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CONTENTS I. Airport Sovereign and Governmental Immunity, 7 A. Introduction, 7 B. Summary of Findings, 8 C. Governmental or Discretionary Functions, 9 D. Tort Liability, 10 E. Statutes of Limitations, 10 F. Trends, 11 G. Summary, 12 II. Part A: States, 13 Alabama, 13 Summary, 13 Statutory Authority, 13 Relevant Case Law, 13 Monetary Limits and Caps, 14 Waiver of Immunity, 14 Process, 14 Alaska, 14 Summary, 14 Statutory Authority, 14 Relevant Case Law, 15 Monetary Limits and Caps, 17 State-Specific Aspects, 17 Waiver of Immunity, 17 Process, 17 Arizona, 18 Summary, 18 Statutory Authority, 18 Relevant Case Law, 18 Monetary Limits and Caps, 18 State-Specific Aspects, 19 Process, 19 Arkansas, 19 Summary, 19 Statutory Authority, 19 Relevant Case Law, 20 Monetary Limits and Caps, 21 State-Specific Aspects, 21 Waiver of Immunity, 21 Process, 22 California, 22 Summary, 22 Statutory Authority, 23 Relevant Case Law, 23 Monetary Limits and Caps, 23 State-Specific Aspects, 23 Waiver of Immunity, 24 Process, 24 Colorado, 24 Summary, 24 Statutory Authority, 24 Relevant Case Law, 25 Monetary Limits and Caps, 26 Waiver of Immunity, 26 Process, 26 Connecticut, 26 Summary, 26 Statutory Authority, 26 Relevant Case Law, 27 Monetary Limits and Caps, 27 Waiver of Immunity, 27 Process, 27 Delaware, 27 Summary, 27 Statutory Authority, 28 Relevant Case Law, 28 Monetary Limits and Caps, 28 State-Specific Aspects, 28 Waiver of Immunity, 29 Process, 29 Florida, 29 Summary, 29 Statutory Authority, 29 Relevant Case Law, 30 Monetary Limits and Caps, 32 State-Specific Aspects, 32 Waiver of Immunity, 32 Process, 33 Georgia, 33 Summary, 33 Statutory Authority, 33 Relevant Case Law, 34 Monetary Limits and Caps, 35 Process, 35 Hawaii, 35 Summary, 35 Statutory Authority, 35 Relevant Case Law, 36 Monetary Limits and Caps, 36 State-Specific Aspects, 36 Waiver of Immunity, 37 Process, 37 Idaho, 37 Summary, 37 Statutory Authority, 37 Relevant Case Law, 38 Monetary Limits and Caps, 38 Process, 38 Illinois, 39 Summary, 39 Statutory Authority, 39 Relevant Case Law, 39 Monetary Limits and Caps, 40 Waiver of Immunity, 40 Process, 40 Indiana, 40 Summary, 40 Statutory Authority, 40 Relevant Case Law, 41 Monetary Limits and Caps, 41 Waiver of Immunity, 41 Process, 41 Iowa, 42 Summary, 42 Statutory Authority, 42 Relevant Case Law, 43 Monetary Limits and Caps, 43 Waiver of Immunity, 43 Process, 43
Kansas, 43 Summary, 43 Statutory Authority, 44 Relevant Case Law, 44 Monetary Limits and Caps, 45 Process, 45 Kentucky, 45 Summary, 45 Statutory Authority, 45 Relevant Case Law, 46 Monetary Limits and Caps, 47 Waiver of Immunity, 47 Process, 47 Louisiana, 47 Summary, 47 Statutory Authority, 48 Relevant Case Law, 49 Monetary Limits and Caps, 50 State-Specific Aspects, 50 Waiver of Immunity, 50 Process, 51 Maine, 51 Summary, 51 Statutory Authority, 52 Relevant Case Law, 53 Monetary Limits and Caps, 54 Waiver of Immunity, 54 Process, 54 Maryland, 56 Summary, 56 Statutory Authority, 56 Relevant Case Law, 59 Monetary Limits and Caps, 60 Process, 60 State-Specific Aspects, 61 Waiver of Immunity, 61 Massachusetts, 62 Summary, 62 Statutory Authority, 62 Relevant Case Law, 65 Monetary Limits and Caps, 66 State-Specific Aspects, 66 Waiver of Immunity, 66 Process, 66 Michigan, 67 Summary, 67 Statutory Authority, 67 Relevant Case Law, 70 Monetary Limits and Caps, 71 Waiver of Immunity, 71 Process, 71 Minnesota, 72 Summary, 72 Statutory Authority, 72 Relevant Case Law, 75 Monetary Limits and Caps, 76 Waiver of Immunity, 77 Process, 77 Mississippi, 78 Summary, 78 Statutory Authority, 79 Relevant Case Law, 81 Monetary Limits and Caps, 83 State-Specific Aspects, 83 Waiver of Immunity, 83 Process, 83 Missouri, 84 Summary, 84 Statutory Authority, 84 Relevant Case Law, 86 Monetary Limits and Caps, 86 Waiver of Immunity, 87 Process, 87 Montana, 87 Summary, 87 Statutory Authority, 87 Relevant Case Law, 90 Monetary Limits and Caps, 90 Process, 90 State-Specific Aspects, 91 Nebraska, 91 Summary, 91 Statutory Authority, 91 Relevant Case Law, 92 Monetary Limits and Caps, 92 Waiver of Immunity, 92 Process, 92 Nevada, 93 Summary, 93 Statutory Authority, 93 Relevant Case Law, 93 Monetary Limits and Caps, 94 State-Specific Aspects, 94 Waiver of Immunity, 94 Process, 94 New Hampshire, 94 Summary, 94 Statutory Authority, 94 Relevant Case Law, 95 Monetary Limits and Caps, 95 Waiver of Immunity, 96 Process, 96 New Jersey, 96 Summary, 96 Statutory Authority, 96 Relevant Case Law, 97 Monetary Limits and Caps, 97 Process, 97 New Mexico, 98 Summary, 98 Statutory Authority, 98 Relevant Case Law, 98 Monetary Limits and Caps, 99 Waiver of Immunity, 99 Process, 100 New York, 100 Summary, 100 Statutory Authority, 100 Relevant Case Law, 101 Monetary Limits and Caps, 101 State-Specific Aspects, 101 Waiver of Immunity, 102 Process, 102
North Carolina, 102 Summary, 102 Statutory Authority, 102 Relevant Case Law, 103 Monetary Limits and Caps, 104 Waiver of Immunity, 104 Process, 104 North Dakota, 105 Summary, 105 Statutory Authority, 105 Relevant Case Law, 108 Monetary Limits and Caps, 109 State-Specific Aspects, 109 Waiver of Immunity, 109 Process, 109 Ohio, 109 Summary, 109 Statutory Authority, 109 Relevant Case Law, 114 Monetary Limits and Caps, 114 State-Specific Aspects, 115 Waiver of Immunity, 115 Process, 115 Oklahoma, 117 Summary, 117 Statutory Authority, 117 Relevant Case Law, 117 Monetary Limits and Caps, 118 Waiver of Immunity, 118 Process, 118 Oregon, 118 Summary, 118 Statutory Authority, 118 Relevant Case Law, 118 Monetary Limits and Caps, 119 Process, 119 Pennsylvania, 120 Summary, 120 Statutory Authority, 120 Relevant Case Law, 123 Monetary Limits and Caps, 125 State-Specific Aspects, 126 Waiver of Immunity, 126 Process, 127 Rhode Island, 128 Summary, 128 Statutory Authority, 128 Relevant Case Law, 128 Monetary Limits and Caps, 129 Waiver of Immunity, 129 Process, 130 South Carolina, 130 Summary, 130 Statutory Authority, 130 Relevant Case Law, 130 Monetary Limits and Caps, 131 Waiver of Immunity, 131 Process, 131 South Dakota, 131 Summary, 131 Statutory Authority, 131 Relevant Case Law, 132 Monetary Limits and Caps, 132 Waiver of Immunity, 132 Process, 133 Tennessee, 133 Summary, 133 Statutory Authority, 133 Relevant Case Law, 134 Monetary Limits and Caps, 136 Waiver of Immunity, 136 Process, 136 Texas, 137 Summary, 137 Statutory Authority, 137 Relevant Case Law, 138 Monetary Limits and Caps, 139 Process, 140 Utah, 140 Summary, 140 Statutory Authority, 140 Relevant Case Law, 141 Monetary Limits and Caps, 141 Waiver of Immunity, 141 Process, 142 Vermont, 142 Summary, 142 Statutory Authority, 143 Relevant Case Law, 143 Monetary Limits and Caps, 143 State-Specific Aspects, 144 Process, 144 Virginia, 144 Summary, 144 Statutory Authority, 144 Relevant Case Law, 144 Monetary Limits and Caps, 145 State-Specific Aspects, 145 Waiver of Immunity, 146 Process, 146 Washington, 146 Summary, 146 Statutory Authority, 146 Relevant Case Law, 147 Monetary Limits and Caps, 147 Waiver of Immunity, 147 Process, 147 West Virginia, 148 Summary, 148 Statutory Authority, 148 Relevant Case Law, 149 Monetary Limits and Caps, 149 Waiver of Immunity, 149 Process, 149 Wisconsin, 150 Summary, 150 Statutory Authority, 150 Relevant Case Law, 151 Monetary Limits and Caps, 154 State-Specific Aspects, 154 Waiver of Immunity, 154 Process, 155 Wyoming, 156 Summary, 156 Statutory Authority, 156 Relevant Case Law, 158 Monetary Limits and Caps, 158 Process, 159
III. Part B: Territories, 160 American Samoa, 160 Summary, 160 Statutory Authority, 160 Relevant Case Law, 160 Monetary Limits and Caps, 161 State-Specific Aspects, 161 Waiver of Immunity, 162 Other, 162 Process, 162 District of Columbia, 162 Summary, 162 Statutory Authority, 162 Relevant Case Law, 163 Monetary Limits and Caps, 163 Waiver of Immunity, 163 Process, 163 Guam, 164 Summary, 164 Statutory Authority, 164 Relevant Case Law, 164 Monetary Limits and Caps, 164 Waiver of Immunity, 165 Process, 165 Northern Mariana Islands, 165 Summary, 165 Statutory Authority, 165 Relevant Case Law, 166 Monetary Limits and Caps, 166 Waiver of Immunity, 167 Process, 167 Puerto Rico, 167 Summary, 167 Statutory Authority, 167 Relevant Case Law, 168 Monetary Limits and Caps, 169 Waiver of Immunity, 169 Process, 169 U.S. Virgin Islands, 170 Summary, 170 Statutory Authority, 170 Relevant Case Law, 171 Monetary Limits and Caps, 171 Waiver of Immunity, 171 Process, 172 Appendix A: Table of Cases, A-1 Appendix B: Chart of Authorities, B-1
