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I. INTRODUCTION Severe radioactive contamination of land might result from the deposition of fallout originating in the detonation of nuclear weapons or nuclear reactor accidents. The deposition of fallout on soil or plants would introduce radioactive isotopes into the food chains of animals and man. The Committee on Effects of Atomic Radiation on Agriculture and Food Sup- plies, National Academy of SciencesâNational Research Council, requested the compilation of current information on the reactions of radioactive constituents of fallout with soils and crops, in order to determine whether knowledge is available for the formulation of agronomic recommendations. This report is an attempt to summarize the existing information on this subject, especially with respect to origi- nal sources of experimental results.