National Academies Press: OpenBook

Guidebook for Developing Ramp Control Facilities (2017)

Chapter: Glossary of Terms

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Page 31
Suggested Citation:"Glossary of Terms." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Guidebook for Developing Ramp Control Facilities. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24668.
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Page 31
Page 32
Suggested Citation:"Glossary of Terms." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Guidebook for Developing Ramp Control Facilities. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24668.
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Page 32

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31 Glossary of Terms Accident An occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft which takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the inten- tion of flight and until such time as all such persons have disembarked, and in which any person suffers death or serious injury, or in which the aircraft receives substantial damage. (FAA Order 8020.16) Airport Operators The operator (public or private) or sponsor of a public-use airport. Airport Traffic The structure from which services are provided by an appropriate Control Tower authority to promote the safe, orderly, and expeditious flow of air traffic. Apron or Ramp A defined area on an airport or heliport intended to accommodate air- craft for purposes of loading or unloading passengers or cargo, refuel- ing, parking, or maintenance. With regard to seaplanes, a ramp is used for access to the apron from the water. [See International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) term APRON.] APRON (ICAO)—A defined area, on a land aerodrome, intended to accommodate aircraft for purposes of loading or unloading passengers, mail or cargo, refueling, parking or maintenance. (FAA Order 7110.65) Common Use A facility allocation and management approach intended to maximize airport facility access and allocation through non-dedicated resources. It is an alternative to the traditional approach that used proprietary/ exclusive-use models. Construction The presence and movement of construction-related personnel, equip- ment, and materials in any location that could infringe on the movement of aircraft Fixed-Base A person, firm, or organization engaged in a business that provides a range Operator of basic services to general aviation (GA). Services may include the sale and dispensing of fuel, line services, aircraft parking and tie-down, pilot and passenger facilities, airframe and power plant maintenance, aircraft sales and rental, and pilot instruction. Gate Adjacency Refers to the ability of aircraft to operate from gates that are next to one another. General Aviation That portion of civil aviation that encompasses all facets of aviation except air carriers holding a certificate of public convenience and necessity. Incident An occurrence other than an accident associated with the operation of an aircraft, which affects or could affect the safety of operations. (FAA Order 8020.16)

32 Guidebook for Developing Ramp Control Facilities Infrastructure Encompassing term to include the physical location, facility, equipment and technology, or facility where work is being performed (e.g., ramp tower, office space for a virtual ramp control operation). Infrastructure also includes any line-of-sight issues or constraints for the physical building. Initial Training Training that normally takes place where the job is to be performed, some- times referred to as on-the-job training (OJT). Initial training is normally accomplished under the supervision of an experienced person and may take place in a classroom, while performing the task, or through web-based application and prepares the trainee to perform the job unsupervised. Large Hub An airport that accounts for at least 1.00 percent of the total enplane- ments in the United States. [United States Department of Transportation (DOT) definition] Medium Hub An airport accounting for at least 0.25 percent but less than 1.00 percent of the total enplanements in the United States. (United States DOT definition) Movement Area The runways, taxiways, and other areas of an airport/heliport that are used for taxiing/hover taxiing, air taxiing, takeoff, and landing of aircraft, exclusive of loading ramps and parking areas. At those airports/heliports with an operating airport traffic control tower (ATCT), specific approval for entry onto the movement area must be obtained from ATC. Non-movement The area, other than that described as the movement area, used for the Areas loading, unloading, parking of aircraft. This may include the apron areas and on-airport fuel farms. Ramp Congestion When the movement of an aircraft (pushback, tow, taxi, etc.) is restricted by other aircraft moving in the ramp. Ramp Control Provides guidance and direction to all aircraft moving within their area of jurisdiction. •   For departing aircraft, typical instructions include pushback, dis- connect point, and contact ATC (Ground Control). • For arriving aircraft, instructions include gate and ramp entrance information, if appropriate. • Sequences departures to the designated transition point (spot) and issues traffic advisories as necessary. • Resolves conflicts with aircraft that are arriving, departing, or under tow within their area of jurisdiction: – Ramp control personnel do not resolve conflicts with vehicles or personnel moving in the ramp. Ramp controllers normally issue advi- sories to aircraft taxiing in the ramp (apron) area. Ramp Management Refers to the four options for performing ramp control—airport operators, Options air carrier or airline, third party, or combination of the previous options. Recurring Training Training required for individuals to remain proficient at the job; however, may include training that is unrelated to the job the individual was hired to perform, but is required by the employer (e.g., human relations training). Taxilane The portion of the aircraft parking area in the non-movement area used for access between taxiways and aircraft parking positions. Taxiway Those parts of the movement and safety areas designated for the surface maneuvering of aircraft to and from the runways and aircraft parking areas. Tie-Down Area An area used for securing aircraft to the ground.

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TRB's Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Research Report 167: Guidebook for Developing Ramp Control Facilities provides guidance to airport operators considering providing ramp control services. An accompanying Ramp Control Decision Support Tool assists users through most considerations before providing ramp control services, including facility requirements, staffing, training, and technology and other factors, allowing the user to determine the best way to move forward.

The Ramp Control Decision Support Tool is implemented in a sequence of HTML files and Javascript libraries that can be navigated using a web browser. The current version of the tool supports Google Chrome and Mozilla Firefox browsers.

In order to use the install and start the tool please use the following steps:

1. Copy the provided zip file with the tool to a local directory.

2. Unzip the contents of the zip file to this directory.

3. Open index.html file using either Google Chrome or Mozilla Firefox.

4. The welcome page provides a general overview of the tool.

5. Click on the Get Started button to start uisng the tool. This will lead to Step 1 questions.

6. Provide responses to questions included in Step 1 and when done click on the Next button.

7. Repeat for Steps 2 and 3.

8. When done answering the questions for all three steps click on Report to automatically generate a report with all provided answers.

9. The report can be printed by clicking on Print button.

Disclaimer: This software is offered as is, without warranty or promise of support of any kind either expressed or implied. Under no circumstance will the National Academy of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine or the Transportation Research Board (collectively "TRB") be liable for any loss or damage caused by the installation or operation of this product. TRB makes no representation or warranty of any kind, expressed or implied, in fact or in law, including without limitation, the warranty of merchantability or the warranty of fitness for a particular purpose, and shall not in any case be liable for any consequential or special damages.

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