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Suggested Citation:"Definitions." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2011. Risk Assessment Method to Support Modification of Airfield Separation Standards. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/14501.
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Page 45

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measures (e.g., restricting the wingspan of taxiing aircraft, using centerline lights) or to evaluate the expected number of years for one collision event based on the volume of operations in the taxiway. For smaller airports with lower volumes of traffic, an acci- dent may be expected to occur less than once every 100 years, and this condition is classified as extremely improbable. In this case, the risk may be considered acceptable according to the criteria suggested by the FAA. Section 3—Taxilane to Taxilane Procedure to Estimate Risk of Collision 1. Identify the taxilanes and the centerline separation to be evaluated. 2. Identify the ADG for analysis or the types of aircraft that will be using each taxilane. It is possible that each taxilane is assigned to a different ADG or specific aircraft. 3. If the assessment is for a specific ADG, the simplified col- lision risk plots can be used based only on the taxilane centerline separations (Figures AA-15 to AA-20). 4. If the risk assessment involves specific aircraft or two dif- ferent types of aircraft, the wingtip separation plot in Fig- ure AA-21 should be used, and, in this case, the following steps will be required: a. Place both aircraft at the centerlines of the parallel tax- ilanes (see Figure A-8). b. Calculate the wingtip clearance for this situation: where WD is the distance between wingtips of the two aircraft when both are positioned at the centerline of the taxilanes, CS is the centerline separation between the parallel taxilanes, WS1 is the wingspan for the first aircraft, and WS2 is the wingspan for the second aircraft. WD CS WS WS= − +( )1 2 2 3( ) A-7 Figure A-6. Example of analysis for taxiway/object separation. 68 70 72 74 76 78 80 82 84 86 Taxiway Centerline to Object Separation (ft) ADG III Standard = 93 ft 1.E-10 1.E-09 1.E-08 1.E-07 1.E-06 1.E-05 R is k of C ol lis io n pe r O pe ra tio n Figure A-7. Example of analysis for taxiway/object separation (ADG III).

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TRB’s Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Report 51: Risk Assessment Method to Support Modification of Airfield Separation Standards is intended to be used to support requests for modification of standards in those circumstances where the design criteria for separations between taxiways/taxilanes and other taxiways/taxilanes and fixed or movable objects as well as separations between taxiways and runways cannot be met.

The following appendices, included in the pdf and print version of the report, will be helpful in understanding the methodology.

  • Appendix A: Risk Assessment Methodology presents a methodology for five different types of circumstances: taxiway/taxilane to taxiway, taxiway to object, taxilane to taxilane, taxilane to an object, and runway to taxiway/taxilane or object;
  • Appendix F: Aircraft Database Summary presents a summary of aircraft characteristics by model; and
  • Appendix H: Analysis of MOS Cases summarizes information collected in the modification of standards survey and presents results of application of the methodology described in Appendix A to each modification of standards case.

Other report appendices, which are available online only, provide detail and information on the development of the methodology.

In addition, the project developed a

PowerPoint presentation

that may be useful for introducing and explaining the methodology to stakeholders.

In July 2021, an errata was posted for this publication: In Table 7 on page 25, the LDVO coefficient was changed from -3.088 to -13.088. The online version of the report has been corrected.

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