Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.
G-1 APPENDIX G. FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT EXPERIMENTS: COMPARISON OF TEST MEASUREMENTS
G-2 Appendix G1. Flexible Pavements: Comparison of Test Measurements: Dynamic LoadingâThin Base: No. 1 (Control), No. 3 (Geogrid), and No. 5 (Geotextile)
G-3 Table G1-1. Comparison between Accelerometer Measurements Statistical Significant Difference between Instrumentation Results Geogrid vs. Control Geotextile vs. Control Geotextile vs. Geogrid Load (kip) Instrumentation 9 12 16 9 12 16 9 12 16 Msg1_Y SH* SH SH SH SH SH NS SL NS Msg1_Z - - - - - - SH SL SL Msg2_Y SL* SL SL - SL SL - NS SL Msg2_Z - - - - - - SH SL NS Msg3_Y NS** NS - SL SL - NS SL NS Msg3_Z SL SL - SL SL - NS SL NS Mgd1_Y - - - - - - SL SL NS Mgd1_Z - - - - - - SL NS SL Mgd2_Y - - - - - - SL SH SL Mgd2_Z - - - - - - SL SH NS Mgd3_Y - - - - - - NS - SH Mgd3_Z - - - - - - NS SH SH *SH/SL: Geogrid accelerometer measurement is statically higher/lower than the control accelerometer measurement at a significance level of 0.05. **NS: Control accelerometer measurement and geogrid accelerometer measurement are not significantly different at a significance level of 0.05.
G-4 Table G1-2. Comparison between LVDT Measurements *SH/SL: Geogrid LVDT measurement is statically higher/lower than the control LVDT measurement at a significance level of 0.05. **NS: Control LVDT measurement and geotextile LVDT measurement are not significantly different at a significance level of 0.05. Statistical Significant Difference between Instrumentation Results Geogrid vs. Control Geotextile vs. Control Geotextile vs. Geogrid Load (kip) Instrumentation 9 12 16 9 12 16 9 12 16 LVDT1 SH* SH SH NS** NS SH NS SL SH LVDT2 SL* SL SL SH NS SH SH NS SH LVDT3 SL SL SL SL SL SL NS NS SH LVDT4 SH SH SH SH SH SH NS SH SH LVDT6 SL SL SL SH NS SH SH SH SH
G-5 Table G1-3. Comparison between Pressure Cell Measurements Statistical Significant Difference between Instrumentation Results Geogrid vs. Control Geotextile vs. Control Geotextile vs. Geogrid Load (kip) Instrumentation 9 12 16 9 12 16 9 12 16 P1 SH* SH SH SH SH SH SH SH SH P2 SL* SL SL SL SL SL SH SH SH P3 SL SL SL SL SL SL SH SH SH P4 SL SL SL SH SH SH SH SH SH P5 SH SH SH SH SH SH SH SH SH P21 SL SL SL SL SL SL SL SL SL P22 SH SH SH - - - SL SL SL *SH/SL: Geogrid pressure cell measurement is statically higher/lower than the control pressure cell measurement at a significance level of 0.05.
G-6 Table G1-4. Comparison between Strain Gauge Measurements *SH/SL: Geotextile strain gauge measurement is statically higher/lower than the geogrid strain gauge measurement at a significance level of 0.05. **NS: Geotextile strain gauge measurement and geogrid strain gauge measurement are not significantly different at a significance level of 0.05. Statistical Significant Difference between Instrumentation Results Geogrid Vs Control Geotextile vs Control Geotextile vs Geogrid Load (kip) Instrumentation 9 12 16 9 12 16 9 12 16 S1 SH SH SH SL SL SL SL SL SL SG1_X - - - - - - SL* SL SL SG1_Y - - - - - - SH* SH SH SG2_X - - - - - - SL SL SL SG2_Y - - - - - - SH SH SH SG3_X - - - - - - NS** NS NS SG3_Y - - - - - - SH NS SL
G-7 Appendix G2. Flexible Pavements: Comparison of Test Measurements: Static Loadingâ Thin Base: No. 1 (Control), No. 3 (Geogrid), and No. 5 (Geotextile)
G-8 Table G2-1. Percent Difference in LVDT Measurements Percent Difference in Instrumentation Results Geogrid vs. Control* Geotextile vs. Control** Geotextile vs. Geogrid*** Load (kip) Instrumentation 5 9 12 5 9 12 5 9 12 LVDT1 0.6 24.9 13.8 6.7 -0.5 56.0 6.1 -20.3 37.1 LVDT2 -14.1 15.1 7.8 13.6 -4.5 36.2 32.4 -17.0 26.4 LVDT3 -36.2 -27.6 -26.0 -12.5 -8.3 -10.8 37.1 26.7 20.5 LVDT4 -12.1 49.1 39.0 30.8 61.4 64.0 48.8 8.3 17.9 LVDT6 -9.9 5.7 0.6 2.6 -4.3 32.3 13.8 -9.4 31.5 *Geogrid vs. Control: 100*[(LVDT Measurement in Experiment 3âLVDT Measurement in Experiment 1)/LVDT Measurement in Experiment 1] **Geotextile vs. Control: 100*[(LVDT Measurement in Experiment 5âLVDT Measurement in Experiment 1)/LVDT Measurement in Experiment 1] ***Geotextile vs. Geogrid: 100*[(LVDT Measurement in Experiment 5âLVDT Measurement in Experiment 3)/LVDT Measurement in Experiment 3]
G-9 Table G2-2. Percent Difference in Pressure Cell Measurements Percent Difference in Instrumentation Results Geogrid vs. Control* Geotextile vs. Control** Geotextile vs. Geogrid*** Load (kip) Instrumentation 5 9 12 5 9 12 5 9 12 P1 15.0 43.2 33.3 32.7 24.8 53.1 15.3 -12.8 14.8 P2 -25.1 -19.9 -14.5 -14.0 -12.2 3.9 14.8 9.6 21.6 P3 -24.2 -11.0 8.9 -1.8 6.3 59.6 29.6 19.5 46.5 P4 -55.6 -58.9 -58.8 37.5 38.7 43.1 209.3 237.1 247.0 P5 25.0 24.6 21.7 42.6 38.3 25.0 14.1 11.1 2.7 P21 -46.2 -36.5 -28.4 -53.2 -49.6 -34.5 -13.0 -20.7 -8.6 *Geogrid vs. Control: 100*[(Pressure Cell Measurement in Experiment 3âPressure Cell Measurement in Experiment 1) /Pressure Cell Measurement in Experiment 1] **Geotextile vs. Control: 100*[(Pressure Cell Measurement in Experiment 5âPressure Cell Measurement in Experiment 1) /Pressure Cell Measurement in Experiment 1] ***Geotextile vs. Geogrid: 100*[(Pressure Cell Measurement in Experiment 5âPressure Cell Measurement in Experiment 3) /Pressure Cell Measurement in Experiment 3]
G-10 Table G2-3. Percent Difference in Strain Gauge Measurements Percent Difference in Instrumentation Results Geogrid vs. Control* Geotextile vs. Control** Geotextile vs. Geogrid*** Load (kip) Instrumentation 5 9 12 5 9 12 5 9 12 S1 -56.3 -78.8 -53.2 190.4 133.4 -100.0 563.9 1002.5 -100.0 SG1_X - - - - - - -100.0 -100.0 -100.0 SG1_Y - - - - - - -34.9 -56.8 7.4 SG2_X - - - - - - -27.7 -61.7 17.3 SG2_Y - - - - - - -100.0 -100.0 -100.0 SG3_X - - - - - - 89.4 115.0 547.9 SG3_Y - - - - - - -364.7 35.8 128.1 *Geogrid vs. Control: 100*[(Strain Gauge Measurement in Experiment 3âStrain Gauge Measurement in Experiment 1) /Strain Gauge Measurement in Experiment 1] **Geotextile vs. Control: 100*[(Strain Gauge Measurement in Experiment 5âStrain Gauge Measurement in Experiment 1) /Strain Gauge Measurement in Experiment 1] ***Geotextile vs. Geogrid: 100*[(Strain Gauge Measurement in Experiment 5âStrain Gauge Measurement in Experiment 3) /Strain Gauge Measurement in Experiment 3]
G-11 Appendix G3. Flexible Pavements: Comparison of Test Measurements: Dynamic LoadingâThick Base: No. 2 (Control), No. 4 (Geogrid), and No. 6 (Geotextile)
G-12 Table G3-1. Comparison between Accelerometer Measurements Statistical Significant Difference between Instrumentation Results Geogrid vs. Control Geotextile vs. Control Geotextile vs. Geogrid Load (kip) Instrumentation 9 12 16 9 12 16 9 12 16 Msg1_Y NS** NS SL NS SL SL NS SL NS Msg1_Z SH* SH NS NS SH NS SL NS SL Msg2_Y SL* SL SL SL SL SL NS NS SH Msg2_Z SL - SL SL - SL SL SH NS Msg3_Y SL SL SL NS SL SL NS NS NS Msg3_Z SL SL SL SL SL SL SL SH SH Mgd1_Y - - - - - - NS SH SH Mgd1_Z - - - - - - SL SH SH Mgd2_Y - - - - - - SL SL SL Mgd2_Z - - - - - - SL NS NS Mgd3_Y - - - - - - NS SL SL Mgd3_Z - - - - - - SL SH SL *SH/SL: Geogrid accelerometer measurement is statically higher/lower than the control accelerometer measurement at a significance level of 0.05. **NS: Control accelerometer measurement and geogrid accelerometer measurement are not significantly different at a significance level of 0.05.
G-13 Table G3-2. Comparison between LVDT Measurements Statistical Significant Difference between Instrumentation Results Geogrid vs. Control Geotextile vs. Control Geotextile vs. Geogrid Load (kip) Instrumentation 9 12 16 9 12 16 9 12 16 LVDT1 SL* SL SL SH* SH SH SH SH SH LVDT2 NS** NS SL SH SH SH SH SH SH LVDT3 NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS SH LVDT4 NS NS NS SH SH SH SH SH SH LVDT6 - - - - - - SH SH SH *SL: Geogrid LVDT measurement is statically higher/lower than the control LVDT measurement at a significance level of 0.05. *SH: Geotextile LVDT measurement is statically higher/lower than the control LVDT measurement at a significance level of 0.05. **NS: Control LVDT measurement and geogrid LVDT measurement are not significantly different at a significance level of 0.05.
G-14 Table G3-3. Comparison between Pressure Cell Measurements Statistical Significant Difference between Instrumentation Results Geogrid vs. Control Geotextile vs. Control Geotextile vs. Geogrid Load (kip) Instrumentation 9 12 16 9 12 16 9 12 16 P1 SH* SH SH SH SH SH SH SH SH P2 - - - - - - SL SL SL P3 (For Control, P2 measurements are used since they are equivalent to P3 measurements in Reinforced experiments) SL* SL SL SL SL SL SH SH SH P4 (For Control, P21 measurements are used since they are equivalent to P4 measurements in Reinforced experiments) SH SH SH SL SL SL SL SL SL P5 - - - - - - NS** SH NS P6 (For Control, P3 measurements are used since they are equivalent to P6 measurements in Reinforced experiments) - - - - - - SL SL SL P7 (For Control, P4 measurements are used since they are equivalent to P7 measurements in Reinforced experiments) - - - - - - SL SL SL P21 (For Control, P5 measurements are used since they are equivalent to P21 measurements in Reinforced experiments) SL SL SL SL SL SL SL SL SL *SH/SL: Geogrid pressure cell measurement is statically higher/lower than the control pressure cell measurement at a significance level of 0.05. **NS: Geotextile LVDT measurement and geogrid LVDT measurement are not significantly different at a significance level of 0.05.
G-15 Table G3-4. Comparison between Strain Gauge Measurements Statistical Significant Difference between Instrumentation Results Geogrid vs. Control Geotextile vs. Control Geotextile vs. Geogrid Load (kip) Instrumentation 9 12 16 9 12 16 9 12 16 S1 NS** NS NS SL SL SL SL* SL SL SG1_Y - - - - - - SL SL SL SG2_X - - - - - - SH* SH SH SG2_Y - - - - - - SH SH SH SG3_X - - - - - - SL SL SL SG3_Y - - - - - - SH SH SH *SH/SL: Geotextile strain gauge measurement is statically higher/lower than the geogrid strain gauge measurement at a significance level of 0.05. **NS: Geogrid strain gauge measurement and control strain gauge measurement are not significantly different at a significance level of 0.05.
G-16 Appendix G4. Flexible Pavements: Comparison of Test Measurements: Static Loadingâ Thick Base: No. 2 (Control), No. 4 (Geogrid), and No. 6 (Geotextile)
G-17 Table G4-1. Percent Difference in LVDT Measurements Percent Difference in Instrumentation Results Geogrid vs. Control* Geotextile vs. Control** Geotextile vs. Geogrid*** Load (kip) Instrumentation 5 9 12 5 9 12 5 9 12 LVDT1 -32.1 1.0 -15.9 7.0 -38.9 -59.8 57.6 -39.5 -52.2 LVDT2 -1.2 12.2 8.3 -112.0 -270.0 -350.2 -112.1 -251.5 -331.0 LVDT3 97.4 47.4 11.9 -110.1 -266.4 -335.6 -105.1 -212.9 -310.5 LVDT4 232.7 70.5 11.3 -305.1 -423.2 -475.5 -161.7 -289.5 -437.5 LVDT6 - - - - - - -2.4 -113.6 -161.9 *Geogrid vs. Control: 100*[(LVDT Measurement in Experiment 4âLVDT Measurement in Experiment 2)/LVDT Measurement in Experiment 2] **Geotextile vs. Control: 100*[(LVDT Measurement in Experiment 6âLVDT Measurement in Experiment 2)/LVDT Measurement in Experiment 2] ***Geotextile vs. Geogrid: 100*[(LVDT Measurement in Experiment 6âLVDT Measurement in Experiment 4)/LVDT Measurement in Experiment 4]
G-18 Table G4-2. Percent Difference in Pressure Cell Measurements Percent Difference in Instrumentation Results Geogrid vs. Control* Geotextile vs. Control** Geotextile vs. Geogrid*** Load (kip) Instrumentation 5 9 12 5 9 12 5 9 12 P1 17.1 25.0 34.5 185.0 96.8 90.1 143.4 57.5 41.3 P2 - - - - - - 21.0 11.2 15.1 P3 (For Control, P2 measurements are used since they are equivalent to P3 measurements in Reinforced experiments) -68.9 -60.6 -57.1 2.6 18.4 29.5 230.3 200.8 202.2 P4 (For Control, P21 measurements are used since they are equivalent to P4 measurements in Reinforced experiments) -12.2 37.2 59.9 -51.5 -14.1 -0.3 -44.8 -37.4 -37.6 P5 - - - - - - 15.6 10.4 13.1 P6 (For Control, P3 measurements are used since they are equivalent to P6 measurements in Reinforced experiments) - - - - - - -20.1 -27.5 -21.7 P7 (For Control, P4 measurements are used since they are equivalent to P7 measurements in Reinforced experiments) - - - - - - -52.4 -49.7 -47.7 P21 - - - - - - -33 -49 -50 *Geogrid vs. Control: 100*[(Pressure Cell Measurement in Experiment 4âPressure Cell Measurement in Experiment 2) /Pressure Cell Measurement in Experiment 2] **Geotextile vs. Control: 100*[(Pressure Cell Measurement in Experiment 6âPressure Cell Measurement in Experiment 2) /Pressure Cell Measurement in Experiment 2] ***Geotextile vs. Geogrid: 100*[(Pressure Cell Measurement in Experiment 6âPressure Cell Measurement in Experiment 4) /Pressure Cell Measurement in Experiment 4]
G-19 Table G4-3. Percent Difference in Strain Gauge Measurements Percent Difference in Instrumentation Results Geogrid vs. Control* Geotextile vs. Control** Geotextile vs. Geogrid*** Load (kip) Instrumentation 5 9 12 5 9 12 5 9 12 S1 252.2 153.0 165.2 3774.2 1854.6 1312.7 1000.0 672.5 432.7 SG1_X - - - - - - - - - SG1_Y - - - - - - 1754.2 1476.6 862.2 SG2_X - - - - - - 990.6 483.9 424.2 SG2_Y - - - - - - -135.9 -145.2 -268.6 *Geogrid vs. Control: 100*[(Strain Gauge Measurement in Experiment 4âStrain Gauge Measurement in Experiment 2) /Strain Gauge Measurement in Experiment 2] **Geotextile vs. Control: 100*[(Strain Gauge Measurement in Experiment 6âStrain Gauge Measurement in Experiment 2) /Strain Gauge Measurement in Experiment 2] ***Geotextile vs. Geogrid: 100*[(Strain Gauge Measurement in Experiment 6âStrain Gauge Measurement in Experiment 4) /Strain Gauge Measurement in Experiment 4]