Climbing the Academic Ladder: Doctoral Women Scientists in Academe: A Report to the Office of Science and Technology Policy (1979)

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Appendix C THE DOCTORATE RECORDS FILE The Commission conducts the annual Survey of Earned Doctorates and maintains the resultant Doctorate Records File (DRF) under contract with the National Science Foundation. The Doctorate Records File contains data on earned doctorates from U.S. universities since 1920, except for professional degrees such as the M.D., D.D.S., and D.V.M. Since 1958, the data have come from questionnaires completed each year by degree recipients at U.S. universities. The questionnaires are distributed with the cooperation of the Deans of Graduate Schools and filled in by the graduates when they complete all requirements for their doctoral degrees. The doctorate recipients provide data about their birth date and place, sex, citizenship, marital status, racial or ethnic group, educational background from high school to doctorate, sources of financial support in graduate school, and postgraduation plans. Each spring a Summary Report is published providing tabulations of these data for the doctorate recipients from U.S. universities for the prior academic year. The File is now a computerized record of over half a million doctorate recipients from 1920 through 1977. This total includes the 31,672 records added to the File in 1977. Because the data have been supplied by virtually all doctorates who have obtained degrees at U.S. universities since 1958, they describe the entire population. Therefore, even though the numbers in this data base are quite small for certain groups, they involve no problems of sampling error. (1977 Questionnaire attached) 146

OF EARNED DO AWARDED IN THE UNITED STATES Conducted by The National Research Council in Cooperation with The American Council ol Learned Societies, The Social Science Research Council, and The Graduate Deans To the Doctoral Candidate: Supported by The National Science Foundation, The U.S. Office of Education, The National Endowment tor the Humanities, and The National Institutes of Health This is a brief description of the Survey of Earned Doctorates indicating how the resulting data are used and the individual confidentiality of data is protected. The basic purpose of this Survey is to gather objective data about doctoral graduates, data that are often helpful in improving graduate education. We ask your cooperation with the project. The information requested on the accompanying questionnaire is largely self-explanatory. Please complete it, detach it along the perforated line, and return it to your Graduate Dean. On the back of this sheet is a Specialties List with code numbers and titles for classifying your fields of specialization. This will be useful in connection with several items on (he questionnaire. If none of the detailed fields listed seems to be appropriate, note the "General" and "Other" categories. What is the Survey of Earned Doctorates? The Survey is conducted annually by the Commission on Human Resources of the National Research Council in cooperation with the American Council of Learned Societies and the Social Science Research Council. The form is distributed with the cooperation of the Graduate Deans and filled out by all graduates who have completed require- ments for their doctoral degrees. Research doctorates in all fields are included, but professional degrees such as the MD, DDS, and DVM are not included because information about recipients of those degrees is compiled elsewhere. The cumulative file goes back to I920 and is called the Doctorate Records File. The use of the doctoral data has been increasing, partly because of the implications for graduate education stemming from the change in the growth pattern of the number of persons receiving doctorates (562 in 1920; 3,278 in 1940; 9,735 in 1960; 29,497 in 1970; peaking at 33,727 in 1973; and now at 32,923 in 1976). This survey attempts to supply some of the information as of the time the doctorate is received. What uses are made of the Survey data? The data collected by this survey questionnaire become part of the Doctorate Records File maintained by the Commission on Human Resources of the National Research Council. The Survey data are collected with the intention that they will be put to use, but only under carefully defined conditions. Such data as the number of degrees awarded in each field of specialization, the educational preparation of degree recipients, their sources of financial support, the length of time required to attain the degree, and postdoctoral employment plans of doctorate recipients are of great interest to graduate schools, employers, the scholarly community, and the nation generally. The Doctorate Records File is used for a limited number of carefully defined, follow-up research studies. Each year a sample of doctorate recipients is selected for inclusion in a longitudinal research file maintained for the National Science Foundation, the National Institutes of Health, and the National Endowment for the Humanities. Statistical summaries from the Doctorate Records File are used by educational institutions, professional societies, and government agencies. Some specific examples are: • An extensive statistical summary of the data is published and distributed to all graduate schools about every five years."' These reports have been widely used by graduate schools and states to evaluate their progress in providing doctoral education. The data may also be useful to graduate students as an aid in selecting a graduate department. • Annual reports containing statistical summaries based on the most recent year's Survey are distributed to graduate schools, government agencies, and any others on request.'" The confidentiality of Survey data is carefully protected. This information is solicited under the authority of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950, as amended. All information you provide will be treated as confidential and will be used for statistical purposes only. Information will be released only in the form of statistical summaries or in a form which does not identify information about any par- ticular person. There are only two exceptions to this policy: (1) information (name, year, and field of degree) is released to institutions from which you received degrees and to other organizations as part of the address search pro- cedure for follow-up research studies: and (2) information from your form will be made available to the institution where you receive your doctoral degree. This latter release of information is contingent upon receipt of a signed state- ment from the institution that the information will be used only for internal purposes. Your response is entirely volun- tary and your failure to provide some or all of the information will in no way adversely affect you. (I) National Academy of Sciences, Doctorate Recipients from United States Universities, I958-I966, Washington, D. C. 1967. (2) National Academy of Sciences, Summary Report I976, Doctorate Recipients from United Stales Universities, Washington, D. C. March, 1977. 147

SURVEY OF EARNED, DOCTORATES NSF Form 558 1977 OMB No. 99-R0290 Approval Expires June 30, 1979 This form is to be returned to the GRADUATE DEAN, for forwarding to Board on Human-Resource Data and Analyses Commission on Human Resources National Research Council Please print or type. 2I0I Constitution Avenue. Washington, D. C. 204I8 A. Name in full: (9-30) (Last Name) (First Name) (Middle Name) Cross Reference: Maiden name or former name legally changed (31) B. Permanent address through which you could always be reached: (Care of, if applicable) (Number) (Street) (City) (State) (Zip Code) (Or Country If not U.S.) C. U.S. Social Security Number: - - (32-40) D. Date of birth: Place of birth: (41-45) (Month) (Day) (Year) (46-47) (State) (Or Country If not U.S.) E. Sex: 1 D Male 2 D Female (48) F. Marital status: : D Married 2 D Not married (including widowed, divorced) (49) G. Citizenship: ° D U.S. native 2 n Non U.S., Immigrant (Permanent Resident) ' D U.S. naturalized 3 [ J Non-U.S., Non-Immigrant (Temporary Resident) (50) If Non-U.S., indicate country of present citizenship (51-52) H. Racial or ethnic group: (Check all that apply.) A person having origins in — 0 D American Indian or Alaskan Native .... .any of the original peoples of North America, and who maintain cultural identification through tribal affiliation or community recognition. I n Asian or Pacific Islander any of the original peoples of the Far East, Southeast Asia, the Indian Subcontinent, or the Pacific Islands. This area includes, for example, China, lapan, Korea, the Philippine Islands, and Samoa. 2 D Black, not of Hispanic Origin any of the black racial groups of Africa. 3 D White, not of Hispanic Origin any of the original peoples of Europe, North Africa, or the Middle East. 4 D Hispanic Mexican, Puerto Rican, Central or South American, or other Spanish culture or origins, regardless of race. (53-55) I. Number of dependents: Do not include yourself. (Dependent = someone receiving at least one half of his or her support from you) (56) J. U.S. veteran status: 0 n Veteran I n On active duty 2 n Non-veteran or not applicable (57) ftDOCATON K. High school last attended: (58-59) (School Name) (City) (State) Year of graduation from high school: <eo en L. List in the table below all collegiate and graduate institutions you have attended including 2-year colleges. List chronologically, and in- clude your doctoral institution as the last entry. Institution Name Location Years Attended From To Major Field Use Specialties List Number Minor Field Number Degree (if any) Title of Granted Degree Mo. Yr. M. Enter below the title of your doctoral dissertation and the most appropriate classification number and field. If a project report or a musical or literary composition (not a dissertation) is a degree requirement, please check box. I | (44) Title Classify using Specialties List Name of field Number N. Name the department (or interdisciplinary committee, center, institute, etc.) and school or college of the university which supervised your doctoral program: O. Name of your dissertation adviser: (Department/Institute/Committee/Program) (School) (First Name) (Middle initial) xt page (Last Name) continued on next page 148

SURVEY OF EARNED DOCTORATES, Conl. P. Please enter a "1" beside your primary source of support during graduate study. Enter a "2" beside your secondary source of support dur- ing graduate study. Check all other sources from which support was received. 58 NSF Fellowship 59 NSF Traineeship 60 NIH Fellowship 61 NIH Traineeship 62 NDEA Fellowship 63 Other HEW 64 AEC/ERDA Fellowship 66 GI Bill 67 —. Other Federal support (specify) 68.— Woodrow Wilson Fellowship 69 — Other U.S. national fellowship (specify) 70.— University Fellowship 72 — Research Assistantship 73 Educational fund of industrial or business firm 74 Other institutional funds (specify) 75 Own earnings 76 — Spouse"s earnings 77 Family contribu- tions 78 Loans (NDSL direct) 79 — Other loans 80 Other (specify) 65 NASA Traineeship 71 Teaching Assistantship Q. Please check the space which most fully describes your status during the year immediately preceding the doctorate. 0 D Held fellowship 1 D Held assistantship 2 n Held own research grant 3 D Not employed 4 D Part-time employed Full-time Employed in: (Other than 0, I, 2) 5 D College or university, teaching 6 D College or university, non-leaching 7 D Elem. or sec. school, teaching 8 D Elem. or sec. school, non-teaching 9 D Industry or business (11) D Other (specify) (12) D Any other (specify) (9) R. How many years (full-time equivalent basis) of professional work experience did you have prior to the doctorate? (include assistantships as professional experience) (10-11) 1 (Name of Organization) (StrMt) (City, Stat*) (Or Country If not U.S.) (24-29) BACKGROUND INFORMATION X. Please indicate, by circling the highest grade attained, the education of your father: none l2345678 9 l0 ll l2 l234 MA, MD PhD Postdoctoral (30) Elementary school High school Col 2345678 9 l0 II l2 l2 ege Graduate 3 4 MA, MD PhD Postdoctoral (3D your mother none l 0 123 456 . l 7*9 (1l) Date completed . Signature . POSTGRADUAT10N PLANS S. T. U. How well defined are your postgraduation plans? 0 D Have signed contract or made definite commitment I D Am negotiating with a specific organization, or more than one 2 D Am seeking appointment but have no specific prospects 0 3 D Other (specify) (12) What are your immediate postgraduation plans? _ Postdoctoral fellowship? } l Q Postdoctoral research associateship? ' Go to 2 n Traineeship? ( Item "U" 3 n Other study (specify) " 4 Q Employment (other than 0, I, 2, 3) } Go ,o 5 O Military service? > „ ..*,.. 6 D Other (specify) (13) I If you plan to be on a postdoctoral fellowship, associateship, traineeship or other study What will be the field of your postdoctoral study? Classify using Specialties List. Number Field .(14-16) What will be the primary source of support? 0 n U.S. Government I D College or university 2 D Private foundation 3 D Nonprofit, other than private foundation 4 Q Other (specify) (17) V. If you plan to be employed, enter military service, or other — What will be the type of employer? 0 G 4-year college or university other than medical school I Q Medical school 2 D Jr. or community college 3 n Elem. or sec. school 4 n Foreign government 5 D U.S. Federal government 6 D U.S. state government 7 D U.S. local government 8 Q Nonprofit organization 9 D Industry or business (II) D Self-employed (l2) D Other (specify) (is) Indicate primary work activity with "I" in appropriate box; secondary work activity (if any) with "2" in appropriate box. 0 Q Research and development l O Teaching 2 Q Administration 3 Q Professional services to individuals 5 D Other (specify) (19-20) In what field will you be working? Please enter number from Specialties List Go to Item "W" .(21-23) 6 n Unknown Go to Item "W" W. What is the name and address of the organization with which you will be associated? (32-34) 149

MATHEMATICS 000 Algebra 010 Analysis & Functional Analysis 020 Geometry 030 Logic 040 Number Theory 050 Probability & Math. Statistics (see also 544, 670, 725, 727, 920) 060 Topology 080 Computing Theory & Practice 082 Operations Research (see also 478) 085 Applied Mathematics 098 Mathematics, General 099 Mathematics, Other* COMPUTER SCIENCES 079 Computer Sciences" (see also 437) ASTRONOMY 101 Astonomy 102 Astrophysics PHYSICS 110 Atomic & Molecular 120 Electromagnetism 132 Acoustics 134 Fluids 135 Plasma 136 Optics 138 Thermal 140 Elementary Particles 150 Nuclear Structure 160 Solid State 198 Physics, General 199 Physics, Other* CHEMISTRY 200 Analytical 210 Inorganic 220 Organic 230 Nuclear 240 Physical 250 Theoretical 260 Agricultural & Food 270 Pharmaceutical 275 Polymer 298 Chemistry, General 299 Chemistry, Other* EARTH. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MARINE SCIENCES 301 Mineralogy, Petrology 305 Geochemistry 310 Stratigraphy, Sedimentation 320 Paleontology 330 Structural Geology 341 Geophysics (Solid Earth) 350 Geomorph. & Glacial Geology 391 Applied Geol., Geol. Engr. & Econ. Geol. 395 Fuel Tech. & Petrol. Engr. (see also 479) 360 Hydrology & Water Re- sources 370 Oceanography 397 Marine Sciences, Other* 381 Atmospheric Physics and Chemistry 382 Atmospheric Dynamics 383 Atmospheric Sciences, Other* 388 Environmentel Sciences, General (see also 480, 528) 389 Environmental Sciences, Other* 398 Earth Sciences, General 399 Earth Sciences, Other* ENGINEERING 400 Aeronautical & Aeronautical 410 Agricultural 415 Blomedical 420 Civil 430 Chemical 435 Ceramic 437 Computer 440 Electrical 445 Electronics 450 Industrial 455 Nuclear 460 Engineering Mechanics 465 Engineering Physics 470 Mechanical 475 Metallurgy & Phys. Met. Engr. 476 Systems Design & Systems Science 478 Operations Research (see also 082) 479 Fuel Tech. & Petrol. Engr. (see also 395) 480 Sanitary & Environmental 486 Mining 497 Materials Science 498 Engineering, General 499 Engineering, Other" AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 500 Agronomy 501 Agricultural Economics 502 Animal Husbandry 503 Food Science & Technology 504 Fish a Wildlife 505 Forestry 506 Horticulture 507 Soils & Soil Science 510 Animal Science & Animal Nutrition 511 Phytopathology 518 Agriculture, General 519 Agriculture, Other* MEDICAL SCIENCES 522 Public Health & Epidemi- ology 523 Veterinary Medicine 526 Nursing 527 Parasitology 528 Environmental Health 534 Pathology 536 Pharmacology 537 Pharmacy 538 Medical Sciences, General 539 Medical Sciences. Other* BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 540 Biochemistry 542 Biophysics 544 Biometrics & Biostatistics (see also 050, 670, 725. 727, 920) 545 Anatomy 546 Cytology 547 Embryology 548 Immunology 550 Botany 560 Ecology 562 Hydrobiology 564 Microbiology & Bacteriology 566 Physiology, Animal 567 Physiology, Plant 569 Zoology 570 Genetics 571 Entomology 572 Molecular Biology 576 Nutrition and/or Dietetics 578 Biological Sciences, General 579 Biological Sciences, Other* PSYCHOLOGY 600 Clinical 610 Counseling & Guidance 620 Developmental & Geronto- logical 630 Educational 635 School Psychology 641 Experimental 642 Comparative 643 Physiological 650 Industrial & Personnel 660 Personality 670 Psychometrics (see also 050, 544, 725, 727, 920) 680 Social 698 Psychology, General 699 Psychology, Other* SOCIAL SCIENCES 700 Anthropology 708 Communications* 710 Sociology 720 Economics (see also 501) 725 Econometrics (see also 050, 544. 670, 727, 920) 727 Statistics (see also 050, 544, 670. 725, 920) 740 Geography 745 Area Studies* 751 Political Science 752 Public Administration 755 International Relations 770 Urban & Reg. Planning 798 Social Sciences, General 799 Social Sciences, Other" HUMANITIES 802 History & Criticism of Art 804 History, American 805 History, European 806 History, Other* 807 History & Philosophy of Science 808 American Studies 809 Theatre and Theatre Criticism 830 Music 831 Speech as a Dramatic Art (see also 885) 832 Archeology 833 Religion (see also 881) 834 Philosophy 835 Linguistics 836 Comparative Litereture 878 Humanities, Generel 879 Humanities, Other* LANGUAGES & LITERATURE 811 American 812 English 821 German 822 Russian 823 French 824 Spanish & Portuguese 826 Italian 827 Classical* 829 Other Languages* EDUCATION 900 Foundations: Social & Philosoph. 910 Educational Psychology 908 Elementary Educ , General 909 Secondary Educ., General 918 Higher Education 919 Adult Educ. & Extension Educ. 920 Educ. Meas. & Stat. 929 Curriculum & Instruction 930 Educ. Admin. & Superv. 940 Guid., Couns., & Student Pers. 950 Special Education (Gifted, Handicapped, etc.) 960 Audio-Visuel Media TEACHING FIELDS 970 Agriculture Educ. 972 Art Educ. 974 Business Educ. 976 English Educ. 978 Foreign Languages Educ. 980 Home Economics Educ. 982 Industrial Arts Educ. 984 Mathematics Educ. 986 Music Educ. 988 Phys. Ed.. Health, & Recre- ation 989 Reading Education 990 Science Educ. 992 Social Science Educ. 993 Speech Education 994 Vocational Educ. 996 Other Teaching F ields* 998 Education, General 999 Education, Other" OTHER PROFESSIONAL FIELDS 881 Theology (see also 833) 882 Business Administration 883 Home Economics 884 Journalism 885 Speech & Hearing Sciences (see also 831) 886 Law & Jurisprudence 887 Social Work 891 Library & Archival Science 897 Professional Field, Other* 899 OTHER FIELDS* * Identify the specific field in the space provided on the questionnaire. 150