Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.
Abbreviations (Chapter 26), 26-1 in Messages, 13-8, 13-9, 19-7, 19-8, 19-9 in Pavement Markings, 20-5 Accessible Pedestrian Signals (APS), 11-8, 11-9 AMBER Alert, 19-2, 23-1 Apparent Radius, 6-4, 6-5 Approach Sight Triangles, 5-7 Arrow Panels, 13-4 thru 13-7 Arrow-per-lane (APL) Signs, 12-10, 12-11 Arrow-per-Lane Sign Design to Support Driver Navigation, 12-10 Behavioral Framework for Speeding, 17-2 Bicycles/Bicycle Riders, 3-4, 4-1, 5-15, 16-6, 16-7, 17-6, 20-6, 20-7, 20-10, 20-11, 22-13 Bilingual Information, 19-14, 19-15 Blank-out/Blanking, 11-4, 11-5, 19-3, 19-10, 19-11, 19-13, 22-45, 22-46 Bulbout, 15-2, 15-3 Caution Mode Configuration for Arrow Panels, 13-6 Changeable/Variable Message Sign or CMS/VMS, 2-1, 3-4, 4-4, 11-5 Changeable Message Signs (Chapter 19), 19-1 Changeable Message Signs, for Work Zones, 13-8 Message Length, 13-8, 13-9, 19-3, 19-6, 19-7, 19-9, 19-15, 22-43 Phases, 13-8 Speed Limits, 13-12, 13-13, 17-12, 17-13 Characteristics of Effective Lighting at Intersections, 21-12 Characteristics of Lighting that Enhance Pedestrian Visibility, 21-10 Clearance Interval, 11-6, 17-14, 17-15, 22-38 Crosswalk, 11-8, 11-9 Clearing Distance, 11-7 Closed-Loop Compensatory Component, 6-8, 6-9 Complexity of Sign Information, 18-10 Composing a Message to Maximize Comprehension, 19-8 Conspicuity, 3-10, 18-6, 18-7 Conspicuity of Diamond Warning Signs under Nighttime Conditions, 18-6 Construction and Work Zones (Chapter 13), 13-1 Counterbeam Lighting, 21-7 Countermeasures, 2-1 Countermeasures for Improving Accessibility for Vision-Impaired Pedestrians at Signalized Intersections, 11-8 25-1 C H A P T E R 25 Index Countermeasures for Improving Accessibility of Vision-Impaired Pedestrians at Roundabouts, 10-10 Countermeasures for Improving Pedestrian Conspicuity at Crosswalks, 21-8 Countermeasures for Improving Steering and Vehicle Control Through Curves, 6-8 Countermeasures for Mitigating Headlamp Glare, 21-2 Countermeasures for Pavement/Shoulder Drop-offs, 16-4 Countermeasures to Improve Pavement Delineation, 6-10 Countermeasures to Reduce Gate-Rushing at Crossings with Two-Quadrant Gates, 14-10 Engineering Countermeasures to Reduce Red Light Running, 11-2 Speeding Countermeasures: Communicating Appropriate Speed Limits, 17-12 Speeding Countermeasures: Setting Appropriate Speed Limits, 17-10 Speeding Countermeasures: Using Roadway Design and Traffic Control Elements to Address Speeding Problems, 17-14 Cross Section, 3-3, 3-5, 4-1, 5-12, 17-7 Cross Slope, 5-12, 6-5 Crossbuck, 14-4, 14-5, 14-12, 14-13 Crosswalks, 5-5, 10-11, 20-6, 20-7, 20-11 Curve Advisory Speed Limits, 6-6 Curves, 3-6, 5-5, 5-13, 5-16, 6-2 thru 6-7, 6-9, 6-12, 13-4, 16-9, 17-5, 17-7, 17-14, 17-15, 20-3, 20-8, 20-9 Advisory Speed Limits, 6-6 Countermeasures for Improving Steering and Vehicle Control Through Curves, 6-8 Curves (Horizontal Alignment) (Chapter 6), 6-1 Detailed Task Analysis of Curve Driving (Tutorial 3), 22-35 Delineators, 20-8, 20-9 Drop-off, 16-5 Entry/Approach, 6-2 thru 6-5, 6-9, 6-11, 6-12 Horizontal, 16-9, 17-5, 17-7, 17-12, 20-3 thru 20-5, 20-9, 22-35, 22-45 Crest, 6-5, 20-5 Sag, 6-3 thru 6-5 Vertical, 3-6, 5-5, 5-12, 5-16, 6-5, 6-7, 13-4, 22-45 Crest, 3-3, 3-6, 5-5, 6-5, 20-5, 22-15 Sag, 6-4, 6-5 Daytime Lighting Requirements for Tunnel Entrance Lighting, 21-6
Decibel (dB or dBA) Level, 16-6, 16-7 Departure Sight Triangles, 5-7 Design Considerations for Turnouts on Grades, 7-2 Design Consistency, 6-2, 6-3, 6-5 thru 6-9, 16-8, 16-9, 17-15 Design Consistency in Rural Driving, 16-8 Determining Appropriate Message Length, 19-6 Determining Intersection Sight Distance, 5-6 Determining Passing Sight Distance, 5-10 Determining Stopping Sight Distance, 5-4 Determining When to Use Decision Sight Distance, 5-8 Determining Work Zone Speed Limits, 13-12 Dilemma Zone, 11-6, 11-7, 14-6, 14-9 Displaying Messages with Dynamic Characteristics, 19-10 Distracted/Drowsy/Fatigued/Inattentive Driver, 6-11, 11-7, 16-6, 16-7, 17-3, 18-5, 20-3, 22-7 Driver Behavioral Trends Based on Exit Ramp Geometry, 12-12 Driver Compliance Posted Speed, 13-13, 17-6, 17-8, 17-9, 17-11, 19-3 Driving Restrictions, 11-5 Driver Comprehension of Signs, 18-8 Driver Expectations at Freeway Lane Drops and Lane Reductions, 12-6 Driver Fatigue, 8-4, 8-5 Driver Information Needs at Complex Interchanges, 12-8 Driver Information Needs at Passive Rail-Highway Grade Crossings, 14-4 Drop-off Lane, 16-3, 20-4, 20-5 Pavement/Shoulder, 16-4, 16-5 Dynamic Characteristics/Text, 19-4, 19-5, 19-10, 19-11, 22-45 Dynamic Message Sign or DMS, see Changeable Message Signs Edge Line, 6-8 thru 6-11, 6-13, 20-3 Effectiveness of Symbolic Markings, 20-4 Effects of Posted Speed Limits on Speed Decisions, 17-8 Effects of Roadway Factors on Speed, 17-6 Engineering Countermeasures to Reduce Red Light Running, 11-2 Equations (Chapter 27), 27-1 Factors Affecting Acceptable Gap, 10-4 Fatal Accident Reporting System (FARS), 6-7, 11-3 Four-Quadrant Gate Timing at Rail-Highway Grade Crossings, 14-8 Foveal Vision, 20-3, 20-5 Free-flow Speed, 17-6 thru 17-10 Gap, 3-2, 3-4, 5-6, 5-7, 5-11, 5-18, 6-6, 6-10, 6-11, 10-4, 10-5, 10-10, 10-11, 17-5, 17-15, 18-3, 22-4, 22-40, 22-42 Acceptable Gap Distance, 10-2, 10-3 Critical Gap, 10-3, 10-4 Factors Affecting Acceptable Gap, 10-4 Rumble Strip Marking, 16-6, 16-7 General Principles for Sign Legends, 18-2 Geometric and Signing Considerations to Support Effective Use of Truck Escape Ramps, 7-4 Glare, 3-3, 3-4, 5-3, 5-4, 10-4, 10-5, 18-5, 20-2, 20-3, 21-2 thru 21-4, 21-6, 21-7, 21-10 thru 21-13, 22-6 HFG INDEX Version 2.0 25-2 Glossary (Chapter 24), 24-1 Grades (Vertical Alignment) (Chapter 7), 7-1 Haptic or Tactile Alert/Cue, 6-11, 11-8, 11-9, 16-6, 16-7, 16-9, 17-4 HAWK Signals, 15-2 Hazard/Hazardous Event or Object, 3-5, 3-6, 5-2 thru 5-5, 5-13, 5-16, 6-3, 10-4, 10-11, 16-7, 17-15, 18-3, 18-8, 18-9, 19-12, 19-13, 22-3 thru 22-7, 22-9, 22-11 thru 22-23, 22-25 thru 22-31, 22-35 Heavy Truck(s), 1-2, 3-1, 6-13, 11-4, 16-6, 16-7, 17-10, 17-11 Heuristics for Selecting the Yellow Timing Interval, 11-6 Highway Systems, 3-1 Human Factors Considerations in Traffic Control Device Selection at Rail-Highway Grade Crossings, 14-12 Influence of Speed on Sight Distance, 5-12 Information Units, 18-10, 18-11, 19-3, 19-6, 19-7, 19-9 thru 19-11, 22-43 thru 22-48 Interchanges (Chapter 12), 12-1 Key Components of Sight Distance, 5-2 Key References for Sight Distance Information, 5-14 Legibility Distance, 13-9 thru 13-11, 18-3, 18-5, 19-3 thru 19-5, 19-7, 22-21, 22-23, 22-24, 22-26, 22-29 thru 22-34, 22-41 thru 22-44 Legibility Index, 13-10, 18-3, 18-4, 22-31, 22-32, 22-41 Lighting (Chapter 21), 21-1 Looming, 10-3, 19-10, 19-11 Luminous Intensity, 13-4, 20-2 Lux, 20-2, 20-3 Maneuver Time (MT), 5-2 thru 5-5, 5-8, 5-9, 5-11, 5-14 thru 5-16, 5-18, 22-2, 22-3, 22-6, 22-7, 22-9, 22-23, 22-24, 22-30, 22-31, 22-33 Markings (Chapter 20), 20-1 Effectiveness of Symbolic Markings, 20-4 Lane/Pavement/Roadway, 5-8, 5-9, 6-2, 6-3, 6-10, 6-11, 11-4, 16-2, 16-3, 16-7, 16-8, 17-4, 17-13, 20-2 thru 20-5, 20-7, 20-11, 22-12, 22-24, 22-36 Markings for Pedestrian and Bicyclist Safety, 20-6 Markings for Roundabouts, 20-10 Post-Mounted Delineators, 20-8 Raised, 6-2, 6-3, 6-10, 6-11, 6-13 Visibility of Lane Markings, 20-2 Mean Deceleration Level, 5-4 Mental Models, 16-9 Methods to Reduce Driver Speeds in School Zones, 15-6 Methods to Increase Compliance at Uncontrolled Crosswalks, 15-4 Methods to Increase Driver Yielding at Uncontrolled Crosswalks, 15-2 Most Meaningful Information or MMI, 3-5, 3-6, 3-9, 3-10, 4-2 Night Arrow Panel Specifications, 13-4, 13-5 Perception-Reaction Time or PRT, 5-3, 5-11 Legibility/Visibility, 18-4 thru 18-7, 19-4, 19-5, 20-3, 20-5, 20-7, 22-43, 22-44 Markings, 20-8, 20-9 Speed, 17-4, 17-5, 17-15, 20-5 Vertical Crests, 3-3
25-3 HFG INDEX Version 2.0 Nighttime Driving, 21-4, 21-5, 21-9 Visibility, 12-5, 21-13 Non-signalized Intersections (Chapter 10), 10-1 Older Drivers, 1-2, 5-3 Perception-Reaction Time or PRT, 5-5 Sight Distance, 5-9, 5-11, 5-14, 5-15, 10-6 thru 10-9 Gap Acceptance, 10-3 thru 10-5 Signs, 13-10, 17-13, 18-4, 18-7, 19-5, 22-41 Open-Loop Anticipatory Control Process, 6-8, 6-9 Optic Flow, 17-4, 17-5 Overview of Driver Alertness on Long Tangent Sections, 8-4 Overview of Work Zone Crashes, 13-2 Passing Lanes, 16-2 Pedestrians, 1-2, 3-1, 3-5, 4-2, 4-4, 5-14, 5-15, 10-4, 22-6, 22-13 Countermeasures for Improving Accessibility for Vision-Impaired Pedestrians at Roundabouts, 10-10 Driving Speed, 17-6, 17-7, 17-11, 17-13 Markings, 20-10, 20-11 Markings for Pedestrian and Bicyclist Safety, 20-6 Restricting Right Turns on Red to Address Pedestrian Safety, 11-4 Sight Distance, 5-5, 5-12, 5-13 Vision-Impaired, 10-10, 10-11, 11-4, 11-5, 11-8, 11-9 Yellow Timing Interval, 11-6 Perception-Reaction Time or PRT, 3-5, 5-2 thru 5-5, 5-8, 5-9, 5-11, 5-12, 5-14, 5-15, 11-6, 22-2 thru 22-4, 22-6, 22-7, 22-9, 22-11, 22-19, 22-23, 22-24, 22-30 thru 22-34 Perceptual and Physical Elements to Support Rural-Urban Transitions, 9-2 Point of Expansion, 17-5 Posted Speed, 17-3, 17-4, 17-6, 17-7, 17-10 thru 17-13, 18-8, 22-36 Driver Compliance, 13-13, 17-6, 17-8, 17-9, 17-11, 19-3 Effects of Posted Speed Limits on Speed Decisions, 17-8 Post-Mounted Delineators or PMDs, 6-11, 20-8 Presentation of Bilingual Information, 19-14 Presentation to Maximize Visibility and Legibility, 19-4 Preview Sight Distance and Grade Perception at Vertical Curves, 7-6 Preview Sight Distance or PVSD, 7-6 Procedures to Ensure Proper Arrow Panel Visibility, 13-4 Rail-Highway Grade Crossings (Chapter 14), 14-1 Four-Quadrant Gates, 14-6, 14-8 thru 14-11 Gate-rushing, 14-3, 14-9 thru 14-11, 14-13 Two-Quadrant Gates, 14-6, 14-9 thru 14-11 Red Light Running, 11-6, 17-5 Engineering Countermeasures to Reduce Red Light Running, 11-2 Reducing Wrong-Way Entries onto Freeway Exit Ramps, 12-4 References (Chapter 23), 23-1 Restricting Right Turns on Red to Address Pedestrian Safety, 11-4 Retroreflectivity, 6-10, 6-11, 6-13, 13-10, 13-11, 18-4, 18-6, 20-2, 20-3, 20-8, 20-11 Right Turn(s) on Red, 11-4 Restricting Right Turns on Red to Address Pedestrian Safety, 11-4 Roundabout Intersections, 5-18 Markings for Roundabouts, 20-10 Countermeasures for Improving Accessibility of Vision-Impaired Pedestrians at Roundabouts, 10-10 Route Markers, 16-8, 20-5 Rumble Strips, 6-10, 6-11, 16-6, 17-12, 17-13 Safety Edge, 16-5 Self-Explaining Roads, 3-4, 3-10 Serial Processing, 22-5, 22-33 Shared-Use Lanes, 20-6, 20-7, 20-11 Sharrows, 20-7 Shoulder/Roadway Shoulder, 6-9, 16-4, 16-6, 16-7, 17-6, 17-13, 20-3, 20-6 Sight Distance or SD, 16-8, 17-14, 17-15, 19-7, 20-7 Horizontal Curves, 6-6 Decision Sight Distance or DSD, 5-8, 5-9, 5-12, 5-14, 5-16, 5-18, 22-2, 22-9, 22-11, 22-13, 22-15, 22-16, 22-22 thru 22-29 Intersection Sight Distance or ISD, 3-5, 5-6, 5-7, 5-12, 5-14, 5-18, 10-2, 10-3,10-7, 22-9, 22-11, 22-17, 22-22, 22-24, 22-30 Key Components of Sight Distance, 5-2 Key References for Sight Distance Information, 5-14 Passing Sight Distance or PSD, 5-10 thru 5-12, 5-14, 5-16, 22-9, 22-11, 22-17, 22-22, 22-24 Sight Distance Considerations for Urban Bus Stop Locations, 15-10 Sight Distance Guidelines (Chapter 5), 5-1 Sight Distance at Left-Skewed Intersections, 10-6 Sight Distance at Right-Skewed Intersections, 10-8 Stopping Sight Distance or SSD, 2-3, 2-4, 5-4 thru 5-6, 5-8, 5-12, 5-14, 5-16, 5-18, 6-6, 22-9, 22-11, 22-13, 22-16, 22-17, 22-22, 22-24, 22-30, 22-31, 22-33 Where to Find Sight Distance Information for Intersections, 5-18 Where to Find Sight Distance Information for Specific Roadway Features, 5-16 Sign(s), 22-36 Comprehension, 18-8, 22-21, 22-23, 22-24, 22-29 thru 22-33 Complexity, 5-3, 11-9, 13-11, 22-23 Sign Design to Improve Legibility, 18-4 Presentation to Maximize Visibility and Legibility, 19-4 Sign Legibility, 13-10, 18-4, 18-5, 18-8, 18-9, 19-3, 19-4, 19-5, 19-7, 19-15 Index, 13-10, 18-3, 22-31, 22-32 Distance, 13-9 thru 13-11, 18-3, 18-5, 19-3 thru 19-5, 19-7, 22-21, 22-23, 22-24, 22-26, 22-29 thru 22-34, 22-41 thru 22-44 Signage and Markings for High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Lanes, 15-8 Signalized Intersections (Chapter 11), 11-1 Signing (Chapter 18), 18-1 Signs on Horizontal Curves, 6-12 Special Considerations for Rural Environments (Chapter 16), 16-1 Special Considerations for Urban Environments (Chapter 15), 15-1
Speed Limits, 3-3, 3-6, 5-13, 6-6 Differential, 17-10, 17-11 Work Zone, 13-12, 13-13, 17-12, 17-13, 19-12, 19-13 Speed Perception and Driving Speed, 17-4 Speed Perception, Speed Choice, and Speed Control (Chapter 17), 17-1 Speed Selection, 3-5, 5-3, 6-3 thru 6-7, 17-2, 22-4, 22-13, 22-36 Speed Selection on Horizontal Curves, 6-6 Speeding Countermeasures: Communicating Appropriate Speed Limits, 17-12 Speeding Countermeasures: Setting Appropriate Speed Limits, 17-10 Speeding Countermeasures: Using Roadway Design and Traffic Control Elements to Address Speeding Problems, 17-14 Tactile or Haptic Alert/Cue, 6-11, 11-8, 11-9, 16-6, 16-7, 16-9, 17-4 Tangent Sections and Roadside (Cross Section) (Chapter 8), 8-1 Task Analysis, 6-2, 6-3, 11-7, 22-35, 22-36 Curve Driving, 6-2 Driver Merging Behavior at Freeway Entrance Ramps, 12-2 Lane Changes on Tangent Sections, 8-2 Rail-Highway Grade Crossings, 14-2 The Influence of Perceptual Factors on Curve Driving, 6-4 Timing of Active Traffic Control Devices at Rail- Highway Grade Crossings, 14-6 Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990, 10-10, 11-8 Trade-offs, 1-2, 2-3, 18-3, 19-5, 22-7, 22-44, 22-46 Traffic Control Devices, 1-2, 2-1, 3-5, 5-6, 5-15, 13-6, 13-9, 13-11, 13-13, 17-7, 17-11, 17-12, 17-15, 20-7, 22-7, 22-9, 22-11 thru 22-16, 22-18, 22-20, 22-21, 22-23 thru 22-31 HFG INDEX Version 2.0 25-4 Transition Zones between Varying Road Designs (Chapter 9), 9-1 Transverse Stripes, 17-5 Truck Escape Ramps or TERs, 7-4, 7-5 Trunk Rotation Range, 10-9 Turnouts, 7-2, 7-3 Tutorials (Chapter 22), 22-1 Tutorial 1: Real-World Driver Behavior Versus Design Models, 22-2 Tutorial 2: Diagnosing Sight Distance Problems and Other Design Deficiencies, 22-9 Tutorial 3: Detailed Task Analysis of Curve Driving, 22-35 Tutorial 4: Determining Appropriate Clearance Intervals, 22-38 Tutorial 5: Determining Appropriate Sign Placement and Letter Height Requirements, 22-39 Tutorial 6: Calculating Appropriate CMS Message Length under Varying Conditions, 22-43 Variable Message Sign or VMS, see Changeable Message Signs Virtual Road Users, 3-1, 3-6, 3-10, 4-3 Visibility of Lane Markings, 20-2 Visual Demands Curves, 6-2, 6-3 Roundabouts, 20-11 Sign Comprehension, 18-7 When to Use Changeable Message Signs, 19-2 Where to Find Sight Distance Information for Intersections, 5-18 Where to Find Sight Distance Information for Specific Roadway Features, 5-16 Work Zone Speed Limits, 13-12, 13-13, 17-12, 17-13, 19-12, 19-13 Yellow Timing Interval, 11-2, 11-3, 11-6, 11-7, 17-14, 17-15, 22-38
