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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Exploring Strategies to Improve Cardiac Arrest Survival: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23695.
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EXPLORING STRATEGIES TO IMPROVE

CARDIAC ARREST
SURVIVAL

Proceedings of a Workshop

Margaret A. McCoy and Andrea M. Schultz, Rapporteurs

Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice

Health and Medicine Division

images

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS
Washington, DC
www.nap.edu

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Exploring Strategies to Improve Cardiac Arrest Survival: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23695.
×

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001

This project was supported by Contract ID 81639 and Contract No. 200-2011-38807 (Task Order No. 0055) between the National Academy of Sciences and the American Heart Association and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, respectively, and by American Red Cross; Asmund S. Laerdal Foundation; Medtronic Foundation; Physio-Control, Inc.; Sudden Cardiac Arrest Foundation; and ZOLL Medical Corporation. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of any organization or agency that provided support for the project.

International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-45191-8
International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-45191-4
Digital Object Identifier: 10.17226/23695

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Suggested citation: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Exploring strategies to improve cardiac arrest survival: Proceedings of a workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23695.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Exploring Strategies to Improve Cardiac Arrest Survival: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23695.
×

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The National Academy of Sciences was established in 1863 by an Act of Congress, signed by President Lincoln, as a private, nongovernmental institution to advise the nation on issues related to science and technology. Members are elected by their peers for outstanding contributions to research. Dr. Marcia McNutt is president.

The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences to bring the practices of engineering to advising the nation. Members are elected by their peers for extraordinary contributions to engineering. Dr. C. D. Mote, Jr., is president.

The National Academy of Medicine (formerly the Institute of Medicine) was established in 1970 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences to advise the nation on medical and health issues. Members are elected by their peers for distinguished contributions to medicine and health. Dr. Victor J. Dzau is president.

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Learn more about the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine at www.national-academies.org.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Exploring Strategies to Improve Cardiac Arrest Survival: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23695.
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Image

Reports document the evidence-based consensus of an authoring committee of experts. Reports typically include findings, conclusions, and recommendations based on information gathered by the committee and committee deliberations. Reports are peer reviewed and are approved by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine.

Proceedings chronicle the presentations and discussions at a workshop, symposium, or other convening event. The statements and opinions contained in proceedings are those of the participants and have not been endorsed by other participants, the planning committee, or the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine.

For information about other products and activities of the National Academies, please visit nationalacademies.org/whatwedo.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Exploring Strategies to Improve Cardiac Arrest Survival: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23695.
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PLANNING COMMITTEE ON A DISSEMINATION WORKSHOP ON THE STRATEGIES TO IMPROVE CARDIAC ARREST SURVIVAL REPORT1

TOM P. AUFDERHEIDE (Chair), Professor and Associate Chair of Research Affairs, Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin

DIANNE L. ATKINS, Professor of Pediatrics–Cardiology, Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine

LANCE B. BECKER, Chair and Professor of Emergency Medicine, Hofstra North Shore−Long Island Jewish School of Medicine

RICHARD N. BRADLEY, Chief of Division of Emergency Medicine, McGovern School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center

JEREMY BROWN, Director, Office of Emergency Care Research, National Institute of General Medical Sciences, National Institutes of Health

MARINA DEL RIOS, Assistant Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago

PAUL E. PEPE, Professor of Medicine, Surgery, Pediatrics Public Health & Riggs Family Chair Emergency Medicine, Medical Center at Dallas, The University of Texas Southwestern

ARTHUR B. SANDERS, Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Arizona

Health and Medicine Division Staff

MARGARET A. McCOY, Project Director

R. BRIAN WOODBURY, Research Associate

MARJORIE PICHON, Senior Program Assistant

ROSE MARIE MARTINEZ, Director, Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice

__________________

1 The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine’s planning committees are solely responsible for organizing the workshop, identifying topics, and choosing speakers. The responsibility for the published Proceedings of a Workshop rests with the workshop rapporteurs and the institution.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Exploring Strategies to Improve Cardiac Arrest Survival: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23695.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Exploring Strategies to Improve Cardiac Arrest Survival: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23695.
×

Reviewers

This Proceedings of a Workshop has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making its published Proceedings of a Workshop as sound as possible and to ensure that the Proceedings of a Workshop meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the process. We wish to thank the following individuals for their review of this Proceedings of a Workshop:

Robert A. Berg, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

Terry Vanden Hoek, University of Illinois at Chicago

Ahamed Idris, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center

Myron L. Weisfeldt, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Clyde Yancy, Northwestern University

Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they did not see the final draft of the Proceedings of a Workshop before its release. The review of this Proceedings of a Workshop was overseen by Dan G. Blazer, Duke University Medical Center. He was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this Proceedings of a Workshop was carried out in accordance with institutional procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content of this Proceedings of a Workshop rests entirely with the rapporteurs and the institution.

Page viii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Exploring Strategies to Improve Cardiac Arrest Survival: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23695.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Exploring Strategies to Improve Cardiac Arrest Survival: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23695.
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Acknowledgments

This publication reflects the work and collaboration of many dedicated individuals, and the planning committee of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine appreciates their commitment, patience, and professionalism during the development and the execution of this workshop. This workshop was made possible by the generous support of our sponsors, including

American Heart Association

American Red Cross

Asmund S. Laerdal Foundation

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Medtronic Foundation

Physio-Control, Inc.

Sudden Cardiac Arrest Foundation

ZOLL Medical Corporation

The National Academies extends special thanks to the members of our planning committee for their expert guidance in developing the workshop agenda and their participation as moderators and presenters at the workshop. Many workshop speakers and participants graciously shared their diverse perspectives and experiences to enrich workshop discussions. The National Academies is also grateful to the members of the consensus committee for their vision in developing the Institute of Medicine report Strategies to Improve Cardiac Arrest Survival: A Time to Act, which guided the focus of this workshop.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Exploring Strategies to Improve Cardiac Arrest Survival: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23695.
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Several devoted staff members supported the workshop planning and execution. Margaret McCoy, Marjorie Pichon, Annalyn Welp, and Brian Woodbury provided steadfast support to their planning committee and project. Rose Martinez and Andy Pope offered guidance and leadership. Special thanks to Bridget Callaghan, Autumn Downey, Nicole Fried, Ben Kahn, Priyanka Nalamada, Carrie Vergel de Dios, and Sophie Yang for their assistance on the day of the workshop. Additional recognition goes to Skip Day, Linda Kilroy, and Doris Romero for their financial and contractual advice and to Illiana Espinal, Tina Ritter, and Lauren Shern for facilitating the review, production, and dissemination of this Proceedings of a Workshop.

The workshop was webcast by SparkStreet Digital and transcribed by Chanda Chhay.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Exploring Strategies to Improve Cardiac Arrest Survival: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23695.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Exploring Strategies to Improve Cardiac Arrest Survival: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23695.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Exploring Strategies to Improve Cardiac Arrest Survival: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23695.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Exploring Strategies to Improve Cardiac Arrest Survival: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23695.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Exploring Strategies to Improve Cardiac Arrest Survival: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23695.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Exploring Strategies to Improve Cardiac Arrest Survival: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23695.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Exploring Strategies to Improve Cardiac Arrest Survival: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23695.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Exploring Strategies to Improve Cardiac Arrest Survival: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23695.
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Page viii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Exploring Strategies to Improve Cardiac Arrest Survival: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23695.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Exploring Strategies to Improve Cardiac Arrest Survival: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23695.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Exploring Strategies to Improve Cardiac Arrest Survival: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23695.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Exploring Strategies to Improve Cardiac Arrest Survival: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23695.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Exploring Strategies to Improve Cardiac Arrest Survival: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/23695.
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Cardiac arrest often strikes seemingly healthy individuals without warning and without regard to age, gender, race, or health status. Representing the third leading cause of death in the United States, cardiac arrest is defined as “a severe malfunction or cessation of the electrical and mechanical activity of the heart ... [which] results in almost instantaneous loss of consciousness and collapse”. Although the exact number of cardiac arrests is unknown, conservative estimates suggest that approximately 600,000 individuals experience a cardiac arrest in the United States each year.

In June 2015, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) released its consensus report Strategies to Improve Cardiac Arrest Survival: A Time to Act, which evaluated the factors affecting resuscitation research and outcomes in the United States. Following the release of this report, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine was asked to hold a workshop to explore the barriers and opportunities for advancing the IOM recommendations. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.

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