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Suggested Citation:"Contents." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2005. Precision Estimates for AASHTO Test Method T308 and the Test Methods for Performance-Graded Asphalt Binder in AASHTO Specification M320. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21969.
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Suggested Citation:"Contents." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2005. Precision Estimates for AASHTO Test Method T308 and the Test Methods for Performance-Graded Asphalt Binder in AASHTO Specification M320. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21969.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................ iv LIST OF FIGURES ......................................................................................................................vi LIST OF TABLES ....................................................................................................................... vi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .......................................................................................................... vii CHAPTER 1: Introduction and Research Approach.................................................................1 1.1 Introduction....................................................................................................................1 1.1.1 Problem Statement .......................................................................................2 1.1.2 Research Objectives.....................................................................................2 1.2 Scope of Study ...............................................................................................................2 1.3 Proficiency Samples Used in Study...............................................................................3 CHAPTER 2: Analysis Technique ...............................................................................................4 2.1 Technique Overview......................................................................................................4 2.2 Steps of Analysis............................................................................................................5 2.2.1 Remove Unpaired and Null Data (Step 1) ...................................................5 2.2.2 Determine Invalid Data (Step 2) ..................................................................7 2.2.3 Determine Outliers (Step 3) .........................................................................8 2.2.4 Analysis of Core Data (Step 4) ....................................................................9 2.3 Check for Normality ....................................................................................................10 CHAPTER 3: Results of Analysis and Estimates of Precision ................................................11 3.1 Test Data ......................................................................................................................11 3.2 Analysis of the Data.....................................................................................................11 3.2.1 Determining the Asphalt Binder Content of Hot-Mix Asphalt (HMA) by the Ignition Method ....................................................11 3.2.2 Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup ..........................................12 3.2.3 Specific Gravity of Semi-Solid Bituminous Materials ..............................12 3.2.4 Effect of Heat and Air on a Moving Film of Asphalt (Rolling Thin-Film Oven Test)..................................................................13 3.2.5 Determining the Flexural Creep Stiffness of Asphalt Binder Using the Bending Beam Rheometer (BBR) .............................................14 3.2.6 Determining the Fracture Properties of Asphalt Binder in Direct Tension (DT)...................................................................................15 3.2.7 Determining the Rheological Properties of Asphalt Binder Using a Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) ...............................................16 3.2.8 Viscosity Determination of Asphalt Binder Using a Rotational Viscometer ...............................................................................17 CHAPTER 4: Conclusions and Recommendations ..................................................................18 4.1 General......................................................................................................................18 4.2 Conclusions and Recommendations Related to Specific Standards .........................18 4.2.1 AASHTO T308-04, Determining the Asphalt Binder Content of Hot-Mix Asphalt (HMA) by the Ignition Method .....................................18 iv

4.2.2 AASHTO T48-04, Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup ...........18 4.2.3 AASHTO T228-04, Specific Gravity of Semi-Solid Bituminous Materials ....................................................................................................19 4.2.4 AASHTO T240-03, Effect of Heat and Air on a Moving Film of Asphalt (Rolling Thin-Film Oven Test) ....................................................19 4.2.5 AASHTO T313-04, Determining the Flexural Creep Stiffness of Asphalt Binder Using the Bending Beam Rheometer (BBR) ...............20 4.2.6 AASHTO T314-04, Determining the Fracture Properties of Asphalt Binder in Direct Tension (DT) .....................................................20 4.2.7 AASHTO T315-04, Determining the Rheological Properties of Asphalt Binder Using a Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) ......................21 4.2.8 AASHTO T316-04, Viscosity Determination of Asphalt Binder Using a Rotational Viscometer ..................................................................21 4.3 General Conclusions and Recommendations............................................................22 4.4 Precision Statement for AASHTO T308 ..................................................................23 4.5 Precision Statement for AASHTO T48 ....................................................................24 4.6 Precision Statement for AASHTO T228 ..................................................................25 4.7 Precision Statement for AASHTO T240 ..................................................................26 4.8 Precision Statement for AASHTO T313 ..................................................................28 4.9 Precision Statement for AASHTO T314 ..................................................................29 4.10 Precision Statement for AASHTO T315 ..................................................................30 4.11 Precision Statement for AASHTO T316 ..................................................................31 REFERENCES.............................................................................................................................32 BIBLIOGRAPHY ........................................................................................................................33 APPENDIX A Description of Hoaglin et al. Outlier Method ........................................... A-1 APPENDIX B Example of Analysis Technique..................................................................B-1 APPENDIX C Summary Table for DSR Phase Angle Testing on Original Binder........C-1 APPENDIX D Normal Summary Tables ............................................................................D-1 APPENDIX E Graph and Analysis Results for AASHTO T308 ......................................E-1 APPENDIX F Graph and Analysis Results for AASHTO T48 ....................................... F-1 APPENDIX G Graph and Analysis Results for AASHTO T228 ......................................G-1 APPENDIX H Graph and Analysis Results for AASHTO T240 ......................................H-1 APPENDIX I Graph and Analysis Results for AASHTO T313, Slope ............................I-1 APPENDIX J Graph and Analysis Results for AASHTO T313, Stiffness.......................J-1 APPENDIX K Graph and Analysis Results for AASHTO T314, Stress ..........................K-1 APPENDIX L Graph and Analysis Results for AASHTO T314, Strain .........................L-1 APPENDIX M Graph and Analysis Results for AASHTO T315, Original.....................M-1 APPENDIX N Graph and Analysis Results for AASHTO T315, RTFO .........................N-1 APPENDIX O Graph and Analysis Results for AASHTO T315, PAV ............................O-1 APPENDIX P Graph and Analysis Results for AASHTO T316 ...................................... P-1 v

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TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Web Document 71: Precision Estimates for AASHTO Test Method T308 and the Test Methods for Performance-Graded Asphalt Binder in AASHTO Specification M320 includes the results of Phase 3 of NCHRP 9-26, in which data from the AMRL Proficiency Sample Program (PSP) are used to create or update precision estimates for a variety of test methods. These include those methods specified in AASHTO Standard Specification M320, “Performance-Graded Asphalt Binder,” and AASHTO Standard Test Method T308, “Determining the Asphalt Binder Content of Hot-Mix Asphalt (HMA) by the Ignition Method.” The report from Phase 1 of Project 9-26, which was published as NCHRP Web Document 54, includes precision estimates of selected volumetric properties of HMA using non-absorptive aggregates. The report from Phase 2, which was published as NCHRP Web Document 66, discusses the results of an investigation into the cause of variations in HMA bulk specific gravity test results using non-absorptive aggregates.

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