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Affordability of National Flood Insurance Program Premiums: Report 2 (2016)

Chapter: Appendix G: American Community Survey 5-Year Data Products

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix G: American Community Survey 5-Year Data Products." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Affordability of National Flood Insurance Program Premiums: Report 2. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21848.
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Appendix G

American Community Survey 5-Year Data Products

Tables of ACS 5-year data for census tracts and block groups are available through the American FactFinder web site (http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml). Block group tables are fewer in number and less detailed than the full table set, both to protect the confidentiality of respondents and because of small sample sizes (and, thus, imprecision) at the block group level. Table G-1 below lists some of the 5-year tables of potential interest for the Federal Emergency Management Agency, indicating which ones are available for census tracts only and which for both tracts and block groups.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix G: American Community Survey 5-Year Data Products." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Affordability of National Flood Insurance Program Premiums: Report 2. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21848.
×

TABLE G-1 Selected Tables Available for ACS 5-Year Data Products

Table Number Table Title (Universe in parentheses except where part of table title) Available for Census Tracts Also Available for Block Groups
B11001 Household type, including living alone (households) Yes Yes
B11011 Household type by units in structure (households) Yes No
B11012 Household type by tenure (owner/renter) (households) Yes Yes
B11016 Household type by household size (households) Yes Yes
C17002 Ratio of income to poverty level (persons in poverty universe) Yes Yes
B17019 Poverty status of families by household type by tenure Yes No
B17026 Ratio of income to poverty level (families) Yes No
B19001 Household income (households) Yes Yes
B19013 Median household income (households) Yes Yes
B19051 Earnings for households Yes Yes
B19054 Interest, dividends, or net rental income for households Yes Yes
B19055 Social Security income for households Yes Yes
B19056 Supplemental Security Income for households Yes Yes
B19057 Public assistance income for households Yes Yes
B19059 Retirement income for households Yes Yes
B19081 Mean household income of quintiles (households) Yes No
B19301 Per capita income (persons) Yes Yes
B22003 Receipt of food stamps by poverty status (households) Yes No
B25002 Occupancy status (housing units) Yes Yes
B25003 Tenure (owner/renter) (occupied housing units) Yes Yes
B25004 Vacancy status, housing units (vacant units) Yes Yes
B25005 Vacant—current residence elsewhere (vacant units) Yes No
B25021 Median number of rooms by tenure (occupied housing units) Yes Yes
B25024 Units in structure (housing units) Yes Yes
B25032 Tenure by units in structure (occupied housing units) Yes Yes
B25034 Year structure built (housing units) Yes Yes
B25035 Tenure by year structure built (occupied housing units) Yes Yes
B25037 Median year structure built by tenure (occupied housing units) Yes Yes
B25042 Tenure by bedrooms, housing units (occupied housing units) Yes Yes
Suggested Citation:"Appendix G: American Community Survey 5-Year Data Products." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Affordability of National Flood Insurance Program Premiums: Report 2. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21848.
×
Table Number Table Title (Universe in parentheses except where part of table title) Available for Census Tracts Also Available for Block Groups
B25049 Tenure by plumbing facilities (occupied housing units) Yes No
B25053 Tenure by kitchen facilities (occupied housing units) Yes Yes
B25058 Median contract rent (renter-occupied housing units paying cash rent) Yes Yes
B25064 Median gross rent (renter-occupied housing units paying cash rent) Yes Yes
B25078 Median value (owner-occupied housing units) Yes Yes
B25081 Mortgage status (owner-occupied housing units) Yes Yes
B25091 Mortgage status by selected monthly owner costs, as a percent of income Yes Yes
B25092 Median selected monthly owner costs, as a percent of income Yes Yes
B25097 Mortgage status by median value (owner-occupied housing units) Yes No
Suggested Citation:"Appendix G: American Community Survey 5-Year Data Products." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Affordability of National Flood Insurance Program Premiums: Report 2. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21848.
×

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix G: American Community Survey 5-Year Data Products." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Affordability of National Flood Insurance Program Premiums: Report 2. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21848.
×
Page 123
Suggested Citation:"Appendix G: American Community Survey 5-Year Data Products." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Affordability of National Flood Insurance Program Premiums: Report 2. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21848.
×
Page 124
Suggested Citation:"Appendix G: American Community Survey 5-Year Data Products." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Affordability of National Flood Insurance Program Premiums: Report 2. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21848.
×
Page 125
Suggested Citation:"Appendix G: American Community Survey 5-Year Data Products." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Affordability of National Flood Insurance Program Premiums: Report 2. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21848.
×
Page 126
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When Congress authorized the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) in 1968, it intended for the program to encourage community initiatives in flood risk management, charge insurance premiums consistent with actuarial pricing principles, and encourage the purchase of flood insurance by owners of flood prone properties, in part, by offering affordable premiums. The NFIP has been reauthorized many times since 1968, most recently with the Biggert-Waters Flood Insurance Reform Act of 2012 (BW 2012). In this most recent reauthorization, Congress placed a particular emphasis on setting flood insurance premiums following actuarial pricing principles, which was motivated by a desire to ensure future revenues were adequate to pay claims and administrative expenses. BW 2012 was designed to move the NFIP towards risk-based premiums for all flood insurance policies. The result was to be increased premiums for some policyholders that had been paying less than NFIP risk-based premiums and to possibly increase premiums for all policyholders.

Recognition of this possibility and concern for the affordability of flood insurance is reflected in sections of the Homeowner Flood Insurance Affordability Act of 2014 (HFIAA 2014). These sections called on FEMA to propose a draft affordability framework for the NFIP after completing an analysis of the efforts of possible programs for offering "means-tested assistance" to policyholders for whom higher rates may not be affordable.

BW 2012 and HFIAA 2014 mandated that FEMA conduct a study, in cooperation with the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, which would compare the costs of a program of risk-based rates and means-tested assistance to the current system of subsidized flood insurance rates and federally funded disaster relief for people without coverage. Production of two reports was agreed upon to fulfill this mandate. This second report proposes alternative approaches for a national evaluation of affordability program policy options and includes lessons for the design of a national study from a proof-of-concept pilot study.

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