AAS | American Astronomical Society |
ACE | Advanced Composition Explorer |
ACR | anomalous cosmic ray |
AFOSR | Air Force Office of Scientific Research |
AFRL | Air Force Research Laboratory |
AFWA | Air Force Weather Agency |
AGS | Atmospheric and Geospace Sciences Division |
AGU | American Geophysical Union |
AIA | Atmospheric Imaging Assembly |
AIM | atmosphere-ionosphere-magnetosphere (system); Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere |
(mission) | |
AIMI | atmosphere-ionosphere-magnetosphere interactions |
AIP | American Institute of Physics |
AMISR | Advanced Modular Incoherent Scatter Radar |
AMPERE | Active Magnetosphere and Planetary Electrodynamics Response Experiment |
AMPTE | Active Magnetospheric Particle Tracer Explorers |
AO | Announcement of Opportunity |
APS | American Physical Society; active pixel sensor |
AST | Division of Astronomical Sciences |
ATST | Advanced Technology Solar Telescope |
AU | astronomical unit |
AURA | Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy |
AXAF | Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility |
BARREL | Balloon Array for RBSP Relativistic Electron Losses |
BBSO | Big Bear Solar Observatory |
CADRE | CubeSat Investigating Atmospheric Density Response to Extreme Driving |
CAREER | Faculty Early Career Development |
CASSIOPE | Cascade, Small Satellite, and Ionospheric Polar Explorer |
CATE | cost and technical evaluation |
CAWSES | Climate and Weather of the Sun-Earth System |
CCD | charge-coupled device |
CCE | Charge Composition Explorer |
CCMC | Community Coordinated Modeling Center |
CDC | Concept Design Center |
CEDAR | Coupling, Energetics, and Dynamics of Atmospheric Regions |
CHAMP | Challenging Mini-Satellite Payload |
CINDI | Coupled Ion Neutral Dynamic Investigation |
CINEMA | CubeSat for Ions, Neutrals, Electrons, Magnetic Fields |
CIR | corotating interaction region |
CISM | Center for Integrated Space Weather Modeling |
CME | coronal mass ejection |
CMOS | Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor |
C/No | carrier signal-to-noise strength |
C/NOFS | Communications/Navigation Outage Forecasting System |
COBE | Cosmic Background Explorer |
CoBRA | Complexity Based Risk Assessment |
COSMIC | Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate |
COSMO | Coronal Solar Magnetism Observatory |
COTS | commercial off-the-shelf |
CPU | central processing unit |
CRRES | Combined Release and Radiation Effects Satellite |
CSSWE | Colorado Student Space Weather Experiment |
DASI | distributed array of small instruments |
DC | direct current |
DICE | Dynamic Ionosphere Cubesat Experiment |
DLR | German Aerospace Center |
DMSP | Defense Meteorological Satellites Program |
DOD | Department of Defense |
DOE | Department of Energy |
DRIVE | Diversify, Realize, Integrate, Venture, Educate |
DSCOVR | Deep Space Climate Observatory |
DYNAMIC | Dynamical Neutral Atmosphere-Ionosphere Coupling (mission) |
EASCO | Earth-Affecting Solar Causes Observatory |
ECT | Energetic Particle, Composition, and Thermal Plasma Suite |
EIA | equatorial ionization anomaly |
EISCAT | European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association |
ELaNa | Educational Launch of Nanosatellites |
ENA | energetic neutral atom |
ENASI | Energetic Neutral Atom Spectroscopic Imager |
EPO | education and public outreach |
e-POP | Enhanced Polar Outflow Probe |
EPP | energetic particle precipitation |
ESA | European Space Agency |
ESCAPE | Energetics, Sources and Couplings of Atmosphere-Plasma Escape |
ETA | equatorial temperature anomaly |
EUV | extreme ultraviolet |
EUVI | extreme ultraviolet imager |
EVE | Extreme Ultraviolet Variability Experiment |
FAA | Federal Aviation Administration |
FASR | Frequency-Agile Solar Radiotelescope |
FAST | Fast Aurora Snapshot |
FDSS | Faculty Development in Space Science |
FIREBIRD | Focused Investigations of Relativistic Electron Burst Intensity, Range, and Dynamics |
FOXSI | Focusing Optics X-ray Spectroscopic Imager |
FUV | far ultraviolet |
FWHM | full-width, half-maximum |
FY | fiscal year |
GCR | galactic cosmic ray |
GDC | Geospace Dynamics Constellation |
GEM | Geospace Environment Modeling |
GEO | geostationary Earth orbit |
GI | guest investigator |
GIC | geomagnetically induced current; ground-induced current |
GNSS | Global Navigation Satellite Systems |
GOCE | Gravity Field and Steady-State Ocean Circulation Explorer |
GOES | Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite |
GONG | Global Oscillation Network Group |
GPS | Global Positioning System |
GRACE | Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment |
GRIPS | Gamma-Ray Imager/Polarimeter for Solar Flares |
GRIS | Gamma-Ray Imaging Spectrometer |
GSFC | Goddard Space Flight Center |
GSRP | Graduate Student Research Program |
GUVI | Global Ultraviolet Imager |
GW | gravity waves |
HAARP | High Frequency Active Auroral Research Program |
HAO | High Altitude Observatory |
HEAO | High Energy Astronomy Observatory |
HEIDI | High Energy Imaging Device |
HEO | high Earth orbit (above GEO) |
HF | high frequency |
HI | Heliospheric Imager |
HIREGS | High Resolution Gamma-Ray and Hard X-Ray Spectrometer |
HITDP | Heliophysics Instrument and Technology Development Program |
HPDE | Heliophysics Data Environment |
HSC | heliophysics science center |
HSO | Heliophysics Systems Observatory |
HSS | high-speed solar wind streams |
HSW | halo solar wind |
HTP | Heliophysics Theory Program |
HXR | hard X-ray |
IBEX | Interstellar Boundary Explorer |
IGS | International GNSS Service |
IGY | International Geophysical Year |
IHY | International Heliophysical Year |
IKAROS | Interplanetary Kite-craft Accelerated by Radiation of the Sun |
IMAGE | Imager for Magnetopause-to-Aurora Global Exploration |
IMAP | Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe |
IMF | interplanetary magnetic field |
IMP | Interplanetary Monitoring Platform |
IMPACT | In Situ Measurements of Particles and CME Transients |
INCA | Imaging Neutral Atom Camera |
INMS | Ion Neutral Mass Spectrograph |
IR | infrared |
IRIS | Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph |
ISCCP | International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project |
ISEE | International Sun-Earth Explorer |
ISI | Institute for Scientific Information |
ISM | interstellar medium |
ISMF | interstellar magnetic field |
ISOON | Improved Solar Observing Optical Network |
ISR | incoherent scatter radar |
ISS | International Space Station |
IT | ionosphere-thermosphere |
ITAR | International Traffic in Arms Regulations |
ITM | ionosphere-thermosphere-mesosphere |
IVM | Ion Velocity Meter |
JAXA | Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency |
JPL | Jet Propulsion Laboratory |
L1 | Sun-Earth Lagrangian Point 1 |
L5 | Sun-Earth Lagrangian Point 5 |
LANL | Los Alamos National Laboratory |
LBH | Lyman-Birge-Hopfield |
LCAS | Low-Cost Access to Space |
LECP | low-energy charged-particle |
LEO | low Earth orbit |
LET | Low Energy Telescope |
LISM | Local Interstellar Medium |
LPV | Localizer Performance with Vertical Guidance |
LT | local time |
LWS | Living With a Star |
MAC | Magnetospheric-Atmosphere Coupling (mission) |
MagCat | Magnetospheric Constellation and Tomography (mission) |
MagCon | Magnetospheric Constellation (mission) |
MEDICI | Magnetosphere Energetics, Dynamics, and Ionospheric Coupling Investigation |
MEMS | microelectromechanical system |
MESSENGER | Mercury Surface, Space Environment, Geochemistry, and Ranging |
MHD | magnetohydrodynamic |
MI | magnetosphere-ionosphere |
MIDEX | Mid-size Explorer |
MISTE | Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Source Term Energetics (mission) |
MIT | magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere |
MLSO | Mauna Loa Solar Observatory |
MLT | mesosphere and lower thermosphere |
MMS | Magnetospheric Multiscale (mission) |
MO&DA | mission operations and data analysis |
MODIS | Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer |
MPS | Mathematical and Physical Sciences |
MREFC | Major Research Equipment and Facilities Construction (program) |
MRF | Medium-Scale Research Facility |
MSO | Mees Solar Observatory |
MWO | Mt. Wilson Observatory |
NASA | National Aeronautics and Space Administration |
NCAR | National Center for Atmospheric Research |
NESDIS | National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service |
NESSF | NASA’s Earth and Space Science Fellowship (program) |
NGDC | National Geophysical Data Center |
NIST | National Institute of Standards and Technology |
NJIT | New Jersey Institute of Technology |
NOAA | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |
NRC | National Research Council |
NSF | National Science Foundation |
NSO | National Solar Observatory |
NST | New Solar Telescope |
NSWP | National Space Weather Program |
NuSTAR | Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array |
NWM | Neutral Wind Meter |
NWS | National Weather Service |
OCT | Office of the Chief Technologist |
OEDG | Opportunities for Enhancing Diversity in the Geosciences (program) |
ORBITALS | Outer Radiation Belt Injection, Transport, Acceleration and Loss Satellite |
OVSA | Owens Valley Solar Array |
PARS | Polar Aeronomy and Radio Science |
PFISR | Poker Flat Incoherent Scatter Radar |
PI | principal investigator |
POES | Polar Operational Environmental Satellite |
P-POD | Poly Picosatellite Orbital Deployer |
PUI | pickup ion |
PW | planetary waves |
QBO | quasi-biennial oscillation |
RE | Earth radius |
RS | Sun radius |
R&A | research and analysis |
RAX | Radio Aurora Explorer |
RBSP | Radiation Belt Storm Probe; renamed Van Allen Probes |
REPT | Relativistic Electron-Proton Telescope |
REU | Research Experiences for Undergraduates |
RFI | request for information |
RHESSI | Ramaty High-Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager |
RISR | Resolute Bay Incoherent Scatter Radar |
ROSES | Research Opportunities in Space and Earth Sciences |
RPA | Ion Retarding Potential Analyzer |
SABER | Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry |
SALMON | Stand Alone Missions of Opportunities Notice |
SAMPEX | Solar Anomalous and Magnetospheric Particle Explorer |
SAPS | subauroral polarization streams |
SCOSTEP | Scientific Committee on Solar-Terrestrial Physics |
SDO | Solar Dynamics Observatory |
SEE | Solar Eruptive Events (mission) |
SEP | solar energetic particle |
SFO | San Fernando Observatory |
SHINE | Solar, Heliosphere and Interplanetary Environment |
SHP | solar and heliospheric physics |
SKR | Saturnian Kilometric Radio |
SM | servicing mission |
SMD | Science Mission Directorate |
SMEI | Solar Mass Ejection Imager |
SMEX | Small Explorer |
SNOE | Student Nitric Oxide Explorer |
SNR | signal-to-noise ratio |
SO | Solar Orbiter |
SOHO | Solar and Heliospheric Observatory |
SOLIS | Synoptic Optical Long-term Investigations of the Sun |
SOON | Solar Observing Optical Network |
SORCE | Solar Radiation and Climate Experiment |
SPA | Space Physics and Aeronomy |
SPARC | Stratospheric Processes and Their Role in Climate |
SPASE | Space Physics Archive Search and Extract |
SPD | Solar Physics Division |
SPI | Solar Polar Imager |
SPP | Solar Probe Plus |
SRAG | Space Radiation Analysis Group |
SRP | solar radiation pressure |
SR&T | supporting research and technology |
SSP | solar sail propulsion |
SSPIS | Solar and Space Physics Information System |
STE | suprathermal electron |
STEM | science, technology, engineering, and mathematics |
STEREO | Solar-Terrestrial Relations Observatory |
STP | Solar-Terrestrial Probes (program) |
SuperDARN | Super Dual Auroral Radar Network |
SUVIT | Solar UV-Visible-IR Telescope |
SWaC | space weather and climatology |
SWAP | space, weight, and power |
SWICS | Solar Wind Ion Composition Spectrometer |
SWL | Space Weather Laboratory |
SWMI | solar wind-magnetosphere interactions |
SWPC | Space Weather Prediction Center |
SXT | Soft X-Ray Telescope |
TDRSS | Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System |
TEC | total electron content |
TEX | tiny Explorers |
THEMIS | Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms |
TIM | Total Irradiance Monitor |
TIMED | Thermosphere-Ionosphere-Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics |
TR&T | Targeted Research and Technology |
TRACE | Transition Region and Coronal Explorer |
TRL | technology readiness level |
TS | termination shock |
TSI | total solar irradiance |
TWINS | Two Wide-Angle Imaging Neutral-Atom Spectrometers |
UARS | Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite |
UHURU | Small Astronomical Satellite 1, Swahili for Freedom |
ULDB | Ultra Long Duration Balloon |
USAF | U.S. Air Force |
USGS | U.S. Geological Survey |
USML | U.S. Munitions List |
UT | universal time |
UV | ultraviolet |
UVCS | Ultraviolet Coronagraph Spectrometer |
V1 | Voyager 1 |
V2 | Voyager 2 |
VxO | (domain-specific) virtual observatory |
WAAS | Wide Area Augmentation System |
WACCM | Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model |
WBS | work breakdown structure |
WHI | Whole Heliosphere Interval |
WLC | White Light Coronagraph |
WPI | wave-particle interaction |
WSA-Enlil | Wang-Sheely-Arge-Enlil |
WSO | Wilcox Solar Observatory |