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The Space Science Decadal Surveys: Lessons Learned and Best Practices (2015)

Chapter: Appendix E: Committee and Staff Biographies

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Committee and Staff Biographies." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2015. The Space Science Decadal Surveys: Lessons Learned and Best Practices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21788.
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E

Committee and Staff Biographies

COMMITTEE

ALAN DRESSLER, Chair, is an observational astronomer at the Observatories of the Carnegie Institution. His principal areas of research cover the formation and evolution of galaxies and the study of star populations of distant galaxies. Dr. Dressler has made significant contributions in the understanding of galaxy formation and evolution, including effects of the environment on galaxy morphology. He was a leader in the identification of the “great attractor,” which causes a large distortion of the Hubble expansion. From 1993-1995, he chaired the Associated Universities for Research in Astronomy committee “HST & Beyond: Exploration and the Search for Origins” that presented NASA with “A Vision for Ultraviolet-Optical-Infrared Space Astronomy,” which now forms a substantial component of the NASA program in astrophysics. Dr. Dressler received his Ph.D. in astronomy from the University of California. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and has previously served on a number of committees of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, including the Planning Committee on Lessons Learned in Decadal Planning in Space: A Workshop (co-chair), the 2010 astronomy and astrophysics decadal survey (Astro2010) Panel on Electromagnetic Observations from Space (chair), the Committee on the Assessment of a Plan for U.S. Participation in Euclid, the Panel on Implementing Recommendations from New Worlds, New Horizons Decadal Survey, and as a member of the Space Studies Board.

DANIEL N. BAKER is director of the Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics at the University of Colorado, Boulder (CU-Boulder). He is distinguished professor of planetary and space physics and is the Moog-Broad Reach Endowed Chair of Space Sciences. Dr. Baker holds appointments as professor of astrophysical and planetary sciences and as a professor of physics at CU-Bolder. His primary research interest is the study of plasma physical and energetic particle phenomena in planetary magnetospheres and in the Earth’s vicinity. Dr. Baker conducts research in space instrument design, space physics data analysis, and magnetospheric modeling. He currently is an investigator on several NASA space missions, including the MESSENGER mission to Mercury, the Magnetospheric MultiScale mission, and the Radiation Belt Storm Probes mission. Dr. Baker is a fellow of the American Geophysical Union (AGU), the International Academy of Astronautics, the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA), and the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). Among his awards are University of Colorado’s Robert L. Stearns Award for outstanding research, service, and teaching (2007) and the AIAA James A. Van Allen Space Environments Award for excellence and leadership in space research (2010). He was selected as the Vikram A. Sarabhai Professor of the Indian Physical Research Laboratory (2015) and also

Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Committee and Staff Biographies." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2015. The Space Science Decadal Surveys: Lessons Learned and Best Practices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21788.
×

has received the Shen Kuo Medal of the International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy (2015). Dr. Baker served as president of the Space Physics and Aeronomy section of the AGU (2002-2004), and he presently serves on advisory panels of the U.S. Air Force and the National Science Foundation (NSF). He earned his Ph.D. in physics from the University of Iowa. Dr. Baker is a national associate of the National Research Council and a member of the National Academy of Engineering. His most recent service for the Academies includes the Committee on the Review of the National Science Foundation’s Division on Atmospheric and Geospace Sciences Draft Science Goals and Objectives, the Committee on the Effects of Solar Variability on Earth’s Climate: A Workshop, the Committee on a Decadal Strategy for Solar and Space Physics (chair), the Committee on the Assessment of Impediments to Interagency Cooperation on Space and Earth Science Missions (co-chair), and the Space Studies Board.

DAVID A. BEARDEN is general manager of the Civil and Commercial Programs Division within Civil and Commercial Operations at Aerospace Corporation and is responsible for management technical leadership of the company’s support to NASA Headquarters and centers. He leads a multidisciplinary team of scientists and engineers that develops and sustains technical consulting business from civil agencies, commercial companies, and international space clients. Through training courses and daily involvement in the delivery of technical expertise to customers, Dr. Bearden has gained considerable expertise concerning the issues, risks, and potential solutions in many cutting-edge technical fields, including technology insertion analysis balancing benefit, cost and risk, as well as telecommunication and remote sensing. He is a nationally recognized cost analysis expert, and has more than 20 years of technical and management experience in the acquisition and development of advanced technology space systems. Since joining Aerospace in 1991, Dr. Bearden led the Hubble Space Telescope Servicing Analysis of Alternatives, which earned him the 2006 Aerospace Corporation’s President’s Award. In the summer of 2009, he led the Aerospace team that served as the technical arm of the Augustine Committee. Dr. Bearden has led various mission studies, including the Lunar Robotic Exploration Architecture and Mars Sample Return studies. He has served on a number of standing review boards and Academies panels, including the Beyond Einstein Program Assessment Committee. Most recently, he served as a member of the SMAP, Aquarius, OCO-3, Heavy Ion Sensor, and ICON Standing review boards. In 2013, Dr. Bearden was among the recipients of a NASA Group Achievement Award for Technical Support to Aquarius/SAC-D Standing Review Board. He has authored chapters in Space Mission Analysis and Design and Reducing the Cost of Space Systems. He was the recipient of the Aviation Week & Space Technology Annual Aerospace Laurels in 2000 for conducting the first quantitative assessment of NASA’s faster-better-cheaper initiative in space exploration. Dr. Bearden was awarded a Ph.D. in aerospace engineering from the University of Southern California. He also earned an M.S. in aerospace engineering from the University of Southern California and a B.S. in mechanical engineering and computer science from the University of Utah, Salt Lake City. His previous service for the Academies includes the Committee on the Assessment of Impediments to Interagency Cooperation on Space and Earth Science Missions and the Beyond Einstein Program Assessment Committee.

ROGER D. BLANDFORD is the Luke Blossom Professor in the School of Humanities and Sciences and a professor of physics at Stanford University and at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. He is also on the faculty at the Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Cosmology (KIPAC) at Stanford University. Dr. Blandford is a distinguished theorist with broad expertise in high-energy and plasma astrophysics, active galactic nuclei, x-ray astronomy, and black holes. His research interests include cosmology, black hole astrophysics, gravitational lensing, galaxies, cosmic rays, neutron stars, and white dwarfs. Most recently, Dr. Blandford was the chair of Astro2010. Prior to this he was chair of the NSF Division of Astronomical Sciences Senior Review, which recommended significant changes in some NSF programs. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences, the American Astronomical Society (AAS), a fellow of the Royal Society, a fellow of the Royal Astronomical Society, and a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Dr. Blandford is a recipient of the AAS Helen B. Warner Prize, the AAS Dannie Heineman Prize, the Royal Astronomical Society Eddington Medal, and the Humboldt Research Award. From 2003 to 2013, he was the Pehong and Adele Chen Director of KIPAC. He received his Ph.D. in 1974 from Magdalene College, Cambridge, U.K., in astrophysics. Dr. Blandford’s most recent service for the Academies

Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Committee and Staff Biographies." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2015. The Space Science Decadal Surveys: Lessons Learned and Best Practices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21788.
×

includes the Committee on the Science of Team Science (current member), the Committee on an Assessment of the Astrophysics Focused Telescope Assets (AFTA) Mission Concepts, and the 2010 Committee on the Decadal Survey on Astronomy and Astrophysics (chair).

STACEY W. BOLAND is a senior systems engineer at Jet Propulsion Laboratory and is the project systems engineer for ISS-RapidScat. Previously she served as the observatory system engineer for the Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 Earth System Science Pathfinder mission. She is also a cross-disciplinary generalist specializing in Earth mission concept development and systems engineering and mission architecture development for advanced (future) Earth observing mission concepts. Dr. Boland received her B.S. in physics from the University of Texas, Dallas, and her M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in mechanical engineering from California Institute of Technology. She was awarded NASA’s Exceptional Achievement Medal in 2009. Her participation in activities of the Academies includes current membership on the Committee on Earth Science and Applications from Space and prior membership on the Planning Committee on Lessons Learned in Decadal Planning in Space: A Workshop, the Committee on the Assessment of NASA’s Earth Science Program, and the Committee on the Assessment of Impediments to Interagency Cooperation on Space and Earth Science Missions.

WENDY M. CALVIN is a professor at the Department of Geological Sciences of the University of Nevada, Reno. Her research focuses on understanding the nature and association of water, volatile ices, and minerals in order to better understand physical and chemical processes occurring in a variety of planetary and space environments. Her studies include meteorites, asteroids, icy satellites, Mars, and Earth. Dr. Calvin helped discover oxygen in the surface of Jupiter’s moon Ganymede and ammonia ices on Pluto’s satellite Charon, and she has an active research program to understand the polar regions of Mars. She was a participating scientist with the Mars Exploration Rovers, and she was co-investigator on the MARCI camera for the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. Dr. Calvin received her Ph.D. in geophysics from the CU-Boulder. Her previous service for the Academies includes the Committee on the Planetary Science Decadal Survey: 2013-2022, the Planetary Science Decadal Survey: Mars Panel (vice chair), and the Review of the NASA Strategic Roadmaps: Science Panel.

ATHENA COUSTENIS is a director of research with the National Centre for Scientific Research of France and is currently based at Paris Observatory in Meudon. Dr. Coustenis works in the field of planetology. Her research focuses on the use of ground- and space-based observatories to study solar system bodies. Dr. Coustenis’ current interests include planetary atmospheres and surfaces, with particular emphasis on the satellites of the giant planets. She is also interested in the characterization of the atmospheres of extrasolar planets. In recent years, she has been leading efforts to define and select future space missions to be undertaken by the European Space Agency (ESA) and its international partners. She is the chair of the European Science Foundation’s European Space Science Committee—the nearest equivalent to the SSB in Europe. She earned her Ph.D. in astrophysics and space techniques from the University of Paris. She has also chaired and served on numerous ESA and NASA advisory groups.

J. TODD HOEKSEMA is a senior research scientist in the W.W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory at Stanford University. His professional experience includes research administration, system and scientific programming, and the design, construction, and operation of instruments to measure solar magnetic and velocity fields from both the ground and space. He is co-investigator and magnetic team lead for the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager on NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory and was instrument scientist for the Michelson Doppler Imager instrument on the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory that was launched by NASA and ESA. He has been associated with the Wilcox Solar Observatory at Stanford for three sunspot cycles and now serves as director. His primary scientific interests include the physics of the Sun and the interplanetary medium, solar-terrestrial relations, the large-scale solar and coronal magnetic fields, solar velocity fields and rotation, helioseismology, and education and public outreach. Dr. Hoeksema currently serves as secretary of the Solar and Heliospheric Physics subsection of Space Physics and Aeronomy in the AGU. He chaired the Solar Physics Division of the AAS and has served on the heliophysics subcommittee of the NASA Advisory Council Science Committee. Dr. Hoeksema led NASA’s Heliophysics Roadmap team in 2005. He has been awarded the NASA Distinguished Public Service Medal and is

Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Committee and Staff Biographies." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2015. The Space Science Decadal Surveys: Lessons Learned and Best Practices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21788.
×

a member of the AAS, the AGU, the International Astronomical Union, the American Scientific Affiliation, and the AAAS. For several years, Dr. Hoeksema was vice chair of Commission E.2 of the Committee on Space Research, and from 2000 to 2004, he served as discipline scientist in heliophysics at NASA Headquarters. He earned his B.A. from Calvin College and a Ph.D. in applied physics from Stanford University. Dr. Hoeksema is the current co-chair of the Committee on Solar and Space Physics, and previously served on the Committee on the Assessment of the NASA Science Mission Directorate 2014 Science Plan, the Planning Committee on Lessons Learned in Decadal Planning in Space: A Workshop, the Committee on a Decadal Strategy for Solar and Space Physics, and the Astro2010 Panel on Optical and Infrared Astronomy from the Ground.

ANTHONY C. JANETOS joined Boston University in May 2013 as director of the Frederick S. Pardee Center for the Study of the Longer Range Future and the Frederick S. Pardee Professor of Earth and Environment. Previously, he served as director of the Joint Global Change Research Institute at the University of Maryland, where for 6 years he oversaw an interdisciplinary team of natural scientists, engineers, and social scientists committed to understanding the problems of global climate change and their potential solutions. Earlier, he was a senior research fellow and vice president at the H. John Heinz III Center for Science, Economics, and the Environment. In 1999, he joined the World Resources Institute as senior vice president and chief of program. Previously, he served as senior scientist for the Land Cover and Land Use Change Program in NASA’s Office of Earth Science and was program scientist for the Landsat 7 mission. He has many years of experience in managing scientific research programs on a variety of ecological and environmental topics, including air pollution effects on forests, climate change impacts, land-use change, ecosystem modeling, and the global carbon cycle. Dr. Janetos received his B.A. in biology from Harvard University and his M.A. and Ph.D. degrees in biology from Princeton University. He was a co-chair of the U.S. National Assessment of the Potential Consequences of climate Variability and Change and an author of Land-Use, Land-Use Change, and Forestry (an IPCC special report) and the Global Biodiversity Assessment. His most recent Academies experience includes service on the Planning Committee on Lessons Learned in Decadal Planning in Space: A Workshop, the Committee on the Assessment of NASA’s Earth Science Program, and the Committee to Advise the U.S. Global Change Research Program. Dr. Janetos is currently a member of the Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate and the Space Studies Board.

STEPHEN MACKWELL is the director of the Lunar and Planetary Institute in Houston, Texas, and is an adjunct professor of Earth science at Rice University. Prior to his current appointment, Dr. Mackwell served as the director of the Bayerisches Geoinstitut at the University of Bayreuth, Germany. He has served as program director for geophysics for NSF’s Division of Earth Sciences (1993-1994); as member, group chief, and panel chair of the review panel for NASA’s Planetary Geology and Geophysics Program; as expert reviewer for the Department of Energy’s Geosciences Research Program (1993); and as expert consultant for NSF’s Division of Earth Sciences (1995). Dr. Mackwell conducts laboratory-based research into the physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of geological materials under conditions relevant to the mantle and crust of Earth and other terrestrial planets. He has served on numerous committees of the Academies, including the Committee on New Opportunities in Solar System Exploration, the Committee to Review Near-Earth-Object Surveys and Hazard Mitigation Strategies, the Committee on the Planetary Science Decadal Survey, the Planning Committee on Lessons Learned in Decadal Planning in Space: A Workshop, the Committee on Review of the Draft 2014 Science Mission Directorate Science Plan, and the Committee on Astrobiology and Planetary Science.

NORMAN H. SLEEP is a professor of geophysics at Stanford University. Dr. Sleep’s research interests include studying convection at the base of the lithosphere and the interaction of the lithosphere with mantle plume material. He is also currently investigating the microphysics of friction and applying the results to nonlinear attenuation and ground damage by strong seismic waves. Dr. Sleep is currently applying this work to interaction of tides with ice tectonics on the Saturn moon Enceladus. He is a fellow of the AAAS, the Geological Society of America, and the AGU. He has received a number of awards for his work, including the James B. Macelwane award, the George P. Woollard Award from the Geological Society of America, and the 2008 Wollaston Medal from the Geological Society of London. Dr. Sleep earned a B.S. in mathematics from Michigan State University and his M.S. and Ph.D.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Committee and Staff Biographies." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2015. The Space Science Decadal Surveys: Lessons Learned and Best Practices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21788.
×

degrees in geophysics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences, and his current service for the Academies includes the Committee on Astrobiology and Planetary Science and the Panel on Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, and he is the current section liaison for the NAS Section 15.

CHARLES E. WOODWARD is a professor of astronomy at the University of Minnesota. He is an observational astronomer who conducts studies on astronomical dust particles produced in the atmosphere of evolved stars and cometary dust in the solar system. He is vice chair of the Large Binocular Telescope Corporation, an elected vice president of the AAS, former board chair of the International Gemini Observatories, and served on the Astronomy and Astrophysics Committee. Dr. Woodward served as a presidential faculty fellow at the University of Wyoming where he was a professor and an NSF presidential fellow. His published research has covered X-ray/optical/infrared spectroscopy, star formation, evolved stellar populations, novae, comets, asteroids, and exoplanets. He co-authored a 1997 article on the baffling dark matter halo in Galaxy NGC5907 for Nature, as well as a 2015 article describing spatially resolved imagining of lo’s Loki Patera volcanoes using infrared Fizeau interferometry for The Astrophysical Journal. Dr. Woodward earned an A.B. in physics from Dartmouth College and M.A. and Ph.D. degrees in physics and astronomy from the University of Rochester. His most recent participation in activities of the Academies includes the Space Studies Board and the Astro2010 Panel on Optical and Infrared Astronomy from the Ground.

A. THOMAS YOUNG is executive vice president, retired, at Lockheed Martin Corporation. He is past chair of the board of SAIC. Mr. Young was previously the president and chief operating officer of Martin Marietta Corporation. Prior to joining industry, Mr. Young worked for 21 years at NASA where he directed the Goddard Space Flight Center, was deputy director of the Ames Research Center, and directed the Planetary Program in the Office of Space Science at NASA Headquarters. Mr. Young received high acclaim for his technical leadership in organizing and directing national space and defense programs, especially the Viking program. He is currently a fellow of the AIAA and the AAS. He earned his engineering degree from the University of Virginia and a M.S. in management from MIT. Mr. Young is a member of the National Academy of Engineering, and his participation in activities of the Academies includes membership on the Committee on Astronomy and Astrophysics and prior membership on the Committee on the Assessment of the Astrophysics Focused Telescope Assets Mission Concepts, the Planning Committee on Lessons Learned in Decadal Planning in Space: A Workshop, the Committee on the Planetary Science Decadal Survey: 2013-2022, the Panel on Implementing Recommendations from New Worlds, New Horizons Decadal Survey, the Committee on the Decadal Survey on Astronomy and Astrophysics 2010, and the Space Studies Board (vice chair).

STAFF

DAVID H. SMITH, Study Director, joined the Space Studies Board (SSB) of the Academies in 1991. He is the senior staff officer and study director for a variety of activities at the Academies in planetary science, astrobiology, and astrophysics. He also organizes SSB’s Lloyd V. Berkner Summer Policy Internship program and supervises most, if not all, of the interns. He received a B.Sc. in mathematical physics from the University of Liverpool in 1976, completed Part III of the Mathematics Tripos at Cambridge University in 1977, and earned a D.Phil. in theoretical astrophysics from Sussex University in 1981. Following a postdoctoral fellowship at Queen Mary College, University of London (1980-1982), he held the position of associate editor and, later, technical editor of Sky and Telescope. Immediately prior to joining the staff of the SSB, Dr. Smith was a Knight Science Journalism Fellow at MIT.

MICHAEL MOLONEY is the director for Space and Aeronautics at the Space Studies Board and the Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board of the Academies. Since joining the ASEB/SSB, Dr. Moloney has overseen the production of more than 40 reports, including four decadal surveys—in astronomy and astrophysics, planetary science, life and microgravity science, and solar and space physics—a review of the goals and direction of the U.S.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Committee and Staff Biographies." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2015. The Space Science Decadal Surveys: Lessons Learned and Best Practices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21788.
×

human exploration program, a prioritization of NASA space technology roadmaps, as well as reports on issues such as NASA’s Strategic Direction, orbital debris, the future of NASA’s astronaut corps, and NASA’s flight research program. Before joining the SSB and ASEB in 2010, Dr. Moloney was associate director of the BPA and study director for the decadal survey for astronomy and astrophysics (Astro2010). Since joining the Academies in 2001, Dr. Moloney has served as a study director at the National Materials Advisory Board, the Board on Physics and Astronomy, the Board on Manufacturing and Engineering Design, and the Center for Economic, Governance, and International Studies. Dr. Moloney has served as study director or senior staff for a series of reports on subject matters as varied as quantum physics, nanotechnology, cosmology, the operation of the nation’s helium reserve, new anti-counterfeiting technologies for currency, corrosion science, and nuclear fusion. In addition to his professional experience at the Academies, Dr. Moloney has more than 7 years’ experience as a foreign-service officer for the Irish government—including serving at the Irish Embassy in Washington and the Irish Mission to the United Nations in New York. A physicist, Dr. Moloney did his Ph.D. work at Trinity College Dublin in Ireland. He received his undergraduate degree in experimental physics at University College Dublin, where he was awarded the Nevin Medal for Physics.

KATIE DAUD is a research associate for the SSB and the ASEB. Previously, she worked at the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum’s Center for Earth and Planetary Studies as a planetary scientist. Ms. Daud was a triple major at Bloomsburg University, receiving a B.S. in planetary science and Earth science and a B.A. in political science.

DIONNA J. WILLIAMS is a program coordinator with the SSB, having previously worked for the Academies’ Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education for 5 years. Ms. Williams has a long career in office administration, having worked as a supervisor in a number of capacities and fields. Ms. Williams attended the University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, and majored in psychology.

ANGELA DAPREMONT, recently graduated from the College of Charleston with a B.S. in geology and a minor in French and francophone studies. Ms. Dapremont developed an interest in the merging of science and policy as a result of participating in meetings with congressional aides about science education and funding during her final year of undergraduate study. She has conducted research in the field of planetary geology at NASA Johnson Space Center and NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. As an SSB intern, she has had the opportunity to utilize her research skills and has accomplished her goal of gaining insight into the formulation and implementation of space policy. She hopes to continue working in science policy and use her experiences as a guide for the next steps in her research career.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Committee and Staff Biographies." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2015. The Space Science Decadal Surveys: Lessons Learned and Best Practices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21788.
×
Page 119
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Committee and Staff Biographies." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2015. The Space Science Decadal Surveys: Lessons Learned and Best Practices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21788.
×
Page 120
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Committee and Staff Biographies." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2015. The Space Science Decadal Surveys: Lessons Learned and Best Practices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21788.
×
Page 121
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Committee and Staff Biographies." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2015. The Space Science Decadal Surveys: Lessons Learned and Best Practices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21788.
×
Page 122
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Committee and Staff Biographies." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2015. The Space Science Decadal Surveys: Lessons Learned and Best Practices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21788.
×
Page 123
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Committee and Staff Biographies." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2015. The Space Science Decadal Surveys: Lessons Learned and Best Practices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21788.
×
Page 124
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The National Research Council has conducted 11 decadal surveys in the Earth and space sciences since 1964 and released the latest four surveys in the past 8 years. The decadal surveys are notable in their ability to sample thoroughly the research interest, aspirations, and needs of a scientific community. Through a rigorous process, a primary survey committee and thematic panels of community members construct a prioritized program of science goals and objectives and define an executable strategy for achieving them. These reports play a critical role in defining the nation's agenda in that science area for the following 10 years, and often beyond.

The Space Science Decadal Surveys considers the lessons learned from previous surveys and presents options for possible changes and improvements to the process, including the statement of task, advanced preparation, organization, and execution. This report discusses valuable aspects of decadal surveys that could taken further, as well as some challenges future surveys are likely to face in searching for the richest areas of scientific endeavor, seeking community consensus of where to go next, and planning how to get there. The Space Science Decadal Surveys describes aspects in the decadal survey prioritization process, including balance in the science program and across the discipline; balance between the needs of current researchers and the development of the future workforce; and balance in mission scale - smaller, competed programs versus large strategic missions.

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