biology, epizo- otiology, prevention and control. Pp. 539-556 in Viral and Mycoplasmal Infections of Laboratory Rodents. Effects on Biomedical Research, P. N. Bhatt, R. O. Jacoby, H. C. Morse III, and A. E. New, eds. Orlando, Fla.: Academic Press. Wanebo, H. J., W. M. Gallmeier, E. A. Boyse, and L. J. Old. 1966. Paraproteinemia and reticulum cell sarcoma in an inbred mouse strain. Science 154:901-903. Ward, J. M., D. P. Houchens, M. J. Collins, D. M. Young, and R. L. Reagan. 1976. Naturally occurring Sendai virus infection of athymic nude mice. Vet. Pathol. 13:36-46. Warren, M. K., and S. N. Vogel. 1985. Opposing effects of glucocorticoids on interferon-^y- induced murine macrophage Fc receptor and Ia antigen expression. J. Immunol. 134:2462- 2469. Watanabe, N., S. Kojima, and Z. Ovary. 1976. Suppression of IgE antibody production in SJL mice. I. Nonspecific suppressor T cells. J. Exp. Med. 143:833-845. Watanabe, R., H. Wege, and V. ter Meulen. 1983. Adoptive transfer of EAE-like lesions from rats with coronavirus-induced demyelinating encephalomyelitis. Nature (London) 305: 150- 153. Watson, J. 1977. Differentiation of B lymphocytes in C3H/HeJ mice: The induction of Ia antigens by lipopolysaccharide. J. Immunol. 118: 1103- 1108. Watson, J., and R. Riblet. 1974. Genetic control of responses to bacterial lipopolysaccharides in mice. I. Evidence for a single gene that influences mitogenic and immunogenic responses to lipopolysaccharides. J. Exp. Med. 140:1147-1161. Watson, J., and R. Riblet. 1975. Genetic control of responses to bacterial lipopolysaccharides in mice. II. A gene that influences a membrane component involved in the activation of bone marrow-derived lymphocytes by lipopolysaccharides. J. Immunol. 114:1462-1468. Watson, J., K. Kelly, M. Largen, and B. A. Taylor. 1978a. The genetic mapping of a defective Lps response gene in C3H/HeJ mice. J. Immunol. 120:422-424. Watson, J., M. Largen, and K. P. W. J. McAdam. 1978b. Genetic control of endotoxic responses in mice. J. Exp. Med. 147:39-49. Watters, J. W. F., J. D. Locker, H. W. Kunz, and T. J. Gill III. 1987. Polymorphism and mapping of the complement gene C4 in the rat. Immunogenetics 25:204-206. Webster, L. T. 1933. Inherited and acquired factors in resistance to infection. J. Exp. Med. 57:793-843. Webster, L. T. 1937. Inheritance of resistance of mice to enteric bacterial and neurotropic virus infections. J. Exp. Med. 65:261-286. Wege, H., J. Winter, P. Massa, R. Dorries, and V. ter Meulen. 1987. Coronavirus JHM induced demyelinating disease: Specific domains on the E2-protein are associated with neurovirulence. Pp. 307-320 in Coronaviruses, M. M. C. Lai and S. A. Stohlman, eds. Proceedings of the Third International Coronavirus Symposium held September 14- 18, 1986, in Asilomar, Calif. New York: Plenum. Weidanz, W. P., W. Morges, and H. Warren. 1978. Infection-related immunodepression. Pp.

2 1 0 REFERENCES 30-34 in Inadvertent Modification of the Immune Response: The Effects of Foods, Drugs, and Environmental Contaminants, I. M. Asher, ed. Proceedings of the Fourth FDA Science Symposium held August 28-30, 1978, in Annapolis, Md. DHHS Pub. No. (FDA) 80-1074. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Weihe, W. H. 1984. The thermoregulation of the nude mouse. Pp. 140-144 in Immune Deficient Animals, B. Sordat, ed. Basel: Karger. Weiss, M., S. H. Ingbar, S. Winblad, and D. L. Kasper. 1983. Demonstration of a saturable binding site for thyrotropin in Yersinia enterocolitica. Science 219:1331-1333. Welles, W. L., and J. R. Battisto. 1981. The significance of hereditary asplenia for immu- nologic competence. Pp. 191-212 in Immunologic Defects in Laboratory Animals, Vol. 1, M. E. Gershwin and B. Merchant, eds. New York: Plenum. Wicker, L. S., B. J. Miller, and Y. Mullen. 1986. Transfer of autoimmune diabetes mellitus with splenocytes from nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. Diabetes 35:855-860. Wicker, L. S., B. J. Miller, L. Z. Coker, S. E. McNally, S. Scott, Y. Mullen, and M. C. Appel. 1987. Genetic control of diabetes and insulitis in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse. J. Exp. Med. 165: 1639-1654. Wicker, L. S., B. J. Miller, A. Chat, M. Terada, and Y. Mullen. 1988. Expression of genetically determined diabetes and insulitis in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse at the level of bone marrow-derived cells. Transfer of diabetes and insulitis to nondiabetic (NOD x B10)F~ mice with bone marrow cells from NOD mice. J. Exp. Med. 167:1801-1810. Wikel, S. K. 1979. Acquired resistance to ticks. Expression of resistance by C4-deficient guinea pigs. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 28:586-590. Wiktor-Jedrzejczak, W., R. R. Skelly, and A. Ahmed. 1981. Hematopoietic stem cell dif- ferentiation and its role in osteopetrosis. Immunologic implications. Pp. 51-77 in Immu- nologic Defects in Laboratory Animals, Vol. 1, M. E. Gershwin and B. Merchant, eds. New York: Plenum. Wiktor-Jedrzejczak, W., A. Ahmed, C. Szczylik, and R. R. Skelly. 1982. Hematological characterization of congenital osteopetrosis in oplop mouse. J. Exp. Med. 156:1516-1527. Wiktor-Jedrzejczak, W., J. Grzybowski, A. Ahmed, and L. Kaczmarek. 1983. Osteopetrosis associated with premature thymic involution in gray-lethal mice. In vitro studies of thymic microenvironment. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 52:465-471. Williams, F. P., Jr., and R. T. Habermann. 1962. A study of bacterial contamination in commercially prepared animal feeds and bedding. Proc. Anim. Care Panel 12:11-14. Woda, B. A., A. A. Like, C. Padden, and M. L. McFadden. 1986. Deficiency of phenotypic cytotoxic-suppressor T lymphocytes in the BB/W rat. J. Immunol. 136:856-859. Wolfsy, D., and N. Y. Chiang. 1987. Proliferation of Ly-1 B cells in autoimmune NZB and (NZB x NZW)F1 mice. Eur. J. Immunol. 17:809-814. Woloski, B. M. R. N. J., E. M. Smith, W. J. Meyer III, G. M. Fuller, and J. E. Blalock. 1985. Corticotropin-releasing activity of monokines. Science 230:1035-1036. Wonigeit, K., H. J. Hedrich, and R. Schwinzer. 1987. Demonstration of alloreactive T cells and allogeneic skin graft rejection in athymic nude rats. Pp. 85-88 in Immune Deficient Animals in Biomedical Research, J. Rygaard, N. Brunner, N. Gracm, and M. Spang- Thomsen, eds. Basel: Karger. W~ortis, H. H., S. Nehlsen, and J. J. Owen. 1971. Abnormal development of the thymus in "nude" mice. J. Exp. Med. 134:681-692. Wortis, H. H., L. Burkly, D. Hughes, S. Roschelle, and G. Waneck. 1982. Lack of mature B cells in nude mice with X-linked immune deficiency. J. Exp. Med. 155:903-913. Yang, S. Y., R. Jensen, L. Folke, R. A. Good, and N. K. Day. 1974. Complement deficiency in hamsters. Fed. Proc. 33:795 (abstr.). Yoon, J.-W., T. Onodera, and A. L. Notkins. 1978. Virus-induced diabetes mellitis. XV.

REFERENCES 21 1 Beta cell damage and insulin-dependent hyperglycemia in mice infected with Coxsackie virus B4. J. Exp. Med. 148:1068-1080. Yoon, J.-W., P. R. McClintock, T. Onodera, and A. L. Notkins. 1980. Virus-induced diabetes mellitus. XVIII. Inhibition by a non-diabetogenic variant of encephalomyocarditis virus. J. Exp. Med. 152:878-892. Yoon, J.-W., E. H. Leiter, D. L. Coleman, M. K. Kim, C. Y. Pak, R. G. McArthur, and D. A. K. Roncari. 1988. Genetic control of organ reactive autoantibody production in mice by obesity (ob) diabetes (db) genes. Diabetes 37:1287-1293. Yoshiki, T., T. Hayasaka, R. Fukatsu, T. Shirai, T. Itoh, H. Ikeda, and M. Katagiri. 1979. The structural proteins of murine leukemia virus and the pathogenesis of necrotizing arteritis and glomerulonephritis in SL/Ni mice. J. Immunol. 122:1812-1820. Yui, K., Y. Hashimoto, S. Wadsworth, and M. I. Greene. 1987. Characterization of Lyt-2-, L3T4- class I-specific cytolytic clones in C3H-gldlgld mice. Implications for functions of accessory molecules-and programmed development. J. Exp. Med. 166:1026-1040. Zerwekh, J. E., S. C. Marks, Jr., and L. McGuire. 1987. Elevated serum 1,25 dihydroxy- vitamin D in osteopetrotic mutations in three species. Bone Mineral 2:193-199. Ziefer, A., T. Jacobs, H. J. Hedrich, and H. M. Seitz. 1984. Pneumocystis carinii-infections in immunosuppressed and in thymusdeficient rats. Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Hyg. A 258:387 (abstr. ). Zinkernagel, R. M., B. Adler, and A. Althage. 1977. The question of derepression of H-2 specificities in virus-infected cells: Failure to detect specific alloreactive T cells after systemic virus infection or alloantigens detectable by alloreactive T cells on virus-infected target cells. Immunogenetics 5:367-378. Zinkernagel, R. M., T. Leist, H. Hengartner, and A. Althage. 1985. Susceptibility to lym- phocyt~c choriomeningitis virus isolates correlates directly with early and high cytotoxic T cell activity, as well as with foot pad swelling reaction, and all three are regulated by H-2D. J. Exp. Med. 162:2125-2141. Zivkovic, D., J. E. Speksnijder, H. Kuil, and W. Seinen. 1985. Immunity to Babesia in mice. III. The effects of corticosteroids and anti-thymocyte serum on mice immune to Babesia rodhaini. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 9:131-142. Zurier, R. B. 1982. Prostaglandins, immune responses and murine lupus. Arthritis Rheum. 25:804-809.

Next: APPENDIX: HEMATOPOIETIC CELL-SURFACE ANTIGENS MENTIONED IN THE TEXT »
Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use Get This Book
×
 Immunodeficient Rodents: A Guide to Their Immunobiology, Husbandry, and Use
Buy Paperback | $70.00
MyNAP members save 10% online.
Login or Register to save!
Download Free PDF

This volume is an indispensable reference on the nature of immune defects in rodents and the special techniques necessary to maintain and breed them. The authors describe 64 inbred, hybrid, and mutant strains of rodents, each with some immune defect; explain mechanisms for ensuring genetic purity; and provide a standardized nomenclature for different varieties. Subsequent sections summarize and provide references on the genetics, pathophysiology, husbandry, and reproduction of each of the various strains as well as sound advice on planning for the selection, transportation, housing, and maintenance of these animals.

READ FREE ONLINE

  1. ×

    Welcome to OpenBook!

    You're looking at OpenBook, NAP.edu's online reading room since 1999. Based on feedback from you, our users, we've made some improvements that make it easier than ever to read thousands of publications on our website.

    Do you want to take a quick tour of the OpenBook's features?

    No Thanks Take a Tour »
  2. ×

    Show this book's table of contents, where you can jump to any chapter by name.

    « Back Next »
  3. ×

    ...or use these buttons to go back to the previous chapter or skip to the next one.

    « Back Next »
  4. ×

    Jump up to the previous page or down to the next one. Also, you can type in a page number and press Enter to go directly to that page in the book.

    « Back Next »
  5. ×

    To search the entire text of this book, type in your search term here and press Enter.

    « Back Next »
  6. ×

    Share a link to this book page on your preferred social network or via email.

    « Back Next »
  7. ×

    View our suggested citation for this chapter.

    « Back Next »
  8. ×

    Ready to take your reading offline? Click here to buy this book in print or download it as a free PDF, if available.

    « Back Next »
Stay Connected!