Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT This work was sponsored by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), in cooperation with the Federal Highway Administration, and was conducted in the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP), which is administered by the Transportation Research Board (TRB) of the National Academies. COPYRIGHT INFORMATION Authors herein are responsible for the authenticity of their materials and for obtaining written permissions from publishers or persons who own the copyright to any previously published or copyrighted material used herein. Cooperative Research Programs (CRP) grants permission to reproduce material in this publication for classroom and not-for-profit purposes. Permission is given with the understanding that none of the material will be used to imply TRB, AASHTO, FAA, FHWA, FRA, FTA, Transit Development Corporation, or AOC endorsement of a particular product, method, or practice. It is expected that those reproducing the material in this document for educational and not-for-profit uses will give appropriate acknowledgment of the source of any reprinted or reproduced material. For other uses of the material, request permission from CRP. DISCLAIMER The opinions and conclusions expressed or implied in this report are those of the researchers who performed the research. They are not necessarily those of the Transportation Research Board, the National Research Council, or the program sponsors. The information contained in this document was taken directly from the submission of the author(s). This material has not been edited by TRB.
The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone is president of the National Academy of Sciences. The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. C. D. Mote, Jr., is president of the National Academy of Engineering. The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Victor J. Dzau is president of the Institute of Medicine. The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academyâs purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone and Dr. C. D. Mote, Jr., are chair and vice chair, respectively, of the National Research Council. The Transportation Research Board is one of six major divisions of the National Research Council. The mission of the Transporta- tion Research Board is to provide leadership in transportation innovation and progress through research and information exchange, conducted within a setting that is objective, interdisciplinary, and multimodal. The Boardâs varied activities annually engage about 7,000 engineers, scientists, and other transportation researchers and practitioners from the public and private sectors and academia, all of whom contribute their expertise in the public interest. The program is supported by state transportation departments, federal agencies including the component administrations of the U.S. Department of Transportation, and other organizations and individu- als interested in the development of transportation. www.TRB.org www.national-academies.org
Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction ......................................................................................................... 1-1 2.0 Project Work Approach ..................................................................................... 2-1 3.0 Literature Review ................................................................................................ 3-1 4.0 Practitionersâ Survey .......................................................................................... 4-1 4.1 Overview ...................................................................................................... 4-1 4.2 Respondents and Uses of MOVES ........................................................... 4-1 5.0 Practitionersâ Handbook ................................................................................... 5-1 6.0 Sensitivity Analysis ............................................................................................ 6-1 6.1 Scenarios Modeled ...................................................................................... 6-1 6.2 Base Case Inputs ......................................................................................... 6-3 6.3 Output Summaries by Scenario Type ...................................................... 6-5 6.4 Comparison with Previous Sensitivity Analysis .................................. 6-10 6.5 Input and Output Data ............................................................................ 6-16 7.0 Data Analysis ....................................................................................................... 7-1 7.1 Introduction ................................................................................................. 7-1 7.2 Data Sources ................................................................................................ 7-4 7.3 Sample Data and Comparisons .............................................................. 7-36 8.0 Tool Development .............................................................................................. 8-1 9.0 Additional Research and Data Needs ............................................................. 9-1 9.1 Data Collection ............................................................................................ 9-1 9.2 Research and Methodology Development .............................................. 9-2 A. Literature Review Findings ............................................................................. A-1 A.1 Fleet Data Inputs ........................................................................................ A-1 Age Distribution ........................................................................................ A-1 Source Type (Vehicle) Population ........................................................... A-2 A.2 Regional Activity Inputs ........................................................................... A-4 Regional VMT by Vehicle Class............................................................... A-4 Temporal Adjustments ............................................................................. A-5 i
Road Type Distribution ............................................................................ A-6 Average Speed Distribution ..................................................................... A-8 A.3 Project-Level Inputs ................................................................................. A-11 Project-Level Link Activity ..................................................................... A-12 Off-Network Data .................................................................................... A-15 Link Characteristics ................................................................................. A-16 Link Source Types ................................................................................... A-16 A.4 Other Inputs ............................................................................................. A-17 Meteorology Inputs ................................................................................. A-17 Inspection and Maintenance Programs ................................................ A-18 Fuel Formulation and Supply ................................................................ A-19 A.5 Other MOVES-Related Surveys ............................................................. A-21 AMPO 2011 MOVES Survey .................................................................. A-21 FHWA 2011 Survey of Five MPOs ........................................................ A-23 Tennessee DOT Strategic Plan for Transition to MOVES .................. A-23 B. Annotated Bibliography ................................................................................... B-1 C. Survey Responses .............................................................................................. C-1 C.1 Survey Respondents .................................................................................. C-1 C.2 Agency Characteristics.............................................................................. C-3 C.3 Emission Modeling Priorities ................................................................... C-7 C.4 MOVES-Related Experience ..................................................................... C-9 C.5 Experience Related to Vehicle Fleet Inputs .......................................... C-10 C.6 Experience Related to Regional Activity Data ..................................... C-16 C.7 Experience Related to Project-Level Data ............................................ C-33 C.8 Experience with Other MOVES Inputs ................................................. C-41 C.9 Input on NCHRP 25-38 Project Outcomes ........................................... C-49 D. Survey Instrument .............................................................................................D-1 ii
List of Tables Table 4.1 Surrogate Data Used to Map VMT to MOVES Source Types ............ 4-3 Table 5.1 MOVES Inputs by Volume ..................................................................... 5-1 Table 6.1 Scenarios for Sensitivity Testing ............................................................ 6-3 Table 6.2 Base Case Inputs ....................................................................................... 6-4 Table 6.3 Effects of Source Type Population on Emissions ................................. 6-5 Table 6.4 Effects of Road Type and Average Speed Distributions by Source Type on Emissions ...................................................................... 6-7 Table 6.5 Effects of Temporal Adjustments on Emissions .................................. 6-8 Table 6.6 Combined Sensitivity Analysis Results .............................................. 6-12 Table 6.7 Summary of MOVES Inputs Falling in Different Sensitivity Ranges .................................................................................. 6-15 Table 6.8 Emissions by Source Type .................................................................... 6-16 Table 6.9 Emissions by Source Type â Scenario 1 .............................................. 6-17 Table 6.10 Emissions by Source Type â Scenario 2 .............................................. 6-18 Table 6.11 Emissions by Source Type â Scenario 3 .............................................. 6-19 Table 6.12 Emissions by Source Type â Scenario 4 .............................................. 6-20 Table 6.13 Emissions for Different Road Type and Average Speed Distributions................................................................................ 6-21 Table 6.14 Month Distributions (Percent of VMT by Month) ............................. 6-22 Table 6.15 Effects of Road Grade ............................................................................ 6-23 Table 7.1 NCHRP 25-38 MOVES Input Data Analysis and Development ....... 7-1 Table 7.2 VMT-Based MOVES Inputs .................................................................... 7-4 Table 7.3 VTRIS Functional Classification (FC) as MOVES Road Type ............ 7-7 Table 7.4 VTRIS Vehicle Classification as HPMS MOVES Vehicle Types ........ 7-7 Table 7.5 MOVES Vehicle Types as âHPMSâ Vehicle Types .............................. 7-8 Table 7.6 Filtered Stations by VTRIS Functional Classification and MOVES Road Type .......................................................................... 7-9 Table 7.7 Filtered Stations by VTRIS Functional Classification and MOVES Road Type ........................................................................ 7-10 iii