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Chapter: Appendix E: Land Imaging Satellites

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Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.

E Land Imaging Satellites The five tables on pages 202-211 are reprinted as received, with permission from Noblis, Inc. ©2007, from “ASPRS Guide to Land Imaging Satellites,” by W.E. Stoney of Mitretek Systems, updated for the NOAA Commercial Remote Sensing Symposium, “Key Trends and Challenges in the Global Marketplace,” Washington, D.C., September 12-14, 2006. See <http://www.asprs.org/news/­ satellites/>. Accessed on October 25, 2007. The two unnumbered graphs on pages 212 and 213 are reprinted as received, with permission from Noblis, Inc. ©2007, from “The Evolving World of Land Imaging Satellites: A GEOSS Opportunity,” by W.E. Stoney of Mitretek Systems, presented to the GEOSS [Global Earth Observation System of Systems] Chal- lenges and Opportunities Session at the IEEE IGARSS [International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium], Barcelona, Spain, September 23, 2007. 201

CURRENT AND PLANNED, 36 M & BETTER, LAND IMAGING SATELLITES 202 SATELLITE COUNTRY LAUNCH PAN RES. M MS RES. M Landsat 5 US 03/01/84 30.0 SPOT-2 France 01/22/90 10.0 20 ERS-2 ESA 04/21/95 30.0 RadarSat 1 Canada 11/04/95 8.5 IRS 1C India 12/28/95 6.0 23 IRS 1D India 09/29/97 6.0 23 SPOT-4 France 03/24/98 10.0 20 Landsat 7 US 04/15/99 15.0 30 IKONOS-2 US 09/24/99 1.0 4 TERRA (ASTER) Japan/US 12/15/99 15, 30, 90 ARIRANG-1 (KOMPSAT-1) Korea 12/20/99 6.6 EO-1 US 11/21/00 10.0 30 EROS A1 Israel 12/05/00 1.8 QuickBird-2 US 10/18/01 0.6 2.5 Proba ESA 10/22/01 8.0 18, 36 ENVISAT ESA 03/01/02 30.0 SPOT-5 France 05/04/02 2.5 10 DMC AlSat-1 (SSTL) Algeria 11/28/02 32 OrbView 3 US 06/26/03 1.0 4 DMC NigeriaSat-1 (SSTL) Nigeria 09/27/03 32 DMC BilSat (SSTL) Turkey 09/27/03 12.0 26 DMC UK (SSTL) UK 09/27/03 32 IRS ResourceSat-1 India 10/17/03 6.0 6, 23, 56 CBERS-2 China/Brazil 10/21/03 20.0 20 FormoSat (RocSat2) Taiwan 04/20/04 2.0 8 ThaiPhat (SSTL) Thailand 12/01/04 36 IRS Cartosat 1 India 05/04/05 2.5 MONITOR-E -1 Russia 08/26/05 8.0 20 Beijing-1 (SSTL) China 10/27/05 4.0 32 TopSat (SSTL) UK 10/27/05 2.5 5 ALOS Japan 01/24/06 2.5 10 ALOS Japan 01/24/06 10.0 EROS B1 Israel 04/25/06 0.7 Resurs DK-1 (01-N5) Russia 06/15/06 1.0 3 Arirang-2 (KOMPSAT-2) Korea 07/28/06 1.0 4 TerraSAR X Germany 10/31/06 1.0 RazakSat* Malyasia 11/01/06 2.5 5 VinSat-1 (SSTL) Vietnam 11/01/06 4.0 32 Sumbandilasat South Africa 12/12/06 6.5 RadarSat 2 Canada 12/15/06 3.0 RISAT India 01/30/07 3.0

ALOS Japan 01/24/06 2.5 10 ALOS Japan 01/24/06 10.0 EROS B1 Israel 04/25/06 0.7 Resurs DK-1 (01-N5) Russia 06/15/06 1.0 3 Arirang-2 (KOMPSAT-2) Korea 07/28/06 1.0 4 TerraSAR X Germany 10/31/06 1.0 RazakSat* Malyasia 11/01/06 2.5 5 VinSat-1 (SSTL) Vietnam 11/01/06 4.0 32 Sumbandilasat South Africa 12/12/06 6.5 RadarSat 2 Canada 12/15/06 3.0 RISAT India 01/30/07 3.0 IRS Cartosat 2 India 03/15/07 1.0 GeoEye-1 US 03/16/07 0.41 1.64 RapidEye-A Germany 06/01/07 6.5 RapidEye-B Germany 06/01/07 6.5 RapidEye-C Germany 06/01/07 6.5 RapidEye-D Germany 06/01/07 6.5 RapidEye-E Germany 06/01/07 6.5 CBERS-2B China/Brazil 06/15/07 20.0 20 THOES Thailand 06/30/07 2.0 15 HJ-1-A China 07/01/07 30, 100H HJ-1-B China 07/01/07 30,150,300 WorldView -1 US 07/01/07 0.5 COSMO-Skymed-1 Italy 11/12/07 1.0 HJ-1-C China 03/01/08 5, 20 EROS C Israel 03/21/08 0.7 2.5 X-Sat Singapore 04/16/08 10 CBERS-3 China/Brazil 05/01/08 5.0 20 COSMO-Skymed-2 Italy 05/01/08 1.0 WorldView -2 US 07/01/08 0.5 1.8 Venus Israel/France 08/01/08 5.3 TerraSAR L Germany 08/15/08 1.0 COSMO-Skymed-3 Italy 11/01/08 1.0 Alsat-2A Algeria 12/01/08 2.5 10 IRS ResourceSat-2 India 12/15/08 6.0 6, 23, 56 Pleiades-1 France 03/01/09 0.7 2.8 COSMO-Skymed-4 Italy 05/01/09 1.0 TanDem-X Germany 06/30/09 1.0 Alsat-2B Algeria 12/01/09 2.5 10 CBERS-4 China/Brazil 07/01/10 5.0 20 Spain Sat Spain 07/01/10 2.5 Pleiades-2 France 09/01/10 0.7 2.8 LDCM US 07/01/11 10.0 30 203 Radar Commercial * Near Equatorial Orbit Revised 9/7/06 7

LAND IMAGING SATELLITES BY COUNTRY 204 SATELLITE COUNTRY LAUNCH PAN RES. M MS RES. M DMC AlSat-1 (SSTL) Algeria 11/28/02 32 Alsat-2A Algeria 12/01/08 2.5 10 Alsat-2B Algeria 12/01/09 2.5 10 RadarSat 1 Canada 11/04/95 8.5 RadarSat 2 Canada 12/15/06 3.0 Beijing-1 (SSTL) China 10/27/05 4.0 32 HJ-1-A China 07/01/07 30, 100H HJ-1-B China 07/01/07 30,150,300 HJ-1-C China 03/01/08 5, 20 CBERS-2 China/Brazil 10/21/03 20.0 20 CBERS-2B China/Brazil 06/15/07 20.0 20 CBERS-3 China/Brazil 05/01/08 5.0 20 CBERS-4 China/Brazil 07/01/10 5.0 20 ERS-2 ESA 04/21/95 30.0 Proba ESA 10/22/01 8.0 18, 36 ENVISAT ESA 03/01/02 30.0 SPOT-2 France 01/22/90 10.0 20 SPOT-4 France 03/24/98 10.0 20 SPOT-5 France 05/04/02 2.5 10 Pleiades-1 France 03/01/09 0.7 2.8 Pleiades-2 France 09/01/10 0.7 2.8 TerraSAR X Germany 10/31/06 1.0 RapidEye-A Germany 06/01/07 6.5 RapidEye-B Germany 06/01/07 6.5 RapidEye-C Germany 06/01/07 6.5 RapidEye-D Germany 06/01/07 6.5 RapidEye-E Germany 06/01/07 6.5 TerraSAR L Germany 08/15/08 1.0 TanDem-X Germany 06/30/09 1.0 IRS 1C India 12/28/95 6.0 23 IRS 1D India 09/29/97 6.0 23 IRS ResourceSat-1 India 10/17/03 6.0 6, 23, 56 IRS Cartosat 1 India 05/04/05 2.5 RISAT India 01/30/07 3.0 IRS Cartosat 2 India 03/15/07 1.0 IRS ResourceSat-2 India 12/15/08 6.0 6, 23, 56 EROS A1 Israel 12/05/00 1.8 EROS B1 Israel 04/25/06 0.7 EROS C Israel 03/21/08 0.7 2.5 Venus Israel/France 08/01/08 5.3

IRS ResourceSat-1 India 10/17/03 6.0 6, 23, 56 IRS Cartosat 1 India 05/04/05 2.5 RISAT India 01/30/07 3.0 IRS Cartosat 2 India 03/15/07 1.0 IRS ResourceSat-2 India 12/15/08 6.0 6, 23, 56 EROS A1 Israel 12/05/00 1.8 EROS B1 Israel 04/25/06 0.7 EROS C Israel 03/21/08 0.7 2.5 Venus Israel/France 08/01/08 5.3 COSMO-Skymed-1 Italy 11/12/07 1.0 COSMO-Skymed-2 Italy 05/01/08 1.0 COSMO-Skymed-3 Italy 11/01/08 1.0 COSMO-Skymed-4 Italy 05/01/09 1.0 ALOS Japan 01/24/06 2.5 10 ALOS Japan 01/24/06 10.0 TERRA (ASTER) Japan/US 12/15/99 15, 30, 90 ARIRANG-1 (KOMPSAT-1) Korea 12/20/99 6.6 Arirang-2 (KOMPSAT-2) Korea 07/28/06 1.0 4 RazakSat* Malyasia 11/01/06 2.5 5 DMC NigeriaSat-1 (SSTL) Nigeria 09/27/03 32 MONITOR-E -1 Russia 08/26/05 8.0 20 Resurs DK-1 (01-N5) Russia 06/15/06 1.0 3 X-Sat Singapore 04/16/08 10 Sumbandilasat South Africa 12/12/06 6.5 Spain Sat Spain 07/01/10 2.5 FormoSat (RocSat2) Taiwan 04/20/04 2.0 8 ThaiPhat (SSTL) Thailand 12/01/04 36 THOES Thailand 06/30/07 2.0 15 DMC BilSat (SSTL) Turkey 09/27/03 12.0 26 DMC UK (SSTL) UK 09/27/03 32 TopSat (SSTL) UK 10/27/05 2.5 5 Landsat 5 US 03/01/84 30.0 Landsat 7 US 04/15/99 15.0 30 IKONOS-2 US 09/24/99 1.0 4 EO-1 US 11/21/00 10.0 30 QuickBird-2 US 10/18/01 0.6 2.5 OrbView 3 US 06/26/03 1.0 4 GeoEye-1 US 03/16/07 0.41 1.64 WorldView -1 US 07/01/07 0.5 WorldView -2 US 07/01/08 0.5 1.8 LDCM US 07/01/11 10.0 30 VinSat-1 (SSTL) Vietnam 11/01/06 4.0 32 205 Radar Commercial * Near Equatorial Orbit Revised 9/7/06 8

OPTICAL LAND IMAGING SATELLITES BY BEST RESOLUTION 206 SATELLITE COUNTRY LAUNCH PAN RES. M MS RES. M SWATH KM VERY HIGH RESOLUTION ( .41 TO 1 METERS) GeoEye-1 US 03/16/07 0.41 1.64 15 WorldView -1 US 07/01/07 0.5 16 WorldView -2 US 07/01/08 0.5 1.8 16 QuickBird-2 US 10/18/01 0.6 2.5 16 EROS B1 Israel 04/25/06 0.7 7 EROS C Israel 03/21/08 0.7 2.5 16 Pleiades-1 France 07/01/08 0.7 2.8 20 Pleiades-2 France 07/01/09 0.7 2.8 20 IKONOS-2 US 09/24/99 1.0 4 11 OrbView 3 US 06/26/03 1.0 4 8 Resurs DK-1 (01-N5) Russia 06/15/06 1.0 3 28 KOMPSAT-2 Korea 07/28/06 1.0 4 15 IRS Cartosat 2 India 08/15/06 1.0 10 HIGH RESOLUTION (1.8 TO 2.5 METERS) EROS A1 Israel 12/05/00 1.8 14 FormoSat (RocSat2) Taiwan 04/20/04 2.0 8 24 THOES Thailand 06/30/07 2.0 15 22, 90 SPOT-5 France 05/04/02 2.5 10 120 IRS Cartosat 1 India 05/04/05 2.5 30 TopSat (SSTL) UK 10/27/05 2.5 5 10, 15 ALOS Japan 01/24/06 2.5 10 35, 70 RazakSat* Malyasia 11/01/06 2.5 5 ? Spain Sat Spain 07/01/10 2.5 ? HIGH MEDIUM RESOLUTION (4 TO 8 METERS) Beijing-1 (SSTL) China 10/27/05 4.0 32 600 VinSat-1 (SSTL) Vietnam 11/01/06 4.0 32 600 MTI US 03/12/00 5, 20 12 CBERS-3 China/Brazil 05/01/08 5.0 20 60, 120 CBERS-4 China/Brazil 07/01/10 5.0 20 60, 120 IRS 1C India 12/28/95 6.0 23 70, 142 IRS 1D India 09/29/97 6.0 23 70, 142 IRS ResourceSat-1 India 10/17/03 6.0 6, 23, 56 24, 140,740 IRS ResourceSat-2 India 12/15/06 6.0 6, 23, 56 24, 140, 740

Spain Sat Spain 07/01/10 2.5 ? HIGH MEDIUM RESOLUTION (4 TO 8 METERS) Beijing-1 (SSTL) China 10/27/05 4.0 32 600 VinSat-1 (SSTL) Vietnam 11/01/06 4.0 32 600 MTI US 03/12/00 5, 20 12 CBERS-3 China/Brazil 05/01/08 5.0 20 60, 120 CBERS-4 China/Brazil 07/01/10 5.0 20 60, 120 IRS 1C India 12/28/95 6.0 23 70, 142 IRS 1D India 09/29/97 6.0 23 70, 142 IRS ResourceSat-1 India 10/17/03 6.0 6, 23, 56 24, 140,740 IRS ResourceSat-2 India 12/15/06 6.0 6, 23, 56 24, 140, 740 RapidEye-A,B,C,D,E Germany 06/01/07 6.5 78 KOMPSAT-1 Korea 12/20/99 6.6 17 R26m South Africa 09/01/06 7.5 ? Proba ESA 10/22/01 8.0 18, 36 14 MONITOR-E -1 Russia 08/26/05 8.0 20 94, 160 MEDIUM RESOLUTION (10 TO 20 METERS) SPOT-2 France 01/22/90 10.0 20 120 SPOT-4 France 03/24/98 10.0 20 120 EO-1 US 11/21/00 10.0 30 37 X-Sat Singapore 04/16/08 10 50 LDCM US 07/01/11 10.0 30 177 DMC BilSat (SSTL) Turkey 09/27/03 12.0 26 24, 52 Landsat 7 US 04/15/99 15.0 30 185 TERRA (ASTER) Japan/US 12/15/99 15, 30, 90 60 CBERS-2 China/Brazil 10/21/03 20.0 20 113 CBERS-2B China/Brazil 06/15/07 20.0 20 113 LOW MEDIUM RESOLUTION (30 TO 56 METERS) Landsat 5 US 03/01/84 30 185 DMC AlSat-1 (SSTL) Algeria 11/28/02 32 600 ThaiPhat (SSTL) Thailand 12/01/04 36 600 DMC NigeriaSat-1 (SSTL) Nigeria 09/27/03 32 600 DMC UK (SSTL) UK 09/27/03 32 600 IRS ResourceSat-1 AWIFS India 10/17/03 56 740 IRS ResourceSat-2 AWIFS India 12/15/06 56 740 Commercial * Near Equatorial Orbit Revised 7/6/06 207 9

OPTICAL LAND IMAGING SATELLITES BY MS RESOLUTION 208 SATELLITE COUNTRY LAUNCH PAN RES. M MS RES. M SWATH KM HIGH RESOLUTION (1.64 TO 3 METERS) GeoEye-1 US 03/16/07 0.41 1.64 15 WorldView -2 US 07/01/08 0.5 1.8 16 QuickBird-2 US 10/18/01 0.6 2.5 16 EROS C Israel 03/21/08 0.7 2.5 16 Pleiades-1 France 07/01/08 0.7 2.8 20 Pleiades-2 France 07/01/09 0.7 2.8 20 Resurs DK-1 (01-N5) Russia 06/15/06 1.0 3 28 HIGH MEDIUM RESOLUTION (4 TO 8 METERS) IKONOS-2 US 09/24/99 1.0 4 11 OrbView 3 US 06/26/03 1.0 4 8 KOMPSAT-2 Korea 07/28/06 1.0 4 15 TopSat (SSTL) UK 10/27/05 2.5 5 10, 15 RazakSat* Malyasia 11/01/06 2.5 5 ? MTI VNIR US 03/12/00 5 12 IRS ResourceSat-1 LISS-IV India 10/17/03 6.0 6 24 IRS ResourceSat-2 LISS-IV India 12/15/06 6.0 6 24 RapidEye-A,B,C,D,E Germany 06/01/07 6.5 78 R26m South Africa 09/01/06 7.5 ? FormoSat (RocSat2) Taiwan 04/20/04 2.0 8 24 MEDIUM RESOLUTION (10 TO 26 METERS) SPOT-5 France 05/04/02 2.5 10 120 ALOS Japan 01/24/06 2.5 10 35, 70 X-Sat Singapore 04/16/08 10 50 THOES Thailand 06/30/07 2.0 15 22, 90 TERRA (ASTER VNIR) Japan/US 12/15/99 15 60 Proba ESA 10/22/01 8.0 18 14 CBERS-3 China/Brazil 05/01/08 5.0 20 60, 120 CBERS-4 China/Brazil 07/01/10 5.0 20 60, 120 MONITOR-E -1 Russia 08/26/05 8.0 20 94, 160 SPOT-2 France 01/22/90 10.0 20 120

SPOT-5 France 05/04/02 2.5 10 120 ALOS Japan 01/24/06 2.5 10 35, 70 X-Sat Singapore 04/16/08 10 50 THOES Thailand 06/30/07 2.0 15 22, 90 TERRA (ASTER VNIR) Japan/US 12/15/99 15 60 Proba ESA 10/22/01 8.0 18 14 CBERS-3 China/Brazil 05/01/08 5.0 20 60, 120 CBERS-4 China/Brazil 07/01/10 5.0 20 60, 120 MONITOR-E -1 Russia 08/26/05 8.0 20 94, 160 SPOT-2 France 01/22/90 10.0 20 120 SPOT-4 France 03/24/98 10.0 20 120 CBERS-2 China/Brazil 10/21/03 20.0 20 113 CBERS-2B China/Brazil 06/15/07 20.0 20 113 MTI VNIR TO TIR US 03/12/00 20 12 IRS 1C India 12/28/95 6.0 23 70, 142 IRS 1D India 09/29/97 6.0 23 70, 142 IRS ResourceSat-1 LISS-III+ India 10/17/03 23 140 IRS ResourceSat-2 LISS-III+ India 12/15/06 23 140 DMC BilSat (SSTL) Turkey 09/27/03 12.0 26 24, 52 LOW MEDIUM RESOLUTION (30 T0 56 METERS) EO-1 US 11/21/00 10.0 30 37 LDCM US 07/01/11 10.0 30 177 Landsat 7 US 04/15/99 15.0 30 185 Landsat 5 US 03/01/84 30 185 TERRA (ASTER SWIR) Japan/US 12/15/99 30 60 Beijing-1 (SSTL) China 10/27/05 4.0 32 600 VinSat-1 (SSTL) Vietnam 11/01/06 4.0 32 600 DMC AlSat-1 (SSTL) Algeria 11/28/02 32 600 DMC NigeriaSat-1 (SSTL) Nigeria 09/27/03 32 600 DMC UK (SSTL) UK 09/27/03 32 600 ThaiPhat (SSTL) Thailand 12/01/04 36 600 IRS ResourceSat-1 AWIFS India 10/17/03 56 740 IRS ResourceSat-2 AWIFS India 12/15/06 56 740 Radar Commercial 10 * Near Equatorial Orbit Revised 7/6/06 209

OPTICAL LAND IMAGING SATELLITES BY SWATH 210 LIMITED ANNUAL TOTAL GLOBAL COVERAGE CAPABILITY SATELLITE COUNTRY LAUNCH PAN RES. M MS RES. M SWATH KM EROS B1 Israel 04/25/06 0.7 7 OrbView 3 US 06/26/03 1.0 4 8 IRS Cartosat 2 India 08/15/06 1.0 10 TopSat (SSTL) PAN UK 10/27/05 2.5 10 IKONOS-2 US 09/24/99 1.0 4 11 MTI US 03/12/00 5, 20 12 EROS A1 Israel 12/05/00 1.8 14 Proba ESA 10/22/01 8.0 18, 36 14 KOMPSAT-2 Korea 07/28/06 1.0 4 15 TopSat (SSTL) MS UK 10/27/05 5 15 GeoEye-1 US 03/16/07 0.41 1.64 15 WorldView -1 US 07/01/07 0.5 16 WorldView -2 US 07/01/08 0.5 1.8 16 QuickBird-2 US 10/18/01 0.6 2.5 16 EROS C Israel 03/21/08 0.7 2.5 16 KOMPSAT-1 Korea 12/20/99 6.6 17 Pleiades-1 France 07/01/08 0.7 2.8 20 Pleiades-2 France 07/01/09 0.7 2.8 20 THOES PAN Thailand 06/30/07 2.0 22 IRS ResourceSat-1 LISS-IV India 10/17/03 6.0 24 IRS ResourceSat-2 LISS-IV India 12/15/08 6.0 24 FormoSat (RocSat2) Taiwan 04/20/04 2.0 8 24 DMC BilSat (SSTL) PAN Turkey 09/27/03 12.0 24 Resurs DK-1 (01-N5) Russia 06/15/06 1.0 3 28 IRS Cartosat 1 India 05/04/05 2.5 30 ALOS PAN Japan 01/24/06 2.5 35 EO-1 US 11/21/00 10.0 30 37 X-Sat Singapore 04/16/08 10 50 DMC BilSat (SSTL) MS Turkey 09/27/03 26 52 CBERS-3 PAN China/Brazil 05/01/08 5.0 60 CBERS-4 PAN China/Brazil 07/01/10 5.0 60 TERRA (ASTER) Japan/US 12/15/99 15, 30, 90 60 IRS ResourceSat-1 LISS-IV India 10/17/03 6.0 70 IRS ResourceSat-2 LISS-IV India 12/15/08 6.0 70 ALOS MS Japan 01/24/06 10 70 IRS 1C PAN India 12/28/95 6.0 70 IRS 1D PAN India 09/29/97 6.0 70

EO-1 US 11/21/00 10.0 30 37 X-Sat Singapore 04/16/08 10 50 DMC BilSat (SSTL) MS Turkey 09/27/03 26 52 CBERS-3 PAN China/Brazil 05/01/08 5.0 60 CBERS-4 PAN China/Brazil 07/01/10 5.0 60 TERRA (ASTER) Japan/US 12/15/99 15, 30, 90 60 IRS ResourceSat-1 LISS-IV India 10/17/03 6.0 70 IRS ResourceSat-2 LISS-IV India 12/15/08 6.0 70 ALOS MS Japan 01/24/06 10 70 IRS 1C PAN India 12/28/95 6.0 70 IRS 1D PAN India 09/29/97 6.0 70 THOES MS Thailand 06/30/07 15 90 MONITOR-E -1 PAN Russia 08/26/05 8.0 94 POTENTIAL FOR MULTIPLE MS CLOUD-FREE GLOBAL DATA SETS PER YEAR CBERS-2 China/Brazil 10/21/03 20.0 20 113 CBERS-2B China/Brazil 06/15/07 20.0 20 113 SPOT-5 France 05/04/02 2.5 10 120 CBERS-3 MS China/Brazil 05/01/08 20 120 CBERS-4 MS China/Brazil 07/01/10 20 120 SPOT-2 France 01/22/90 10.0 20 120 SPOT-4 France 03/24/98 10.0 20 120 IRS ResourceSat-1 LISS-III+ India 10/17/03 23 140 IRS ResourceSat-2 LISS-III+ India 12/15/08 23 140 IRS 1C MS India 12/28/95 23 142 IRS 1D MS India 09/29/97 23 142 MONITOR-E -1 MS Russia 08/26/05 20 160 LDCM US 07/01/11 10.0 30 177 Landsat 7 US 04/15/99 15.0 30 185 Landsat 5 US 03/01/84 30 185 RapidEye-A,B,C,D,E Germany 06/01/07 6.5 390 Beijing-1 (SSTL) China 10/27/05 4.0 32 600 VinSat-1 (SSTL) Vietnam 11/01/06 4.0 32 600 DMC AlSat-1 (SSTL) Algeria 11/28/02 32 600 ThaiPhat (SSTL) Thailand 12/01/04 36 600 DMC NigeriaSat-1 (SSTL) Nigeria 09/27/03 32 600 DMC UK (SSTL) UK 09/27/03 32 600 IRS ResourceSat-1 AWIFS India 10/17/03 56 740 IRS ResourceSat-2 AWIFS India 12/15/08 56 740 Radar Commercial * Near Equatorial Orbit Revised 7/6/06 211 11

212 MARITIME SECURITY PARTNERSHIPS NUMBER OF OPTICAL SATELLITES IN ORBIT AT YEAR'S END 45 Malyasia Spain 40 S Africa Singapore 35 Thailand ESA 30 Taiwan Russia 25 Japan Algeria Korea 20 Israel Germany 15 France India 10 China & China/Brazil SSTL (Algeria, Nigeria, China, Spain, Turkey, UK) 5 US Com. US Gov. 0 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 YEAR SOURCE: William E. Stoney, Mitretek Systems. 2007. “The Evolving World of Land Imaging Satellites: A GEOSS Opportunity,” presented to the GEOSS [Global Earth Observation System of Systems] Challenges and Opportunities Session at the IEEE IGARSS [International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium], Barcelona, Spain, September 23. Noblis, Inc. ©2007. Reprinted with permission. Figure E-6, editable, color R01141

APPENDIX E 213 NUMBER OF RADAR SATELLITES IN ORBIT AT YEAR'S END 25 S Korea India 20 Japan Argentina 15 China 10 Germany Italy 5 ESA 0 Canada 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 YEAR SOURCE: William E. Stoney, Mitretek Systems. 2007. “The Evolving World of Land Imaging Satellites: A GEOSS Opportunity,” presented to the GEOSS [Global Earth Observation System of Systems] Challenges and Opportunities Session at the IEEE IGARSS [International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium], Barcelona, Spain, September 23. Noblis, Inc. ©2007. Reprinted with permission. Figure E-7, editable, color R01141

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To offer security in the maritime domain, governments around the world need the capabilities to directly confront common threats like piracy, drug-trafficking, and illegal immigration. No single navy or nation can do this alone.

Recognizing this new international security landscape, the former Chief of Naval Operations called for a collaborative international approach to maritime security, initially branded the "1,000-ship Navy." This concept envisions U.S. naval forces partnering with multinational, federal, state, local and private sector entities to ensure freedom of navigation, the flow of commerce, and the protection of ocean resources.

This new book from the National Research Council examines the technical and operational implications of the "1,000-ship Navy," as they apply to four levels of cooperative efforts:

  1. U.S. Navy, Coast Guard, and merchant shipping only;
  2. U.S. naval and maritime assets with others in treaty alliances or analogous arrangements;
  3. U.S. naval and maritime assets with ad hoc coalitions; and
  4. U.S. naval and maritime assets with others than above who may now be friendly but could potentially be hostile, for special purposes such as deterrence of piracy or other criminal activity.

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