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Robertt Pool and Ka athleen Stratto on, Rapporteu urs Round dtable on Env vironmental Health H Science es, Research h, and Medicin ne Board on Population He ealth and Pub blic Health Prractice Institu ute of Medicin ne
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001 This activity was supported by contracts between the National Academy of Sciences and Colgate-Palmolive Company, ExxonMobil Foundation, The Kresge Foundation, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, and Royal Dutch Shell. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of any organization or agency that provided support for the project. International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-37995-3 International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-37995-4 Additional copies of this report are available from the National Academies Press, 500 Fifth Street, NW, Keck 360, Washington, DC 20001; (800) 624-6242 or (202) 334-3313; http://www.nap.edu. Copyright 2015 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America Cover design: Anna Martin. Suggested citation: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2015. Bringing public health into urban revitalization: Workshop summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
The Na ational Acade emy of Sciennces was estaablished in 18863 by an Act of Conngress, signed d by Presidentt Lincoln, as a private, noongovernmenttal institu ution to advisee the nation on issues relaated to sciencce and technoology. Membe ers are electe ed by their peeers for outsttanding contribbutions to ressearch. Dr. Ralph R J. Cicerrone is presideent. The Na ational Acadeemy of Enginneering was eestablished inn 1964 under the chharter of the National N Acaddemy of Sciennces to bring the practice es of enggineering to advising the nation. Membe ers are electe ed by their peers for extraordinary contribuutions to engiineering. Dr. C. D. Mote, Jr., is president. The Naational Acade emy of Medic cine (formerlly the Institutte of Medicin ne) was esstablished in 1970 under the charter off the Nationa l Academy off Scienc ces to advise the nation on n medical and d health issuees. Members are ele ected by theiir peers for diistinguished ccontributionss to medicine and heealth. Dr. Victor J. Dzau iss president. The thhree Academies work together as the N National Acaddemies of Sciencces, Engineerring, and Medicine to pro ovide indepenndent, objecttive analysis and a advice to o the nation aand conduct o es other activitie to solv ve complex problems and inform publicc policy decissions. The Academies also enc courage education and ressearch, recoggnize outsta anding contrib butions to kno owledge, and d increase pub blic undersstanding in matters m of scie ence, enginee ering, and me edicine. Learn more about the t National Academies A ngineering, and off Sciences, En Mediciine at www.n national-acad demies.org. .
PLANNING COMMITTEE FOR THE WORKSHOP ON BRINGING PUBLIC HEALTH INTO URBAN REVITALIZATION1 DAVID D. FUKUZAWA, The Kresge Foundation, Troy, MI LYNN R. GOLDMAN, George Washington University, Washington, DC RICHARD J. JACKSON, University of California, Los Angeles JOHN D. SPENGLER, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 1 Institute of Medicine planning committees are solely responsible for organizing the workshop, identifying topics, and choosing speakers. The responsibility for the published workshop summary rests with the workshop rapporteurs and the institution. v
ROUNDTABLE ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, RESEARCH, AND MEDICINE1 FRANK LOY (Chair), Washington, DC LYNN R. GOLDMAN (Vice-Chair), George Washington University, Washington, DC HENRY A. ANDERSON, Wisconsin Division of Public Health, Madison JOHN M. BALBUS, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD JAMES K. BARTRAM, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill FAIYAZ BHOJANI, Royal Dutch Shell, The Hague, Netherlands LINDA S. BIRNBAUM, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC LUZ CLAUDIO, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY DENNIS J. DEVLIN, ExxonMobil Corporation, Irving, TX RICHARD A. FENSKE, University of Washington, Seattle DAVID D. FUKUZAWA, The Kresge Foundation, Troy, MI LUIZ A. GALVÃO, Pan American Health Organization, Washington, DC BERNARD D. GOLDSTEIN, University of Pittsburgh, PA RICHARD J. JACKSON, University of California, Los Angeles SUZETTE M. KIMBALL, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA JAY LEMERY, University of Colorado Denver ANDREW MAGUIRE, Environmental Defense Fund, Washington, DC LINDA A. MCCAULEY, Emory University, Atlanta, GA AL MCGARTLAND, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC DAVID M. MICHAELS, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Washington, DC CANICE NOLAN, European Commission, Brussels, Belgium CHRISTOPHER J. PORTIER, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA PAUL SANDIFER, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Charleston, SC SUSAN L. SANTOS, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ 1 Institute of Medicine forums and roundtables do not issue, review, or approve individual documents. The responsibility for the published workshop summary rests with the workshop rapporteurs and the institution. vii
JOHN D. SPENGLER, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA G. DAVID TILMAN, University of Minnesota, St. Paul PATRICIA VERDUIN, Colgate-Palmolive Company, Piscataway, NJ NSEDU OBOT WITHERSPOON, Childrenâs Environmental Health Network, Washington, DC HAROLD ZENICK, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC IOM Staff KATHLEEN STRATTON, Study Director ERIN RUSCH, Associate Program Officer (until May 8, 2015) HOPE HARE, Administrative Assistant ANNA MARTIN, Senior Project Assistant ROSE MARIE MARTINEZ, Director, Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice viii
Reviewers This workshop summary has been reviewed in draft form by persons chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making its published summary as sound as possible and to ensure that the summary meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the process. We wish to thank the following individuals for their review of this workshop summary: Dennis Devlin, ExxonMobil Corporation David Fukuzawa, The Kresge Foundation Greg Kats, Capital E Al McGartland, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they did not see the final draft of the workshop summary before its release. The review of this summary was overseen by Joanna Dwyer, Tufts Medical Center. She was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this workshop summary was carried out in accordance with institutional procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content of this summary rests entirely with the rapporteurs and the institution. ix
Contents 1 INTRODUCTION 1 Organization of the Summary, 2 Overview: A Tale of Three Cities, 3 2 UTILIZING GREEN TECHNOLOGIES IN WASHINGTON, DC 5 Green Buildings, 5 A Plan for Sustainability, 12 Discussion, 16 References, 26 3 REBUILDING EFFORTS IN DETROIT, MICHIGAN 27 Detroit Future City, 28 Health in All Policies, 34 The Henry Ford Health System, 36 Discussion, 39 Reference, 44 4 TRANSFORMING NEW YORK CITY 45 Rebuild by Design Competition, 45 Discussion, 50 Reference, 53 5 CROSS-CUTTING ISSUES THAT FACE ALL URBAN ENVIRONMENTS 55 Designing for Health, 57 Health Equity in Community Design, 63 Improving Community Health, 68 References, 73 6 CLOSING REMARKS 75 APPENDIXES A WORKSHOP AGENDA 77 B SPEAKER AND MODERATOR BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES 81 xi