A Performance-Based Highway Geometric Design Process (2016)

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192 AASHTO. A Guide for Achieving Flexibility in Highway Design, Washington, D.C., 2004. AASHTO. A Manual on User Benefit Analysis for Highways, 3rd edition, Washington, D.C., 2011c. AASHTO. A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets, Washington, D.C., 2011a. AASHTO. Geometric Design Guide for Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation of Highways and Streets, Washington, D.C., 1977. AASHTO. Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilities, Washington, D.C. 1999. AASHTO. Guidelines for Geometric Design of Very Low-Volume Local Roads (ADT ≤ 400), Washington, D.C., 2001. AASHTO. Highway Safety Manual, Washington, D.C., 2010. AASHTO. LRFD Bridge Design Specifications, 7th Edition, Washington, D.C., 2014. AASHTO. Manual for the Assessment of Highway Safety Hardware, 1st edition, Washington, D.C., 2011b. AASHTO. User Benefit Analysis for Highways, Washington, D.C., 2003. Association of Metropolitan Planning Organizations, http://www.ampo.org/resources-publications/best-practices/ land-use-transportation-planning/. Austroads. https://www.onlinepublications.austroads.com.au/collections/agrd/guides. Bonneson, J. A. et al., NCHRP Project 17-45, “Safety Prediction Methodology and Analysis Tool for Freeways and Interchanges,” Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C., 2012. Bonneson, J. A., and Pratt, M. P. Roadway Safety Design Workbook. Report No. FHWA/TX-09/0-4703-P2. Texas Department of Transportation, Austin, TX, 2009. Campbell, J. L., M. G. Lichty, J. L. Brown, C. M. Richard, J. S. Graving, J. Graham, M. O’Laughlin, D. Torbic, and D. Harwood. NCHRP Report 600: Human Factors Guidelines for Road Systems, Second Edition, Transporta- tion Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C., 2012. Cleveland, D., “Effect of Resurfacing on Highway Safety,” in Crump, E. T., ed., State of the Art Report 6: Relationship between Safety and Key Highway Features: A Synthesis of Prior Research, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1987. Crump, E. T., ed. State of the Art Report 6: Relationship between Safety and Key Highway Features: A Synthesis of Prior Research, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1987. Elvik, R. et al., The Handbook of Road Safety Measures, 1st and 2nd editions, Elsevier, New York, NY, 2004 and 2009. Fambro, D., K. Fitzpatrick, and R. J. Koppa. NCHRP Report 400: Determination of Stopping Sight Distances, Trans- portation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1997. Federal Highway Administration Office of Innovative Project Delivery, http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/ipd/project_ delivery/resources/cost_estimating/default.aspx. FHWA. Flexibility in Highway Design, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C., 1997. FHWA, SHRP 2 Solutions, https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/goshrp2/Solutions/Pavement/List. Fitzpatrick, K. and Wooldridge, M. NCHRP Synthesis 299: Recent Geometric Design Research for Improved Safety and Operations, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 2001. Gattis, J. L. NCHRP Report 659: Guide for the Geometric Design of Driveways, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C., 2010. Glauz, W. D., “Future Changes to the Vehicle Fleet: Effect on Highway Safety,” in Crump, E. T., ed., State of the Art Report 6: Relationship Between Safety and Key Highway Features: A Synthesis of Prior Research, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1987. Glennon, J. C., “Effect of Alignment on Highway Safety,” in Crump, E. T., ed., State of the Art Report 6: Relationship Between Safety and Key Highway Features: A Synthesis of Prior Research, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1987b. Glennon, J. C., “Effect of Pavement/Shoulder Drop-Offs on Highway Safety,” in Crump, E. T., ed., State of the Art Report 6: Relationship Between Safety and Key Highway Features: A Synthesis of Prior Research, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1987a. Works Cited and Bibliography

Works Cited and Bibliography 193 Glennon, J. C., “Effect of Sight Distance on Highway Safety,” in Crump, E. T., ed., State of the Art Report 6: Rela- tionship Between Safety and Key Highway Features: A Synthesis of Prior Research, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1987c. Glennon, J. C., Neuman, T. R. and Leisch, J. E. Safety and Operational Considerations for Design of Rural Highway Curves. Federal Highway Administration Report FHWA/RD-86-035, Washington, D.C., 1985. Glennon, J. C. Roadway Defect and Tort Liability, Lawyers and Judges Publishing Company, 1996. Harwood, D. W. et al. Truck Characteristics for Use in Highway Design and Operation, Reports FHWA-RD-89-226 and FHWA-RD-89-227. Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C., 1990. Harwood, D. W., D. J. Torbic, K. R. Richard, and W. D. Glauz. NCHRP Report 505: Review of Truck Characteristics as Factors in Roadway Design, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C., 2003. Harwood, D. W., E. R. Kohlman Rabbani, K. R. Richard, H. W. McGee, and G. L. Gittings. NCHRP Report 486: Systemwide Impact of Safety and Traffic Operations Design Decision for 3R Projects, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C., 2003. Harwood, D. W., J. M. Hutton, C. Fees, K. M. Bauer, A. Glen, H. Ouren, Quincy Engineering, and HQE, Inc. NCHRP Report 783: Evaluation of the 13 Controlling Criteria for Geometric Design, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C., 2014. Harwood, D. W., J. Mason, R. E. Brydia, M. T. Pietrucha, and G. L. Gittings. NCHRP Report 383: Intersection Sight Distance, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1996. Hauer, Ezra. “Safety in Geometric Design Standards,” Department of Civil Engineering, University of Toronto, December 1999. Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE). Designing Walkable Urban Thoroughfares: A Context Sensitive Approach—ITE Recommended Practice, Washington, D.C., 2010. Joint AASHTO/FHWA, Context Sensitive Solutions Strategic Planning Process, Summary Report, March 2007. Krammes, R. A., and Otteson, J. L. Design Speed and Operating Speed in Rural Highway Alignment Design, and Speed-Profile Model for a Design-Consistency Evaluation Procedure in the United States. In Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 1701, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 2000. Lamm, R., J. C. Hayward, and J. G. Cargin. Comparison of Different Procedures for Evaluating Speed Consis- tency. In Transportation Research Record 1100, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1986. Lord, D. et al. Modeling Crash-Flow-Density and Crash-Flow-V/C Ratio Relationships for Rural and Urban Freeway Segments, Accident Analysis and Prevention, 2004. Mak, K. K. “Effect of Bridge Width on Highway Safety,” in Crump, E. T., ed., State of the Art Report 6: Relationship Between Safety and Key Highway Features: A Synthesis of Prior Research, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1987. Mason, J. M. Jr. and Mahoney, K. M. NCHRP Synthesis 316: Design Exception Practices, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 2003. McGee, Sr., H. W. NCHRP Synthesis 443: Practical Highway Design Solutions, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 2013. Missouri Department of Transportation Website: http://www.modot.org/. MoDOT Practical Design Implementation Guide: Meeting Our Customer’s Needs, Missouri Department of Transportation: http://www.modot.org/business/documents/PracticalDesignImplementation.pdf. National Association of City Transportation Officials, Urban Street Design Guide, 2013. National Building Information Modeling Standards website: http://www.nationalbimstandard.org/ National Conference of State Legislatures website: http://www.ncsl.org/research/transportation/bicycles-and- pedestrians.aspx. Neuman, T. R. NCHRP Project 20-07(75): “Design Guidelines for Very Low-Volume Local Roads (ADT < 400),” Final Report, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C., 1998. Neuman, T. R. New Approach to Design for Stopping Sight Distance. In Transportation Research Record 1208, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1989. Neuman, T. R., M. Schwartz, L. Clark, and J. Bednar. NCHRP Report 480: A Guide to Best Practices for Achieving Context Sensitive Solutions, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C., 2002. Neuman, T. R., and Stein, W. Mitigation Strategies for Design Exceptions, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C., 2007. Potts, I. B., D. W. Harwood, J. M. Hutton, C. A. Fees, K. M. Bauer, C. S. Kinzel, and R. J. Frazier. SHRP 2 Project L07, “Identification and Evaluation of the Cost-Effectiveness of Highway Design Features to Reduce Nonrecur- rent Congestion,” Final Report, 2013. Ray, B. L., E. M. Ferguson, J. K. Knudsen, R. J. Porter, and J. Mason. Performance-Based Analysis of Geometric Design of Highways and Streets. Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C., 2014.

194 A Performance-Based Highway Geometric Design Process Ross, H. E. Jr., D. L. Sicking, R. A. Zimmer, and J. D. Michie. NCHRP Report 350: Recommended Procedures for the Safety Performance Evaluation of Highway Features, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1993. Stamatiadis, N. et al. Design Exceptions and Safety, Transportation Research Board 3rd International Symposium on Geometric Design, Chicago, IL, 2005. TRB, Strategic Highway Research Program 2 (SHRP 2): http://www.trb.org/StrategicHighwayResearchProgram2 SHRP2/pavement.aspx. TRB. Highway Capacity Manual, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C., 2010. TRB. Special Report 214: Designing Safer Roads: Practices for Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation Projects, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1987. U.S. Government Accountability Office. Report GAO-15-33. DOT Has Opportunities to Improve Tracking and Reporting of Highway Spending, Washington, D.C., October 2014. U.S. Government Office of Management and Budget website: http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb. W. Harwood, D. W., K. M. Bauer, and I. B. Potts, “Development of Relationships Between Safety and Congestion for Urban Freeways” in Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 2398, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C., 2013. Washington State Department of Transportation website: http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/Projects/ProjectMgmt/ Risk Assessment/. Zegeer, C. V., and J. A. Deacon. “Effect of Lane Width, Shoulder Width, and Shoulder Type on Highway Safety,” in Crump, E. T., ed., State of the Art Report 6: Relationship Between Safety and Key Highway Features: A Synthesis of Prior Research, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1987. Zegeer, C. Z., and T. R. Neuman. NCHRP Report 362: Roadway Widths for Low Traffic Volume Roads, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1993.