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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2014. A Guidebook for Integrating NIMS for Personnel and Resources at Airports. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/22471.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2014. A Guidebook for Integrating NIMS for Personnel and Resources at Airports. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/22471.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2014. A Guidebook for Integrating NIMS for Personnel and Resources at Airports. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/22471.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2014. A Guidebook for Integrating NIMS for Personnel and Resources at Airports. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/22471.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2014. A Guidebook for Integrating NIMS for Personnel and Resources at Airports. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/22471.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2014. A Guidebook for Integrating NIMS for Personnel and Resources at Airports. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/22471.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2014. A Guidebook for Integrating NIMS for Personnel and Resources at Airports. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/22471.
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A I R P O R T C O O P E R A T I V E R E S E A R C H P R O G R A M ACRP REPORT 103 TRANSPORTAT ION RESEARCH BOARD WASHINGTON, D.C. 2014 www.TRB.org Research sponsored by the Federal Aviation Administration Subscriber Categories Aviation • Security and Emergencies A Guidebook for Integrating NIMS for Personnel and Resources at Airports Hollis Stambaugh Maria Argabright SyStem Planning CorPoration Arlington, VA Heidi Benaman Mike Cheston Faith grouP, llC St. Louis, MO

AIRPORT COOPERATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAM Airports are vital national resources. They serve a key role in trans­ portation of people and goods and in regional, national, and inter­ national commerce. They are where the nation’s aviation system connects with other modes of transportation and where federal respon­ sibility for managing and regulating air traffic operations intersects with the role of state and local governments that own and operate most airports. Research is necessary to solve common operating problems, to adapt appropriate new technologies from other industries, and to introduce innovations into the airport industry. The Airport Coopera­ tive Research Program (ACRP) serves as one of the principal means by which the airport industry can develop innovative near­term solutions to meet demands placed on it. The need for ACRP was identified in TRB Special Report 272: Airport Research Needs: Cooperative Solutions in 2003, based on a study spon­ sored by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). The ACRP carries out applied research on problems that are shared by airport operating agencies and are not being adequately addressed by existing federal research programs. It is modeled after the successful National Coopera­ tive Highway Research Program and Transit Cooperative Research Pro­ gram. The ACRP undertakes research and other technical activities in a variety of airport subject areas, including design, construction, mainte­ nance, operations, safety, security, policy, planning, human resources, and administration. The ACRP provides a forum where airport opera­ tors can cooperatively address common operational problems. The ACRP was authorized in December 2003 as part of the Vision 100­Century of Aviation Reauthorization Act. The primary participants in the ACRP are (1) an independent governing board, the ACRP Oversight Committee (AOC), appointed by the Secretary of the U.S. Department of Transportation with representation from airport operating agencies, other stakeholders, and relevant industry organizations such as the Airports Council International­North America (ACI­NA), the American Associa­ tion of Airport Executives (AAAE), the National Association of State Aviation Officials (NASAO), Airlines for America (A4A), and the Airport Consultants Council (ACC) as vital links to the airport community; (2) the TRB as program manager and secretariat for the governing board; and (3) the FAA as program sponsor. In October 2005, the FAA executed a contract with the National Academies formally initiating the program. The ACRP benefits from the cooperation and participation of airport professionals, air carriers, shippers, state and local government officials, equipment and service suppliers, other airport users, and research orga­ nizations. Each of these participants has different interests and respon­ sibilities, and each is an integral part of this cooperative research effort. Research problem statements for the ACRP are solicited periodically but may be submitted to the TRB by anyone at any time. It is the responsibility of the AOC to formulate the research program by iden­ tifying the highest priority projects and defining funding levels and expected products. Once selected, each ACRP project is assigned to an expert panel, appointed by the TRB. Panels include experienced practitioners and research specialists; heavy emphasis is placed on including airport pro­ fessionals, the intended users of the research products. The panels pre­ pare project statements (requests for proposals), select contractors, and provide technical guidance and counsel throughout the life of the project. The process for developing research problem statements and selecting research agencies has been used by TRB in managing cooper­ ative research programs since 1962. As in other TRB activities, ACRP project panels serve voluntarily without compensation. Primary emphasis is placed on disseminating ACRP results to the intended end­users of the research: airport operating agencies, service providers, and suppliers. The ACRP produces a series of research reports for use by airport operators, local agencies, the FAA, and other interested parties, and industry associations may arrange for work­ shops, training aids, field visits, and other activities to ensure that results are implemented by airport­industry practitioners. ACRP REPORT 103 Project 10­13 ISSN 1935­9802 ISBN 978­0­309­28382­3 Library of Congress Control Number 2014930832 © 2014 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. COPYRIGHT INFORMATION Authors herein are responsible for the authenticity of their materials and for obtaining written permissions from publishers or persons who own the copyright to any previously published or copyrighted material used herein. Cooperative Research Programs (CRP) grants permission to reproduce material in this publication for classroom and not­for­profit purposes. Permission is given with the understanding that none of the material will be used to imply TRB or FAA endorsement of a particular product, method, or practice. It is expected that those reproducing the material in this document for educational and not­for­profit uses will give appropriate acknowledgment of the source of any reprinted or reproduced material. For other uses of the material, request permission from CRP. NOTICE The project that is the subject of this report was a part of the Airport Cooperative Research Program, conducted by the Transportation Research Board with the approval of the Governing Board of the National Research Council. The members of the technical panel selected to monitor this project and to review this report were chosen for their special competencies and with regard for appropriate balance. The report was reviewed by the technical panel and accepted for publication according to procedures established and overseen by the Transportation Research Board and approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council. The opinions and conclusions expressed or implied in this report are those of the researchers who performed the research and are not necessarily those of the Transportation Research Board, the National Research Council, or the program sponsors. The Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, the National Research Council, and the sponsors of the Airport Cooperative Research Program do not endorse products or manufacturers. Trade or manufacturers’ names appear herein solely because they are considered essential to the object of the report. Published reports of the AIRPORT COOPERATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAM are available from: Transportation Research Board Business Office 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001 and can be ordered through the Internet at http://www.national­academies.org/trb/bookstore Printed in the United States of America

The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. On the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone is president of the National Academy of Sciences. The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. C. D. Mote, Jr., is president of the National Academy of Engineering. The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, on its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Harvey V. Fineberg is president of the Institute of Medicine. The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy’s purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone and Dr. C. D. Mote, Jr., are chair and vice chair, respectively, of the National Research Council. The Transportation Research Board is one of six major divisions of the National Research Council. The mission of the Transporta- tion Research Board is to provide leadership in transportation innovation and progress through research and information exchange, conducted within a setting that is objective, interdisciplinary, and multimodal. The Board’s varied activities annually engage about 7,000 engineers, scientists, and other transportation researchers and practitioners from the public and private sectors and academia, all of whom contribute their expertise in the public interest. The program is supported by state transportation departments, federal agencies including the component administrations of the U.S. Department of Transportation, and other organizations and individu- als interested in the development of transportation. www.TRB.org www.national-academies.org

C O O P E R A T I V E R E S E A R C H P R O G R A M S AUTHOR ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The research reported herein was performed under ACRP Project 10­13 by System Planning Corpo­ ration (SPC) located in Arlington, Virginia, and its subcontractor Faith Group, located in Saint Louis, Missouri. Hollis Stambaugh was the project director and principal investigator. Other key members of the research team were Maria Argabright from SPC and Heidi Benaman and Michael Cheston from Faith Group. All of the aforementioned were contributing authors of the guidebook and the final report. CRP STAFF FOR ACRP REPORT 103 Christopher W. Jenks, Director, Cooperative Research Programs Michael R. Salamone, ACRP Manager Marci A. Greenberger, Senior Program Officer Joseph J. Brown-Snell, Program Associate Eileen P. Delaney, Director of Publications Margaret B. Hagood, Editor ACRP PROJECT 10-13 PANEL Field of Operations Michael P. Hainsey, Golden Triangle Regional Airport, Columbus, MS (Chair) Janie E. Alsobrooks, HSS, Inc., Denver, CO Hanh Deniston, Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority, Washington, DC Michael Moran, Airport Emergency Operations Consultants LLC, Anthem, AZ Rosemary Rizzo, DM AIRPORTS, LTD. / Morristown Municipal Airport, Morristown, NJ Chuck Runyon, West Virginia DOT, Charleston, WV Marc Tonnacliff, FAA Liaison W. Scott Brotemarkle, TRB Liaison

ACRP Report 103: A Guidebook for Integrating NIMS for Personnel and Resources at Air- ports provides guidance for the integration of the National Incident Management System (NIMS) into airport response plans for incidents, accidents, and events. The guidebook dis­ cusses common NIMS and incident command terminology; outlines recommended inci­ dent command structures for various situations relative to their complexity; and includes sample plans from airports and training outlines. An appendix provides examples of orga­ nizational charts. In addition, a matrix of necessary training for airport staff is located on the TRB website (http://www.trb.org/Main/Blurbs/169840.aspx). FAR Part 139 airports are required to integrate the NIMS into their airport emergency plans. This requirement doesn’t apply to general aviation airports. However, the NIMS template is valuable for airports of all sizes, for accidents (regardless of size, cause, and complexity) and for the duration of incidents that occur. General aviation airports, as with most airports, rely on their communities, mutual aid partners, and other stakeholders to assist them during these incidents, accidents, and events. Using the NIMS structure helps to integrate all these resources. It is important that staff is provided the appropriate training, including staff members who typically aren’t regarded as having emergency response responsibilities. Depending on the nature of the situation, staff members typically associated with administrative functions may need to provide support. Other airport tenants and mutual aid responders need to be integrated into an airport’s NIMS­based plans and response structure. System Planning Corporation, as part of ACRP Project 10­13, researched the benefits of integrating NIMS into airport emergency response plans, training staff, and how to coor­ dinate with their communities and mutual aid partners. This guidebook will be helpful to airports seeking to understand and integrate NIMS into their emergency response plans. F O R E W O R D By Marci A. Greenberger Staff Officer Transportation Research Board

1 Introduction 2 Chapter 1 Making Sense of NIMS and ICS 2 Differentiating NIMS from ICS 3 Why NIMS and ICS Are Important 5 Chapter 2 Integrating NIMS and ICS at Part 139 Airports 5 Establishing NIMS/ICS at Airports 7 Common Terminology 7 Differences Between FEMA ICS and ICS at Airports 14 EOCs at Airports 16 Large Airport EOC Considerations 17 Large Hub Part 139 EOC Assignments 19 Medium Hub/Small Hub/Non­Hub EOC Assignments 19 ICS Organization Chart Templates for All Contingencies 20 Involving On­ and Off­Airport Stakeholders in Planning and the AEP 22 Building and Better Defining the List of Resources Internal and External to the Airport 23 Chapter 3 NIMS Training 23 NIMS Training Sources 24 Tabletop and Functional Exercises 29 Chapter 4 Covering the Costs of Training 30 Possible DHS Grant Programs 33 Chapter 5 Best Practices and Successful Approaches Using NIMS and ICS 33 Planning 36 Chapter 6 Sustaining Involvement and Interest 36 Recognize the Reasons for Involvement 37 Clarify the Goals and What is Expected 37 Respect Everyone’s Time 37 All Should Be Heard 37 Add Some Fun and Reward Involvement 38 Allow for Some Failures 39 Chapter 7 GA Airports 39 Establishing NIMS/ICS at GA Airports 41 Common Terminology 42 Differences Between FEMA’s ICS and ICS at GA Airports 48 EOCs at GA Airports 49 GA Airport ICS Assignments C O N T E N T S

52 Involving On­ and Off­Airport Stakeholders in Planning 53 Continuity of Operations 55 Endnotes A-1 Appendix A General Mitchell International Airport Training Checklist and Matrix B-1 Appendix B ICS Organization Templates by Type of Incident C-1 Appendix C NIMS Training and Education Resource Contacts by State D-1 Appendix D Minneapolis-Saint Paul International Airport NIMS and ICS PowerPoint™ Training Course E-1 Appendix E Minneapolis-Saint Paul Airport Aviation Disaster Plan for Friends and Relatives Center F-1 Appendix F General Mitchell International Airport EOC Incident Management System G-1 Appendix G Sample ICS Training Course Outline— A 2-Day Course for Airports H-1 Appendix H Glossary of Acronyms Note: Many of the photographs, figures, and tables in this report have been converted from color to grayscale for printing. The electronic version of the report (posted on the Web at www.trb.org) retains the color versions.

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TRB Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Report 103: A Guidebook for Integrating NIMS for Personnel and Resources at Airports provides guidance for the integration of the National Incident Management System (NIMS) into airport response plans for incidents, accidents, and events.

The guidebook address common NIMS and incident command terminology; outlines incident command structures for various situations relative to their complexity; and includes sample plans from airports and training outlines.

In addition, a matrix of suggested training for airport staff was developed as part of the project that developed the guidebook. The Excel-based matrix is available for download from this site.

View the ACRP Impacts on Practice for this report.

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