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48 Adaptation: A decision that stakeholders can make in response to perceptions or objective measurements of vulnerability or exposure. Included in this concept is the recognition that thresholds exist where a stimulus leads to a significant response. Adaptive capacity: The ability of a system to adjust to cli- mate change (including climate variability and extremes) to moderate potential damages, to take advantages of opportunities, or to cope with the consequences. Exposure: The combination of stress associated with climate-related change and the probability or like li- hood that this stress will affect transportation infra- structure. Maladaption: Ineffective or inefficient actions taken in response to projected climate change effects but supported by poor information or inadequate decision criteria. Resilience: The capacity of a system to absorb disturbances and retain essential processes. Vulnerability: the structural strength and integrity of key facilities or systems and the resulting potential for dam- age and disruption in transportation services from climate change stressors. Glossary