ASSESSING HEALTH
PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION
WORKSHOP SUMMARY
Patricia A. Cuff, Rapporteur
Global Forum on Innovation in Health Professional Education
Board on Global Health
INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE
OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS
Washington, D.C.
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001
NOTICE: The workshop that is the subject of this workshop summary was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine.
This activity was supported by contracts between the Academic Consortium for Complementary and Alternative Health Care, the Academic Council of the American Physical Therapy Association, the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education, the Aetna Foundation, the Alliance for Continuing Education in the Health Professions, the American Academy of Family Physicians, the American Academy of Nursing, the American Association of Colleges of Nursing, the American Association of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine, the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy, the American Association of Nurse Anesthetists, the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, the American Board of Family Medicine, the American Board of Internal Medicine, the American College of Nurse-Midwives, the American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists/American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the American Dental Education Association, the American Medical Association, the American Occupational Therapy Association, the American Psychological Association, the American Society for Nutrition, the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, the Association of American Medical Colleges, the Association of American Veterinary Medical Colleges, the Association of Schools and Colleges of Optometry, the Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health, the Association of Schools of the Allied Health Professions, the Atlantic Philanthropies, the China Medical Board, the Council of Academic Programs in Communication Sciences and Disorders, the Council on Social Work Education, Ghent University, the John A. Hartford Foundation, the Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation, Kaiser Permanente, the National Academies of Practice, the National Association of Social Workers, the National Board for Certified Counselors, Inc. and Affiliates, the National League for Nursing, the National Organization of Associate Degree Nursing, the Physician Assistant Education Association, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, the Society for Simulation in Healthcare, the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, and the Veterans Health Administration. The views presented in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the organizations or agencies that provided support for the activity.
International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-30253-1
International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-30253-6
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Suggested citation: IOM (Institute of Medicine). 2014. Assessing health professional education: Workshop summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
“Knowing is not enough; we must apply.
Willing is not enough; we must do.”
—Goethe
INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE
OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES
Advising the Nation. Improving Health.
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES
Advisers to the Nation on Science, Engineering, and Medicine
The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone is president of the National Academy of Sciences.
The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. C. D. Mote, Jr., is president of the National Academy of Engineering.
The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Harvey V. Fineberg is president of the Institute of Medicine.
The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy’s purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone and Dr. C. D. Mote, Jr., are chair and vice chair, respectively, of the National Research Council.
PLANNING COMMITTEE FOR ASSESSING HEALTH PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION1
DARLA SPENCE COFFEY (Co-Chair), Council on Social Work Education
ERIC HOLMBOE (Co-Chair), American Board of Internal Medicine
CAROL ASCHENBRENER, Association of American Medical Colleges
MARTHA (MEG) GAINES, University of Wisconsin, Madison
CATHERINE L. GRUS, American Psychological Association
LUCY MAC GABHANN, Law Student, University of Maryland
LEMMIETTA G. MCNEILLY, American Speech-Language-Hearing Association
PATRICIA HINTON WALKER, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
________________
1Institute of Medicine planning committees are solely responsible for organizing the workshop, identifying topics, and choosing speakers. The responsibility for the published workshop summary rests with the workshop rapporteur and the institution.
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GLOBAL FORUM ON INNOVATION IN HEALTH PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION1, 2
JORDAN COHEN (Co-Chair), George Washington University
AFAF MELEIS (Co-Chair), University of Pennsylvania
KENN APEL, Council of Academic Programs in Communication Sciences and Disorders
CAROL ASCHENBRENER, Association of American Medical Colleges
GILLIAN BARCLAY, Aetna Foundation
MARY BARGER, American College of Nurse-Midwives
TIMI AGAR BARWICK, Physician Assistant Education Association
GERALDINE BEDNASH, American Association of Colleges of Nursing
CYNTHIA BELAR, American Psychological Association
JOANNA CAIN, University of Massachusetts School of Medicine
LINDA CASSER, Association of Schools and Colleges of Optometry
LINCOLN CHEN, China Medical Board
YUANFANG CHEN, Peking Union Medical College
MARILYN CHOW, Kaiser Permanente
ELIZABETH CLARK, National Association of Social Workers
THOMAS CLAWSON, National Board for Certified Counselors, Inc. and Affiliates
DARLA SPENCE COFFEY, Council on Social Work Education
MALCOLM COX, Veterans Health Administration
JAN DE MAESENEER, Ghent University
MARIETJIE DE VILLIERS, Stellenbosch University
JAMES G. FOX, Association of American Veterinary Medical Colleges
ROGER GLASS, John E. Fogarty International Center
ELIZABETH (LIZA) GOLDBLATT, Academic Consortium for Complementary and Alternative Health Care
YUANZHI GUAN, Peking Union Medical College
NEIL HARVISON, American Occupational Therapy Association, Inc.
DOUGLAS HEIMBURGER, American Society for Nutrition
JOHN HERBOLD, National Academies of Practice
ERIC HOLMBOE, American Board of Internal Medicine
PAMELA JEFFRIES, Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing
RICK KELLERMAN, American Academy of Family Physicians
KATHRYN KOLASA, Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics
___________________
1Institute of Medicine forums and roundtables do not issue, review, or approve individual documents. The responsibility for the published workshop summary rests with the workshop rapporteur and the institution.
2This is the list of Forum members as of October 10, 2013.
JOHN (JACK) KUES, Alliance for Continuing Education in the Health Professions
MARYJOAN LADDEN, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
LUCINDA MAINE, American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy
BEVERLY MALONE, National League for Nursing
MARY E. (BETH) MANCINI, Society for Simulation in Healthcare
LEMMIETTA G. MCNEILLY, American Speech-Language-Hearing Association
DONNA MEYER, National Organization of Associate Degree Nursing
FITZHUGH MULLAN, George Washington University
THOMAS NASCA, Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education
ANDRE-JACQUES NEUSY, THEnet
WARREN NEWTON, American Board of Family Medicine
KELLY WILTSE NICELY, American Association of Nurse Anesthetists
LIANA ORSOLINI, Bon Secours Health System, Inc.
RAJATA RAJATANAVIN, Mahidol University
SCOTT REEVES, University of California, San Francisco
MADELINE SCHMITT, American Academy of Nursing
NELSON SEWANKAMBO, Makerere University College of Health Sciences
STEPHEN SHANNON, American Association of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine
SUSAN SKOCHELAK, American Medical Association
HARRISON SPENCER, Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health
RICHARD (RICK) TALBOTT, Association of Schools of the Allied Health Professions
GEORGE THIBAULT, Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation
JAN TOWERS, American Academy of Nurse Practitioners
RICHARD (RICK) W. VALACHOVIC, American Dental Education Association
SARITA VERMA, University of Toronto
PATRICIA HINTON WALKER, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
SHANITA WILLIAMS, Health Resources and Services Administration, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
HOLLY WISE, Academic Council of the American Physical Therapy Association
BRENDA ZIERLER, University of Washington
SANJAY ZODPEY, Public Health Foundation of India
IOM Staff
PATRICIA A. CUFF, Senior Program Officer
RACHEL M. TAYLOR, Associate Program Officer (until December 2013)
MEGAN M. PEREZ, Research Associate
SAMANTHA D. BROWN, Senior Program Assistant (from February 2014)
HANNAH PRESS, Intern
JULIE WILTSHIRE, Financial Officer
PATRICK W. KELLEY, Senior Board Director
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Reviewers
This workshop summary has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the National Research Council’s Report Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making its published workshop summary as sound as possible and to ensure that the summary meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the process. We wish to thank the following individuals for their review of this workshop summary:
LESLEY BAINBRIDGE, The University of British Columbia
LISA CONFORTI, American Board of Internal Medicine
JENNIFER R. KOGAN, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine
KAREN ANNE WOLF, Samuel Merritt University School of Nursing
Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they did not see the final draft of the workshop summary before its release. The review of this workshop summary was overseen by MARY O’NEIL MUNDINGER, Columbia University. Appointed by the Institute of Medicine, she was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this summary was carried out in accordance with institutional procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content of this workshop summary rests entirely with the rapporteur and the institution.
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Acknowledgments
After 2 short years of working together, our Global Forum is making its mark on health professional education. In 2013, the Interprofessional Education for Collaboration workshop summary report was among the top 10 most popular reports at the National Academies as noted by the National Academies Press. Webcast viewers of our workshops have ranged from 200 to 270 for our most recent workshop with viewers logging in from such countries as Japan, Pakistan, Sudan, Sweden, and Turkey. In addition, the activities of the Global Forum are regularly described on the Health Professionals for the 21st Century website; and the listserv of interested individuals following the activities of the Global Forum now numbers more than 1,100 persons.
Although interprofessional education remains high on the list of topics for many of our Forum members, we are now exploring other critical areas of health professional education such as innovative technologies for learning across the education-to-workforce continuum, social accountability, health disparities, and community-based learning opportunities for health professional training. This workshop summary report, Assessing Health Professional Education, is an initial foray into many of these topics, and as Co-Chairs of the Forum, we are extremely grateful to all those who worked tirelessly to make this event a resounding success.
Our sincere thanks go to the workshop planning committee co-chairs, Darla Spence Coffey and Eric Holmboe, along with the planning committee members: Carol Aschenbrener, Meg Gaines, Catherine Grus, Lucy Mac Gabhann, Lemmie McNeilly, and Pat Hinton Walker. It goes without saying that the workshop would not have been possible without the adept skills of
the Institute of Medicine (IOM) staff—Patricia Cuff, forum director; Rachel Taylor, associate program officer; and Megan Perez, research associate. And special thanks go to Patrick Kelley for his leadership in directing the IOM’s Board on Global Health, which oversees the Global Forum on Innovation in Health Professional Education. Finally, we would like to acknowledge our deep appreciation to the 45 sponsors and 61 members of the Global Forum that make it possible for us to host events like the workshop described in this report.
Jordan Cohen, Forum Co-Chair Afaf Meleis, Forum Co-Chair
Contents
2 Practical Examples of Health Professional Education Assessment
3 Assessment as an Agent for Change
4 Technology and Innovation from Education to Practice
5 Strategies for Overcoming Challenges in Measuring Interprofessional Education
B Models and Tools Discussed at the Workshop
C October 9, 2013, Poster Session: Abstracts
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AACN |
American Association of Colleges of Nursing |
AAMC |
Association of American Medical Colleges |
ABIM |
American Board of Internal Medicine |
AHRQ |
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality |
ANPF |
American Nurse Practitioner Foundation |
ASPPH |
Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health |
CAHPS |
Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems |
CIHLC |
Canadian Interprofessional Health Leadership Collaborative |
DMIC |
Dartmouth Microsystem Improvement Curriculum |
DoD |
U.S. Department of Defense |
FAIMER |
Foundation for Advancement of International Medical Education and Research |
HRO |
highly reliable organization |
IDCOP |
Idealized Design of Clinical Office Practices |
IHI |
Institute for Healthcare Improvement |
IHPE |
Innovation in Health Professional Education (the Forum) |
IOM |
Institute of Medicine |
IPA |
interprofessional professionalism assessment |
IPC |
Interprofessional Professionalism Consortium |
IPE |
interprofessional education |
IPP |
interprofessional practice |
LIC |
longitudinal integrated clerkship |
MOOC |
massive open online course |
NCQA |
National Committee for Quality Assurance |
NLN |
National League for Nursing |
PCMH |
patient-centered medical home |
SYMLOG |
System for the Multiple Level Observation of Groups |
TeamSTEPPS |
Team Strategies and Tools to Enhance Performance and Patient Safety |
THEnet |
Training for Health Equity Network |
T-TAQ |
TeamSTEPPS Teamwork Attitudes Questionnaire |
T-TPOT |
Trauma Team Performance Observation Tool |
VA |
U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs |