Damage to Livestock From Radioactive Fallout in Event of Nuclear War: A Report (1963)

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7. 2X?08UKL 01- NäKlAÜ l.Ikl: Ine ra6iaticn an6 local tallout tollovinß a nuclear 6etonation i8 apparentlv tar le88 8ißniticant to liie in a marine environment tdan to tne animal an6 plant liie in a lan6 environment. vilution ot ra6ioactive 8trontium an6 ce8ium in tne ocean i8 8utticient to eliminate tdem trom tne cateßorv ot tallout prodlem8 in tne ocean. In8tea6 ot ti88ion pro6uct8, neutron»activate6 nucli6e8 in tne torm ot codalt»57, -58 an6 -60, iron»55 an6 »59, manßane8e»54 an6 2inc»65 are pre6cminant in tne marine animal8. On a 8dort»time da8 i8 an6 a8 local tallout, io6ine»l2l 8eem8 to de tde prinzipal ti88ion»pro6uct i8otope ot concern in marine too6 re8ource8. 7 . l kttect8 ot Lxpo8ure lla6ioicxiine ma^ concentrate to ratner nißn level8 in tne tdvroi6 ot ti8n. ^ recentlv complete6 an6 a8»^et»unpudli8ne6 8tu6^ ot te8t»8ite material purport8 to 8nov tnat io6ine-l2l pa88inß tnroußn tne tocxi cnain (alßae -« invertedrate8 »» ti8n) ma^ concentrate in 8utticient amount8 in tne tn^roi6 ßlan68 ot ti8ne8 to 6amaße 8eriou8lv or 6e8tro^ tne td^roi6. ?urtner od8ervation8 on marine lite vnicn ma^ de pertinent: (a) ^^20/^2 ^^"^ a6ult ti8n i8 in tne ranße ot l0O0»20O0 ra68, vnile tor cru8tacean8 it i8 in tne ranße ot 800-l00,000 ra68 an6 tor mollu8c8 in tde ranße ot ^000-50,000 ra68 . (d) Ine tallout re8i6e8 on particle8 ot calcium compoun68 or on Ha0l particle8. (c) ?ev ti88ion pro6uct8 appear in ti8n; ot tne tnree lonß-live6 ti88ion pro6uct8, ce8ium-l37,8trontium-90, anci cerium-l^, onlv tne latter, cerium-l44, i8 rea6ilv 6etecte6 in marine animal8. (6) k^a6iocodalt i8 apparentlv concentra!ie6 adout l0.000 time8 d^ clam8 tnat are in an area ot neav^ tallout. (e) 2inc»65 can de i6entitie6 in tuna ti8n an6 in c^8ter8 an6 clam8. It na8 al8o deen 8novn to de con» centratc6 d^ o^8ter8 an6 8callop8 to tnou8an68 ot time8 adove it8 level in tne vater. (t) In adout 700 ti8n 8pecimen8 collecte6 over a l9»mondn perio6 at Lnivetiok ^toll, onlv adout one per cent ot dne total deta ra6io- activus ot tne ti88ue counte6 va8 in mu8cle. 7 .2 Utili2ation a8 ?ocxi 0on8i6erinß tne verv lov level8 ot ra6ionucli6e8 in tne marine en» vironment not in tne imme6iate vicinit^ ot a 6etonation, toßetder vitn tne adove intormation, it voul6 appear tnat tne mu8cle ot ti8n, cru8tacean8, an6 mollu8c8 can de a nißdlv recommen6e6, relativelv 8ate too6 8ource in 2?

a 6i8a8ter 8ituation. Ine vi8ceral ma88 ot tisn 8doul6, novever, de 6i8- car6e6, particularlv it tnev are caußdt near tne area ot 6etonation an6 i»Ä^or tallouli 2one. 0lam8 an6 ov8ter8, vnicn are eaten vdole, 8noul6 de avoi6e6 it narve8te6 trom 8ucn a contm!U.nHte6 area. 38