Estimating Bicycling and Walking for Planning and Project Development: A Guidebook (2014)

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126 Vehicle Ownership A P P E N D I X B Enhanced Four-Step Process8 Variable Elasticity Household Size 0.396 Household Number of Workers 0.043 Household Number of Licensed Drivers 0.264 Household Income 0.135 Rural Home Indicator* 0.013 NMT Accessibility Index of Home TAZ -0.355 Distance to Closest Bus Stop 0.008 # of 4-way Intersections -0.025 # of Bus Stops -0.049 Home TAZ Density -0.008 *Note: The elasticity effect of this indicator variable is computed for a change in the variable from 0 to 1. All other variables are held at sample-mean values. Table B-1B. Household vehicle ownership model elasticity results. Variable Coefficient t-stat Household Size 0.179 6.13 Household Number of Workers 0.0382 2.59 Household Number of Licensed Drivers 0.156 4.14 Household Income 1.89E-6 7.02 Rural Home-location Indicator 0.0808 2.44 NMT Accessibility Index of Home TAZ -0.403 -1.76 Distance to Closest Bus Stop 0.0146 1.51 # of 4-way Intersections – 1/2 mile buffer -0.000716 -1.61 # of Bus Stops -0.00697 -3.44 License per Household Member 0.747 6.17 Home TAZ Density -5.80E-7 -1.30 Constant -0.488 -2.12 Number of Observations 4,741 Final Log-likelihood -6473.0 McFadden’s Pseudo R-square 0.0947 Table B-1A. Household vehicle ownership model results (Poisson). 8 Kahn, M and K. Kockelman. “Models For Anticipating Non-Motorized Travel Choices, And The Role Of The Built Environment.” Annual Meeting of the Inter- national Association for Travel Behavior Research, Toronto, Canada.( July 2012).

127 Variable Elasticity Household Size 0.84 Household Number of Workers 0.24 Household Number of Vehicles -0.52 Licenses per Member -0.58 Household Income 0.13 Hourly Parking Price -0.02 Free Parking Spaces -0.01 # of 3-way Intersections -0.01 # of 4-way Intersections 0.36 Home TAZ Density 0.00 Home TAZ Accessibility Index (SOV) -4.06 Home TAZ Accessibility Index (NMT) 7.31 # of Bus Stops 0.15 Table B-2B. Non-motorized trip generation model elasticities. Variable Coefficient t-stat Negative Binomial Model Household Size 0.152 3.60 Household Number of Workers 0.132 2.78 Household Number of Vehicles -0.0978 -2.27 Licenses per Member -0.276 -1.72 Household Income 1.77E-6 2.75 # of Free Off-street Parking Spaces -0.000176 -1.48 Hourly Parking Price 0.0484 1.66 # of 4-way Intersections 0.00252 2.32 Home TAZ SOV Accessibility Index -1.68 -2.84 Home TAZ NMT Accessibility Index 3.44 2.26 Constant -1.26 -1.23 Alpha 0.612 Binary Logit Inflation Model Household Size -0.334 -4.54 Household Number of Workers -0.112 -1.55 Household Number of Vehicles 0.26 3.88 Licenses per Member 0.628 2.10 Hourly Parking Price 0.26 2.80 # of 3-way Intersections -0.00607 -2.40 # of 4-way Intersections -0.0117 -5.47 Home TAZ Density -8.29E-6 -1.68 Home TAZ SOV Accessibility Index 4.57 5.00 Home TAZ NMT Accessibility Index -7.37 -3.26 # of Bus Stops -0.0324 -3.46 Constant 4.06 2.61 Number of Observations 4,185 Number of Zero Observations 3,070 Final Log-likelihood -4,225 McFadden’s Adj. R-square 0.079 Table B-2A. Non-motorized trip generation model results (ZINB). Variable Coefficient t-stat Alternative Specific Constant 1.57 3.36 Household Number of Vehicles -0.0839 -3.85 Household Income 8.71E-7 2.09 Licensed Indicator -0.366 -7.34 Male Indicator -0.177 -4.19 Land use mix 2.62 25.38 SOV Accessibility Index -2.95 -9.73 NMT Accessibility Index -3.39 -5.06 Distance to Bus Stop 0.0778 3.76 # of Bus Stops - 1/4 mile 0.00596 2.40 # of Dead Ends - 1/2 mile 0.00618 3.39 # of 3-way Intersections - 1/2 mile 0.00604 4.51 Hourly Parking Price - 1/4 mile -0.0485 -2.08 Commute trip -2.18 -14.44 Mid-day trip 0.113 2.32 PM Peak trip -0.0809 -1.39 Night trip -0.527 -3.32 Number of Observations 42,651 Final Log-likelihood -9,151 Adjusted Rho-squared 0.690 Note: Base response is choice of a destination that lies outside the origin zone (i.e., interzonal, rather than intrazonal, trip-making). Table B-3A. Intrazonal trip-making model results (BL). Variable Elasticity Household Number of Vehicles -0.17 Household Income 0.07 Licensed Indicator -0.39 Male Indicator -0.17 Entropy 1.20 SOV Accessibility Index -2.49 NMT Accessibility Index -2.89 Distance to Bus Stop 0.03 # of Bus stops - 1/4 mile 0.06 # of Dead Ends - 1/2 mile 0.14 # of 3-way Intersections - 1/2 mile 0.29 Hourly Parking Price - 1/4 mile -0.02 Commute trip -1.22 Mid-day trip 0.11 PM Peak trip -0.08 Night trip -0.41 Note: The elasticity effect of an indicator variable is computed for a change in the variable from 0 to 1. The different time-period indicators are relative to AM Peak hour. Table B-3B. Intrazonal trip-making model elasticities.

128 Table B-4A. Intrazonal HBW mode-choice model results (MNL). Drive-Alone Walk Explanatory Variables Coefficient t-stat Coefficient t-stat Alternative Specific Constant 0 - -84.7 -1.81 Travel Time -0.472 -1.81 -0.472 -1.81 Age - - -0.108 -1.41 NMT Accessibility Index - - 105 1.89 # of Dead Ends - - -0.215 -1.54 Nobs = 49 || Final Log-Likelihood= -6.6 || Pseudo R-square=0.7632 Table B-4B. Intrazonal HBO mode-choice model results (MNL). Drive-alone Shared-ride Walk Explanatory Variables Coefficient t-stat Coefficient t-stat Coefficient t-stat Alternative Specific Constant 0 - 1.53 3.96 -0.503 -0.20 Travel Time -0.0475 -3.47 -0.0475 -3.47 -0.0475 -3.47 Cost / (Income/member) - - -1.40E-5 -2.68 -9.40E-6 -1.82 Age - - -0.0206 -2.96 -0.0276 -3.77 Male Indicator - - -0.475 -2.31 -0.335 -1.64 Student Indicator - - - - -0.482 -2.05 Employed Indicator - - -0.307 -1.45 -0.678 -3.10 Vehicle per Licensed Driver - - - - -0.342 -1.89 NMT Accessibility Index - - - - 3.37 1.26 Land Use Mix - - - - -0.408 -1.29 Density - - - - -1.40E-6 -2.26 # of Dead Ends - - - - -0.0121 -1.79 # of 3-way Intersections - - - - 0.00870 1.76 # of 4-way Intersections - - - - 0.0152 4.57 Hourly Parking Price - - -0.00809 -2.00 - - # of Free Off-street Parking Spaces - - 0.00100 2.54 - - Nobs = 1,013 || Final Log-Likelihood= -843.2 || Pseudo R-square=0.1238 Table B-4C. Intrazonal NHB mode-choice model results (MNL). Drive-alone Shared-ride Walk Variables Coef. t-stat Coef. t-stat Coef. t-stat Alternative Specific Constant 0.000 - 1.465 5.05 0.161 0.53 Travel time -0.0241 -2.31 -0.0241 -2.31 -0.0241 -2.31 Cost / (Income per member) - - - 0.0000107 -3.94 - - Age - - -0.0230 -4.85 -0.0189 -4.06 Male Indicator - - 0.258 1.82 0.487 3.37 Student Indicator - - -0.732 -3.19 - - Employed Indicator - - -0.931 -7.21 - - Vehicle per licensed driver - - - - -0.388 -2.79 # of 4-way Intersections - - 0.00408 1.67 0.0201 9.03 Hourly Parking Price - - -0.00272 -1.98 - - # of Free Off-street Parking Spaces - - 0.000385 1.85 - - Nobs = 1,605 || Final Log-Likelihood= -1408.9 || Pseudo R-square= 0.1436

Drive alone Shared ride Transit Walk Bike Variables Coef. t stat Coef. t stat Coef. t stat Coef. t stat Coef. t stat Alternave Specific Constant 0 0.744 0.46 0.0934 0.31 14.2 3.62 3.51 7.45 Cost / (Income per Member) 1.22 4.30 1.22 4.30 1.22 4.30 1.22 4.30 1.22 4.30 Travel Time 0.0229 14.53 0.0229 14.53 0.0229 14.53 0.0229 14.53 0.0229 14.53 Age 0.0103 2.39 0.0150 2.13 Male Indicator 0.434 4.61 0.324 1.62 0.954 4.65 Vehicle per Licensed Driver 0.525 4.38 1.26 7.85 1.41 5.20 SOV Access. Index (Orig) 1.80 1.36 Density (Origin) 2.20E 6 2.08 # Dead Ends (Origin) 0.0114 3.66 0.0138 1.47 0.0230 2.33 # 3 way Intersxns. (Origin) 0.0135 2.31 0.0121 2.23 # 4 way Intersxns. (Origin) 0.00459 2.57 0.0142 4.50 0.00819 2.79 # Free Off street Parking (Orig) 0.000940 1.97 # of Bus Stops (Origin) 0.0192 2.62 NMT Access. Index (Dest) 11.9 2.84 SOV Access. Index (Dest) 2.47 1.76 Land Use Mix (Desnaon) 0.482 1.98 0.823 1.82 Density (Desnaon) 4.93E 07 1.38 3.5E 06 1.47 # 3 way Intersxns (Dest) 0.00426 1.80 0.0107 2.01 # 4 way Intersxns (Dest) 0.00226 1.78 0.00376 1.80 0.00314 1.84 Hourly Parking Price (Dest) 0.00106 4.01 # Bus Stops (Dest) 0.028 18.38 Number of Observaons=6,358 || Final Log Likelihood= 3566.9 || Pseudo R square=0.6072 Table B-5A. Interzonal HBW mode-choice model results (MNL). Drive alone Shared ride Transit Walk Bike Variables Coef. t stat Coef. t stat Coef. t stat Coef. t stat Coef. t stat Alternave Specific Constant 0 1.34 11.56 4.85 1.29 3.29 1.99 4.2 10.09 Cost / (Income per member) 1.62 4.33 1.62 4.33 1.62 4.33 1.62 4.33 1.62 4.33 Travel me 0.0506 23.51 0.0506 23.51 0.0506 23.51 0.0506 23.51 0.0506 23.51 Age 0.022 15.35 0.00651 1.78 0.0102 4.20 Male Indicator 0.147 3.75 0.452 2.57 0.985 4.98 Student Indicator 0.488 5.97 0.267 2.09 1.08 4.88 Employed Indicator 0.149 3.60 0.370 2.00 0.579 2.64 Vehicle per licensed driver 0.252 5.43 2.95 12.81 0.665 6.08 NMT Access. Index (Orig) 12.8 3.37 Land Use Mix (Origin) 0.155 1.93 0.800 2.02 # of Dead Ends (Origin) 0.0160 2.04 0.0072 1.95 # 3 way Intersxns. (Origin) 0.00210 2.52 0.00789 1.76 # 4 way Intersxns. (Origin) 0.00617 2.22 0.00845 5.49 0.00503 2.15 # Free Off street Parking (Orig) 0.00065 3.38 NMT Access. Index (Dest) 3.78 2.10 SOV Access. Index (Dest) 4.95 1.88 Land Use Mix (Desnaon) 0.576 1.41 Density (Desnaon) 1.70E06 2.12 # Dead Ends (Desnaon) 0.00765 2.06 0.0227 2.69 # 4 way Intersxns. (Dest) 0.00283 2.05 Hourly Parking Price (Dest) 0.000443 3.23 # Free Off street Parking (Dest) 6.10E 5 1.57 # Bus Stops (Dest) 0.0253 9.22 Number of Observaons=15,549 || Final Log Likelihood= 10501.4 || Pseudo R square=0.484 Table B-5B. Mode-choice model results: interzonal home-based other trips (MNL).

130 Drive alone Shared ride Transit Walk Bike Variables Coef. t stat Coef. t stat Coef. t stat Coef. t stat Coef. t stat Alternave Specific Constant 0 0.497 0.84 0.0321 0.11 6.39 3.59 3.36 5.24 Cost / (Income per member) 0.475 1.57 0.475 1.57 0.475 1.57 0.475 1.57 0.475 1.57 Travel me 0.0505 23.18 0.0505 23.18 0.0505 23.18 0.0505 23.18 0.0505 23.18 Age 0.0165 11.61 0.0102 2.56 0.0144 6.12 0.0102 1.35 Male Indicator 0.057 1.49 0.379 4.67 0.644 2.46 Student Indicator 0.205 2.65 Employed Indicator 1.00 24.42 0.242 1.51 0.535 1.73 Vehicle per licensed driver 0.256 5.89 1.41 7.25 1.01 8.96 0.458 1.45 NMT Access. Index (Orig) 6.01 3.11 SOV Access. Index (Orig) 0.756 1.36 Density (Origin) 1.80E 6 2.78 # Dead Ends (Origin) 0.0342 2.21 # 3 way Intersxns. (Origin) 0.00428 1.95 # 4 way Intersxns. (Origin) 0.00738 7.07 # Free Off street Parkg (Orig) 6.50E 5 2.18 # Bus Stops (Origin) 0.0167 8.98 SOV Access. Index (Dest) 1.06 1.85 Density (Des„na„on) 2.80E 7 1.68 # Dead Ends (Desnaon) 0.00698 1.76 0.0531 3.19 # 3 way Intersxns. (Dest) 0.0142 2.29 # 4 way Intersxns. (Dest) 0.00949 8.95 # Free Off street Parkg (Dest) 7.90E 5 2.62 # Bus Stops (Dest) 0.012 5.20 Number of Observaons=17,244 || Final Log Likelihood = 11528.7 || Pseudo R square=0.505 Table B-5C. Mode-choice model results: interzonal non-home-based trips (MNL).

Variables Pr(DA) Pr(SR) Pr(TR) Pr(WK) Pr(BK) Age 1.3% 1.3% 19.1% 1.3% 27.0% Male Indicator 1.4% 18.4% 1.4% 19.3% 63.4% Student Indicator Employed Indicator Vehicle per Licensed Driver 5.8% 24.2% 52.4% 56.7% 5.8% NMT Accessibility Index (Orig) SOV Accessibility Index (Orig) 1.3% 16.5% 1.3% 1.3% 1.3% Entropy (Origin) Density (Origin) 1.1% 1.1% 16.5% 1.1% 1.1% # of Dead ends (Origin) 1.2% 15.7% 1.2% 26.2% 29.9% # of 3 way Intersecons (Orig) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 40.3% 35.5% # of 4 way Intersecons (Orig) 0.8% 0.8% 12.6% 56.6% 30.0% Free Parking Spaces (Origin) 1.4% 17.5% 1.4% 1.4% 1.4% # of Bus stops (Origin) 1.2% 1.2% 18.2% 1.2% 1.2% NMT Accessibility Index (Dest) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 111.6% 0.0% SOV Accessibility Index (Dest) 1.5% 19.1% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% Entropy (Desnaon) 0.7% 0.7% 10.7% 17.5% 0.7% Variables Pr(DA) Pr(SR) Pr(TR) Pr(WK) Pr(BK) # of Dead Ends (Desnaon) # of 3 way Intersecons (Dest) 0.7% 9.5% 0.7% 31.8% 0.7% # of 4 way Intersecons (Dest) 0.5% 6.7% 0.5% 11.8% 9.6% Hourly Parking Price (Dest) 0.0% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Free Parking Spaces (Dest) # of Bus stops (Dest) 1.8% 1.8% 27.5% 1.8% 1.8% Table B-6A. Percentage change in probability (mode) associated with one st dev. change in explanatory variables for home-based work trips. Variables Pr(DA) Pr(SR) Pr(TR) Pr(WK) Pr(BK) Age 23.3% -23.7% 7.0% 1.3% 23.3% Male Indicator 3.7% 3.7% 17.3% 3.7% 69.7% Student Indicator 9.6% 9.8% 9.6% 1.5% 68.8% Employed Indicator 3.7% 3.7% 13.7% 3.7% 38.2% Vehicle per Licensed Driver 8.2% 7.8% -83.3% -29.0% 8.2% NMT Accessibility Index (Orig) 0.4% 0.4% 123.2% 0.4% 0.4% SOV Accessibility Index (Orig) Entropy (Origin) 1.7% 1.8% 1.7% 1.7% 17.7% Density (Origin) # of Dead ends (Origin) 0.1% 0.1% 22.5% 10.9% 0.1% # of 3 way Intersecons (Orig) 2.6% 2.7% 2.6% 2.6% 15.8% # of 4 way Intersecons (Orig) 0.1% 0.1% 17.4% 30.0% 16.9% Free Parking Spaces (Origin) 7.0% 7.2% 7.0% 7.0% 7.0% # of Bus stops (Origin) NMT Accessibility Index (Dest) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 26.9% 0.0% SOV Accessibility Index (Dest) 0.1% 0.1% -36.5% 0.1% 0.1% Entropy (Desnaon) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 12.2% Density (Desnaon) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 13.8% 0.0% # of Dead Ends (Desnaon) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 13.0% -30.5% # of 3 way Intersecons (Dest) # of 4 way Intersecons (Dest) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 9.2% 0.0% Hourly Parking Price (Dest) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Free Parking Spaces (Dest) 0.7% 0.7% 0.7% 0.7% 0.7% # of Bus stops (Dest) 0.1% 0.1% 26.5% 0.1% 0.1% Table B-6B. Percentage change in probability (mode) associated with one st dev. change in explanatory variables for home-based non-work trips.

132 Variables Pr(DA) Pr(SR) Pr(TR) Pr(WK) Pr(BK) Age 13.7% 20.6% 8.9% 16.9% 8.9% Male Indicator 1.1% 1.7% 1.1% 22.2% 39.5% Student Indicator 3.2% 4.9% 3.2% 3.2% 3.2% Employed Indicator 18.2% 28.0% 33.3% 18.2% 54.1% Vehicle per Licensed Driver 6.7% 9.3% 56.3% 43.7% 20.2% NMT Accessibility Index (Orig) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 46.0% 0.0% SOV Accessibility Index (Orig) 2.8% 4.2% 2.8% 2.8% 2.8% Entropy (Origin) Density (Origin) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 14.5% 0.0% # of Dead ends (Origin) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 42.1% # of 3 way Intersecons (Orig) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 11.3% 0.0% # of 4 way Intersecons (Orig) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 25.7% 0.0% Free Parking Spaces (Origin) 0.6% 0.9% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% # of Bus stops (Origin) 0.1% 0.1% 16.7% 0.1% 0.1% NMT Accessibility Index (Dest) SOV Accessibility Index (Dest) 3.9% 6.0% 3.9% 3.9% 3.9% Entropy (Desnaon) Density (Desnaon) 1.0% 1.5% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% # of Dead Ends (Desnaon) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 11.8% 57.2% # of 3 way Intersecons (Dest) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 42.8% # of 4 way Intersecons (Dest) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 34.2% 0.0% Hourly Parking Price (Dest) Free Parking Spaces (Dest) 0.7% 1.0% 0.7% 0.7% 0.7% # of Bus stops (Dest) 0.1% 0.1% 11.8% 0.1% 0.1% Table B-6C. Percentage change in probability (mode) associated with one st dev. change in explanatory variables for non-home-based trips.

133 Variable Coefficient t stat Hourly Parking Price 0.095 1.31 # of Dead Ends 0.00641 4.32 # of Bus Stops 0.0148 1.98 Network Distance 0.195 12.48 Land Use Mix 1.67 3.77 Log of Employment 0.712 9.71 Logsum of Mode Choice Model 0.395 27.94 # of 4 way Intersecons 0.00124 2.24 Density 2.76E 07 2.23 Male: Land Use Mix 0.35 2.52 Male: Hourly Parking Price 0.0618 2.78 Male: Distance to Bus Stop 0.3080 4.97 Male: Total Number of Bus Stops 0.00465 1.86 Male: Network Distance 0.0486 14.43 Male: Log of Employment 0.0718 2.82 Male: Log of Populaon 0.0748 6.45 Male: Density 5.82E 07 3.28 Senior Cizen: Land Use Mix 1.49 3.58 Senior Cizen: Network Distance 0.0189 1.84 Senior Cizen: Log of Employment 0.126 1.73 Senior Cizen: Density 1.30E 06 1.62 High Income: Land Use Mix 0.350 2.29 High Income: Distance to Bus Stop 0.105 1.49 High Income: # of Bus Stops 0.00182 1.48 High Income: Network Distance 0.0103 2.93 High Income: Log of Employment 0.0667 2.48 High Income: Log of Populaon 0.0263 2.08 Licensed: Land Use Mix 0.750 1.69 Licensed: # of Free Off street Parking Spaces 7.46E 05 3.06 Licensed: Hourly Parking Price 0.136 1.89 Licensed: Distance to Bus Stop 0.123 2.03 Licensed: # of Bus Stops 0.0122 1.64 Licensed: Network Distance 0.0761 4.93 Licensed: Log of Employment 0.125 1.70 Licensed: Log of Populaon 0.0484 4.89 Number of Observaons 6,615 Final Log likelihood 13,408 Pseudo R square 0.4513 Note: t stat of mode choice logsum coefficient calculated with respect to 1. Table B-7A. Destination choice model results: home-based work trips (MNL).

134 Variable Coefficient t stat Hourly Parking Price 0.0987 7.57 # of Dead Ends 0.00793 7.17 # of 3 way Intersecons 0.00562 7.64 Distance to Bus Stop 0.212 5.71 Network Distance 0.358 52.44 Land Use Mix 0.659 4.46 Density 1.68E 06 4.61 Log of Employment 0.447 20.38 Logsum of Mode Choice Model 0.741 13.53 Distance to CBD 0.0197 9.05 Log of Populaon 0.119 9.72 Male: Land Use Mix 0.181 1.83 Male: # of Free Off street Parking Spaces 8.87E 05 2.22 Male: Hourly Parking Price 0.0351 2.73 Male: Distance to Bus Stop 0.0860 1.88 Male: Network Distance 0.0221 5.07 Senior Cizen: # of Free Off street Parking Spaces 7.18E 05 1.37 Senior Cizen: Distance to Bus Stop 0.187 3.44 Senior Cizen: Network Distance 0.0287 5.38 Senior Cizen: Density 6.89E 07 3.07 High Income: Land Use Mix 0.177 1.65 High Income: Distance to Bus Stop 0.105 1.90 High Income: Network Distance 0.00839 1.65 High Income: Log of Populaon 0.0271 2.66 Licensed: Land Use Mix 0.777 5.12 Licensed: Network Distance 0.137 20.67 Licensed: Log of Employment 0.0424 1.72 Licensed: Log of Populaon 0.0708 5.51 Licensed: Density 7.49E 07 2.04 Number of Observaons 15,798 Final Log likelihood 22624 Pseudo R square 0.6124 Note: t-stat of mode-choice logsum coefficient calculated with respect to 1. Table B-7B. Destination choice model results: home-based other trips (MNL).

135 Variable Coefficient t stat # of Free Off street Parking Spaces 0.00016 2.39 Hourly Parking Price 0.0575 4.22 # of Dead Ends 0.00678 5.75 # of 3 way Intersec€ons 0.00220 3.04 # of 4 way Intersec€ons 0.00185 4.41 Distance to Bus Stop 0.111 3.30 Number of Bus Stops 0.00762 5.41 Network Distance 0.337 47.97 Land Use Mix 0.377 6.72 Density 2.71E 06 6.10 Log of Employment 0.319 14.40 Logsum of Mode Choice Model 0.580 37.50 Distance to CBD 0.0272 14.68 Log of Populaƒon 0.109 7.70 Male: Network Distance 0.0479 14.26 Male: Log of Employment 0.0302 2.01 Male: Log of Populaƒon 0.0473 5.63 Male: Density 3.14E 07 1.60 Senior Cizen: Land Use Mix 0.847 4.93 Senior Cizen: Hourly Parking Price 0.0607 2.01 Senior Cizen: # of Bus Stops 0.00566 1.74 Senior Cizen: Network Distance 0.0342 6.11 Senior Cizen: Log of Employment 0.0732 2.56 Senior Cizen: Log of Populaon 0.0180 1.23 High Income: Hourly Parking Price 0.0355 1.94 High Income: Distance to Bus Stop 0.100 1.81 High Income: Total Number of Bus Stops 0.00378 1.83 High Income: Log of Popula on 0.0530 6.13 High Income: Density 4.34E 07 2.23 Licensed: # Free Off street Parking Spaces 0.000142 2.06 Licensed: Network Distance 0.140 20.22 Licensed: Log of Employment 0.189 8.75 Licensed: Log of Popula on 0.0426 3.12 Licensed: Density 1.37E 06 3.30 Number of Observa ons 17,462 Final Log likelihood 28536 Pseudo R square 0.5576 Note: t-stat of mode-choice logsum coefficient calculated with respect to 1. Table B-7C. Destination choice model results: non-home-based trips (MNL).