Tabletop and Full-Scale Emergency Exercises for General Aviation, Non-Hub, and Small Hub Airports (2016)

Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.

134 APPENDIX Y Complete Full-scale Exercise Plan (HSEEP-based) (EUG 2014) Triennial airporT exercise exercise plan 9/24/14 The Exercise Plan (ExPlan) gives elected and appointed officials, observers, media personnel, and play- ers from participating organizations information they need to observe or participate in the exercise. Some exercise material is intended for the exclusive use of exercise planners, controllers, and evaluators, but players may view other materials that are necessary to their performance. All exercise participants may view the ExPlan. Exercise Plan [Exercise Name] (ExPlan) [Exercise Name Continued] Exercise Overview Exercise Name: Triennial Airport Exercise Exercise Dates: September 24, 2014 Scope: This exercise is a full-scale, planned for one operational period at Eugene Airport. Exercise play is limited to [exercise parameters]. Mission Area(s): Response, and/or recovery Core Capabilities: [List the core capabilities being exercised] Objectives: [List exercise objectives] Threat or Hazard: Airplane crash Scenario: As Hanson Air Flight 5960 approaches 16L 34R there is an explosion and the left engine falls from the plane with fiery debris landing on Tiny Drakes home igniting it on fire. Sponsor: City of Eugene Airport Participating: Eugene Airport, Lane County, Lane Fire Authority, Eugene/Springfield Organizations: Fire, Eugene Police, Airline, Peace Health, Eugene Emergency Man- agement, Valley River Inn Point of Contact: Tammie Hartje Forrest Chambers General Information Exercise Objectives and Core Capabilities The following exercise objectives in Table 1 describe the expected outcomes for the exercise. The objec- tives are linked to core capabilities, which are distinct critical elements necessary to achieve the specific mission area(s). The objectives and aligned core capabilities are guided by elected and appointed officials and selected by the Exercise Planning Team.

135 Participant Roles and Responsibilities The term participant encompasses many groups of people, not just those playing in the exercise. Groups of participants involved in the exercise, and their respective roles and responsibilities, are as follows: • players. Players are personnel who have an active role in discussing or performing their regular roles and responsibilities during the exercise. Players discuss or initiate actions in response to the simulated emergency. • controllers. Controllers plan and manage exercise play, set up and operate the exercise site, and act in the roles of organizations or individuals that are not playing in the exercise. Controllers direct the pace of the exercise, provide key data to players, and may prompt or initiate certain player actions to ensure exercise continuity. In addition, they issue exercise material to players as required, monitor the exercise timeline, and supervise the safety of all exercise participants. • simulators. Simulators are control staff personnel who role play nonparticipating organizations or individuals. They most often operate out of the Simulation Cell (SimCell), but they may occa- sionally have face-to-face contact with players. Simulators function semi-independently under the supervision of SimCell controllers, enacting roles (e.g., media reporters or next of kin) in accordance with instructions provided in the Master Scenario Events List (MSEL). All simulators are ultimately accountable to the Exercise Director and Senior Controller. • evaluators. Evaluators evaluate and provide feedback on a designated functional area of the exer- cise. Evaluators observe and document performance against established capability targets and criti- cal tasks, in accordance with the Exercise Evaluation Guides (EEGs). • actors. Actors simulate specific roles during exercise play, typically victims or other bystanders. • observers. Observers visit or view selected segments of the exercise. Observers do not play in the exercise, nor do they perform any control or evaluation functions. Observers view the exercise from a designated observation area and must remain within the observation area during the exercise. Very Important Persons (VIPs) are also observers, but they frequently are grouped separately. • Media personnel. Some media personnel may be present as observers, pending approval by the sponsor organization and the Exercise Planning Team. • support staff. The exercise support staff includes individuals who perform administrative and logistical support tasks during the exercise (e.g., registration, catering). Exercise Assumptions and Artificialities In any exercise, assumptions and artificialities may be necessary to complete play in the time allotted and/or account for logistical limitations. Exercise participants should accept that assumptions and artifi- cialities are inherent in any exercise, and should not allow these considerations to negatively impact their participation. Assumptions Assumptions constitute the implied factual foundation for the exercise and, as such, are assumed to be present before the exercise starts. The following assumptions apply to the exercise: • The exercise is conducted in a no-fault learning environment wherein capabilities, plans, systems, and processes will be evaluated. • The exercise scenario is plausible, and events occur as they are presented. • Exercise simulation contains sufficient detail to allow players to react to information and situations as they are presented as if the simulated incident were real. • Participating agencies may need to balance exercise play with real-world emergencies. Real-world emergencies take priority. Exercise Objective Core Capability Test Airport Emergency Plan Triage / Treatment / Transport of patients Simulate Family and Friends Re-Unification TABLE 1 EXERCISE OBJECTIVES AND ASSOCIATED CORE CAPABILITIES

136 Artificialities During this exercise, the following artificialities apply: • Exercise communication and coordination is limited to participating exercise organizations, venues, and the SimCell. • Only communication methods listed in the Communications Directory are available for players to use during the exercise. Exercise Logistics Safety Exercise participant safety takes priority over exercise events. The following general requirements apply to the exercise: • A Safety Controller is responsible for participant safety, any safety concerns must be imme- diately reported to the Safety Controller. The Safety Controller and Exercise Director will determine if a real-world emergency warrants a pause in exercise play and when exercise play can be resumed. • For an emergency that requires assistance, use the phrase [“real-world emergency.”] The following procedures should be used in case of a real emergency during the exercise: – Anyone who observes a participant who is seriously ill or injured will immediately notify emer- gency services and the closest controller, and, within reason and training, render aid. – The controller aware of a real emergency will initiate the [“real-world emergency”] broadcast and provide the Safety Controller, Senior Controller, and Exercise Director with the location of the emergency and resources needed, if any. The Senior Controller will notify the SimCell as soon as possible if a real emergency occurs. Fire Safety Standard fire and safety regulations relevant to the City of Eugene will be followed during the exercise. Emergency Medical Services The sponsor organization will coordinate with local emergency medical services in the event of a real- world emergency. Eugene/Springfield Fire will have Ambulance on site for treatment. Site Access Security If entry control is required for the exercise venue(s), the sponsor organization is responsible for arranging appropriate security measures. To prevent interruption of the exercise, access to exercise sites and the SimCell] is limited to exercise participants. Players should advise their venue’s controller or evaluator of any unauthorized persons. Media/Observer Coordination Organizations with media personnel and/or observers attending the event should coordinate with the sponsor organization for access to the exercise site. Media/Observers are escorted to designated areas and accompanied by an exercise controller at all times. Sponsor organization representatives and/or the observer controller may be present to explain exercise conduct and answer questions. Exercise partici- pants should be advised of media and/or observer presence. Exercise Identification Exercise staff may be identified by badges, hats, and/or vests to clearly display exercise roles, addi- tionally, uniform clothing may be worn to show agency affiliation. Table 2 describes these identifica- tion items.

137 Post-exercise and Evaluation Activities Debriefings Post-exercise debriefings aim to collect sufficient relevant data to support effective evaluation and improve- ment planning. Hot Wash At the conclusion of exercise play, controllers facilitate a Hot Wash to allow players to discuss strengths and areas for improvement, and evaluators to seek clarification regarding player actions and decision- making processes. All participants may attend; however, observers are not encouraged to attend the meet- ing. The Hot Wash should not exceed 30 minutes. Controller and Evaluator Debriefing Controllers and evaluators attend a facilitated C/E Debriefing immediately following the exercise. Dur- ing this debriefing, controllers and evaluators provide an overview of their observed functional areas and discuss strengths and areas for improvement. Participant Feedback Forms Participant Feedback Forms provide players with the opportunity to comment candidly on exercise activities and exercise design. Participant Feedback Forms should be collected at the conclusion of the Hot Wash. Evaluation Exercise Evaluation Guides EEGs assist evaluators in collecting relevant exercise observations. EEGs document exercise objectives and aligned core capabilities, capability targets, and critical tasks. Each EEG provides evaluators with information on what they should expect to see demonstrated in their functional area. The EEGs, coupled with Participant Feedback Forms and Hot Wash notes, are used to evaluate the exercise and compile the After-Action Report (AAR). After-Action Report The AAR summarizes key information related to evaluation. The AAR primarily focuses on the analysis of core capabilities, including capability performance, strengths, and areas for improvement. AARs also include basic exercise information, including the exercise name, type of exercise, dates, location, partici- pating organizations, mission area(s), specific threat or hazard, a brief scenario description, and the name of the exercise sponsor and POC. Group Color Exercise Director White Facilitator White Controllers Yellow Evaluators Yellow Actors Support Staff Observers/VIPs orange Media Personnel Players, Uniformed Players, Civilian Clothes TABLE 2 EXERCISE IDENTIFICATION

138 Improvement Planning Improvement planning is the process by which the observations recorded in the AAR are resolved through development of concrete corrective actions, which are prioritized and tracked as a part of a continuous corrective action program. After-Action Meeting The After-Action Meeting (AAM) is a meeting held among decision- and policy-makers from the exer- cising organizations, as well as the Lead Evaluator and members of the Exercise Planning Team, to debrief the exercise and to review and refine the draft AAR and Improvement Plan (IP). The AAM should be an interactive session, providing attendees the opportunity to discuss and validate the observations and corrective actions in the draft AAR/IP. Improvement Plan The IP identifies specific corrective actions, assigns them to responsible parties, and establishes tar- get dates for their completion. It is created by elected and appointed officials from the organizations participating in the exercise, and discussed and validated during the AAM. Participant Information and Guidance Exercise Rules The following general rules govern exercise play: • Real-world emergency actions take priority over exercise actions. • Exercise players will comply with real-world emergency procedures, unless otherwise directed by the control staff. • All communications (including written, radio, telephone, and e-mail) during the exercise will begin and end with the statement “This is an exercise.” • Exercise players who place telephone calls or initiate radio communication with the SimCell must identify the organization or individual with whom they wish to speak. Players Instructions Players should follow certain guidelines before, during, and after the exercise to ensure a safe and effective exercise. Before the Exercise • Review appropriate organizational plans, procedures, and exercise support documents. • Be at the appropriate site at least 30 minutes before the exercise starts. Wear the appropriate uniform and/or identification item(s). • Sign in when you arrive. • If you gain knowledge of the scenario before the exercise, notify a controller so that appropriate actions can be taken to ensure a valid evaluation. • [Read your Player Information Handout, which includes information on exercise safety.] During the Exercise • Respond to exercise events and information as if the emergency were real, unless otherwise directed by an exercise controller. • Controllers will give you only information they are specifically directed to disseminate. You are expected to obtain other necessary information through existing emergency information channels. • Do not engage in personal conversations with controllers, evaluators, observers, or media per- sonnel. If you are asked an exercise-related question, give a short, concise answer. If you are busy and cannot immediately respond, indicate that, but report back with an answer as soon as possible.

139 • If you do not understand the scope of the exercise, or if you are uncertain about an organization’s participation in an exercise, ask a controller. • Parts of the scenario may seem implausible. Recognize that the exercise has objectives to satisfy and may require incorporation of unrealistic aspects. Every effort has been made by the exercise’s trusted agents to balance realism with safety and to create an effective learning and evaluation environment. • All exercise communications will begin and end with the statement [“This is an exercise.”] This precaution is taken so that anyone who overhears the conversation will not mistake exercise play for a real-world emergency. • When you communicate with the SimCell, identify the organization or individual with whom you wish to speak. • Speak when you take an action. This procedure will ensure that evaluators are aware of critical actions as they occur. • Maintain a log of your activities. Many times, this log may include documentation of activities that were missed by a controller or evaluator. After the Exercise • Participate in the Hot Wash at your venue with controllers and evaluators. • Complete the Participant Feedback Form. This form allows you to comment candidly on emergency response activities and exercise effectiveness. Provide the completed form to a controller or evaluator. • Provide any notes or materials generated from the exercise to your controller or evaluator for review and inclusion in the AAR. Simulation Guidelines Because the exercise is of limited duration and scope, certain details will be simulated. The physical description of what would fully occur at the incident sites and surrounding areas will be relayed to play- ers by simulators or controllers. A SimCell will simulate the roles and interactions of nonparticipating organizations or individuals. Appendix A: Exercise Schedule [note: Because this information is updated throughout the exercise planning process, appendices may be developed as stand-alone documents rather than part of the ExPlan.] Time Personnel Activity Location 9/24/14 0830 Controllers, evaluators, and exercise staff Controller and Evaluator Briefing Airport Admin As needed Controllers and exercise staff Set up control cell and walkthrough Airport Admin 9/24/14 0800333 Controllers and exercise staff Check-in for final instructions and communications check Airport Admin 0830 Media Media Briefing Airport Admin 0830 VIPs and selected exercise staff VIP Controller Briefing Airport Admin 0845 Controllers and evaluators Controllers and evaluators in starting positions Exercise location 0845 All Controllers provide player briefs Exercise location 0900 All Exercise starts Exercise location 1130 All Exercise ends Exercise location Immediately Following the Exercise All Venue Hot Washes/turn in all Participant Feedback Forms FS 12, Airport Admin, LFA, TBD TBD Controllers, evaluators, and elected and appointed officials Controller and Evaluator After Action Review TBD

140 Appendix B: Exercise Participants Participating Organizations Federal FAA State City of Eugene Eugene/Springfield Fire, Eugene Airport, Eugene Police, Outside agencies and businesses Lane Fire Authority, Valley River Inn, Lane Community College, Appendix C: Communications Plan

141 Appendix D: Exercise Site Maps Figure D.1 Figure D.2

142 Appendix E: Acronyms Acronym Term DHS U.S. Department of Homeland Security ExPlan Exercise Plan HSEEP Homeland Security Exercise and Evaluation Program SME Subject Matter Expert LFA Lane Fire Authority ESFD Eugene Springfield Fire