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Measuring the 21st Century Science and Engineering Workforce Population: Evolving Needs (2018)

Chapter: Appendix A Figures and Tables in the 2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Report That Use Data from the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, the Survey of Earned Doctorates, the National Survey of College Graduates, and the Survey of Doctorate Recipients

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Figures and Tables in the 2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Report That Use Data from the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, the Survey of Earned Doctorates, the National Survey of College Graduates, and the Survey of Doctorate Recipients." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Measuring the 21st Century Science and Engineering Workforce Population: Evolving Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24968.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Figures and Tables in the 2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Report That Use Data from the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, the Survey of Earned Doctorates, the National Survey of College Graduates, and the Survey of Doctorate Recipients." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Measuring the 21st Century Science and Engineering Workforce Population: Evolving Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24968.
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2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Figure or Table Title of the Figure or Table NCSES Survey Providing the Data NCSES Measures Providing the Data
Table 2-3 U.S. citizen and permanent resident S&E doctorate recipients whose baccalaureate origin is a high Hispanic enrollment institution, by ethnicity and race: 2009–2013 SED Doctorate recipients’ primary source of support
Table 2-4 U.S. citizen and permanent resident S&E doctorate recipients whose baccalaureate origin is an HBCU, by ethnicity and race: 2009–2013 SED U.S. S&E doctorate recipients who are U.S. citizens or permanent residents and whose baccalaureate is from an HBCU
Table 2-5 U.S. citizen and permanent resident S&E doctorate recipients who reported earning college credit from a community or 2-year college, by ethnicity and race: 2009–2013 SED S&E doctorate recipients who are U.S. citizens or permanent residents and report earning college credit from a community or 2-year college
Table 2-6 Community college attendance among recent recipients of S&E degrees, by sex, race, ethnicity, citizenship status, and parents’ education level: 2013 NSCG Community college attendance among recent recipients of S&E degrees by sex, race, ethnicity, citizenship status, and parents’ education level
Figure 2-6 Full-time S&E graduate students, by field and mechanism of primary support: 2013 GSS Full-time S&E graduate students by field and mechanism of primary support
App. Table 2-7 Full-time S&E graduate students, by source and mechanism of primary support: 1998–2013 GSS Full-time S&E graduates by source and mechanism of primary support
Figure 2-7 Full-time S&E graduate students with primary support from federal government, by field: 2013 GSS Full-time S&E graduates supported by the federal government by field
App. Table 2-8 Full-time S&E graduate students, by field and mechanism of primary support: 2013 GSS Full-time S&E graduates by field and mechanism of primary support
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Figures and Tables in the 2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Report That Use Data from the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, the Survey of Earned Doctorates, the National Survey of College Graduates, and the Survey of Doctorate Recipients." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Measuring the 21st Century Science and Engineering Workforce Population: Evolving Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24968.
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Figure 2-8 Full-time S&E graduate students, by source of primary support: 1998–2013 GSS Full-time S&E graduate students by source of primary support
App. Table 2-9 Full-time S&E graduate students primarily supported by federal government, by field and mechanism of primary support: 2013 GSS Full-time S&E graduate students by field and mechanism of primary support
Table 2-10 Primary support mechanisms for S&E doctorate recipients, by 2010 Carnegie classification of doctorate-granting institution: 2013 SED Doctorate recipients’ primary source of support
App. Table 2-10 Full-time S&E graduate students primarily supported by federal government, by field: 1998–2013 GSS Full-time S&E graduates supported by the federal government by field
App. Table 2-11 Full-time S&E graduate students primarily supported by federal government, by agency: 1998–2013 GSS Full-time S&E graduates supported by the federal government by agency
Table 2-12 Median number of years from entering graduate school to receipt of S&E doctorate, by 2010 Carnegie classification of doctorate-granting institution: 1998–2013 SED Median number of years from S&E doctorate recipients’ entry to graduate school to receipt of doctorate by field
App. Table 2-12 Full-time S&E graduate students primarily supported by federal government, by field and agency: 2013 GSS Full-time S&E graduates supported by the federal government by agency

Full-time S&E graduates supported by the federal government by field
Table 2-13 Recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates on temporary visas, by country/economy of origin: 1993–2013 SED U.S. S&E doctorate recipients on temporary visas
App. Table 2-13 Doctorate recipients’ source of primary support, by broad field of study, sex, citizenship, race, and ethnicity: 2011–2013 SED Doctorate recipients’ primary source of support
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Figures and Tables in the 2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Report That Use Data from the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, the Survey of Earned Doctorates, the National Survey of College Graduates, and the Survey of Doctorate Recipients." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Measuring the 21st Century Science and Engineering Workforce Population: Evolving Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24968.
×
2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Figure or Table Title of the Figure or Table NCSES Survey Providing the Data NCSES Measures Providing the Data
Table 2-14 Asian recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates on temporary visas, by field and country/economy of origin: 1993–2013 SED Asian recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates on temporary visas
App. Table 2-14 Amount of undergraduate and graduate debt of S&E doctorate recipients, by field: 2013 SED S&E doctorate recipients’ undergraduate and graduate debt
Table 2-15 European recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates on temporary visas, by field and region/country of origin: 1993–2013 SED European recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates on temporary visas
Table 2-16 North American, South American, and Middle Eastern recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates, by field and region/country of origin: 1993–2013 SED North American, South American, and Middle Eastern recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates
App. Table 2-24 S&E graduate enrollment, by sex and field: 2000–2013 GSS S&E graduate enrollment by sex and field
Figure 2-24 U.S. S&E doctoral degree recipients, by selected Asian country/economy of origin: 1993–2013 SED Asian recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates on temporary visas
App. Table 2-25 First-time full-time S&E graduate students, by citizenship and field: 2000–2013 GSS Full-time S&E graduates supported by the federal government by citizenship

Full-time S&E graduates supported by the federal government by field
Figure 2-25 U.S. S&E doctoral degree recipients, by selected Western European country: 1993–2013 SED U.S. S&E doctorate recipients by selected Western European country
App. Table 2-26 S&E graduate enrollment, by citizenship, field, race, and ethnicity: 2000–2013 GSS S&E graduate enrollment by citizenship, field, and race or ethnicity
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Figures and Tables in the 2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Report That Use Data from the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, the Survey of Earned Doctorates, the National Survey of College Graduates, and the Survey of Doctorate Recipients." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Measuring the 21st Century Science and Engineering Workforce Population: Evolving Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24968.
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Figure 2-26 U.S. S&E doctoral degree recipients from Europe, by region: 1993–2013 SED U.S. S&E doctorate recipients from Europe
Figure 2-27 U.S. S&E doctoral degree recipients from Canada, Mexico, and Brazil: 1993–2013 SED U.S. S&E doctorate recipients from Canada, Mexico, and Brazil
App. Table 2-31 Median number of years from S&E doctorate recipients’ entry to graduate school to receipt of doctorate, by field: 1983–2013 SED Median number of years from S&E doctorate recipients’ entry to graduate school to receipt of doctorate by field
App. Table 2-32 Median number of years from S&E doctorate recipients’ entry to graduate school to receipt of doctorate, by sex, citizenship, race, ethnicity, and broad field of study: 2013 SED Median number of years from S&E doctorate recipients’ entry to graduate school to receipt of doctorate by sex, citizenship, race, ethnicity, and broad field of study
Figure 3-1 Employment in S&E occupations, by broad occupational category: 2013 and 2014 SESTAT Employment in S&E occupations by broad occupational category SESTAT
Figure 3-2 S&E degrees among college graduates, by field and level of highest degree: 2013 SESTAT S&E degrees among college graduates by field and level of highest degree
Figure 3-3 Measures and size of the U.S. S&E workforce: 2013 and 2014 NSCG Job requires S&E technical expertise at bachelor’s level

Employed in S&E occupations (SESTAT)
SESTAT Employed workers with at least one degree in S&E field

Job relatedness to highest degree for those with highest degree in S&E field by occupation
App. Table 3-3 Scientists and engineers, by occupation and degree field: 2013 SESTAT Scientists and engineers by occupation and field of highest degree
Table 3-4 Educational background of college graduates employed in S&E occupations, by broad S&E occupational category: 2013 SESTAT Educational background of college graduates employed in S&E occupations by broad S&E occupational category
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Figures and Tables in the 2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Report That Use Data from the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, the Survey of Earned Doctorates, the National Survey of College Graduates, and the Survey of Doctorate Recipients." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Measuring the 21st Century Science and Engineering Workforce Population: Evolving Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24968.
×
2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Figure or Table Title of the Figure or Table NCSES Survey Providing the Data NCSES Measures Providing the Data
App. Table 3-4 Employment sector of S&E highest degree holders and workers in S&E occupations: 1993, 2003, and 2013 SESTAT Employment sector of S&E highest degree holders

Employment sector of workers in S&E occupations
Figure 3-4 Average annual growth in the total number of employed individuals with highest degree in S&E, by field and level of highest degree: 2003–2013 SESTAT Employed individuals with highest degree in S&E by field and level of highest degree: 2003

Employed individuals with highest degree in S&E by field and level of highest degree: 2013
Table 3-5 Relationship of highest degree to job among S&E highest degree holders not in S&E occupations, by degree level: 2013 SESTAT Relationship of highest degree to job among S&E highest degree holders not in S&E occupations
App. Table 3-5 Employment sector of S&E highest degree holders, by level and field of highest degree: 2013 SESTAT Employment sector of S&E highest degree holders by level and field of highest degree
Table 3-6 Employment sector of scientists and engineers, by broad occupational category and degree field: 2013 SESTAT Employment sector of scientists and engineers by broad occupational category and degree field
App. Table 3-6 Scientists and engineers participating in work-related training, by labor force status, highest degree level, and sex: 2013 SESTAT Scientists and engineers participating in work-related training by labor force status, highest degree level, and sex
Figure 3-6 Occupational distribution of scientists and engineers, by broad field of highest degree: 2013 SESTAT Occupational distribution of scientists and engineers by broad field of highest degree
Table 3-7 Self-employed scientists and engineers, by education, occupation, and type of business: 2013 SESTAT Self-employed scientists and engineers by education, occupation, and type of business
App. Table 3-7 Most important reason for scientists and engineers to participate in work-related training, by labor force status: 2013 SESTAT Most important reason for scientists and engineers to participate in work-related training by labor force status
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Figures and Tables in the 2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Report That Use Data from the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, the Survey of Earned Doctorates, the National Survey of College Graduates, and the Survey of Doctorate Recipients." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Measuring the 21st Century Science and Engineering Workforce Population: Evolving Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24968.
×
Figure 3-7 Occupational distribution of S&E highest degree holders, by field of highest degree: 2013 SESTAT Occupational distribution of scientists and engineers by broad field of highest degree
App. Table 3-8 Unemployment rates of scientists and engineers, by level of highest degree and broad occupational category: 2003–2013 SESTAT Unemployment rates of scientists and engineers by level of highest degree and broad occupational category
Figure 3-8 S&E degree holders working in S&E occupations, by level and field of S&E highest degree: 2013 SESTAT Percent of S&E degree holders working in S&E occupations by level and field of S&E highest degree
App. Table 3-9 Median annual salaries for employed college-educated individuals, by broad field and level of highest degree and broad occupational category: 2013 NSCG Median annual salaries for employed college-educated individuals in S&E occupations by broad field and level of highest degree: all degrees, S&E-related degrees, and non-S&E degrees

Median annual salaries for employed college-educated individuals in S&E occupations with highest degrees in S&E by level of highest degree

Median annual salaries for employed college-educated individuals with highest degrees in S&E by level of highest degree and broad occupational category: all occupations, S&E-related occupations, and non-S&E occupations

Median annual salaries for employed college-educated individuals by broad field and level of highest degree and broad occupational category: all fields, S&E-related fields, and non-S&E fields for all occupations, S&E-related occupations, and non-S&E occupations
Figure 3-9 S&E degree holders employed in jobs related to highest degree, by level of and years since highest degree: 2013 SESTAT S&E degree holders employed in jobs related to highest degree by level of and years since highest degree
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Figures and Tables in the 2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Report That Use Data from the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, the Survey of Earned Doctorates, the National Survey of College Graduates, and the Survey of Doctorate Recipients." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Measuring the 21st Century Science and Engineering Workforce Population: Evolving Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24968.
×
2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Figure or Table Title of the Figure or Table NCSES Survey Providing the Data NCSES Measures Providing the Data
Table 3-10 R&D activity rate of scientists and engineers employed in S&E occupations, by broad occupational category and level of highest degree: 2013 SESTAT Scientists and engineers employed in S&E occupations and active in R&D by broad occupational category and level of highest degree

Scientists and engineers employed in S&E occupations by broad occupational category and level of highest degree
App. Table 3-10 Postgraduation plans of doctorate recipients with definite commitments, by broad field of study: Selected years, 1973–2013 SED Postgraduation plans of doctorate recipients with definite commitments by broad field of study: 1973, 1983

Postgraduation plans of doctorate recipients with definite commitments by broad field of study: 1993–2013
Figure 3-10 S&E highest degree holders, by degree level and employment sector: 2013 SESTAT S&E highest degree holders by degree level and employment sector
Table 3-11 Scientists and engineers participating in work-related training, by labor force status and occupation: 2013 SESTAT Scientists and engineers participating in work-related training by labor force status and occupation
App. Table 3-11 Age profile of employed scientists and engineers, by sex and field of highest degree: 2013 SESTAT Age profile of employed scientists and engineers by sex and field of highest degree
Figure 3-11 Broad S&E occupational categories, by employment sector: 2013 SESTAT Broad S&E occupational categories by employment sector
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Figures and Tables in the 2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Report That Use Data from the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, the Survey of Earned Doctorates, the National Survey of College Graduates, and the Survey of Doctorate Recipients." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Measuring the 21st Century Science and Engineering Workforce Population: Evolving Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24968.
×
Table 3-12 Scientists and engineers who are working involuntarily out of field, by S&E degree field: 2003–2013 SESTAT Scientists and engineers who are working involuntarily out of field by S&E degree field
App. Table 3-12 Employed scientists and engineers, by sex and occupation: 2013 SESTAT Employed scientists and engineers by sex and occupation
Figure 3-12 Scientists and engineers employed in the business sector, by employer size: 2013 SESTAT Scientists and engineers employed in the business sector by employer size
App. Table 3-13 Employed S&E highest degree holders, by sex and field of degree: 2013 SESTAT Employed S&E highest degree holders by sex and field of degree
Figure 3-13 Employed scientists and engineers with R&D activity, by broad field of highest degree and broad occupational category: 2013 SESTAT Employed scientists and engineers by broad field of highest degree and broad occupational category

Employed scientists and engineers with R&D activity by broad field of highest deree and broad occupational category
Table 3-14 Labor market indicators for recent S&E degree recipients up to 5 years after receiving degree, by level and field of highest degree: 2013 SESTAT Involuntary out-of-field rate for recent S&E degree recipients up to 5 years after receiving degree by level and field of highest degree

Median annual salary for recent S&E degree recipients up to 5 years after receiving degree by level and field of highest degree

Unemployment rate for recent S&E degree recipients up to 5 years after receiving degree by level and field of highest degree
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Figures and Tables in the 2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Report That Use Data from the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, the Survey of Earned Doctorates, the National Survey of College Graduates, and the Survey of Doctorate Recipients." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Measuring the 21st Century Science and Engineering Workforce Population: Evolving Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24968.
×
2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Figure or Table Title of the Figure or Table NCSES Survey Providing the Data NCSES Measures Providing the Data
Table 3-14 Employed S&E highest degree holders, by sex, race, ethnicity, field of highest degree, and broad occupational category: 2013 SESTAT Employed S&E highest degree holders by race, field of highest degree, and broad occupational category

Employed S&E highest degree holders by sex, field of highest degree, and broad occupational category
Figure 3-14 Employed SEH doctorate holders with R&D activity, by years since doctoral degree: 2013 SDR Employed SEH doctorate holders with R&D activity by years since doctoral degree
Table 3-15 Employment characteristics of recent SEH doctorate recipients up to 3 years after receiving doctorate, by field of degree: 2001–2013 SDR Employment characteristics of recent SEH doctorate recipients up to 3 years after receiving doctorate by field of degree: 2001–2013
App. Table 3-15 Employed scientists and engineers, by race, ethnicity, and occupation: 2013 SESTAT Employed scientists and engineers by race, ethnicity, and occupation
Figure 3-15 Unemployment rates of S&E highest degree holders, by level of and years since highest degree: 2013 SESTAT Unemployment rates of S&E highest degree holders by level of and years since highest degree
Table 3-16 Employed SEH doctorate recipients holding tenure and tenure-track appointments at academic institutions, by field of and years since degree: 1993–2013 SDR Employed SEH doctorate recipients holding tenure and tenure-track appointments at academic institutions by field of and years since degree: 1993–2013
App. Table 3-16 Employed S&E highest degree holders, by race, ethnicity, and field of degree: 2013 SESTAT Employed S&E highest degree holders by race, ethnicity, and field of degree
Table 3-17 Median salaries for recent SEH doctorate recipients up to 5 years after receiving degree, by field of degree and employment sector: 2013 SDR Median salaries for recent SEH doctorate recipients up to 5 years after receiving degree by field of degree and employment sector
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Figures and Tables in the 2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Report That Use Data from the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, the Survey of Earned Doctorates, the National Survey of College Graduates, and the Survey of Doctorate Recipients." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Measuring the 21st Century Science and Engineering Workforce Population: Evolving Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24968.
×
App. Table 3-17 Estimate and median salary of full-time workers with highest degree in S&E field, by sex and occupation: 2013 SESTAT Estimate of full-time workers with highest degree in S&E field by sex and occupation

Median salary of full-time workers with highest degree in S&E field by sex and occupation
Table 3-18 Median salaries for recent U.S. SEH doctorate recipients in postdoc and non-postdoc positions up to 5 years after receiving degree: 2013 SDR Median salaries for recent U.S. SEH doctorate recipients in postdoc and nonpostdoc positions up to 5 years after receiving degree
App. Table 3-18 Estimate and median salary of full-time workers with highest degree in S&E field, by race, ethnicity, and occupation: 2013 SESTAT Estimate of full-time workers with highest degree in S&E field by race, ethnicity, and occupation

Median salary of full-time workers with highest degree in S&E field by race, ethnicity, and occupation
Figure 3-18 S&E highest degree holders who are working involuntarily out of field, by field of and years since highest degree: 2013 SESTAT S&E highest degree holders who are working involuntarily out of field by field of and years since highest degree
Table 3-19 Racial and ethnic distribution of U.S. residents, and of employed individuals in S&E occupations, with S&E degrees, and with college degrees: 2013 NSCG Racial and ethnic distribution of employed individuals with college degrees
SESTAT Racial and ethnic distribution of employed individuals in S&E occupations

Racial and ethnic distribution of employed individuals with highest degree in S&E
App. Table 3-19 Race and ethnic distribution of workers in S&E occupations, by nativity: 2013 SESTAT Race and ethnic distribution of workers in S&E occupations by nativity
Figure 3-19 Median salaries for employed college-educated individuals, by broad field of highest degree and years since highest degree: 2013 SESTAT Median salaries for employed college-educated individuals by broad field of highest degree and years since highest degree
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Figures and Tables in the 2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Report That Use Data from the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, the Survey of Earned Doctorates, the National Survey of College Graduates, and the Survey of Doctorate Recipients." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Measuring the 21st Century Science and Engineering Workforce Population: Evolving Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24968.
×
2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Figure or Table Title of the Figure or Table NCSES Survey Providing the Data NCSES Measures Providing the Data
Table 3-20 Distribution of workers in S&E occupations, by race and ethnicity: 1993–2013 SESTAT Distribution of workers in S&E occupations by race and ethnicity
Figure 3-20 Median salaries for S&E highest degree holders, by broad field of and years since highest degree: 2013 SESTAT Median salaries for S&E highest degree holders by broad field of and years since highest degree
Table 3-21 Racial and ethnic distribution of employed individuals with S&E highest degree, by field of highest degree: 2013 SESTAT Racial and ethnic distribution of employed individuals with highest degree in S&E
App. Table 3-21 Plans of foreign recipients of U.S. doctorates to stay in the United States, by field of doctorate and place of origin: 2002–2013 SED Plans of foreign recipients of U.S. doctorates to stay in the United States by field of doctorate and place of origin
Figure 3-21 Median salaries for S&E highest degree holders, by level of and years since highest degree: 2013 SESTAT Median salaries for S&E highest degree holders by level of and years since highest degree
Table 3-22 Racial and ethnic distribution of employed individuals with S&E highest degree, by level of highest degree: 2013 SESTAT Racial and ethnic distribution of employed individuals with S&E highest degree by level of highest degree: 2013
Figure 3-22 Recent U.S. SEH doctorate recipients in postdoc positions, by field of and years since doctorate: 2013 SESTAT Recent U.S. SEH doctorate recipients in postdoc positions by field of and years since doctorate
Table 3-23 Racial and ethnic distribution of employed women in S&E occupations and with S&E highest degrees: 1993 and 2013 SESTAT Racial and ethnic distribution of employed women in S&E occupations

Racial and ethnic distribution of employed women with S&E highest degrees
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Figures and Tables in the 2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Report That Use Data from the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, the Survey of Earned Doctorates, the National Survey of College Graduates, and the Survey of Doctorate Recipients." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Measuring the 21st Century Science and Engineering Workforce Population: Evolving Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24968.
×
Figure 3-23 Age distribution of scientists and engineers in the labor force, by sex: 1993 and 2013 SESTAT Age distribution of scientists and engineers in the labor force by sex
Table 3-24 Median annual salary among S&E highest degree holders working full time, by sex, race, and ethnicity: 1995, 2003, and 2013 SESTAT Median annual salary among S&E highest degree holders working full-time by sex, race, and ethnicity
Figure 3-24 Age distribution of employed scientists and engineers, by broad occupational category and broad field of highest degree: 2013 SESTAT Age distribution of employed scientists and engineers by broad occupational category and broad field of highest degree
Table 3-25 Foreign-born workers in S&E occupations, by education level: 1993, 2003, and 2013 SESTAT Foreign-born workers in S&E occupations by education level (SESTAT)
Figure 3-26 Older scientists and engineers who report not working because of retirement, by age: 2013 SESTAT Older scientists and engineers who report not working because of retirement by age
Figure 3-27 Women in the workforce and in S&E: 1993 and 2013 NSCG Women as a percentage of the college-educated workforce
SESTAT Women as a percentage of S&E highest degree holders

Women in S&E occupations
Figure 3-28 Women in S&E occupations: 1993–2013 SESTAT Women in S&E occupations
Figure 3-29 Employed women with highest degree in S&E, by degree level: 1993–2013 SESTAT Employed women with highest degree in S&E by degree level
Figure 3-30 Highest degree holders in S&E not in the labor force, by sex and age: 2013 SESTAT Highest degree holders in S&E not in the labor force by sex and age
Figure 3-31 Estimated salary differences between women and men with highest degree in S&E employed full time, controlling for selected characteristics, by degree level: 2013 SESTAT Estimated salary differences between women and men with highest degree in S&E employed full time, controlling for selected characteristics by degree level
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Figures and Tables in the 2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Report That Use Data from the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, the Survey of Earned Doctorates, the National Survey of College Graduates, and the Survey of Doctorate Recipients." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Measuring the 21st Century Science and Engineering Workforce Population: Evolving Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24968.
×
2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Figure or Table Title of the Figure or Table NCSES Survey Providing the Data NCSES Measures Providing the Data
Figure 3-32 Estimated salary differences between minorities and whites and Asians with highest degree in S&E employed full time, controlling for selected characteristics, by degree level: 2013 SESTAT Estimated salary differences between minorities and whites and Asians with highest degree in S&E employed full-time, controlling for selected characteristics by degree level
Figure 3-33 Foreign-born scientists and engineers employed in S&E occupations, by highest degree level and broad S&E occupational category: 2013 SESTAT Foreign-born scientists and engineers employed in S&E occupations by highest degree level and broad S&E occupational category
Figure 3-34 Foreign-born individuals with highest degree in S&E living in the United States, by place of birth: 2013 SESTAT Foreign-born individuals with highest degree in S&E living in the United States by place of birth
Figure 3-36 Plans at graduation of foreign recipients of U.S. S&E doctoral degrees to stay in the United States, by year of doctorate: 1993–2013 SED Plans at graduation of foreign recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates to stay in the United States by year of doctorate
Table 5-12 Tenure status, by field of doctorate: 1997 and 2013 SDR Tenure status by field of doctorate
Table 5-13 Tenured S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by age: 1997 and 2013 SDR Tenure status of academically employed SEH doctorate holders by age
App. Table 5-13 S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by type of position and degree field: 1973–2013 SDR SEH doctorate holders employed in academia by type of position and degree field
Table 5-14 Women as a percentage of S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by position: Selected years, 1973–2013 SDR Women as a percentage of SEH doctorate holders employed in academia by position
App. Table 5-14 S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by type of position, sex, and degree field: 1973–2013 SDR SEH doctorate holders employed in academia by type of position, sex, and degree field
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Figures and Tables in the 2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Report That Use Data from the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, the Survey of Earned Doctorates, the National Survey of College Graduates, and the Survey of Doctorate Recipients." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Measuring the 21st Century Science and Engineering Workforce Population: Evolving Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24968.
×
Table 5-15 Tenured S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by sex and field: 1997 and 2013 SDR Tenure status of SEH doctorate holders employed in academia by sex and field
App. Table 5-15 S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by type of position, race, ethnicity, and degree field: 1973–2013 SDR SEH doctorate holders employed in academia by type of position, degree field, race, and ethnicity
Table 5-16 Underrepresented minorities as a percentage of S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by position: Selected years, 1973–2013 SDR Underrepresented minorities as a percentage of SEH doctorate holders employed in academia by position
App. Table 5-16 S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by type of position, degree field, and citizenship: 2013 SDR SEH doctorate holders employed in academia by type of position, degree field, and citizenship
Figure 5-16 S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by type of position: 1973–2013 SDR SEH doctorate holders employed in academia by position type
Table 5-17 Academically employed S&E doctorate holders, by age: 1995 and 2013 SDR Academically employed SEH doctorate holders by age
App. Table 5-17 Age distribution of S&E doctorate holders in fulltime faculty positions at research universities and other academic institutions: 1973–2013 SDR Age distribution of SEH doctorate holders in full-time faculty positions at research universities and other academic institutions
Figure 5-17 S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by S&E field: Selected years, 1973–2013 SDR SEH doctorate holders employed in academia by S&E field
Table 5-18 Full-time S&E faculty reporting research as primary work activity, by years since doctorate and degree field: 2013 SDR SEH faculty reporting research as primary work activity by years since doctorate and degree field
App. Table 5-18 S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by research priority, type of position, and degree field: 1973–2013 SDR SEH doctorate holders employed in academia by research priority, type of position, and degree field
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Figures and Tables in the 2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Report That Use Data from the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, the Survey of Earned Doctorates, the National Survey of College Graduates, and the Survey of Doctorate Recipients." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Measuring the 21st Century Science and Engineering Workforce Population: Evolving Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24968.
×
2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Figure or Table Title of the Figure or Table NCSES Survey Providing the Data NCSES Measures Providing the Data
Figure 5-18 Women as a percentage of S&E doctorate holders employed full time in academia, by academic rank: Selected years, 1973–2013 SDR Women as a percentage of SEH doctorate holders employed full time in academia by academic rank
Table 5-19 Full-time S&E graduate students and graduate research assistants at universities and colleges, by degree field: Selected years, 1973–2013 GSS Full-time SEH graduate students and graduate research assistants at universities and colleges by degree field
App. Table 5-19 Early career S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by Carnegie institution type, years since doctorate, and type of position: 1997–2013 SDR Early career SEH doctorate holders employed in academia by Carnegie institution type, years since doctorate, and type of position
Figure 5-19 S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by birthplace: 1973–2013 SDR SEH doctorate holders employed in academia by birthplace
Table 5-20 S&E doctorate holders with academic employment in postdoc positions, by demographic group: Selected years, 1973–2013 SDR SEH doctorate holders with academic employment in postdoc positions by demographic group
App. Table 5-20 Academic S&E doctorate holders with federal support, by degree field, research activity, and type of position: 1973–2013 SDR Academic SEH doctorate holders with federal support by degree field, research activity, and type of position
Figure 5-20 Full-time faculty ages 65–75 at research universities and other higher education institutions: 1973–2013 SDR Full-time faculty aged 65–75 at research universities and other higher education institutions
Table 5-21 S&E doctorate holders with academic employment in postdoc positions, by Carnegie classification of employer and years since doctorate: 2013 SDR SEH doctorate holders with academic employment in postdoc positions by Carnegie institution type and years since doctorate
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Figures and Tables in the 2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Report That Use Data from the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, the Survey of Earned Doctorates, the National Survey of College Graduates, and the Survey of Doctorate Recipients." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Measuring the 21st Century Science and Engineering Workforce Population: Evolving Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24968.
×
App. Table 5-21 S&E doctorate holders and full-time faculty with federal support, by degree field and Carnegie classification of employer: 2013 SDR SEH doctorate holders and full-time faculty with federal support by degree field and Carnegie classification of employer
Figure 5-21 Primary work activity of full-time doctoral S&E faculty: Selected years, 1973–2013 SDR Job duties of full-time doctoral SEH faculty
App. Table 5-22 S&E doctorate holders with federal support, by Carnegie class, race, ethnicity, and sex: 2013 SDR SEH doctorate holders with federal support by Carnegie class, race and ethnicity, and gender
Figure 5-22 S&E doctorate holders with academic employment in a postdoc position, by degree field: Selected years, 1973–2013 SDR SEH doctorate holders employed in academic postdoc positions by degree field
App. Table 5-23 Early career S&E doctorate holders employed in academia with federal support, by degree field, years since doctorate, and type of position: 1973–2013 SDR Early career SEH doctorate holders employed in academia with federal support by degree field, years since doctorate, and type of position
Figure 5-23 S&E doctorate holders in very high research activity institutions with federal support, by sex, race, and ethnicity: 2013 SDR Full-time SEH doctoral faculty in very high research activity institutions with federal support by gender, race, and ethnicity
Table 5-B Foreign-trained S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by degree field and sex: 2013 NSCG Foreign-trained SEH doctorate holders employed in academia by degree field and sex
Table 5-C Foreign-trained S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by research and teaching focus: 2013 NSCG Foreign-trained SEH doctorate holders employed in academia by research and teaching focus
Table 8-32 Employed science, engineering, and health doctorate holders as a percentage of the workforce, by state: 1993–2013 SDR Employed SEH doctorate holders
Table 8-45 Science and engineering doctorates conferred per 1,000 employed science, engineering, and health doctorate holders, by state: 1990–2013 SDR Employed SEH doctorate holders
SED S&E doctorates conferred
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Figures and Tables in the 2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Report That Use Data from the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, the Survey of Earned Doctorates, the National Survey of College Graduates, and the Survey of Doctorate Recipients." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Measuring the 21st Century Science and Engineering Workforce Population: Evolving Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24968.
×
2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Figure or Table Title of the Figure or Table NCSES Survey Providing the Data NCSES Measures Providing the Data
Table 8-46 Academic S&E article output per 1,000 SEH doctorate holders in academia, by state: 1999–2013 SDR SEH doctorate holders in academia
Table 8-48 Academic patents awarded per 1,000 SEH doctorate holders in academia, by state: 1996–2014 SDR SEH doctorate holders in academia

NOTE: GSS = Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering; HBCU = historically black college or university; NSCG = National Survey of College Graduates; R&D = research and development; S&E = science and engineering; SDR = Survey of Doctorate Recipients; SED = Survey of Earned Doctorates; SEH = science, engineering, and health; SESTAT = Scientists and Engineers Statistical Data System.

SOURCE: Adapted from National Science Board (2016).

Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Figures and Tables in the 2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Report That Use Data from the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, the Survey of Earned Doctorates, the National Survey of College Graduates, and the Survey of Doctorate Recipients." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Measuring the 21st Century Science and Engineering Workforce Population: Evolving Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24968.
×
Page 125
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Figures and Tables in the 2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Report That Use Data from the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, the Survey of Earned Doctorates, the National Survey of College Graduates, and the Survey of Doctorate Recipients." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Measuring the 21st Century Science and Engineering Workforce Population: Evolving Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24968.
×
Page 126
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Figures and Tables in the 2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Report That Use Data from the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, the Survey of Earned Doctorates, the National Survey of College Graduates, and the Survey of Doctorate Recipients." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Measuring the 21st Century Science and Engineering Workforce Population: Evolving Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24968.
×
Page 127
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Figures and Tables in the 2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Report That Use Data from the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, the Survey of Earned Doctorates, the National Survey of College Graduates, and the Survey of Doctorate Recipients." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Measuring the 21st Century Science and Engineering Workforce Population: Evolving Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24968.
×
Page 128
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Figures and Tables in the 2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Report That Use Data from the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, the Survey of Earned Doctorates, the National Survey of College Graduates, and the Survey of Doctorate Recipients." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Measuring the 21st Century Science and Engineering Workforce Population: Evolving Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24968.
×
Page 129
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Figures and Tables in the 2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Report That Use Data from the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, the Survey of Earned Doctorates, the National Survey of College Graduates, and the Survey of Doctorate Recipients." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Measuring the 21st Century Science and Engineering Workforce Population: Evolving Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24968.
×
Page 130
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Figures and Tables in the 2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Report That Use Data from the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, the Survey of Earned Doctorates, the National Survey of College Graduates, and the Survey of Doctorate Recipients." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Measuring the 21st Century Science and Engineering Workforce Population: Evolving Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24968.
×
Page 131
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Figures and Tables in the 2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Report That Use Data from the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, the Survey of Earned Doctorates, the National Survey of College Graduates, and the Survey of Doctorate Recipients." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Measuring the 21st Century Science and Engineering Workforce Population: Evolving Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24968.
×
Page 132
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Figures and Tables in the 2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Report That Use Data from the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, the Survey of Earned Doctorates, the National Survey of College Graduates, and the Survey of Doctorate Recipients." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Measuring the 21st Century Science and Engineering Workforce Population: Evolving Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24968.
×
Page 133
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Figures and Tables in the 2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Report That Use Data from the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, the Survey of Earned Doctorates, the National Survey of College Graduates, and the Survey of Doctorate Recipients." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Measuring the 21st Century Science and Engineering Workforce Population: Evolving Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24968.
×
Page 134
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Figures and Tables in the 2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Report That Use Data from the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, the Survey of Earned Doctorates, the National Survey of College Graduates, and the Survey of Doctorate Recipients." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Measuring the 21st Century Science and Engineering Workforce Population: Evolving Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24968.
×
Page 135
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Figures and Tables in the 2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Report That Use Data from the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, the Survey of Earned Doctorates, the National Survey of College Graduates, and the Survey of Doctorate Recipients." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Measuring the 21st Century Science and Engineering Workforce Population: Evolving Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24968.
×
Page 136
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Figures and Tables in the 2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Report That Use Data from the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, the Survey of Earned Doctorates, the National Survey of College Graduates, and the Survey of Doctorate Recipients." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Measuring the 21st Century Science and Engineering Workforce Population: Evolving Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24968.
×
Page 137
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Figures and Tables in the 2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Report That Use Data from the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, the Survey of Earned Doctorates, the National Survey of College Graduates, and the Survey of Doctorate Recipients." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Measuring the 21st Century Science and Engineering Workforce Population: Evolving Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24968.
×
Page 138
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Figures and Tables in the 2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Report That Use Data from the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, the Survey of Earned Doctorates, the National Survey of College Graduates, and the Survey of Doctorate Recipients." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Measuring the 21st Century Science and Engineering Workforce Population: Evolving Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24968.
×
Page 139
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Figures and Tables in the 2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Report That Use Data from the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, the Survey of Earned Doctorates, the National Survey of College Graduates, and the Survey of Doctorate Recipients." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Measuring the 21st Century Science and Engineering Workforce Population: Evolving Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24968.
×
Page 140
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Figures and Tables in the 2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Report That Use Data from the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, the Survey of Earned Doctorates, the National Survey of College Graduates, and the Survey of Doctorate Recipients." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Measuring the 21st Century Science and Engineering Workforce Population: Evolving Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24968.
×
Page 141
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A Figures and Tables in the 2016 Science and Engineering Indicators Report That Use Data from the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, the Survey of Earned Doctorates, the National Survey of College Graduates, and the Survey of Doctorate Recipients." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Measuring the 21st Century Science and Engineering Workforce Population: Evolving Needs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24968.
×
Page 142
Next: Appendix B Questionnaire Content Crosswalk National Survey of College Graduates, Survey of Doctorate Recipients, Survey of Earned Doctorates, and Early Career Doctorates Survey »
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 Measuring the 21st Century Science and Engineering Workforce Population: Evolving Needs
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The National Science Foundation’s National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics (NCSES), one of the nation’s principal statistical agencies, is charged to collect, acquire, analyze, report, and disseminate statistical data related to the science and engineering enterprise in the United States and other nations that is relevant and useful to practitioners, researchers, policymakers, and to the public. NCSES data, based primarily on several flagship surveys, have become the major evidence base for American science and technology policy, and the agency is well respected globally for these data.

This report assesses and provides guidance on NCSES’s approach to measuring the science and engineering workforce population in the United States. It also proposes a framework for measuring the science and engineering workforce in the next decade and beyond, with flexibility to examine emerging issues related to this unique population while at the same time allowing for stability in the estimation of key trends

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