G
Acronyms
ABI |
Advanced Baseline Imager |
ACE |
Advanced Composition Explorer |
ACMAP |
Atmospheric Composition Modeling and Analysis Program |
ACS |
Advanced Camera for Surveys |
ADR |
adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator |
AGU |
American Geophysical Union |
AIA |
Atmospheric Imaging Array |
AIAA |
American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics |
AIM |
Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere |
AIRS |
Atmospheric Infrared Sounder |
AIS |
All-Sky Imaging Survey |
ALMA |
Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array |
AMSR-E |
Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer |
AMSU |
Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit |
AO |
Announcement of Opportunity |
APL |
Applied Physics Laboratory |
ASEB |
Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board |
ASTER |
Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer |
ATHENA |
Advanced Telescope for High-Energy Astrophysics |
AU |
astronomical unit |
AURA |
Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy |
AVHRR |
Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer |
CADRe |
Cost Analysis Data Requirement |
CALIPSO |
Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation |
CATE |
cost and technical evaluation |
CCD |
charged-coupled device |
CCOR |
compact coronagraph |
CERES |
Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System |
CGRO |
Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory |
CIPS |
Cloud Imaging and Particle Size |
CLARREO |
Climate Absolute Radiance and Refractivity Observatory |
CME |
coronal mass ejection |
CNES |
Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (French Space Agency) |
COBE |
Cosmic Background Explorer |
CoBRA |
complexity-based risk assessment |
CODIF |
Composition and Distribution Function |
CONAE |
Comisión Nacional de Actividades Espaciales (Argentina’s National Committee of Space Activities) |
COS |
Cosmic Origins Spectrograph |
COSTAR |
Corrective Optics Space Telescope Axial Replacement |
CSA |
Canadian Space Agency |
CuSP |
CubeSat to Study Solar Particles |
CYGNSS |
Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System |
DIS |
Deep Imaging Survey |
DLR |
Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (German Aerospace Agency) |
DMSP |
Defense Meteorological Satellite Program |
DOD |
U.S. Department of Defense |
DOE |
U.S. Department of Energy |
DS1 |
Deep Space 1 |
ECOSTRESS |
Ecosystem Spaceborne Thermal Radiometer Experiment on Space Station |
ECT |
Energetic Particle, Composition, and Thermal Plasma Suite |
EGRET |
Energetic Gamma Ray Experiment Telescope |
ENA |
Energetic Neutral Atom |
ENSO |
El Niño Southern Oscillation |
EoC |
explanation of change |
EOS |
Earth Observing System |
EOSDIS |
Earth Observing System Data Information System |
ESA |
European Space Agency |
ESSP |
Earth System Science Pathfinder |
ESTO |
Earth Science Technology Office |
ESTP |
Earth Science Technology Program |
EV |
Earth Venture |
FGS |
Fine Guidance Sensor |
FIELDS |
Field Measurement Experiment |
FOC |
Faint Object Camera |
FOS |
Faint Object Spectrograph |
FTE |
full-time equivalent |
FUV |
far ultraviolet |
FY |
fiscal year |
GALEX |
Galaxy Evolution Explorer |
GAO |
U.S. Government Accountability Office |
GeV |
gigaelectron volt |
GFZ |
German Research Center for Geosciences |
GHRS |
Goddard High Resolution Spectrograph |
GRACE |
Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment |
GRACE-FO |
GRACE Follow-On |
GRAIL |
Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory |
GRB |
gamma-ray bursts |
GSFC |
Goddard Space Flight Center |
GSICS |
Global Space-based Inter-Calibration System |
HALOE |
Halogen Occultation Experiment |
HIRDLS |
High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder |
HSD |
Heliophysics Science Division |
HSP |
High Speed Photometer |
HST |
Hubble Space Telescope |
IBEX |
Interstellar Boundary Explorer |
ICESat |
Ice, Cloud, and Land Elevation Satellite |
ICRP |
Independent Comprehensive Review Panel |
IPS |
ion propulsion system |
IR |
infrared |
IRIS |
Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph |
ISIS |
Integrated Science Investigation of the Sun |
JAXA |
Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency |
JPL |
Jet Propulsion Laboratory |
JWST |
James Webb Space Telescope |
K |
Kelvin |
KASI |
Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute |
KBO |
Kuiper Belt object |
KDP |
Key Decision Point |
KeV |
kiloelectron volt |
km |
kilometer |
LAT |
Large-Area Telescope |
LIGO |
Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory |
LRO |
Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter |
MAVEN |
Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution |
MAX-C |
Mars Astrobiology Explorer-Cacher |
MER |
Mars Exploration Rover |
MESSENGER |
Mercury Surface, Space Environment, Geochemistry, and Ranging |
MeV |
megaelectron volts |
MIDEX |
medium Explorer |
MinXSS |
Miniature X-Ray Solar Spectrometer |
MIS |
Medium Imaging Survey |
MISR |
Multi-Angle Imaging Spectroradiometer |
MLS |
Microwave Limb Sounder |
MMS |
Magnetospheric Multiscale |
MODIS |
Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer |
MOPITT |
Measurements of Pollution in the Troposphere |
MRO |
Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter |
MSL |
Mars Science Laboratory |
NCAR |
National Center for Atmospheric Research |
NEOCam |
Near-Earth Object Camera |
NEOWISE |
Near-Earth Object Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer |
NEOWISE-R |
Near-Earth Object Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer-Reactivation |
NICMOS |
Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer |
NOAA |
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |
NPR |
NASA Procedural Requirement |
NRO |
National Reconnaissance Office |
NSF |
National Science Foundation |
NuSTAR |
Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array |
NUV |
near ultraviolet |
OCO |
Orbiting Carbon Observatory |
OLI |
Operational Land Imager |
OMB |
Office of Management and Budget |
OMI |
Ozone Measuring Instrument |
OSTP |
Office of Science and Technology Policy |
PACE |
Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, and Ocean Ecosystem |
PDR |
Preliminary Design Review |
PI |
principal investigator |
PIMS |
Plasma Instrument for Magnetic Sounding |
PLASTIC |
Plasma and Supra-Thermal Ion Composition |
PMC |
Polar Mesospheric Cloud |
pc |
parsec |
PSDS3 |
Planetary Science Deep Space SmallSat Studies |
R&A |
research and analysis |
RBI |
Radiation Budget Instrument |
RBSP |
Radiation Belt Storm Probe |
RBSPICE |
Radiation Belt Storm Probes Ion Composition Experiment |
ROSES |
Research Opportunities in Space and Earth Sciences |
SDO |
Solar Dynamics Observatory |
SDSM |
solar diffuser stability monitor |
SECCHI |
Sun-Earth Connection Coronal and Heliospheric Investigation |
SEP |
solar electric propulsion |
SES |
Space Environment Simulator |
SLAC |
Stanford Linear Accelerator Center |
SM |
servicing mission |
SMAP |
Soil Moisture Active Passive |
SMD |
Science Mission Directorate |
SMEX |
small Explorer |
SOFIA |
Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy |
SOFIE |
Solar Occultation for Ice Experiment |
SoloHI |
Solar Orbiter Heliospheric Imager |
SORCE |
Solar Radiation and Climate Experiment |
SR |
Senior Review |
SRCA |
spectroradiometric calibration assembly |
SSB |
Space Studies Board |
STEM |
science, technology, engineering, and mathematics |
STEREO |
Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory |
STIS |
Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph |
STScI |
Space Telescope Science Institute |
SWAVES |
Stereo Waves Experiment |
SWEA |
Solar Wind Electron Analyzer |
SWEAP |
Solar Wind Electrons Alphas and Protons |
SWIR |
shortwave infrared |
SwRI |
Southwest Research Institute |
SXS |
Soft X-ray Spectrometer |
TDRSS |
Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System |
TES |
Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer |
TIR |
thermal infrared |
TIRS |
Thermal Infrared Sensor |
TQ |
transition quarter |
TRL |
technology readiness level |
TROPICS |
Time-resolved Observations of Precipitation Structure and Storm Intensity with a Constellation of SmallSats |
TWINS |
Two Wide-angle Imaging Neutral-atom Spectrometers |
UARS |
Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite |
UCAR |
University Corporation for Atmospheric Research |
UFE |
unallocated future expense |
ULF |
ultra-low frequency |
UNH |
University of New Hampshire |
USGS |
U.S. Geological Survey |
UV |
ultraviolet |
UVOIR |
ultraviolet/optical/infrared |
VIIRS |
Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite |
VLISM |
Very Local Interstellar Medium |
VNIR |
visible and near infrared |
WAVES |
Waves Experiment |
WFC |
Wide-field Camera |
WFIRST |
Wide-field Infrared Survey Telescope |
WFPC |
Wide-field Planetary Camera |
WIND |
Wind Experiment |
WIRE |
Wide-field Infrared Explorer |
WISE |
Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer |
WISPR |
Wide-field Imager for Parker Solar Probe |
WTE |
whole-time equivalent |