Acronym List
3D-Var | Three-Dimensional Variational data assimilation |
4D-EnVar | Four-Dimensional Ensemble-Variational data assimilation |
4D-Var | Four-Dimensional Variational data assimilation |
ABL | atmospheric boundary layer |
ABOM | Australian Bureau of Meteorology |
AeroNet | Aerosol Robotic Network |
AFWA | Air Force Weather Agency |
AIRS | Atmospheric Infrared Sounder |
AMDAR | Aircraft Meteorological Data Relay |
AMMA | African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis |
AMS | American Meteorological Society |
AMSR-E | advanced microwave scanning radiometer |
AMSU | Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit |
AMV | atmospheric motion vector |
AMY | Asian Monsoon Year |
ANOVA | analysis of variance |
AO | Atlantic Oscillation |
APCC | APEC (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation) Climate Center |
ASCAT | Advanced Scatterometer |
AUV | autonomous underwater vehicle |
BSISO | Boreal Summer Intraseasonal Oscillation |
CBS | Commission for Basic Systems |
CESM | Community Earth System Model |
CFS | Climate Forecast System |
CFSR | Climate Forecast System Reanalysis |
CFSv2 | Climate Forecast System version 2 |
CIME | Common Infrastructure for Modeling the Environment |
CliPAS | Climate Prediction and its Application to Society |
CMC | Canadian Meteorological Centre |
CMIP | Coupled Model Intercomparison Project |
COAMPS | Coupled Ocean/Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System |
CODAR | Coastal Ocean Dynamics Applications Radar |
CPC | Climate Prediction Center |
CPT | Climate Process Team |
CPTEC | Brazil Center for Weather Forecasting and Climate Studies |
CrIS | Crosstrack Infrared Sounder |
CYGNSS | Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System |
DA | data assimilation |
DARPA | Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency |
DEMETER | Development of a European Multi-model Ensemble system for seasonal to inTERannual predictions |
DHS | U.S. Department of Homeland Security |
DO | Dynamically Orthogonal |
DOD | U.S. Department of Defense |
DOE | U.S. Department of Energy |
DTRA | Defense Threat Reduction Agency |
DWH | Deepwater Horizon |
DYNAMO | Dynamics of the Madden-Julian Oscillation |
ECMWF | European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts |
ECOSTRESS | ECOsystem Spaceborne Thermal Radiometer Experiment on Space Station |
EnKF | Ensemble Kalman Filter data assimilation |
ENSEMBLES | European Commission FP7 project |
ENSO | El Niño-Southern Oscillation |
ERA Interim | ECMWF Interim Reanalysis |
ESM | Earth system model |
ESMF | Earth System Modeling Framework |
ESPC | Earth System Modeling Capability |
ET-OPSLS | Expert Team on Operational Predictions from Subseasonal to Longer-time Scales |
EUMETSAT | European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites |
FNMOC | Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center |
GATE | GARP (Global Atmosphere Research Program) Atlantic Tropical Experiment |
GDP | Global Drifter Program |
GEFS | Global Ensemble Forecast System |
GFDL | Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory |
GHG | greenhouse gas |
GLDAS | Global Land Data Assimilation System |
GMM | Gaussian Mixture Model |
GOES | Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite |
GPM | Global Precipitation Mission |
GPS | global positioning system |
GPS-RO | Global Positioning System Radio Occulation |
GTH | Global Tropics Hazards and Benefits Assessment |
HadGEM3 | Hadley Centre Global Environment Model version 3 |
HPC | high-performance computing |
IASI | Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer |
ICESat2 | Second generation Ice Cloud and Land Elevation Satellite |
IFS | Integrated Forecast System |
IGIM | Interagency Group on Integrative Modeling |
IMAAC | Interagency Modeling and Atmospheric Assessment Center |
IMD | India Meteorology Department |
IOD | Indian Ocean Dipole |
IOOS | Integrated Ocean Observing System |
IOP | intensive observing period |
IPCC | Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |
IRI | International Research Institute for Climate and Society |
ISI | intraseasonal to interannual |
ISS | International Space Station |
ITCZ | Inter Tropical Convergence Zone |
JAXA | Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency |
JEDI | Joint Effort for Data Assimilation Integration |
JMA | Japan Meteorological Agency |
JPL | Jet Propulsion Laboratory |
KL | Karhunen-Loève |
LANL | Los Alamos National Laboratory |
LDAS | Land Data Assimilation System |
LES | Large-eddy simulation |
LIS | Land Information System |
LSM | land-surface model |
MCMC | Markov chain Monte Carlo |
MERIT | Meningitis Environmental Research Information Technologies |
MIZ | Marginal Ice Zone |
MJO | Madden-Julian Oscillation |
MME | multi-model ensemble |
MODIS | Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer |
MOS | model output statistics |
MOSAiC | Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate |
MPI | Message Passing Interface |
MPLNet | Micro-Pulse Lidar Network |
NAM | Northern Annular Mode |
NAO | North Atlantic Oscillation |
NARAC | National Atmospheric Release Advisory Center |
NASA | National Aeronautics and Space Administration |
NASCar | Northern Arabian Sea Circulation—autonomous research |
NAVGEM | NAVy Global Environmental Model |
NAVO | Naval Oceanographic Office |
NCAR | National Center for Atmospheric Research |
NCEP | National Centers for Environmental Prediction |
NEMO | Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean |
NEPTUNE | Navy Environmental Prediction sysTem Utilizing the NUMA corE |
NGGPS | Next Generation Global Prediction System |
NISAC | National Infrastructure Simulation and Analysis Center |
NMME | North American Multi-Model Ensemble |
NOAA | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |
NRL | Naval Research Laboratory |
NSF | National Science Foundation |
NUMA | Nonhydrostatic Unified Model of the Atmosphere DG core |
NVM | non-volatile memory |
NWP | numerical weather prediction |
NWS | U.S. National Weather Service |
OAR | Office of Oceanic & Atmospheric Research |
OLR | outgoing longwave radiation |
ONR | Office of Naval Research |
OOPS | Object Oriented Programming System |
OpenMP | Open Multi-Processing |
OSSE | Observing System Simulation Experiment |
PCAST | President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology |
PDE | partial differential equation |
PIM | processor in memory |
PinT | parallel in time |
PIO | Parallel I/O |
PNA | Pacific North American teleconnection pattern |
QBO | Quasi-Biennial Oscillation |
R2O | research to operations |
RISA | Regional Integrated Sciences and Assessments Program |
RMM | Real-time Multivariate MJO index |
RMSE | root mean square error |
S2S | subseasonal to seasonal |
SAON | Sustaining Arctic Observing Network |
SBIR | Small Business Innovation Research |
SHEBA | Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic Ocean |
SMAP | Soil Moisture Active Passive |
SMIP-2 | Seasonal Prediction Model Intercomparison Project |
SMOS | Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity |
SNOTEL | Snowpack Telemetry |
SOCRATES | Southern Ocean Clouds, Radiation, Aerosol Transport Experimental Study |
SPERR | Scientific Partnerships Enabling Rapid Response |
SPURS-2 | Salinity Processes in the Upper Ocean Regional Study 2 |
SSD | Solid State Devices |
SSH | sea surface height |
SSM/I | Special Sensor Microwave Imager |
SST | sea surface temperature |
SSW | sudden stratospheric warning |
SWE | snow water equivalent |
SWOT | Surface Water and Ocean Topography |
TAMDAR | Tropospheric Airborne Meteorological Data Reporting |
TAO/TRITON | Tropical Atmosphere Ocean/Triangle Trans-Ocean Buoy Network |
TCWB | Taiwan Central Weather Bureau |
THORPEX | The Observing system Research and Predictability Experiment |
TIGGE | THORPEX Interactive Grand Global Ensemble |
TIROS | Television Infrared Observation Satellite |
TOGA COARE | Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment |
TPOS | Tropical Pacific Observing System |
TRMM | Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission |
UKMO | United Kingdom Met Office |
USDA | U.S. Department of Agriculture |
USGCRP | U.S. Global Change Research Program |
VAD | Velocity Azimuth Display |
VES | Virtual Earth System |
VOCALS-Rex | VAMOS (Variability of the American Monsoon Systems) Ocean-Cloud-Atmosphere-Land Study Regional Experiment |
WCRP | World Climate Research Programme |
WCS | World Climate Service |
WERA | WavE RAdar |
WGNE | Working Group on Numerical Experimentation |
WHO | World Health Organization |
WMO | World Meteorological Organization |
WWRP | World Weather Research Programme |
XBT | Expendable Bathythermograph |
YMC | Years of the Maritime Continent |
YOPP | Year of Polar Prediction |
YOTC | Year of Tropical Convection |