Hydraulic Loss Coefficients for Culverts (2012)

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84 A p p e n d i x A Buried-Invert Culvert Outlet Control Experimental Data Set (Tabular Support Data for Chapter 2) Run Entrance Approach Control So Q Re Hw/D ke [%] [cfs] [] [] [] 1 Projecting Ponded Outlet -0.03 2.33 144,080 1.39 1.01 2 Projecting Ponded Outlet -0.03 2.94 186,528 2.87 1.00 3 Projecting Ponded Outlet -0.03 2.91 184,649 3.30 1.02 4 Projecting Ponded Outlet -0.03 2.03 128,463 0.67 0.89 5 Projecting Ponded Outlet -0.03 1.61 124,011 0.54 0.74 6 Projecting Ponded Outlet -0.03 2.37 146,466 1.20 1.01 7 Projecting Ponded Outlet -0.03 2.37 146,945 1.59 0.99 8 Projecting Ponded Outlet -0.03 2.59 161,546 2.04 1.03 9 Projecting Ponded Outlet -0.03 2.57 161,275 2.22 0.97 10 Projecting Ponded Outlet -0.03 3.56 227,285 3.07 1.01 11 Projecting Ponded Outlet -0.03 3.29 199,634 2.73 1.00 12 Projecting Ponded Outlet -0.03 2.97 178,177 1.91 1.02 13 Projecting Ponded Outlet -0.03 2.42 135,796 1.05 1.00 14 Projecting Channelized Outlet -0.03 3.04 184,238 3.29 0.93 15 Projecting Channelized Outlet -0.03 3.05 184,172 3.03 0.94 16 Projecting Channelized Outlet -0.03 2.80 168,712 2.03 0.88 17 Projecting Channelized Outlet -0.03 2.81 169,699 1.63 0.88 18 Projecting Channelized Outlet -0.03 2.35 133,975 1.02 0.74 19 Projecting Channelized Outlet -0.03 2.36 126,624 0.87 0.69 20 Projecting Channelized Outlet -0.03 1.66 125,411 0.54 0.59 21 Projecting Channelized Outlet -0.03 2.37 142,136 1.34 0.82 22 Projecting Channelized Outlet -0.03 2.57 152,428 2.31 0.91 Table A-1. Circular culvert, 20% buried-invert, outlet control performance data: thin-wall projecting end.

85 Run Entrance Approach Control So Q Re Hw/D ke [%] [cfs] [] [] [] 23 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.07 3.23 211,524 3.31 0.84 24 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.07 3.25 213,910 3.00 0.84 25 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.07 3.08 202,913 2.69 0.82 26 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.07 3.10 204,305 2.28 0.84 27 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.07 2.83 186,925 2.03 0.83 28 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.07 2.84 187,430 1.66 0.84 29 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.07 2.66 168,026 1.33 0.69 30 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.07 2.66 168,827 1.08 0.47 31 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.07 2.50 138,596 0.85 0.45 32 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.07 2.92 179,408 1.84 0.80 33 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.07 2.80 171,968 1.67 0.80 34 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.07 2.68 164,688 1.53 0.80 35 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.07 2.68 165,504 1.25 0.61 36 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.07 2.49 143,846 0.74 0.45 37 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.07 1.72 129,697 0.54 0.42 38 Mitered Channelized Outlet -0.07 3.22 206,689 3.34 0.86 39 Mitered Channelized Outlet -0.07 3.26 209,054 2.88 0.87 40 Mitered Channelized Outlet -0.07 3.10 199,373 2.50 0.84 41 Mitered Channelized Outlet -0.07 2.90 187,377 1.95 0.80 42 Mitered Channelized Outlet -0.07 2.84 170,919 1.59 0.81 43 Mitered Channelized Outlet -0.07 2.85 171,379 1.41 0.71 44 Mitered Channelized Outlet -0.07 2.65 140,381 0.97 0.48 45 Mitered Channelized Outlet -0.07 2.22 127,767 0.70 0.46 46 Mitered Channelized Outlet -0.07 2.47 150,241 1.17 0.55 Table A-2. Circular culvert, 20% buried-invert, outlet control performance data: mitered to 1.5H:1V fill slope with flush headwall. Run Entrance Approach Control So Q Re Hw/D ke [%] [cfs] [] [] [] 47 Square Ponded Outlet -0.03 1.79 131,963 0.54 0.37 48 Square Ponded Outlet -0.03 1.79 98,569 0.77 0.45 49 Square Ponded Outlet -0.03 2.10 114,775 0.87 0.47 50 Square Ponded Outlet -0.03 2.10 122,389 1.00 0.48 51 Square Ponded Outlet -0.03 2.10 134,065 1.42 0.60 52 Square Ponded Outlet -0.03 2.41 154,476 1.70 0.59 53 Square Ponded Outlet -0.03 2.60 167,238 2.01 0.53 54 Square Ponded Outlet -0.03 2.59 167,217 2.30 0.58 55 Square Ponded Outlet -0.03 2.87 185,191 2.61 0.52 56 Square Ponded Outlet -0.03 3.07 198,401 2.97 0.50 57 Square Ponded Outlet -0.03 3.06 196,876 3.27 0.59 58 Square Ponded Outlet -0.03 2.40 154,375 1.20 0.52 59 Square Ponded Outlet -0.03 1.96 120,571 0.66 0.44 Table A-3. Circular culvert, 20% buried-invert, outlet control performance data: square-edged entrance with vertical headwall.

86 Run Entrance Approach Control So Q Re Hw/D ke [%] [cfs] [] [] [] 60 Beveled Ponded Outlet -0.03 1.70 118,102 0.52 0.28 61 Beveled Ponded Outlet -0.03 1.80 101,398 0.63 0.29 62 Beveled Ponded Outlet -0.03 2.07 106,079 0.77 0.29 63 Beveled Ponded Outlet -0.03 2.57 131,142 0.98 0.32 64 Beveled Ponded Outlet -0.03 2.57 147,883 1.26 0.33 65 Beveled Ponded Outlet -0.03 2.74 159,107 1.57 0.38 66 Beveled Ponded Outlet -0.03 3.29 191,477 1.99 0.29 67 Beveled Ponded Outlet -0.03 3.28 191,383 2.34 0.33 68 Beveled Ponded Outlet -0.03 3.38 207,491 2.62 0.29 69 Beveled Ponded Outlet -0.03 3.37 206,504 2.95 0.32 70 Beveled Ponded Outlet -0.03 3.36 207,609 3.27 0.36 71 Beveled Channelized Outlet -0.03 1.71 124,950 0.52 0.30 72 Beveled Channelized Outlet -0.03 2.41 127,787 0.89 0.27 73 Beveled Channelized Outlet -0.03 2.56 157,588 1.38 0.31 74 Beveled Channelized Outlet -0.03 2.55 158,094 1.80 0.35 75 Beveled Channelized Outlet -0.03 3.09 192,936 2.50 0.36 76 Beveled Channelized Outlet -0.03 3.30 207,178 3.09 0.31 77 Beveled Channelized Outlet -0.03 1.71 130,181 0.52 0.29 Table A-4. Circular culvert, 20% buried-invert, outlet control performance data: 45 beveled entrance with vertical headwall. Run Entrance Approach Control So Q Re Hw/D ke [%] [cfs] [] [] [] 78 Projecting Ponded Outlet 0.06 3.35 266,792 4.45 0.98 79 Projecting Ponded Outlet 0.06 3.37 269,706 3.99 0.98 80 Projecting Ponded Outlet 0.06 2.88 238,967 2.91 0.97 81 Projecting Ponded Outlet 0.06 2.91 242,960 2.37 0.98 82 Projecting Ponded Outlet 0.06 2.69 225,463 1.85 0.96 83 Projecting Ponded Outlet 0.06 2.69 227,136 1.37 0.99 84 Projecting Ponded Outlet 0.06 0.49 69,263 0.31 0.70 85 Projecting Ponded Outlet 0.06 1.18 108,025 0.56 0.72 86 Projecting Ponded Outlet 0.06 1.18 82,591 0.79 0.95 87 Projecting Ponded Outlet 0.06 1.14 83,355 0.68 0.92 88 Projecting Ponded Outlet 0.06 1.14 90,978 0.61 0.85 89 Projecting Ponded Outlet 0.06 1.54 117,490 1.02 0.98 90 Projecting Ponded Outlet 0.06 2.57 210,282 3.41 0.94 91 Projecting Channelized Outlet 0.06 0.59 83,795 0.34 0.69 92 Projecting Channelized Outlet 0.06 1.11 96,301 0.60 0.75 93 Projecting Channelized Outlet 0.06 1.16 89,061 0.73 0.82 94 Projecting Channelized Outlet 0.06 1.23 91,047 0.92 0.81 95 Projecting Channelized Outlet 0.06 3.01 249,375 4.33 0.89 96 Projecting Channelized Outlet 0.06 3.03 248,722 3.69 0.91 97 Projecting Channelized Outlet 0.06 2.90 236,952 3.11 0.93 98 Projecting Channelized Outlet 0.06 2.88 235,721 2.56 0.89 99 Projecting Channelized Outlet 0.06 2.66 217,423 2.13 0.88 100 Projecting Channelized Outlet 0.06 2.43 196,101 1.65 0.86 101 Projecting Channelized Outlet 0.06 2.19 177,788 1.29 0.84 Table A-5. Circular culvert, 40% buried-invert, outlet control performance data: thin-wall projecting end.

87 Run Entrance Approach Control So Q Re Hw/D ke [%] [cfs] [] [] [] 119 Square Ponded Outlet 0.06 2.91 230,837 3.92 0.54 120 Square Ponded Outlet 0.06 2.84 225,447 3.14 0.54 121 Square Ponded Outlet 0.06 2.71 215,903 2.20 0.57 122 Square Ponded Outlet 0.06 2.25 180,232 1.44 0.56 123 Square Ponded Outlet 0.06 2.04 144,055 1.00 0.48 124 Square Ponded Outlet 0.06 0.90 96,160 0.44 0.42 125 Square Channelized Outlet 0.06 0.59 85,726 0.33 0.37 126 Square Channelized Outlet 0.06 0.93 79,957 0.56 0.44 127 Square Channelized Outlet 0.06 1.18 91,253 0.74 0.46 128 Square Channelized Outlet 0.06 1.23 92,643 0.93 0.46 129 Square Channelized Outlet 0.06 3.06 253,831 4.30 0.52 130 Square Channelized Outlet 0.06 2.92 238,786 3.75 0.53 131 Square Channelized Outlet 0.06 2.79 226,093 3.25 0.58 132 Square Channelized Outlet 0.06 2.71 220,042 2.78 0.56 133 Square Channelized Outlet 0.06 2.60 209,429 2.37 0.53 134 Square Channelized Outlet 0.06 2.19 176,261 1.78 0.52 135 Square Channelized Outlet 0.06 2.19 176,261 1.41 0.50 136 Square Channelized Outlet 0.06 2.08 167,677 1.22 0.53 Table A-7. Circular culvert, 40% buried-invert, outlet control performance data: square-edged entrance with vertical headwall. Run Entrance Approach Control So Q Re Hw/D ke [%] [cfs] [] [] [] 102 Mitered Ponded Outlet 0.13 3.09 258,396 4.24 0.92 103 Mitered Ponded Outlet 0.13 2.90 239,491 3.64 0.88 104 Mitered Ponded Outlet 0.13 2.91 241,037 3.11 0.89 105 Mitered Ponded Outlet 0.13 2.59 215,596 2.55 0.92 106 Mitered Ponded Outlet 0.13 2.45 203,797 1.98 0.88 107 Mitered Ponded Outlet 0.13 2.19 185,037 1.46 0.78 108 Mitered Ponded Outlet 0.13 2.02 170,710 1.11 0.65 109 Mitered Ponded Outlet 0.13 1.77 138,340 0.74 0.50 110 Mitered Ponded Outlet 0.13 0.84 101,894 0.42 0.48 111 Mitered Channelized Outlet 0.13 0.85 103,010 0.42 0.49 112 Mitered Channelized Outlet 0.13 1.79 135,485 0.80 0.56 113 Mitered Channelized Outlet 0.13 3.10 268,043 4.13 0.93 114 Mitered Channelized Outlet 0.13 2.97 257,098 3.44 0.91 115 Mitered Channelized Outlet 0.13 2.70 234,841 2.88 0.88 116 Mitered Channelized Outlet 0.13 2.49 216,664 2.25 0.89 117 Mitered Channelized Outlet 0.13 2.23 194,298 1.76 0.82 118 Mitered Channelized Outlet 0.13 1.65 143,644 1.29 0.74 Table A-6. Circular culvert, 40% buried-invert, outlet control performance data: mitered to 1.5H:1V fill slope with flush headwall.

88 Run Entrance Approach Control So Q Re Hw/D ke [%] [cfs] [] [] [] 153 Projecting Ponded Outlet -0.05 2.82 290,162 5.21 0.93 154 Projecting Ponded Outlet -0.05 2.43 241,114 2.72 0.94 155 Projecting Ponded Outlet -0.05 2.13 212,309 1.83 1.02 156 Projecting Ponded Outlet -0.05 1.90 187,794 1.41 0.97 157 Projecting Ponded Outlet -0.05 1.71 143,237 1.01 0.86 158 Projecting Ponded Outlet -0.05 0.93 86,638 0.67 0.82 159 Projecting Ponded Outlet -0.05 0.50 74,117 0.39 0.59 160 Projecting Ponded Outlet -0.05 2.17 212,436 2.52 0.95 161 Projecting Ponded Outlet -0.05 3.04 295,473 2.69 0.94 162 Projecting Ponded Outlet -0.05 3.00 291,625 3.59 0.95 163 Projecting Ponded Outlet -0.05 2.89 302,711 5.14 0.94 164 Projecting Channelized Outlet -0.05 2.88 292,982 5.13 0.93 165 Projecting Channelized Outlet -0.05 2.63 268,134 4.23 0.93 166 Projecting Channelized Outlet -0.05 2.51 259,473 3.22 0.97 167 Projecting Channelized Outlet -0.05 2.24 232,673 2.54 0.89 168 Projecting Channelized Outlet -0.05 1.98 205,514 1.88 0.84 169 Projecting Channelized Outlet -0.05 1.87 194,929 1.39 0.78 170 Projecting Channelized Outlet -0.05 1.71 151,952 0.99 0.67 171 Projecting Channelized Outlet -0.05 1.10 106,431 0.71 0.61 172 Projecting Channelized Outlet -0.05 0.57 99,448 0.42 0.57 Table A-9. Circular culvert, 50% buried-invert, outlet control performance data: thin-wall projecting end. Run Entrance Approach Control So Q Re Hw/D ke [%] [cfs] [] [] [] 137 Beveled Ponded Outlet 0.06 3.09 247,643 3.94 0.36 138 Beveled Ponded Outlet 0.06 2.68 214,681 2.80 0.34 139 Beveled Ponded Outlet 0.06 2.43 196,463 2.03 0.36 140 Beveled Ponded Outlet 0.06 2.00 162,025 1.18 0.34 141 Beveled Ponded Outlet 0.06 1.11 89,990 0.58 0.29 142 Beveled Channelized Outlet 0.06 0.54 80,205 0.30 0.28 143 Beveled Channelized Outlet 0.06 0.96 79,175 0.60 0.33 144 Beveled Channelized Outlet 0.06 1.22 93,759 0.92 0.31 145 Beveled Channelized Outlet 0.06 3.08 254,821 4.28 0.34 146 Beveled Channelized Outlet 0.06 2.95 244,404 3.62 0.34 147 Beveled Channelized Outlet 0.06 2.82 234,228 3.04 0.34 148 Beveled Channelized Outlet 0.06 2.57 214,781 2.43 0.34 149 Beveled Channelized Outlet 0.06 2.34 195,939 1.92 0.35 150 Beveled Channelized Outlet 0.06 2.81 240,975 3.12 0.34 151 Beveled Channelized Outlet 0.06 2.09 177,425 1.49 0.33 152 Beveled Channelized Outlet 0.06 1.86 158,831 1.22 0.36 Table A-8. Circular culvert, 40% buried-invert, outlet control performance data: 45 beveled entrance with vertical headwall.

89 Run Entrance Approach Control So Q Re Hw/D ke [%] [cfs] [] [] [] 173 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.002 3.04 242,818 5.36 0.87 174 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.002 2.88 226,352 4.56 0.88 175 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.002 2.72 213,581 3.84 0.89 176 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.002 2.53 198,654 3.10 0.90 177 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.002 2.32 182,518 2.44 0.92 178 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.002 2.33 182,501 2.04 0.88 179 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.002 2.07 164,743 1.60 0.83 180 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.002 1.98 146,411 1.15 0.58 181 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.002 2.41 193,048 1.32 0.66 182 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.002 2.47 198,664 1.50 0.76 183 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.002 2.04 141,679 1.01 0.48 184 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.002 1.47 116,003 0.75 0.43 185 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.002 1.78 133,178 0.86 0.44 186 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.002 1.07 93,341 0.61 0.47 187 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.002 0.61 67,981 0.42 0.54 188 Mitered Channelized Outlet -0.002 3.06 244,526 5.22 0.89 189 Mitered Channelized Outlet -0.002 2.72 217,068 4.29 0.89 190 Mitered Channelized Outlet -0.002 2.74 218,091 3.52 0.87 191 Mitered Channelized Outlet -0.002 2.53 200,746 2.75 0.87 192 Mitered Channelized Outlet -0.002 2.31 183,993 1.76 0.75 193 Mitered Channelized Outlet -0.002 2.20 175,889 1.24 0.66 194 Mitered Channelized Outlet -0.002 1.51 114,907 0.78 0.49 195 Mitered Channelized Outlet -0.002 2.31 184,737 1.78 0.78 196 Mitered Channelized Outlet -0.002 0.60 66,599 0.42 0.57 Table A-10. Circular culvert, 50% buried-invert, outlet control performance data: mitered to 1.5H:1V fill slope with flush headwall. Run Entrance Approach Control So Q Re Hw/D ke [%] [cfs] [] [] [] 197 Square Ponded Outlet -0.05 3.04 305,469 5.28 0.55 198 Square Ponded Outlet -0.05 2.83 279,609 4.05 0.55 199 Square Ponded Outlet -0.05 2.63 258,347 3.08 0.55 200 Square Ponded Outlet -0.05 2.40 235,837 2.08 0.57 201 Square Ponded Outlet -0.05 2.13 210,717 1.51 0.54 202 Square Ponded Outlet -0.05 1.94 192,266 1.23 0.51 203 Square Ponded Outlet -0.05 1.09 97,380 0.75 0.38 204 Square Channelized Outlet -0.05 0.78 95,564 0.49 0.30 205 Square Channelized Outlet -0.05 1.18 100,378 0.88 0.38 206 Square Channelized Outlet -0.05 2.86 282,632 4.72 0.53 207 Square Channelized Outlet -0.05 2.55 254,699 3.62 0.54 208 Square Channelized Outlet -0.05 2.25 226,178 2.59 0.53 209 Square Channelized Outlet -0.05 1.96 198,590 1.73 0.52 210 Square Channelized Outlet -0.05 1.65 168,536 1.24 0.49 Table A-11. Circular culvert, 50% buried-invert, outlet control performance data: square-edged entrance with vertical headwall.

90 Run Entrance Approach Control So Q Re Hw/D ke [%] [cfs] [] [] [] 211 Beveled Ponded Outlet -0.05 2.91 278,577 4.60 0.32 212 Beveled Ponded Outlet -0.05 2.38 227,166 3.16 0.32 213 Beveled Ponded Outlet -0.05 2.07 200,429 1.75 0.32 214 Beveled Ponded Outlet -0.05 1.63 136,677 1.00 0.28 215 Beveled Channelized Outlet -0.05 1.19 109,573 0.72 0.23 216 Beveled Channelized Outlet -0.05 0.87 100,060 0.53 0.23 217 Beveled Channelized Outlet -0.05 0.65 86,985 0.43 0.22 218 Beveled Channelized Outlet -0.05 2.95 292,240 4.96 0.31 219 Beveled Channelized Outlet -0.05 2.97 285,311 4.23 0.31 220 Beveled Channelized Outlet -0.05 2.80 267,199 3.52 0.32 221 Beveled Channelized Outlet -0.05 2.57 245,232 2.77 0.33 222 Beveled Channelized Outlet -0.05 2.40 229,340 2.07 0.33 223 Beveled Channelized Outlet -0.05 1.94 185,837 1.45 0.33 224 Beveled Channelized Outlet -0.05 1.55 126,729 0.98 0.28 Table A-12. Circular culvert, 50% buried-invert, outlet control performance data: 45 beveled entrance with vertical headwall. Run Entrance Approach Control So Q Re Hw/D ke [%] [cfs] [] [] [] 225 Projecting ponded Outlet -0.10 0.76 75,563 0.46 0.88 226 Projecting Ponded Outlet -0.10 1.00 81,463 0.55 0.92 227 Projecting Ponded Outlet -0.10 1.12 83,073 1.42 1.17 228 Projecting Ponded Outlet -0.10 1.26 90,761 0.67 0.86 229 Projecting Ponded Outlet -0.10 1.26 81,181 1.00 1.07 230 Projecting Ponded Outlet -0.10 1.26 76,031 0.85 0.88 231 Projecting Ponded Outlet -0.10 2.08 158,758 3.81 1.06 232 Projecting Ponded Outlet -0.10 2.10 160,346 3.19 1.11 233 Projecting Ponded Outlet -0.10 2.10 160,991 1.44 1.13 234 Projecting Ponded Outlet -0.10 2.16 166,013 2.31 1.13 235 Projecting Ponded Outlet -0.10 4.16 317,434 3.07 1.14 236 Projecting Ponded Outlet -0.10 4.16 317,434 4.06 1.09 237 Projecting Ponded Outlet -0.10 4.20 320,793 2.09 1.11 238 Projecting Channelized Outlet -0.10 0.81 76,905 0.47 0.53 239 Projecting Channelized Outlet -0.10 1.15 86,739 1.44 0.90 240 Projecting Channelized Outlet -0.10 1.23 86,606 0.65 0.56 241 Projecting Channelized Outlet -0.10 1.26 74,669 0.91 0.67 242 Projecting Channelized Outlet -0.10 2.14 153,170 1.27 0.82 243 Projecting Channelized Outlet -0.10 2.24 164,813 3.56 1.00 244 Projecting Channelized Outlet -0.10 2.27 162,675 1.81 0.88 245 Projecting Channelized Outlet -0.10 2.28 166,933 3.03 0.99 246 Projecting Channelized Outlet -0.10 2.29 167,630 2.54 0.88 247 Projecting Channelized Outlet -0.10 4.13 308,724 4.05 1.04 248 Projecting Channelized Outlet -0.10 4.37 326,472 3.08 1.05 Table A-13. Elliptical culvert, 50% buried-invert, outlet control performance data: thin-wall projecting end.

91 Run Entrance Approach Control So Q Re Hw/D ke [%] [cfs] [] [] [] 249 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.08 0.76 93,677 0.44 0.53 250 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.08 1.11 89,648 0.66 0.55 251 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.08 1.16 84,743 0.75 0.43 252 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.08 1.47 103,778 0.86 0.40 253 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.08 1.53 116,969 0.99 0.48 254 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.08 1.53 135,452 1.23 0.70 255 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.08 1.54 136,668 1.82 0.77 256 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.08 1.54 136,894 1.52 0.76 257 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.08 1.54 138,246 2.24 0.84 258 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.08 1.54 138,696 2.72 0.93 259 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.08 2.06 176,340 3.40 0.89 260 Mitered Ponded Outlet -0.08 2.82 241,278 4.85 0.87 261 Mitered Channelized Outlet -0.08 0.90 108,368 0.49 0.55 262 Mitered Channelized Outlet -0.08 1.16 97,738 0.67 0.56 263 Mitered Channelized Outlet -0.08 1.86 135,285 0.90 0.49 264 Mitered Channelized Outlet -0.08 2.39 217,185 1.68 0.73 265 Mitered Channelized Outlet -0.08 2.39 200,197 1.14 0.51 266 Mitered Channelized Outlet -0.08 3.06 264,096 4.50 0.93 267 Mitered Channelized Outlet -0.08 3.08 275,319 3.57 0.93 268 Mitered Channelized Outlet -0.08 3.09 277,915 3.08 0.92 269 Mitered Channelized Outlet -0.08 3.12 281,639 2.04 0.82 Table A-14. Elliptical culvert, 50% buried-invert, outlet control performance data: mitered to 1.5H:1V fill slope with flush headwall. Run Entrance Approach Control So Q Re Hw/D ke [%] [cfs] [] [] [] 270 Square ponded Outlet -0.10 0.67 83,222 0.42 0.51 271 Square ponded Outlet -0.10 0.94 81,360 1.46 0.62 272 Square ponded Outlet -0.10 1.13 82,260 0.78 0.41 273 Square ponded Outlet -0.10 1.15 83,106 0.90 0.48 274 Square ponded Outlet -0.10 1.89 162,909 2.25 0.65 275 Square ponded Outlet -0.10 2.01 164,137 0.81 0.43 276 Square ponded Outlet -0.10 2.10 160,991 4.11 0.55 277 Square ponded Outlet -0.10 2.15 163,586 2.77 0.61 278 Square ponded Outlet -0.10 2.16 163,305 1.40 0.60 279 Square ponded Outlet -0.10 3.68 317,283 2.87 0.63 280 Square ponded Outlet -0.10 3.95 298,202 2.98 0.60 281 Square ponded Outlet -0.10 4.22 318,557 4.67 0.59 282 Square ponded Outlet -0.10 4.28 322,636 3.94 0.61 283 Square ponded Outlet -0.10 4.32 327,195 2.23 0.60 284 Square channelized Outlet -0.10 0.69 80,245 0.42 0.51 285 Square channelized Outlet -0.10 1.01 83,402 0.62 0.46 286 Square channelized Outlet -0.10 1.05 88,154 1.14 0.44 287 Square channelized Outlet -0.10 1.05 88,205 1.71 0.61 288 Square channelized Outlet -0.10 1.10 79,699 0.77 0.41 289 Square channelized Outlet -0.10 1.14 82,359 0.92 0.43 290 Square channelized Outlet -0.10 2.08 160,991 4.12 0.62 291 Square channelized Outlet -0.10 2.10 163,295 1.23 0.57 292 Square channelized Outlet -0.10 2.11 164,445 1.97 0.59 293 Square channelized Outlet -0.10 4.09 317,972 3.41 0.61 294 Square channelized Outlet -0.10 4.16 323,170 2.51 0.56 Table A-15. Elliptical culvert, 50% buried-invert, outlet control performance data: square-edged entrance with vertical headwall.

92 Run Entrance Approach Control So Q Re Hw/D ke [%] [cfs] [] [] [] 295 Square ponded Outlet -0.10 2.07 165,222 4.37 0.31 296 Square ponded Outlet -0.10 2.09 165,305 3.05 0.33 297 Square ponded Outlet -0.10 2.10 166,534 1.85 0.32 298 Square ponded Outlet -0.10 2.04 161,140 1.19 0.34 299 Square ponded Outlet -0.10 2.18 154,966 0.84 0.23 300 Square ponded Outlet -0.10 4.13 327,122 4.60 0.28 301 Square ponded Outlet -0.10 4.16 330,139 2.54 0.31 302 Square ponded Outlet -0.10 0.67 77,117 0.41 0.32 303 Square ponded Outlet -0.10 1.16 81,312 0.74 0.24 304 Square ponded Outlet -0.10 1.00 81,215 1.29 0.32 305 Square channelized Outlet -0.10 1.03 79,781 1.75 0.37 306 Square channelized Outlet -0.10 1.06 80,856 1.06 0.31 307 Square channelized Outlet -0.10 1.22 78,644 0.90 0.32 308 Square channelized Outlet -0.10 1.00 76,366 0.61 0.29 309 Square channelized Outlet -0.10 2.56 172,361 1.11 0.30 310 Square channelized Outlet -0.10 2.08 159,797 1.78 0.35 311 Square channelized Outlet -0.10 2.11 161,526 2.68 0.36 312 Square channelized Outlet -0.10 4.32 329,855 3.88 0.30 313 Square channelized Outlet -0.10 4.46 340,253 2.20 0.32 Table A-16. Elliptical culvert, 50% buried-invert, outlet control performance data: 45 beveled entrance with vertical headwall.