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CONTENTS Introduction, 3 I. A Basic Negligence Case, 3 A. Parties and Actions, 4 B. Jurisdiction Generally, 4 C. Jurisdiction and Major Events, 4 D. Choice of Law, 5 E. Elements of a Negligence Action, 5 F. Duty, 5 G. Standard of Care, 5 H. Breach, 5 I. Causation, 6 J. Damages, 6 K. Immunity, 6 L. Other State Negligence Law Principles, 6 II. Common Law Duties and Standards of Care, 7 A. Basic Duties, 7 B. Basic Standards of Care, 8 C. Examples, 8 D. Lack of a Duty, 13 E. Nondelegable Duties, 15 F. Immunity from Suit, 16 III. Preemption, 18 A. Preemption Basics, 18 B. Remedial Actions under the FAAct, 20 C. Preemption Applications, 20 IV. , 23 C. Airport Layout Plan, 25 D. Balloons, 25 E. Birds, 26 F. Boarding, 28 G. Criminal Acts, 28 H. Major Accident Concerns, 30 I. Multiple Party Issues, 32 J. Navigational Aids, 34 K. Ramp Issues, 35 L. Runway and Taxiway Construction, 36 M. Runway and Taxiway Design, 38 N. Runway Incursions and Operations, 40 O. Runway Protection Zones and Other Adjacent Areas, 41 P. Snow and Ice, 42 Q. Strict Liability, 43 R. Tall Obstructions, 43 Conclusion, 45 Acronyms and Abbreviations, 46 Acknowledgments, 47