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24 It is proposed that Phaseolus sp., Lycopersicum sp., Zea mays, and Xanthosoma saggitifolium be stud~ed first. It is suggestea-that other stress physiology groups consider using some of these crop plants in their studies. Heat-Tolerance Team The following persons will participate in the initial program: E. J. Kinbacher, F. A. Couto, J. A. Spence, M. Gutierrez, and M. Maestri.* Every effort will be made to encourage others to join in this work. The team made the following agreements: ⢠Germ plasm for heat-tolerance testing will be exchanged. ⢠Information on testing methods will be distributed. ⢠Exchange visits will be made, the number depending on the avail- ability of funds. ⢠Close contact with other stress physiology groups will be main- tained. ⢠Institutions with rhytotrons will be encouraged to participate in the studies on adaptation to high day temperature or high night temperature. Training and Exchange Exchange of research students and technicians will be encouraged. These exchanges will be in addition to the exchange visits of team members referred to above. * For identification, see Appendix B.
25 DROUGHT RESISTANCE Summary of Program Drought is a problem in a considerable number of areas in the Western Hemisphere. Specific research on drought problems is urgently needed. Use of new species, plant breeding, more information on re- sistant protoplasm, Crassulacean acid metabolism, and stomatal resis- tance to evaporation--all these hold promise for increasing production. Specific Problems Specific problems and the research teams that will be concerned with them are named below. Persons whose affiliations are not given may be identified by referring to Appendix B. Opuntia breeding for forage and fruit production Team: Oscar Brauer H. and Mario Gutierrez Protoplasmic viscosity, permeability, and osmotic value in relation to water stress distribution Team: E. J. Stadelmann and Ludwig Muller Water stress as it affects flowering in coffee Team: Moacyr Maestri, W. R. Gardner, and s. H. West Development of a physical model for determining the relation of plant water potential and soil water potential in cacao Team: w. R. Gardner and Marcel Awad Learning whether cool nights cause coffee stomata to be narrow the following day Team: Moacyr Maestri and Paul E. Waggoner Relating leaf anatomy to epidermal resistance to evaporation Team: Jochen Kummerow; H. Mooney, University of California, Los Angeles Determining whether stomatal closure during flowering in maize will increase yield Team: Abel Munoz and Josue Kohashi, Escuela Nacional de Agricultura, Chapingo, Mexico; Paul E. Waggoner Water use and photosynthesis in pineapple as they relate to Crassulacean acid metabolism Team: J. S. Boyer, M. Maestri, and E. R. Lemon; R. B. Musgrave, Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y.; Oscar Brauer H.
