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Child Health in Complex Emergencies (2006)

Chapter: Appendix B Summary of Comprehensive Guidelines

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix B Summary of Comprehensive Guidelines." National Research Council. 2006. Child Health in Complex Emergencies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11527.
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Appendix B
Summary of Comprehensive Guidelines

Suggested Citation:"Appendix B Summary of Comprehensive Guidelines." National Research Council. 2006. Child Health in Complex Emergencies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11527.
×

Child Health Activity

MSF 5th edition

Oxfam

Measles in children

measles immunization

2

2

case management guidelines

1

2

vitamin A therapy

1

2 & 3

Malaria in children

prevention of malaria in children

1

2

diagnostic guidelines

1

2

Rx of uncomplicated malaria

1

3

Rx of cerebral malaria

1

3

Rx of severe anemia 2o malaria

1

-

Pneumonia in children

diagnostic guidelines

1

2

case management guidelines

1

3

Rx of severe pneumonia

1

3

nutritional supplementation

2

-

Diarrhea in children

case management guidelines

2 & 3

3

home management guidelines

2 & 3

3

Rx of severe dehydration

2 & 3

3

nutritional management

3

-

Cholera in children

diagnostic guidelines

-

2

case management guidelines

2

2 & 3

Dysentery in children (shigella)

diagnostic guidelines

2

2

case management guidelines

1

3

Persistent diarrhea

diagnostic guidelines

-

-

case management guidelines

-

-

nutritional management

-

-

Meningitis in children

meningococcal immunization

2

2

diagnostic guidelines

1

2

case management guidelines

1

2

Tuberculosis in children

BCG vaccination

2

2

active case finding guidelines

-

2

diagnostic guidelines

2

2

case management guidelines

2

2

Suggested Citation:"Appendix B Summary of Comprehensive Guidelines." National Research Council. 2006. Child Health in Complex Emergencies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11527.
×

AAP

Sphere

WHO

IMCI

1

1

2

2

2

-

1

2

2

2

1

2

-

1

-

2

-

-

1

1

-

2 & 3

1 & 3

2 & 3

-

-

1

1

-

-

1

-

-

-

1

1

-

-

-

2

-

-

1

2

-

-

1

-

2

-

1

1 & 3

2

-

1

1 & 3

-

-

1

1 & 3

-

-

1

-

2

-

1

-

-

-

2

2

2

-

1

2

-

-

1

2

-

-

1

1

-

-

1

2 & 3

-

-

1

2

2

-

-

-

2

-

1

1

2

-

1

2

2

-

2

2

-

-

2

-

2

-

1

-

-

3

1 & 3

-

Suggested Citation:"Appendix B Summary of Comprehensive Guidelines." National Research Council. 2006. Child Health in Complex Emergencies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11527.
×

Child Health Activity

MSF 5th edition

Oxfam

HIV/AIDS in children

diagnostic guidelines

1

-

disease management

1

-

prophylaxis against opportunistic infection

1

2

nutritional management

2

-

Hepatitis

diagnosis in children

1

-

Anemia

mild anemia

1

2

severe anemia

1

-

Skin diseases of children

skin diseases in general

1

-

lice

1

-

scabies

1

-

Eye diseases of children

eye diseases in general

1

-

conjunctivitis

1

-

Trauma, injuries, and abuse

trauma management guidelines

-

-

burn management guidelines

1

-

child and sexual abuse

2

-

Emergency resuscitation

airway/breathing

-

-

rapid fluid resuscitation

1

3

Mental health

promotion of mental health

1

2

Dx & management in child

-

2

Dx & management in caretaker

1

2

Malnutrition

promotion of infant feeding

2

2

Rx of severe malnutrition

1

2

Rx of micronutrient deficiencies

1

 

   vitamin A deficiency

1

1

   pellagra (niacin deficiency)

1

1

   scurvy (vitamin C deficiency)

2

1

Neonatal health

guidelines on clean/safe delivery

-

-

prevention of neonatal tetanus

-

-

management of asphyxia

-

-

management of prematurity

-

-

management of infection

-

-

Suggested Citation:"Appendix B Summary of Comprehensive Guidelines." National Research Council. 2006. Child Health in Complex Emergencies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11527.
×

AAP

Sphere

WHO

IMCI

-

-

1

-

-

2

1

-

-

-

2 & 3

-

-

-

2

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

1

-

-

1

2

-

-

2

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2

-

-

-

1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2

-

-

-

-

1

-

-

-

1

-

1

2

2

2

1

2

-

-

2

2

2

-

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

2

-

2

1

2

-

2

-

-

-

2

-

-

1

2

-

-

2

-

-

2

-

-

1

-

-

-

2

-

-

-

1

1

Suggested Citation:"Appendix B Summary of Comprehensive Guidelines." National Research Council. 2006. Child Health in Complex Emergencies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11527.
×

Child Health Activity

MSF 5th edition

Oxfam

Public health

promotion of breastfeeding

2

2

routine childhood vaccination

 

2 & 3

vitamin A supplementation

 

2

Surveillance

crude mortality in children

1

1

measles in children

1

2

cholera in children

1

2

Code: 1 = detailed guidelines, 2 = limited or brief guidelines, 3 = refer to other guidelines, - = not addressed.

Sources: MSN 5th edition: Médecins Sans Frontières (2005). Oxfam: Mears and Chowdhury (2001). AAP: Mandalakas, Torjesen, and Olness (1999). Sphere: Sphere Project (2004). WHO: World Health Organization (2000a).

Suggested Citation:"Appendix B Summary of Comprehensive Guidelines." National Research Council. 2006. Child Health in Complex Emergencies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11527.
×

AAP

Sphere

WHO

IMCI

1

1

1

1

1 & 3

3

2

1

2

2

2

1

2

1

2

-

-

2

-

-

-

2

-

-

Suggested Citation:"Appendix B Summary of Comprehensive Guidelines." National Research Council. 2006. Child Health in Complex Emergencies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11527.
×
Page 61
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B Summary of Comprehensive Guidelines." National Research Council. 2006. Child Health in Complex Emergencies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11527.
×
Page 62
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B Summary of Comprehensive Guidelines." National Research Council. 2006. Child Health in Complex Emergencies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11527.
×
Page 63
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B Summary of Comprehensive Guidelines." National Research Council. 2006. Child Health in Complex Emergencies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11527.
×
Page 64
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B Summary of Comprehensive Guidelines." National Research Council. 2006. Child Health in Complex Emergencies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11527.
×
Page 65
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B Summary of Comprehensive Guidelines." National Research Council. 2006. Child Health in Complex Emergencies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11527.
×
Page 66
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B Summary of Comprehensive Guidelines." National Research Council. 2006. Child Health in Complex Emergencies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/11527.
×
Page 67
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Addressing the health needs of children in complex emergencies is critical to the success of relief efforts and requires coordinated and effective interventions. However, little systematic work has been undertaken to evaluate such care. To address this need, this monograph presents a review of the published literature in this area, providing background on the burden of disease, the major causes of morbidity and mortality, and the evidence base for effective interventions. It also describes surveys of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and international agencies providing care to children in complex emergencies, which were conducted to identify guidelines commonly used to provide such care and assesses the content and limitations of these guidelines. A more in-depth survey of several organizations was also conducted to assess obstacles to this kind of care.

On the basis of the survey findings and the review of the published literature, the working group recommended that evidence-based, locally adapted guidelines to address the curative and preventive care of children in complex emergencies and health systems planning should be adopted by ministries of health and supported by the World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF. The guidelines should target, as much as possible, the different levels of health care workers providing care to children to ensure appropriate, effective, and uniform care in a variety of situations.

Child Health in Complex Emergencies presents specific examples of areas for further research and guideline development. This report is not intended to be an exhaustive and definitive assessment of child health in complex emergencies. The topic is much too vast and complex, and different individuals and institutions will have incompatible perspectives. Rather, we aim to provide a starting point for discussion and debate on how to improve the care of children in these settings.

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