TABLE B-1 Recent studies undertaken and reports produced by the Government Accountability Office and the Congressional Research Service between 2011 and 2015.
Year | Produced By | Title | Key Questions and What Was Done |
2011 | GAO | FEMA: Action needed to improve the administration of the National Flood Insurance Program | Extent to which FEMA’s management affect NFIP administration; lessons learned from canceling FEMA’s attempt to modernize NFIP’s insurance management system; limitations on FEMA’s authority that could affect NFIP’s financial stability. |
2012 | CRSa | National Flood Insurance Program: background, challenges, and financial status | NFIP borrowing, flood insurance premiums, repetitive loss, mandatory purchase, mapping, floodplain management, reauthorization of NFIP, and a suite of policy options. |
2013 | GAO | Flood Insurance: More information needed on subsidized properties | Number, location, and characteristics of properties that receive subsidized rates compared with full-risk rate properties; information needed to estimate the historic cost of subsidies and establish rates for previously subsidized policies that reflect risk; options to reduce the financial impact of remaining subsidized policies. |
2013 | CRSa | The National Flood Insurance Program: Status and remaining issues for Congress | Premium subsidies, repetitive loss, participation rates, hazard maps, floodplain management regulations, risk assessment and mapping, hazard and disaster assistance, options for managing and financing flood risk. |
2014b | GAO | Flood Insurance: Forgone premiums cannot be measured and FEMA should validate and monitor data system changes | Examined the forgone premiums associated with subsidies during 2002-2013 along with data reliability issues. |
2014a | GAO | Flood Insurance: Strategies for increasing private sector involvement | Conditions needed for private-sector involvement; strategies for increasing private-sector involvement. |
Year | Produced By | Title | Key Questions and What Was Done |
2014c | GAO | National Flood Insurance Program: Progress made on contract management but monitoring and reporting could be improved | Examined: FEMA’s progress in updating its process for monitoring NFIP contractors since previous reports, the extent to which FEMA followed its monitoring process for the largest NFIP contractors. |
2014d | GAO | Hurricane Sandy FEMA: FEMA has improved disaster aid verification but could act to further limit improper assistance | Discussed: the extent to which FEMA implemented controls to help prevent individuals and household program payments that are at risk of being improper or potentially fraudulent; the challenges FEMA and states faced obtaining information to help prevent individuals and household payments from duplicating or overlapping with other sources in its response to Hurricane Sandy. |
2014e | GAO | Overview of GAO’s past work on the NFIP | Summarized work on finances, premium setting, community and property owner participation, flood mapping, flood mitigation, administration, and information management. |
2015a | GAO | Flood Insurance: Status of FEMA’s implementation of the Biggert-Waters Act, as amended | Described: FEMA’s management of the Act’s implementation and associated challenges; the status of FEMA’s implementation of selected requirements from the Act. |
2015b | GAO | High-Risk Series: An update | GAO maintains a high-risk program to focus attention on government operations that it identifies as high risk due to their greater vulnerabilities. Five criteria for removal are leadership commitment, agency capacity, an action plan, monitoring efforts, and demonstrated progress. |
aAuthor on both reports was R. O. King.
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