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Optimizing the Nation's Investment in Academic Research: A New Regulatory Framework for the 21st Century (2016)

Chapter: Appendix E: Federal Research and Development Spending

« Previous: Appendix D: Federal Obligations for Science and Engineering to the 100 Universities and Colleges Receiving the Largest Amounts
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Federal Research and Development Spending." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Optimizing the Nation's Investment in Academic Research: A New Regulatory Framework for the 21st Century. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21824.
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Appendix E

Federal Research and Development Spending

Table 19-1. FEDERAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT SPENDING
(Budget authority, dollar amounts in millions)

2014 Actual 2015 Enacted 2016 Proposed Dollar Change: 2015 to 2016 Percent Change: 2015 to 2016
By Agency1
Defense2 66,018 67,451 72,121 4,670 7%
Health and Human Services 30,585 30,475 31,040 565 2%
Energy 11,996 11,736 12,597 861 7%
NASA 11,906 12,145 12238 93 1%
National Science Foundation 5,827 5,999 6.309 310 5%
Agriculture 2,380 2,446 2,884 438 18%
Commerce 1,556 1,526 2,127 601 39%
Veterans Affairs 1,101 1,090 1,147 57 5%
Transporlaton3 853 900 1,115 215 24%
Interior 840 904 985 81 9%
Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Trust Fund 297 506 578 72 14%
Homeand Security4 1,032 1,032 569 -463 -45%
Environmental Protection Agency 539 523 559 36 7%
Education 315 333 279 -54 -16%
Smithsonian Institution 227 245 261 16 7%
Other 763 758 885 127 17%

TOTAL

136,335 138,069 145,694 7,625 6%
Basic Research
Defense 2,112 2,292 2,101 -191 -8%
Health and Human Services 15,862 15,482 15,966 484 3%
Energy 4,095 4,120 4,245 125 3%
NASA 3,371 3,198 3,198 0 0%
National Science Foundation 4,752 4,834 5.062 228 5%
Agriculture 992 1,004 1,114 110 11%
Commerce 205 210 239 29 14%
Veterans Affairs 451 429 450 21 5%
Transportation
Interior 52 53 61 8 15%
Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Trust Fund
Homeland Security4 41 41 41 0 0%
Environmental Protection Agency
Education 27 6 7 1 17%
Smithsonian Institution 200 209 225 16 8%
Other 27 19 19 0 0%

SUBTOTAL

32,187 31,897 32,728 831 3%
Applied Research
Defense 4,564 4,775 4,819 44 1%
Health and Human Services 14,621 14,791 14,864 73 0%
Energy 4,550 4,363 4.583 320 7%
NASA 2,358 2,402 2.480 78 3%
National Science Foundation 578 728 802 74 10%
Agriculture 1,090 1,105 1251 146 13%
Commerce 1,053 919 1,086 167 18%
Veterans Affairs 583 564 597 33 6%
Transportation 535 673 766 93 14%
Interior 565 701 785 84 12%
Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Trust Fund 297 506 578 72 14%
Homeland Security4 210 210 176 -34 -16%
Environmental Protection Agency 456 442 474 32 7%
Education 179 199 159 -40 -20%
Smithsonian Institution
Other 507 533 626 93 17%

SUBTOTAL

32,546 32,911 34,146 1235 4%
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Federal Research and Development Spending." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Optimizing the Nation's Investment in Academic Research: A New Regulatory Framework for the 21st Century. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21824.
×

Table 19-1. FEDERAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT SPENDING
(Budget authority, dollar amounts in millions)

2014 Actual 2015 Enacted 2016 Proposed Dollar Change: 2015 to 2016 Percent Change: 2015 to 2016
Development
Defense2 58,986 60,366 65,036 4,670 8%
Health and Human Service 30 30 30 0 0%
Energy 2,559 2,322 2,621 299 13%
NASA 5,004 6,481 6,423 -58 -1%
National Science Foundation
Agriculture 179 177 181 4 2%
Ccmmetce 65 164 400 236 144%
Veterans Affairs 67 66 67 1 2%
Transportation 198 199 304 105 53%
Interior 107 110 113 3 3%
Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Trust Fund
Homeland Security4 348 348 344 -4 -1%
Environmental Protection Agency 78 76 80 4 5%
Education 109 128 113 -15 -12%
Smithsonian Institution
Other 235 215 264 49 23%

SUBTOTAL

68,985 70,682 75,976 5,294 7%
Facilities and Equipment
Defense 256 18 165 147 817%
Health and Human Services 172 172 180 3 5%
Energy 792 931 1,048 117 13%
NASA 173 64 137 73 114%
National Science Foundation 397 437 445 8 2%
Agriculture 119 160 338 178 111%
Commerce 213 233 402 169 73%
Veterans Affairs 31 33 2 6%
Transportation 20 28 45 17 61%
Interior 13 39 2 -37 -95%
Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Trust Fund
Homeland Security4 433 433 8 -425 -98%
Environmental Protecton Agency 5 5 5 0 0%
Education
Smithsonian Institution 27 36 36 0 0%
Other -3 -8

SUBTOTAL

2,617 2,579 2,844 265 10%

1 Some numbers in the chapter taxt include non-R&D activities and thus will be different from the R&D numbers in this table.

2 In this Budget, Department of Defense began reporting development activities from three additional accounts, adding $1.9 billion in FY 2014, $1.8 billion in FY 2015, and $1.5 billion in FY 2016,

3 Classification of R&D activities at the Federal Avaiation Administration have been recently updated.

4 As of the date the 2016 Budget was released, final 2015 appropriations tor the Department ol Homeland Security were not yet enacted. Therefore, the 2015 column of this table reflects amounts requested lor the Department of Homeland Security in the 2015 Budget.

SOURCE: Fiscal Year 2016 Analytical Perspectives of the U.S. Government, U.S. Government Printing Office, 2015, pp. 298–9, https://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/omb/budget/fy2016/assets/spec.pdf.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Federal Research and Development Spending." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Optimizing the Nation's Investment in Academic Research: A New Regulatory Framework for the 21st Century. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21824.
×
Page 247
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Federal Research and Development Spending." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Optimizing the Nation's Investment in Academic Research: A New Regulatory Framework for the 21st Century. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21824.
×
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Research universities are critical contributors to our national research enterprise. They are the principal source of a world-class labor force and fundamental discoveries that enhance our lives and the lives of others around the world. These institutions help to create an educated citizenry capable of making informed and crucial choices as participants in a democratic society. However many are concerned that the unintended cumulative effect of federal regulations undercuts the productivity of the research enterprise and diminishes the return on the federal investment in research.

Optimizing the Nation's Investment in Academic Research reviews the regulatory framework as it currently exists, considers specific regulations that have placed undue and often unanticipated burdens on the research enterprise, and reassesses the process by which these regulations are created, reviewed, and retired. This review is critical to strengthen the partnership between the federal government and research institutions, to maximize the creation of new knowledge and products, to provide for the effective training and education of the next generation of scholars and workers, and to optimize the return on the federal investment in research for the benefit of the American people.

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