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Page 242
Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2011. Wayfinding and Signing Guidelines for Airport Terminals and Landside. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13640.
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Page 242
Page 243
Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2011. Wayfinding and Signing Guidelines for Airport Terminals and Landside. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13640.
×
Page 243
Page 244
Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2011. Wayfinding and Signing Guidelines for Airport Terminals and Landside. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13640.
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Page 244

Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.

242 1. A. Churchill et al./Journal of Air Transport Management 14 (2008) 151–158. 2. Andre, A. D. Human Orientation and Wayfinding in Airport Passenger Terminals. Transportation Research Record, No. 1298, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 1991. 3. O’Neill, Michael J. Effects of Signage and Floor Plan Configuration on Wayfinding Accuracy. Environment and Behavior, Vol. 23, No. 5, 1991, 553–574. 4. Fewings, Rodney. Wayfinding and Airport Terminal Design. Journal of Navigation, Vol. 54, No. 2, 2001. 5. Braaksma, J. P., and W. J. Cook. Human Orientation in Transportation Terminals. Journal of Transportation Engineering, Vol. 106, No. 2, 1980, pp. 189–203. 6. Alexander, G. J., and Lunenfeld H. Positive Guidance in Traffic Control. Federal Highway Administration, Washington, DC, April 1975. 7. US Department of Transportation; Federal Highway Administration, Official MUTCD Interpretations Issued by FHWA, http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/interpretations/index.htm 8. US Department of Transportation; Federal Highway Administration, Official MUTCD Experimentation Process, http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/condexper.htm 9. Hawkins Jr., H. G., A. Stoddard, K. Collins, and C. Weatherby. Identification and Evaluation of Guide Signing for Airport Roadways with Specific Application to the Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport. Texas Trans- portation Institute. Report No. SWUTC/98/467406-1, 1998. Available at http://swutc.tamu.edu/publications/ technicalreports/467406-1.pdf. 10. Wayfinding and Signage Master Plan, Norman Y. Mineta San Jose International Airport, 2004 11. Guide Signs, Part III: List of Control Cities for Use in Guide Signs on Interstate Highways. American Associ- ation of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Washington, DC, 2001 12. US Department of Transportation; Federal Highway Administration, Interpretation Letter 2-564(I)- Orientation of Airport Symbol, May 2005, http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/interpretations/2_564.htm 13. McNees, R. W. (1982) In situ study determining lane-maneuvering distance for three- and four-lane free- ways for various traffic-volume conditions. Transportation Research Record, 869, 37–43 14. American Association of State Highway Transportation Officials (AASHTO) A Guide to Small Sign Support Hardware, Single User Digital Publication, 1998. https://bookstore.transportation.org/item_details.aspx? ID=1148 15. American Association of State Highway Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Standard Specifications for Structural Supports for Highway Signs, Luminaires and Traffic Signals, 5th Edition, 2009, https://book- store.transportation.org/item_details.aspx?ID=1319 16. US Department of Transportation; Federal Highway Administration, Roadside Hardware Policy and Guidance http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/roadway_dept/policy_guide/road_hardware/breakaway/signsupports.cfm 17. American Association of State Highway Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Roadside Design Guide, 3rd Edition, 2006, https://bookstore.transportation.org/item_details.aspx?ID=148 18. Crashworthy Work Zone Traffic Control Devices: http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/roadway_dept/policy_guide/ road_hardware/wzd/ 19. Crashworthy Approval Process http://www.workzonesafety.org/safety_products/nchrp_350_approval 20. IES RP-19-01 Illuminating Engineering Society, Roadway Sign Lighting, March 3, 2001, ISBN: 0879951753. Available at www.ies.org 21. Sign Retroreflectivity Toolkit, FHWA Publication Number FHWA-CFL-TD-09-005 http://safety.fhwa.dot. gov/roadway_dept/night_visib/retrotoolkit/ 22. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. 2005. Roadway Lighting Design Guide. Washington, DC: American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials References

References 243 23. Hildebrand ED. 2003. Reductions in traffic sign retroreflectivity caused by frost and dew. Transportation Research Record (1844): 79–85. Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC 24. Paniati, Jeffrey. Use of Changeable Message Sign (CMS) for Emergency Security Messages. Policy Memorandum dated March 21, 2003. Available at: http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/legsregs/directives/policy/securmemo.htm. Accessed July 31, 2009. 25. Dudek, Conrad L. and Gerald L. Ullman. Dynamic Message Sign Message Design and Display Manual. Research Report FHWA/TX-04/0-4023-P3. Texas Transportation Institute, The Texas A&M University System, College Station, Texas, April 2006. 26. Portable Changeable Message Sign Handbook. Report No. FHWA-RD-03-066. Federal Highway Administra- tion, U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington, D.C. Available at http://www.tfhrc.gov/pavement/ ltpp/reports/03066/index.htm. Accessed on December 8, 2009. 27. Dudek, Conrad L. Guidelines on the Use and Operation of Changeable Message Signs. Research Report FHWA/TX-92/1232-9. Texas Transportation Institute, The Texas A&M University System, College Station, Texas. November 1992. 28. Ullman, Gerald L., Brooke R. Ullman, Conrad L. Dudek, Nada D. Trout. Legibility Distances of Smaller Char- acter Light-Emitting Diode (LED) Dynamic Message Signs for Arterial Roadways. Research Report 404940-1. Texas Transportation Institute, The Texas A&M University System, College Station, Texas, July 2004. 29. Hawkins, H. G., A, Stoddard, K. Collins and C. Weatherby. Identification and Evaluation of Guide Signing for Airport Roadways with Specific Application to the Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport, Southwest University Transportation Center Report 467406-1, July, 1998, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, http://swutc.tamu.edu/publications/technicalreports/467406-1.pdf 30. Boston Logan International Airport Signage Standards and Guidelines, Vol. 3—Parking, August 2005. 31. Monahan, “Parking Structure Signing and Graphics.” The Parking Professional, April 1990. 32. The Dimensions of Parking, Urban Land Institute/National Parking Association, 2000. 33. Improving Pedestrian Safety at Unsignalized Crossings (NCHRP 5325), Fitzpatrick, et al., Transportation Research Board. Washington, DC, 2006. 34. “Airport Ground Access Planning Guide”, U.S. Department of Transportation, Research and Innovative Tech- nology Administration, 1995. http://ntl.bts.gov/DOCS/AGAPP.html 35. Boston Logan International Airport Signage Standards and Guidelines, Vol. 3—Parking, August 2005. 36. Apple Designs, Inc. Guidelines for Airport Signing and Graphics: Terminals and Landside, 3rd Edition, 2001. http://www.appledesigns.net/articles/Publication-03/guidelines-index.pdf 37. USDOT Symbols and Signs, American Institute of Graphic Arts, New York, 1974. http://www.aiga.org/content. cfm/symbol-signs 38. Improving Pedestrian Safety at Unsignalized Crossings (NCHRP 5325), Fitzpatrick, et al., Transportation Research Board. Washington, DC, 2006. 39. Carpman, J. and Grant, M. Design That Cares: Planning Health Facilities for Patients and Visitors. J-B AHA Press. 1993. 40. Fewings, Rodney. Wayfinding and Airport Terminal Design. Journal of Navigation, Vol. 54, No. 2, 2001. 41. Gunn, Peter. Sign of the Times: Digital Signing is an evolving Area of Terminal Technology. Airports Inter- national, Vol. 39, No. 8, 2006, pp. 20–21. 42. Bocker, M. A Multiple Index Approach for the Evaluation of Pictograms and Icons. Computer Standards & Interfaces. Vol. 18, 1996, pp. 107–115. 43. Comparing Typefaces for Airport Signs—Author: Waller, Robert. Source: Information Design Journal, Volume 15, Number 1, 2007 44. Nini, Paul. Typography and the Aging Eye: Typeface Legibility for Older Viewers with Vision Problems. Jan. 23, 2006. Available online at http://www.aiga.org/content.cfm/typography-and-the-aging-eye. 45. Garvey, P. M., Donald Meeker, Abduliah Zineddin, Martin Pietrucha, and James Montalbano. A New Font for National Park Service Signs. TRB 2004 Annual Meeting. 46. Gunderson, K. Salt Lake City Department of Airports, Signs and Lighting Dept. Conversation with Jim Harding, Feb. 5, 2010. 47. Jacobson, R. Information Design. The MIT Press, June 1999. 48. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Advisory Circular 150/5240-18E “Standards for Airport Sign Systems”, September 12, 2008 http://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgAdvisoryCircular.nsf/0/EF5A930 E61E10EE4862574CE004C21CC?OpenDocument&Highlight=signing 49. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Advisory Circular 150/5360-12E “Airport Signing and Graphics”, September 18, 2008 http://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgAdvisoryCircular.nsf/0/EF5A 930E61E10EE4862574CE004C21CC?OpenDocument&Highlight=signing 50. International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Document 9636, “International Signs to Provide Guid- ance to Persons at Airports and Marine Terminals” (1995, Reprinted 2003). Available for purchase at http:// icaodsu.openface.ca./documentItemView.ch2?ID=8010

51. AASHTO Guidelines for the Selection of Supplemental Guide Signs for Traffic Generators Adjacent to Free- ways, 4th Edition; Guide Signs, Part II: Guidelines for Airport Guide Signing; Guide Signs, Part III: List of Control Cities for Use in Guide Signs on Interstate Highways. AASHTO Bookstore Item # GSGLC-4. https://bookstore.transportation.org/item_details.aspx?ID=122 52. Hunt, M. E. Enhancing a building’s imageability. Journal of Architectural and Planning Research, Vol. 2 (1985) 151–168. 53. Weisman, G. Improving way-finding and architectural legibility in housing for the elderly. In V. Regnier & J. Pynoos (Eds.) Housing the aged: Design directives and policy considerations, New York: Elsevier, 1987. 54. Electronic Code of Federal Regulations: E-CFR™. GPO Access. Available at http://ecfr.gpoaccess.gov/cgi/t/ text/text-idx?c=ecfr&tpl=/ecfrbrowse/Title23/23cfr655_main_02.tpl. Accessed May 2, 2011. 55. Schweiger, C. L. TCRP Synthesis 48: Real-Time Bus Arrival Information Systems. Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C., 2003. Available at http://onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/ tcrp/tcrp_syn_48.pdf. 56. Dada, E. S. and S. C. Wirasinghe. Development of a New Orientation Index for Airport Terminals. Transporta- tion Research Board. Transportation Research Record No. 1662 (1999) 41–47. 57. Braaksma, J. P., and W. J. Cook. Human Orientation in Transportation Terminals. Journal of Transportation Engineering, Vol. 106, No. 2, 1980, pp. 189–203. 58. Lam, W. H. K., Mei-ling Tam, S. C. Wong, and S. C. Wirasinghe. Wayfinding in the passenger terminal of Hong Kong International Airport. Journal of Air Transport Management, Vol. 9. No. 2 (2003) 73–81. 59. Dada, E. S. and S. C. Wirasinghe. Development of a New Orientation Index for Airport Terminals. Transporta- tion Research Board. Transportation Research Record No. 1662 (1999) 41–47. 60. Churchill, Anthony, Ezekiel Dada, Alexandre G. de Barros & S. C. Wirasinghe. Quantifying and validating measure of airport terminal wayfinding. Journal of Air Transport Management, 14 (2008) 151–158. 61. ANSI/HFS 100-1988. American National Standard for Human Factors Engineering of Visual Display Ter- minal Workstations. Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 1988. Available at http://www.hfes.org/web/ Standards/standards.html 62. Airport Signage Guidelines, Transportation Security Administration, 2010. 63. Arditi, Aries, PhD. Effective Color Contrast: Designing for People with Partial Sight and Color Deficiencies. Lighthouse International, 2005. Available at http://www.lighthouse.org/accessibility/design/accessible-print- design/effective-color-contrast 64. U.S. Department of Transportation, FHWA Policy Memo, March 21, 2003. Use of Changeable Message Sign (CMS) for Emergency Security Messages. Available at http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/legsregs/directives/policy/ securmemo.htm. 65. FHWA Report No. FHWA-JPO-07-011, Advanced Parking Management Systems: A Cross-Cutting Study, Fed- eral Highway Administration, 2007. Available at http://www.its.dot.gov/jpodocs/repts_te/14318.htm. 244 Wayfinding and Signing Guidelines for Airport Terminals and Landside

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TRB’s Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Report 52: Wayfinding and Signing Guidelines for Airport Terminals and Landside is designed to provide airports with the tools necessary to help passengers find their way in and around the airport.

The guidelines focus on four areas of the airport: (1) roadways—both on-airport, and off-airport access roads; (2) parking; (3) curbside and ground transportation; and (4) terminal.

In addition, the guidelines discuss developing a wayfinding strategy; the use of technology and visual displays; and color, fonts, and sizes.

View the Impact on Practice for this report.

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