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COVARIATES, CONFOUNDERS, AND CONSISTENCY: CHARACTERIZING THE VIETNAM VETERAN FOR 30 EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES organizations. As a result, a number of changes were made in the American Legion questionnaire to accommodate the experiences of women in Vietnam; for example, the researchers expanded coverage of issues related to sexual harassment. In brief, the researchers found that previously developed measures of stressors (Wolfe et al, 1993) were reliable for women who served in Vietnam and that future epidemiologic studies of women veterans need to take such measures into account when assessing health risks related to their service in Vietnam. The results are discussed in the contractor's final report (Stellman and Stellman, 2003) and will be addressed in future papers to be submitted to peer-reviewed journals. CONTINUING WORK In addition to the papers cited above, the researchers indicate that they have several manuscripts regarding topics related to covariates, confounders and consistency in preparation or in early stages of submission. They will elaborate on information contained in the final report and disseminate it in the peer-reviewed literature. ACCOMPLISHMENTS ⢠Design and implementation of three studies examining self-reports of military service, physical and mental health, and other potential confounders and covariates of methodologic interest (for example, combat experience): a followup survey of a large cohort of Vietnam veterans who are members of the American Legion, a new survey of black and Latino Legionnaires who are veterans of Vietnam, and a new study of women veterans and civilians who were stationed in Vietnam during the conflict. ⢠An empirical evaluation of the validity of veterans' recall.
