Guidelines for Emergency Ventilation Smoke Control in Roadway Tunnels (2017)

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61 40. P. Sturm, “Incident Detection and Tunnel Ventilation,” American Association of State and Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Standing Committee on Highways, March 2008. 41. A. Beard and R. Carvel, “A Method of Making Realistic Estimates of the Heat Release Rate of a Fire in a Tunnel,” in Tunnel Fires and Escape from Tunnels Third International Conference, Washington DC, U.S., October 2001. 42. B. Melvin and J. Gonzalez, “Considering tunnel geometry when selecting a design fire heat release rate for road tunnel safety systems,” in Proceedings of the 13th International Symposium on Aerodynamics and Ventilation of Vehicle Tunnels, New Brunswick, U.S., May, 2009. 43. R. Hall, “Ventilation during Road Tunnel Emergencies: PPR140 3/359,” TRL Limited, 2006. 44. A. Haak, Fire in Tunnels: Technical Report 1. “Design Fire Scenarios”. 45. R. Carvel, “Design Fires for Tunnel Water Mist Suppression Sys- tems,” in Third International Symposium on Tunnel Safety and Security, Stockholm, 2008. 46. A. Dix, “Fixed Fire Fighting Systems, Presentation,” in Interna- tional Tunnel Safety Conference, Munich. 47. K. Harris, “Water Application Rates for Fixed Fire Fighting Systems in Road Tunnels,” in Proceedings from the Fourth Inter- national Symposium on Tunnel Safety and Security, Frankfurt am Main, 2010. 48. M. Cheong, W. Cheong, K. Leong, A. Lemaire and L. Noordijk, “Heat Rates of Heavy Goods Vehicle Fire in Tunnels,” in Proceed- ings of the 15th International Symposium on Aerodynamics, Ventila- tion, and Fire in Tunnels, Barcelona, 2013. 49. I. Maevski, B. Josephson, R. Klein, D. Haight and Z. Griffith, “Final testing of fire detection and fire suppression systems at Mount Baker Ridge and First Hill Tunnels in Seattle,” Seattle, U.S., 2015, pp. 745–754. 50. D. B. Hahm, Y. Li and I. Maevski, “The Effects of Ventilation Sys- tems on Fixed Fire Suppression Systems in Tunnels. SE-14-C072,” in ASHRAE 2014 Annual Conference, 2014. 51. G. Beer and T. Reichl, “Virtual Fires a Virtual Reality,” in Tunnel Safety and Ventilation, 2004. 52. Verband Deutscher Verkehrsunternehmen, “Fire Protection in Vehicles and Tunnels for Public,” Dusseldorf, 2005. 53. Azuma, Effectiveness of flame sensing type fire detector in a large tunnel, Transport Research Laboratory, Wokingham, Berkshire, United Kingdom: Japan Highway Public Cooperation. 54. W. Wang, “An Integrated Safety/Security Video Image Detection (VID) System for Road Tunnel Protection,” in Proceedings from the Fourth International Symposium on Tunnel Safety and Security, Frankfurt am Main, 2010. 55. R. Schlaug, L. Teuscher and P. Newmark, “Management of Air Quality In and Near Highway Tunnels, FHWA-RD-78-184,” FHWA, Washington, D.C., 1980. 56. L. Ferkl and A. Dix, “Risk Analysis-from the Garden of Eden to its seven most Deadly Sins,” in 14th International Symposium on Aerodynamics and Ventilation of Tunnels, Dundee, Scotland, May 2011. 57. H. Ingason and J. Mawhinney, “Full-scale fire testing of suppressed heavy goods vehicle fires in road tunnels,” HAI Client Report 5022-010-2, Oy, Finland, 2007. 58. Y. Li and H. Ingason, “Model scale tunnel fire tests with automatic water spray system,” SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden, SP Report 2011:31, Boras, Sweden, 2010. 59. Austrian Guideline RVS 09.01.45 “Constructional Fire Protection in Transportation Buildings for Roads,” 2006. 60. Austrian Guideline RVS 09.02.31 “Tunnel Equipment, Ventilation, Basic Principles,” 2014. 61. Austrian Guideline RVS 09.02.41 “Tunnel Equipment, Fixed Fire Extinguishing Systems,” 2014.