National Academies Press: OpenBook
« Previous: 7 Findings, Conclusions, and Recommendations
Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×

References

AAMC (Association of American Medical Colleges) (2016a). 2016 Physician Specialty Data Report. Available at https://www.aamc.org/data/workforce/reports/457712/2016-specialty-databook.html.

AAMC (2016b). The State of Women in Academic Medicine: The Pipeline and Pathways to Leadership, 2015−2016. Available at https://www.aamc.org/members/gwims/statistics/.

AAMC (2014). The State of Women in Academic Medicine: The Pipeline and Pathways to Leadership, 2013–14. Retrieved from https://members.aamc.org/eweb/upload/The%20State%20of%20Women%20in%20Academic%20Medicine%202013-2014%20FINAL.pdf.

AAUP (American Association of University Professors). Bulletin, July–August 2016.

AAUP (2016). Higher education at a crossroads: The economic value of tenure and the security of the profession. Academe, March–April 2016.

AAUW (American Association of University Women) (2005). Drawing the Line: Sexual Harassment on Campus. https://www.aauw.org/files/2013/02/drawing-the-line-sexual-harassment-on-campus-pdf.

ACE (American Council on Education) (2017). American College Presidents Study. https://bookstoreacenet.edu/products/American-college-president-study-2017-digital.

AGU (American Geophysical Union) (2017). AGU Scientific Integrity and Professional Ethics. https://harassment.agu.org/files/2017/03/ScientificIntegrityandProfessionalEthics_Member-Review-Draft_March2017.pdf.

Ahmed, S. (2007). “You end up doing the document rather than doing the doing”: Diversity, race equality and the politics of documentation. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 30(4): 590–609.

Albiston, C. R. (2005). Bargaining in the shadow of social institutions: Competing discourses and social change in workplace mobilization of civil rights. Law & Society Review, 39: 11–50.

Alliger, G. M. and Janak, E. A. (1989). Kirkpatrick’s levels of training criteria: Thirty years later. Personnel Psychology, 42, 331–342.

Alliger, G. M., Tannenbaum, S. I., Bennett, W., Traver, H., and Shotland, A. (1997). A meta-analysis of the relations among training criteria. Personnel Psychology, 50, 341–358.

American Society for Engineering Education (2017). Transforming Undergraduate Education in Engineering Phase III: Voices on Women’s Participation and Retention. Workshop Report. https://www.asee.org/documents/publications/reports/2017TUEEPhase3.pdf.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×

Andersson, L. M., and Pearson, C. M. (1999). Effect of tit for tat? The spiraling in the workplace incivility. Academy of Management Review, 24(3), 452–471. https://doi.org/10.2307/259136.

Anonymous (1991). Sexual harassment: A female counseling student’s experience. Journal of Counseling and Development, 69, 502–506.

Antecol, H., and Cobb-Clark, D. (2003). Does sexual harassment training change attitudes? A view from the federal level. Social Science Quarterly, 84(4), 826–842.

Armstrong, M. A., and Jovanovic, J. (2015). Starting at the crossroads: Intersectional approaches to institutionally supporting underrepresented minority women STEM faculty. Journal of Women and Minorities in Science and Engineering, 21(2).

Ash, A. S., Carr, P. L., Goldstein, R., and Friedman, R. H. (2004). Compensation and advancement of women in academic medicine: Is there equity? Annals of Internal Medicine, 141(3), 205–212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajo.2004.09.012.

Ashburn-Nardo, L., Morris, K. A., and Goodwin, S. A. (2008). The Confronting Prejudiced Responses (CPR) Model: Applying CPR in organizations. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 7(3), 332–342.

Association for Title IX Administrators. (2012). Statement of Ethics and Title IX Coordinators Competencies 5 Available at https://atixa.org/.

Ayres, I., and Unkovic, C. (2012). Faculty Scholarship Series. Paper 4741. http://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/fss_papers/4741.

Bacharach, S. B., Bamberger, P. A., and McKinney, V. M. (2007). Harassing under the influence: The prevalence of male heavy drinking, the embeddedness of permissive workplace drinking norms, and the gender harassment of female coworkers. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 12(3), 232–250. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8998.12.3.232.

Backhouse, C., and Cohen, L. (1978). The secret oppression: Sexual harassment of working women. Toronto Macmillan of Canada.

Baker, C. N. (2008). The women’s movement against sexual harassment. Cambridge University Press.

Baldwin Jr, D. C., Daugherty, S. R., and Rowley, B. D. (1996). Residents’ and medical students’ reports of sexual harassment and discrimination. Academic Medicine, 71(10), S25–S27.

Baldwin, T. T., and Ford, J. K. (1988). Transfer of training: A review and directions for future research. Personnel Psychology, 41(1), 63–105.

Banakar, R., and Travers, M. eds. (2005). Theory and method in socio-legal research. Oxford: Hart Publishing.

Bandura, A. (1991). Social cognitive theory of self-regulation. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 248–287.

Banerjee, D., and Pawley, A. L. (2013). Gender and promotion: How do science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) faculty members survive a foggy climate? Journal of Women and Minorities in Science and Engineering, 19(4).

Banyard, V. L. (2015). Toward the Next Generation of Bystander Prevention of Sexual and Relationship Violence: Action Coils to Engage Communities. New York: Springer International Publishing.

Banyard, V. L., Moynihan, M. M., and Plante, E. G. (2007). Sexual violence prevention through bystander education: An experimental evaluation. Journal of Community Psychology, 35(4), 463–481.

Banyard, V. L., Plante, E. G., and Moynihan, M. M. (2004). Bystander education: Bringing a broader community perspective to sexual violence prevention. Journal of Community Psychology, 32(1), 61–79.

Barickman, R., Paludi, M., and Rabinowitz, V. C. (1992). Sexual harassment of students: Victims of the college experience. Critical Issues in Victimology: International Perspectives, 153–165.

Barling, J. (1996). The prediction, experience, and consequences of workplace violence. Violence on the Job: Identifying Risks and Developing Solutions, 29-49.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×

Barling, J., Dekker, I., Loughlin, C. A., Kevin Kelloway, E., Fullagar, C., and Johnson, D. (1996). Prediction and replication of the organizational and personal consequences of workplace sexual harassment. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 11(5), 4–25.

Barling, J., Rogers, A. G., and Kelloway, E. K. (2001). Behind closed doors: In-home workers’ experience of sexual harassment and workplace violence. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 6(3), 255.

Bastian, L. D., Lancaster, A. R., and Reyst, H. E. (1996). Sexual Harassment Survey. Department of Defense, Defense Manpower Data Center.

Bazeley, P. (2003). Computerized data analysis for mixed methods research. Handbook of Mixed Methods in Social and Behavioral Research, 385–422.

Begany, J. J., and Milburn, M. A. (2002). Psychological predictors of sexual harassment: Authoritarianism, hostile sexism, and rape myths. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 3(2), 119.

Bell, B. S., and Ford, J. K. (2007). Reactions to skill assessment: The forgotten factor in explaining motivation to learn. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 18(1), 33–62.

Benard, S., and Correll, S. J. (2010) Normative discrimination and the motherhood penalty. Gender & Society, 24(5), 616–646.

Berdahl, J. L. (2007a). Harassment based on sex: Protecting social status in the context of gender hierarchy. Academy of Management Review, 32(2), 641–658.

Berdahl, J. L. (2007b). The sexual harassment of uppity women. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(2), 425–437.

Berdahl, J. L., and Moore, C. (2006). Workplace harassment: Double jeopardy for minority women. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91(2), 426–436. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.91.2.426.

Bergman, M. E., and Drasgow, F. (2003). Race as a moderator in a model of sexual harassment: An empirical test. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 8(2), 131.

Bergman, M. E., Langhout, R. D., Palmieri, P. A., Cortina, L. M., and Fitzgerald, L. F. (2002). The (un)reasonableness of reporting: Antecedents and consequences of reporting sexual harassment. Journal of Applied Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037//0021-9010.87.2.230.

Berrey, E. (2015). The enigma of diversity: The language of race and the limits of racial justice. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Berrey, E., Nelson, R. L., and Nielsen, L. B. (2017). Rights on trial: How workplace discrimination law perpetuates inequality. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Binder, R. L. (1992). Sexual harassment: Issues for forensic psychiatrists. Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 20(4), 409–418.

Bingham, S. G., and Scherer, L. L. (2001). The unexpected effects of a sexual harassment educational program. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 37(2), 125–153.

Bisom-Rapp, S. (2001). Fixing watches with sledgehammers: The questionable embrace of employee sexual harassment training by the legal profession. Thomas Jefferson Law Review, 24, 125.

Blume, B. D., Ford, J. K., Baldwin, T. T., and Huang, J. L. (2010). Transfer of training: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Management, 36, 1065–1105.

Bond, M. A., Punnett, L., Pyle, J. L., Cazeca, D., and Cooperman, M. (2004). Gendered work conditions, health, and work outcomes. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 9(1), 28.

Bowling, N. A., and Beehr, T. A. (2006). Workplace harassment from the victim’s perspective: A theoretical model and meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91(5), 998–1012. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.91.5.998.

Brake, D. L. (2005). Retaliation. Minnesota Law Review, 90, 18.

Buchanan, N. T., Settles, I. H., Hall, A. T., and O’Connor, R. C. (2014). A review of organizational strategies for reducing sexual harassment: Insights from the U.S. military. Journal of Social Issues. https://doi.org/10.1111/josi.12086.

Buchanan, N. T., Settles, I. H., and Woods, K. C. (2008). Comparing sexual harassment subtypes among black and white women by military rank: Double jeopardy, the jezebel, and the cult of true womanhood. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 32(4), 347–361.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×

Buckner, G. E., Hindman, H. D., Huelsman, T. J., and Bergman, J. Z. (2014). Managing workplace sexual harassment: The role of manager training. Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, 26(4), 257–278.

Bumiller, K. (1992). The civil rights society: The social construction of victims. Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press.

Bumiller, K. (1987). Victims in the shadow of the law. Signs, 12(3), 421–439.

Buzzelli, D. E. (1993). The definition of misconduct in science: A view from NSF. Science, 259(5095), 584–585.

Cady, S. H., and Valentine, J. (1999). Team innovation and perceptions of consideration: What difference does diversity make?. Small Group Research, 30(6), 730–750.

Cahill, M. (2001). Social Construction of Sexual Harassment Law (No. 2895). Mathematica Policy Research.

Calabrese, A. (2015). Liberalism’s disease: Civility above justice. European Journal of Communication, 30(5), 539–553.

Cammaert, L. P. (1985). How widespread is sexual harassment on campus? International Journal of Women’s Studies, 8(4), 388–397.

Cantalupo, N. C., and Kidder, W. (2017a). A systematic look at a serial problem: Sexual harassment of students by university faculty (May 20, 2017). Utah Law Review. Available at https://ssrn.com/abstract=2971447.

Cantalupo, N. C., and Kidder, W. C. (2017b), Mapping the Title IX iceberg: Sexual harassment (mostly) in graduate school by college faculty, Journal of Legal Education, 66(4).

Cantor, D., Fisher, B., Chibnall, S. H., Bruce, C., Townsend, R., Thomas, G., and Lee, H. (2015). Report on the AAU Campus Climate Survey on Sexual Assault and Sexual Misconduct.

Caplan, P. J. (1993). Lifting a ton of feathers: A woman’s guide for surviving in the academic world. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.

Carbado, D. W. (2013). Colorblind intersectionality. Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, 38(4), 811–845.

Carnes, M., Devine, P. G., Isaac, C., Manwell, L. B., Ford, C. E., Byars-Winston, A., Fine, E., and Sheridan, J. (2012). Promoting institutional change through bias literacy. Journal of Diversity in Higher Education, 5(2), 63–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0028128.

Carnes, M., Devine, P. G., Manwell, L. B., Byars-Winston, A., Fine, E., Ford, C. E., Forscher, P., et al. (2015). The effect of an intervention to break the gender bias habit for faculty at one institution: A cluster randomized, controlled trial. Academic Medicine: Journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges, 90(2), 221–230. http://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0000000000000552.

Chan, D. K. S., Lam, C. B., Chow, S. Y., and Cheung, S. F. (2008). Examining the job-related, psychological, and physical outcomes of workplace sexual harassment: A meta-analytic review. Psychology of Women Quarterly. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.2008.00451.x.

Chan, D. K. S., Tang, C .S.-K, and Chan, W. (1999). Sexual harassment: A preliminary analysis of its effects on Hong Kong Chinese women in the workplace and academia. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 23, 661–672.

CHERI (Cornell Higher Education Research Institute). n.d. CHERI Survey of Start-Up Costs and Laboratory Allocation Rules: Summary of Findings. Available at https://www.ilr.cornell.edu/cheri/surveys/cheri-survey-start-costs-and-laboratory-allocation-rules.

Cheung, H. K., Goldberg, C. B., King, E. B., and Magley, V. J. (2017). Are they true to the cause? Beliefs about organizational and unit commitment to sexual harassment awareness training. Group & Organization Management, 1059601117726677.

Cho, S., Crenshaw, K. W., and McCall, L. (2013). Toward a field of intersectionality studies: Theory, applications, and praxis. Journal of Women in Culture and Society, 38(4), 785–810.

Chronicle of Higher Education (September 22, 2017). What does the end of Obama’s Title IX mean for colleges? https://www.chronicle.com/article/What-Does-the-End-of-Obama-s/241281.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×

Clancy, K. B. H., Lee, K. M. N., Rodgers, E. M., and Richey, C. (2017). Double jeopardy in astronomy and planetary science: Women of color face greater risks of gendered and racial harassment. Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JE005256.

Clancy, K. B. H., Nelson, R. G., Rutherford, J. N., and Hinde, K. (2014). Survey of Academic Field Experiences (SAFE): Trainees report harassment and assault. PLoS ONE, 9(7), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0102172.

Cochran, A., Hauschild, T., Elder, W. B., Neumayer, L. A., Brasel, K. J., and Crandall, M. L. (2013). Perceived gender-based barriers to careers in academic surgery. The American Journal of Surgery, 206(2), 263–268.

Collins, P. H. (2015). Intersectionality’s definitional dilemmas. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-soc-073014-112142.

Colquitt, J. A., LePine, J. A., and Noe, R. A. (2000). Toward an integrative theory of training motivation: A meta-analytic path analysis of 20 years of research. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85(5), 678.

Colvin, A. J., and Gough, M. D. (2015). Individual employment rights arbitration in the United States: Actors and outcomes. ILR Review, 68(5), 1019–1042.

Corcion, A. A. S. (1979). Fighting sexual harassment: An advocacy handbook. Boston, Alyson Publications/Alliance Against Sexual Coercion.

Cortina, L. M. (2008). Unseen injustice: Incivility as modern discrimination in organizations. Academy of Management Review, 11(1), 55–75.

Cortina, L. M. (2004). Hispanic perspectives on sexual harassment and social support. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 30(5), 570–584.

Cortina, L. M., and Berdahl, J. L. (2008). Sexual Harassment in Organizations: A Decade of Research in Review. In J. Barling and C. L. Cooper (eds.), The SAGE handbook of organizational behavior: Volume 1 Micro Approaches (469–497). London: Sage Publications.

Cortina, L. M., Fitzgerald, L. F., and Drasgow, F. (2002). Contextualizing Latina experiences of sexual harassment: Preliminary tests of a structural model. Basic & Applied Social Psychology, 24(4), 295–311. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15324834BASP2404_5.

Cortina, L. M., Kabat-Farr, D., Magley, V. J., and Nelson, K. (2017). Researching rudeness: The past, present, and future of the science of incivility. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 22(3), 299.

Cortina, L. M., Koss, M. P., and Cook, S. L. (2018). What’s the difference between sexual abuse, sexual assault, sexual harassment and rape. The Conversation.https://theconversation.com/whats-the-difference-between-sexual-abuse-sexual-assault-sexual-harassment-and-rape-88218

Cortina, L. M., Lonsway, K. A., Magley, V. J., Freeman, L. V., Collinsworth, L. L., Hunter, M., and Fitzgerald, L. F. (2002). What’s gender got to do with it? Incivility in the federal courts. Law & Social Inquiry, 27(2), 235–270.

Cortina, L. M., and Magley, V. J. (2003). Raising voice, risking retaliation: Events following interpersonal mistreatment in the workplace. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8998.8.4.247.

Cortina, L. M., Swan, S., Fitzgerald, L. F., and Waldo, C. (1998). Sexual harassment and assault. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 22(3), 419–441. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.1998.tb00166.x.

Cosentino, C., and Banerjee, A. (2017). More women are pursuing engineering degrees, but vast disparities remain. ASEE Voices on Women’s Participation and Retention Workshop Report. https://www.asee.org/documents/publications/reports/2017TUEEPhase3.pdf.

Courtois, M., Delroisse, S., Herman, G., Desmette, D., Iweins, C., and Stinglhamber, F. (2014). Suppression and justification processes to reduce in-group bias in a multiculturalism diversity context. Revue Européenne de Psychologie Appliquée/European Review of Applied Psychology, 64(6), 279–288.

Crenshaw, K. W. (2014). The structural and political dimensions of intersectional oppression. Intersectionality: A Foundations and Frontiers Reader, 17–22.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×

Crenshaw, K. W. (1991). Mapping the margins: Intersectionality, identity politics, and violence against women of color. Stanford Law Review, 43, 1241.

Crenshaw, K. W. (1989). Demarginalizing the intersection of race and sex: A black feminist critique of antidiscrimination doctrine, feminist theory and antiracist politics. University of Chicago Legal Forum, 139.

Creswell, J. W. (2013). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Los Angeles, CA: Sage.

Crosby, F. J. (1993). Why complain? Journal of Social Issues, 49(1), 169–184.

Culbertson, A. L, and Rosenfeld, P. (1994). Assessment of sexual harassment in the active-duty Navy. Military Psychology, 6(2), 69.

Czopp, A. M., and Monteith, M. J. (2003). Confronting prejudice (literally): Reactions to confrontations of racial and gender bias. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29(4), 532–544.

Dall’Ara, E., and Maass, A. (1999). Studying sexual harassment in the laboratory: Are egalitarian women at higher risk? Sex Roles, 41(9–10), 681–704. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018816025988.

Dansky, B.S., and Kilpatrick, D.G. (1997). Effects of Sexual Harassment. In W. O’Donohue (ed.), Sexual Harassment: Theory, Research, and Treatment. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.

De Haas, S., Timmerman, G., and Höing, M. (2009). Sexual harassment and health among male and female police officers. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 14(4), 390.

Decker, P. J., and Nathan, B. R. (1985). Behavior modeling training. New York: Praeger.

Dekker, I., and Barling, J. (1998). Personal and organizational predictors of workplace sexual harassment of women by men. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 3(1), 7–18. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8998.3.1.7.

Devine, P. G. (1989). Stereotypes and prejudice—their automatic and controlled components. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56, 5–18.

Devine, P. G., Forscher, P. S., Austin, A. J., and Cox, W. T .L. (2012). Long-term reduction in implicit race bias: A prejudice habit-breaking intervention. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 48(6), 1267–1278.

Diehl, C., Rees, J., and Bohner, G. (2012). Flirting with disaster: Short-term mating orientation and hostile sexism predict different types of sexual harassment. Aggressive Behavior, 38(6), 521–531. https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.21444.

Dietert, M., and Dentice, D. (2009). Gender identity issues and workplace discrimination: The transgender experience. Journal of Workplace Rights, 14(1).

Dillman, D. A., Smyth, J. D., and Christian, L. M. (2008). Internet, Mail, and Mixed-Mode Surveys: The Tailored Design Method (3rd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Dipboye, R. L., and Colella, A. (Eds.). (2013). Discrimination at work: The psychological and organizational bases. New York: Psychology Press.

DMDC (Defense Manpower Data Center). (2013). 2012 Workplace and Gender Relations Survey of Active Duty Members. Department of Defense. DMDC Report No. 2013-065. http://www.sapr.mil/public/docs/WGRActiveDuty2012Report.pdf.

DMDC. (2011). 2010 Workplace and Gender Relations Survey of Active Duty Members: Overview Report on Sexual Assault .DMDC Report No. 2010-025. http://www.sapr.mil/public/docs/DMDC2010WGRAOverviewReportofSexualAssault.pdf

DMDC. (2008). 2006 Workplace and Gender Relations Survey of Active Duty Members Report on Scales and Measures. DMDC Report No. 2007-022. http://www.ncdsv.org/images/DODGenderRelationsSurveyOfActiveDutyMembers2006pdf.

DMDC. (2003). Armed Forces 2002, Sexual Harassment Survey. DMDC Report No. 2003-026. http://archive.defense.gov/news/Feb2004/d20040227shs.1.pdf.

Dobbin, F. (2009). Inventing Equal Opportunity. Princeton University Press.

Dodd, M., Janson, S., Facione, N., Faucett, J., Froelicher, E. S., Humphreys, J., Lee, K., et al. (2001). Advancing the science of symptom management. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 33(5), 668–676.

Driscoll, D. M., Kelly, J. R., and Henderson, W. L. (1998). Can perceivers identify likelihood to sexually harass? Sex Roles, 38(7), 557–588.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×

DuBois, L. Z., Powers, S., Everett, B. G., and Juster, R. P. (2017). Stigma and diurnal cortisol among transitioning transgender men. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 82, 59–66.

Duffy, J., Wareham, S., and Walsh, M. (2004). Psychological consequences for high school students of having been sexually harassed. Sex Roles, 50(11–12), 811–821. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:SERS.0000029099.38912.28.

Dwertmann, D. J. G., Nishii, L. H., Knippenberg, D. (2016). Disentangling the fairness and discrimination and synergy perspectives on diversity climate: Moving the field forward. Journal of Management 42(5), 1136–1168.

Dwyer, S., Richard, O. C., and Chadwick, K. (2003). Gender diversity in management and firm performance: The influence of growth orientation and organizational culture. Journal of Business Research, 56(12), 1009–1019.

Eagan, M. K., Stolzenberg, E. B., Berdan Lozano, J., Aragon, M. C., Suchard, M. R. and Hurtado, S. (2014). Undergraduate teaching faculty: The 2013–2014 HERI Faculty Survey. Los Angeles: Higher Education Research Institute, UCLA.

Edelman, L. B. (2016). Working law: Courts, corporations, and symbolic civil rights. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Edelman, L. B., Fuller, S. R., and Mara-Drita, I. (2001). Diversity rhetoric and the managerialization of law. American Journal of Sociology, 106(6), 1589–1641.

Edelman, L. B., Krieger, L. H., Eliason, S. R., Albiston, C. R., and Mellema, V. (2011). When organizations rule: Judicial deference to institutionalized employment structures. American Journal of Sociology, 117(3), 888–954. https://doi.org/10.1086/661984.

Edelman, L. B., and Suchman, M. C. (1999). When the “haves” hold court: Speculations on the organizational internalization of law. Law and Society Review, 941–991.

EEOC (Equal Employment Opportunity Commission) (2010). Questions and Answers for Small Employers on Employer Liability for Harassment by Supervisors. https://www.eeoc.gov/policy/docs/harassment-facts.html.

Ellickson R. C. (1991). Order without law: How neighbors settle disputes. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Ellis, S., Barak, A., and Pinto, A. (1991). Moderating effects of personal cognitions on experienced and perceived sexual harassment of women at the workplace. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 21(16), 1320–1337. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.1991.tb00473.x.

Engel, D. M. (2016). The myth of the litigious society: Why we don’t sue. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Engel, D. M. (1984). The oven bird’s song: Insiders, outsiders, and personal injuries in an American community. Law and Society Review, 551–582.

Epp, C. R. (2010). Making rights real: activists, bureaucrats, and the creation of the legalistic state. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Equity Challenge Unit. Athena SWAN Charter. (n.d.). Available at http://www.ecu.ac.uk/equality-charters/athena-swan/about-athena-swan/. (accessed June 25, 2017).

Equity Challenge Unit (2014). Evaluating the Effectiveness and Impact of the Athena SWAN Charter. Available at http://www.ecu.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/external/evaluating-the-effectiveness-and-impact-of-the-athena-swan-charter.pdf.

Euben, D. R. and Lee, B. A. (2006). Faculty discipline: Legal and policy issues in dealing with faculty misconduct. Journal of College and University Law, 32(2), 241–308.

Farley, L. (1978). Sexual shakedown: The sexual harassment of women on the job. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Feldblum, C. R., and Lipnic, V. A. (2016). Select Task Force on Harassment in the Workplace. U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.

Felstiner, W. L. F., Abel, R. L., and Sarat, A. (1980). The emergence and transformation of disputes: Naming, blaming, claiming … . Law & Society Review 15: 631–654.

Ferrant, G., and Kolev, A. (2016). The Economic Cost of Gender-based Discrimination in Social Institutions. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Center.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×

Fitzgerald, L. F. (1990). Sexual harassment: The definition and measurement of a construct. Ivory Power: Sexual Harassment on Campus, 21(22), 24–30.

Fitzgerald, L. F., Buchanan, N. T., Collinsworth, L. L., Magley, V. J., and Ramos, A. M. (1999). Junk logic: The abuse defense in sexual harassment litigation. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 5(3), 730.

Fitzgerald, L. F., and Cortina, L. M. (2017). Sexual Harassment in Work Organizations: A View From the Twenty-First Century. In C. B. Travis and J. W. White (eds.), APA Handbook of the Psychology of Women. APA. Available at http://www.apa.org/pubs/books/4311534.aspx?tab=2.

Fitzgerald, L. F., Drasgow, F., Hulin, C. L., Gelfand, M. J., and Magley, V. J. (1997). Antecedents and consequences of sexual harassment in organizations: A test of an integrated model. Journal of Applied Psychology, 82(4), 578–589.

Fitzgerald, L. F., Drasgow, F., and Magley, V. J. (1999). Sexual harassment in the armed forces: A test of an integrated model. Military Psychology, 11(3), 329–343. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327876mp1103_7.

Fitzgerald, L. F., Gelfand, M. J., and Drasgow, F. (1995). Measuring sexual harassment: Theoretical and psychometric advances. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 17(4), 425–445.

Fitzgerald, L., Magley, V., Drasgow, F., and Waldo, C. R. (1999). Measuring sexual harassment in the military: The Sexual Experiences Questionnaire (SEQ—DOD). Military Psychology, 11(3).

Fitzgerald, L. F., Shullman, S. L., Bailey, N., Richards, M., Swecker, J., Gold, Y., Ormerod, M., and Weitzman, L. (1988). The incidence and dimensions of sexual harassment in academia and the workplace. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 32(2), 152–175. https://doi.org/10.1016/00018791(88)90012-7.

Fitzgerald, L. F., Swan, S., and Fischer, K. (1995). Why didn’t she just report him? The psychological and legal implications of women’s strategies for responding to sexual harassment. Journal of Social Issues, 51, 117–138.

Fitzgerald, L. F., Swan, S., and Magley, V. (1997). But Was it Really Sexual Harassment?: Legal, Behavioral, and Psychological Definitions of the Workplace Victimization of Women. In W. T. O’Donohue (ed.), Sexual harassment: Theory, research, and treatment. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.

Flood, P. C., Hannan, E., Smith, K. G., Turner, T., West, M. A., and Dawson, J. (2000). Chief executive leadership style, consensus decision making, and top management team effectiveness. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 9(3), 401–420.

Fnais, N., Soobiah, C., Chen, M. H., Lillie, E., Perrier, L., Tashkhandi, M., Straus, S.E., Mamdani, M., Al-Omran, M., and Tricco, A. C. (2014). Harassment and discrimination in medical training: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Academic Medicine, 89(5), 817–827. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0000000000000200.

Folz, C. (2016). No Evidence That Training Prevents Harassment, Finds EEOC Task Force. Available at https://www.shrm.org/hr-today/news/hr-news/pages/eeoc-harassment-task-force.aspx.

Fox, A., Deaney, R., and Wilson, E. (2010). Examining beginning teachers’ perceptions of workplace support. Journal of Workplace learning, 22(4), 212–227.

Francoeur, C., Labelle, R., and Sinclair-Desgagné, B. (2008). Gender diversity in corporate governance and top management. Journal of Business Ethics, 81(1), 83–95.

Frank, E., Brogan, D., and Schiffman, M. (1998). Prevalence and correlates of harassment among U.S. women physicians. Archives of Internal Medicine, 158(4), 352–358.

Frank, E., Carrera, J. S., Stratton, T., Bickel, J., and Nora, L. M. (2006). Experiences of belittlement and harassment and their correlates among medical students in the United States: Longitudinal survey. BMJ, 333(7570), 682.

Freels, S. A., Richman, J. A., and Rospenda, K. M. (2005). Gender differences in the causal direction between workplace harassment and drinking. Addictive Behaviors, 30(7), 1454–1458.

Freeman, A. (1978). Legitimizing racial discrimination through antidiscrimination law: critical review of Supreme Court doctrine. Minnesota Law Review 62(6), 1049–1120.

Freyd, J. J., and Birrell, P. J. (2013). Blind to betrayal: Why we fool ourselves, We aren’t being fooled. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×

Fried, J. M., Vermillion, M., Parker, N., and Uijtdehaage, S. (2012). Eradicating medical student mistreatment: A longitudinal study of one institution’s efforts. Academic Medicine, 87(9), 1191–1198. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0b013e3182625408.Eradicating.

Fusilier, M., and Penrod, C. (2015). University employee sexual harassment policies. Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, 27(1), 47–60. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10672-014-9255-0.

Galdi, S., Maass, A., and Cadinu, M. (2014). Objectifying media. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 38(3), 398–413. https://doi.org/10.1177/0361684313515185.

Gelfand, M. J., Erez, M., and Aycan, Z. (2007). Cross-cultural organizational behavior. Annual Review of Psychology, 58, 479–514.

Gelfand, M. J., Fitzgerald, L. F., and Drasgow, F. (1995). The structure of sexual harassment: A confirmatory analysis across cultures and settings. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 47(2), 164–177.

Gelfand, M. J., Nishii, L. H., Raver, J. L., and Schneider, B. (2007). Discrimination in Organizations: An Organizational-Level Systems Perspective. CAHRS Working Paper Series, 470.

Glick, P., and Fiske, S. T. (2001). An ambivalent alliance: Hostile and benevolent sexism as complementary justification for gender inequality. American Psychologist, 56(2), 109–118.

Glomb, T. M., Munson, L. J., Hulin, C. L., Bergman, M. E., and Drasgow, F. (1999). Structural equation models of sexual harassment: longitudinal explorations and cross-sectional generalizations. Journal of Applied Psychology, 84(1), 14.

Glomb, T., Richman, W., Hulin, C. L., Drasgow, F., Schneider, K., and Fitzgerald, L. F. (1997). Ambient sexual harassment: An integrated model of antecedents and consequences. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 71(3), 309–328. https://doi.org/10.1037/00219010.82.4.578.

Gold, L. H. (2004). The workplace. Textbook of Forensic Psychiatry, 303–334. http://www.nm.sbmu.ac.ir/uploads/ForensicPsychiatry2010.pdf#page=328.

Goldstein, A.P., and Sorcher, M. (1974). Changing supervisory behavior. New York: Pegamon Press.

Goldstein, I. L., and Ford, J. K. (2002). Training in organizations: Needs assessment, development, and evaluation. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth/Thomson Learning.

Gonzalez, H. B., and Feder, J. (2016). Sexual violence at institutions of higher education specialist in education policy. Available at www.crs.gov.

Gough, M. D. (2014). The high costs of an inexpensive forum: An empirical analysis of employment discrimination claims heard in arbitration and civil litigation. Berkeley Journal of Employment and Labor Law, 91–112.

Grauerholz, E. (1989). Sexual harassment of women professors by students: Exploring the dynamics of power, authority, and gender in a university setting. Sex Roles, 21(11–12), 789–801.

Greco, L. M., O’Boyle, E. H., and Walter, S. L. (2015). Absence of malice: A meta-analysis of nonresponse bias in counterproductive work behavior research. Journal of Applied Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0037495.

Green, T. K. (2016). Discrimination laundering: The rise of organizational innocence and the crisis of equal opportunity law. Cambridge UK: Cambridge University Press.

Grossman, J. L. (2005). When Can Consensual Sex Create a Hostile Workplace Environment? | FindLaw. FindLaw. Available at http://supreme.findlaw.com/legal-commentary/when-can-consensual-sex-create-a-hostile-workplace-environment.html.

Grossman, J. L. (2003). Culture of compliance: The final triumph of form over substance in sexual harassment law. Harvard Women’s Law Journal, 26(3). https://doi.org/10.3868/s050-004-0150003-8.

Gruber, J. E. (1998). The impact of male work environments and organizational policies on women’s experiences of sexual harassment. Gender & Society, 12(3), 301–320.

Gruber, J. E., and Smith, M. D. (1995). Women’s responses to sexual harassment: A multivariate analysis. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 17(4), 543–562.

Grunspan, D. Z., Wiggins, B. L., and Goodreau, S. M. (2014). Understanding classrooms through social network analysis: A primer for social network analysis in education research. CBE-Life Sciences Education, 13(2), 167–178.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×

Gutek, B. A., and Morasch, B. (1982). Sex-ratios, sex-role spillover, and sexual harassment of women at work. Journal of Social Issues, 38(4), 55–74.

Halperin, D. M., and Hoppe, T. (eds.) (2017). The war on sex. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.

Hamilton, J. A., Alagna, S. W., King, L. S., and Lloyd, C. (1987). The emotional consequences of gender-based abuse in the workplace: New counseling programs for sex discrimination. Women & Therapy, 6(1-2), 155–182.

Harned, M. S., and Fitzgerald, L. F. (2002). Understanding a link between sexual harassment and eating disorder symptoms: A mediational analysis. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.70.5.1170.

Harned, M. S., Ormerod, A. J., Palmieri, P. A., Collinsworth, L. L., and Reed, M. (2002). Sexual assault and other types of sexual harassment by workplace personnel: A comparison of antecedents and consequences. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 7(2), 174.

Harrison, T. R. (2007). My professor is so unfair: Student attitudes and experiences of conflict with faculty. Conflict Resolution Quarterly, 24(3), 349–368.

Hebl, M., Madera, J. M., and King, E. (2008). Exclusion, avoidance and social distancing. In Thomas, K. M. ed. Diversity Resistance in Organizations pp. 127–150. New York: Taylor & Francis Group

Helmreich, R. L., and Spence, J. T. (1978). The Work and Family Orientation Questionnaire: An objective instrument to assess components of achievement motivation and attitudes toward family and career. American Psychological Association, Journal Supplement Abstract Service.

Hermanowicz, J. C. (2012). The sociology of academic careers: Problems and prospects. In Higher Education: Handbook of Theory and Research pp. 207–248. Springer, Dordrecht.

Hesson-McInnis, M. S., and Fitzgerald, L. F. (1997). Sexual harassment: A preliminary test of an integrative model. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 27(10), 877–901.

Hewlin, P. F. (2009). Wearing the cloak: antecedents and consequences of creating facades of conformity. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94(3), 727.

Hill, C., and Silva, E. (2005). Drawing the Line: Sexual Harassment on Campus. American Association of University Women Educational Foundation. https://www.aauw.org/files/2013/02/drawing-the-line-sexual-harassment-on-campus.pdf.

Hinze, S. W. (2004). “Am I being over-sensitive?” Women’s experience of sexual harassment during medical training. Health, 8(1), 101–127.

Hitlan, R. T., Pryor, J. B., Hesson-McInnis, M. S., and Olson, M. (2009). Antecedents of gender harassment: An analysis of person and situation factors. Sex Roles. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-009-9689-2.

Hitlan, R. T., Schneider, K. T., and Walsh, B. M. (2006). Upsetting behavior: Reactions to personal and bystander sexual harassment experiences. Sex Roles. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-0069072-5.

Ho, I. K., Dinh, K. T., Bellefontaine, S. A., and Irving, A. L. (2012). Sexual harassment and posttraumatic stress symptoms among Asian and white women. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 21(1), 95–113. https://doi.org/10.1080/10926771.2012.633238

Holland, K. J., and Cortina, L. M. (2016). Sexual Harassment: Undermining the Wellbeing of Working Women. In M. L. Connerley and J. Wu (eds.), Handbook on well-being of working women (pp. 83–101). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9897-6.

Holland, K. J., and Cortina, L. M. (2013). When sexism and feminism collide. Psychology of Women Quarterly. https://doi.org/10.1177/0361684313482873.

Holland, K. J., Cortina, L. M., Freyd, J. J., and Note, A. (2018). Compelled Disclosure of College Sexual Assault. https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0000186.

Holland, K. J., Rabelo, V. C., and Cortina, L. (2016). See something, do something: Predicting sexual assault bystander intentions in the U.S. military. American Journal of Community Psychology, 58(1-2), 3–15.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×

Houk, C. S., Rowe, M. P., Katz, D. A., Katz, N. H., Marx, L., and Hedeen, T. (2016). A Reappraisal: The Nature and Value of Ombudsmen in Federal Agencies. Prepared for the Administrative Conferences of the United States. Available at https://www.acus.gov/sites/default/files/documents/PART%201_Executive%20Summary%20%28ACUS%29%2011.16.16_0.pdf.

House of Representatives. (n.d.). Green, Edith Starrett. http://history.house.gov/People/Detail/14080.

Hoy, A. (2016). Top AAAS Official Calls for Broader Scientific Research Misconduct Policing. American Association for the Advancement of Science. Available at https://www.aaas.org/news/top-aaas-official-calls-broader-scientific-research-misconduct-policing.

Huerta, M., Cortina, L. M., Pang, J. S., Torges, C. M., and Magley, V. J. (2006). Sex and power in the academy: Modeling sexual harassment in the lives of college women. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 32(5), 616–628. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167205284281.

Hulin, C. L., Fitzgerald, L. F., and Drasgow, F. (1996). Organizational influences on sexual harassment. In Sexual harassment in the workplace: Perspectives, frontiers, and response strategies. (127–150). Thousand Oaks, CA. Sage Publications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483327280.n7.

Ilies, R., Hauserman, N., Schwochau, S., and Stibal, J. (2003). Reported incidence rates of work-related sexual harassment in the United States: Using meta-analysis to explain reported rate disparities. Personnel Psychology, 56(3), 607–631. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2003.tb00752.x.

Irwin, J. (2002). Discrimination against gay men, lesbians, and transgender people working in education. Journal of Gay & Lesbian Social Services, 14(2), 65–77.

Isbell, L. A., Young, T. P., and Harcourt, A. H. (2012). Stag parties linger: Continued gender bias in a female-rich scientific discipline. PLoS One, 7(11), e49682.

Jackson, J. J., and Kirkpatrick, L. A. (2007). The structure and measurement of human mating strategies: Toward a multidimensional model of sociosexuality. Evolution and Human Behavior, 28(6), 382–391.

Jagsi, R., Griffith, K. A., Jones, R., Perumalswami, C. R., Ubel, P., and Stewart, A. (2016). Sexual harassment and discrimination experiences of academic medical faculty. JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association, 315(19), 2120–2121. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2016.2188.

Jayne, M. E., and Dipboye, R. L. (2004). Leveraging diversity to improve business performance: Research findings and recommendations for organizations. Human Resource Management, 43(4), 409–424.

Jenkins, P. (1992). Intimate enemies: Moral panics in contemporary Great Britain. New York: Aldine De Gruyter.

Johnson, J. C., Gamst, G., Meyers, L. S., Arellano-Morales, L., and Shorter-Gooden, K. (2016). Development and validation of the African American women’s shifting scale (AAWSS). Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 22(1), 11−25.

Jones, C., and Shorter-Gooden, K. (2003). Shifting: The double lives of African American women in America. HarperCollins.

Joshi, A. (2014). By whom and when is women’s expertise recognized? The interactive effects of gender and education in science and engineering teams. Administrative Science Quarterly, 59(2), 202–239.

Juliano, A., and Schwab, S. J. (2000). The sweep of sexual harassment cases. Cornell Law Review, 86, 548.

Kabat-Farr, D., and Cortina, L. M. (2014). Sex-based harassment in employment: New insights into gender and context. Law and Human Behavior. https://doi.org/10.1037/lhb0000045.

Kaiser, C. R., and Miller, C. T. (2003). Derogating the victim: The interpersonal consequences of blaming events on discrimination. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 6(3), 227–237.

Kalinoski, Z., Steele-Johnson, D., Peyton, E., Leas, K., Steinke, J., and Bowling, N. (2013). A meta-analytic evaluation of diversity training outcomes. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 34(8), 1076–1104. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.1839

Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×

Karp, D., Shackford-Bradley, J., Wilson, R., and Williamsen, K. (2016). Campus Prism: A R eport on Promoting Restorative initiatives for Sexual Misconduct on College Campuses. Available at http://www.skidmore.edu/campusrj/documents/Campus_PRISM__Report_2016.pdf.

Karpowitz, C. F., and Mendelberg, T. (2014). The silent sex: Gender, deliberation, and institutions. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

Kelly, E., and Dobbin, F. (1998). How affirmative action became diversity management: Employer response to antidiscrimination law, 1961 to 1996. American Behavioral Scientist, 41(7), 960–984.

Knapp, D. E., Faley, R. H., Ekeberg, S. E., and Dubois, C. L. (1997). Determinants of target responses to sexual harassment: A conceptual framework. Academy of Management Review, 22(3), 687–729.

Koebel, J. T. (2016). Campus misconduct proceeding outcome notifications: A Title IX, Clery Act, and FERPA compliance blueprint. Pace Law Review, 37, 551.

Komaromy, M., Bindman, A. B., Haber, R. J., and Sande, M. A. (1993). Sexual harassment in medical training. New England Journal of Medicine, 328(5), 322–326. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199302043280507.

Konik, J., and Cortina, L. M. (2008). Policing gender at work: Intersections of harassment based on sex and sexuality. Social Justice Research. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11211-008-0074-z.

Koss, M. P. (2014). The RESTORE program of restorative justice for sex crimes: Vision, process, and outcomes. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 29(9), 1623–1660.

Koss, M. P. (1992), The underdetection of rape: Methodological choices influence incidence estimates. Journal of Social Issues, 48, 61–75. doi:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1992.tb01157.x.

Koss, M. P., Wilgus, J. K., and Williamsen, K. M. (2014). Campus sexual misconduct: Restorative justice approaches to enhance compliance with Title IX guidance. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 15(3), 242–257.

Kozlowski, S. W., and Doherty, M. L. (1989). Integration of climate and leadership: Examination of a neglected issue. Journal of Applied Psychology, 74, 546–553. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.74.4.546.

Krebs, C., Lindquist, C., Berzofsky, M., Shook-Sa, B., Peterson, K., Planty, M., Langton, L., and Stroop, J. (2016). Bureau of Justice Statistics Research and Development Series Campus Climate Survey Validation Study Final Technical Report.

Krings, F., and Facchin, S. (2009). Organizational justice and men’s likelihood to sexually harass: The moderating role of sexism and personality. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94(2), 501–510. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013391.

Krosnick, J. A., Presser, S., Fealing, K. H., Ruggles, S., and Vannette, D. L. (2015). The future of survey research: Challenges and opportunities. The National Science Foundation Advisory Committee for the Social, Behavioral and Economic Sciences Subcommittee on Advancing SBE Survey Research. http://www.nsf.gov/sbe/AC_Materials/The_Future_of_Survey_Research.pdf.

Kuo, M. (2017). Geophysics society hopes to define sexual harassment as scientific misconduct. Science. Available at http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2017/04/geophysics-society-hopes-define-sexual-harassment-scientific-misconduct.

Langhout, R. D., Bergman, M. E., Cortina, L. M., Fitzgerald, L. F., Drasgow, F., and Williams, J. H. (2005). Sexual harassment severity: Assessing situational and personal determinants and outcomes. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 35, 975–1007.

Lapierre, L. M., Spector, P. E., and Leck, J. D. (2005). Sexual versus nonsexual workplace aggression and victims’ overall job satisfaction: A meta-analysis. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 10(2), 155-69. doi:10.1037/1076-8998.10.2.155.

Laschinger, H. K. S., Leiter, M. P., Day, A., Oore, D. G., and MacKinnon, S. P. (2012). Building empowering work environments that foster civility and organizational trust: Testing an intervention. Nursing Research, 61(5), 316-325. doi: 10.1097/NNR.0b013e318265a58d.

Lawton, A. (2004). Operating in an empirical vacuum: The Ellerth and Faragher affirmative defense. Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, 13, 197.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×

Lee, V. E., Croninger, R. G., Linn, E., and Chen, X. (1996). The culture of sexual harassment in secondary schools. American Educational Research Journal, 33(2), 383–417.

Leiter, M. P., Laschinger, H. K. S., Day, A., and Oore, D. G. (2011). The impact of civility interventions on employee social behavior, distress, and attitudes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 96(6), 1258–1274. doi:10.1037/a0024442.

Lenhart, S. (1996). Physical and Mental Health Aspects of Sexual Harassment. In D. K. Shrier (Ed.), Clinical practice series, No. 38. Sexual harassment in the workplace and academia: Psychiatric issues, pp. 21-38. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association.

Lenhart, S. A., Klein, F., Falcao, P., Phelan, E., and Smith, K. (1991). Gender bias against and sexual harassment of AMWA members in Massachusetts. Journal of the American Medical Women’s Association, 46(4), 121–125.

Leskinen, E. A., and Cortina, L. M. (2014). Dimensions of disrespect: Mapping and measuring gender harassment in organizations. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 38(1), 107–123.

Leskinen, E. A., Cortina, L. M., and Kabat, D. B. (2011). Gender harassment: Broadening our understanding of sex-based harassment at work. Law and Human Behavior, 35(1), 25–39. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10979-010-9241-5.

Leskinen, E. A., Rabelo, V. C., and Cortina, L. M. (2015). Gender stereotyping and harassment: A “catch-22” for women in the workplace. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 21(2), 192.

Lilienfeld, S. O. (2017). Microagressions: Strong claims, inadequate evidence. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691616659391.

Lim, S., and Cortina, L. M. (2005). Interpersonal mistreatment in the workplace: the interface and impact of general incivility and sexual harassment. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(3), 483–496. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.90.3.483.

Lonsway, K. A., Paynich, R., and Hall, J. N. (2013). Sexual harassment in law enforcement: incidence, impact, and perception. Police Quarterly, 16(2), 177–210.

Maass, A., Cadinu, M., and Galdi, S. (2013). Sexual harassment: Motivations and consequences. The Sage Handbook of Gender and Psychology, 341–358.

Maass, A., Cadinu, M., Guarnieri, G., and Grasselli, A. (2003). Sexual harassment under social identity threat: The computer harassment paradigm. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(5), 853–870. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.85.5.853.

Macaulay, S. (1963) Non-contractual relations in business: A preliminary study. American Sociological Review, 28(1), 55–67.

MacKinnon, C. A. (1979). Sexual harassment of working women: A case of sex discrimination. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.

Magley, V. J. (2002). Coping with sexual harassment: Reconceptualizing women’s resistance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83, 930–946.

Magley, V. J., Cortina, L. M., and Kath, L. (2005, August). Stress, withdrawal, and gender in the context of sexual harassment: A longitudinal analysis. In Annual Meeting of the American Psychological Association, Washington, DC.

Magley, V. J., Fitzgerald, L. F., Salisbury, J., Drasgow, and Zickar, M. J. (2013). Changing sexual harassment within organizations via training interventions: Suggestions and empirical data. The Fulfilling Workplace: The Organization’s Role in Achieving Individual and Organizational Health, 225–246.

Magley, V. J., Hulin, C. L., Fitzgerald, L. F., and DeNardo, M. (1999). Outcomes of self-labeling sexual harassment. Journal of Applied Psychology. American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.84.3.390.

Magley, V. J., and Shupe, E. I. (2005). Self-labeling sexual harassment. Sex Roles, 53(3–4), 173–189. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-005-5677-3.

Magley, V. J., Waldo, C. R., Drasgow, F., and Fitzgerald, L. F. (1999). The impact of sexual harassment on military personnel: Is it the same for men and women? Military Psychology, 11(3), 283–302.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×

Malcom, S., Rayman, P., Wong, J., Chen, J., and Denoon, V. (2017). STEM Equity Achievement (SEA) Change Awards: White Paper.

Mangan, K. (2017). What’s required of a professor who learns of a student’s rape? One university seeks a nuanced answer. Chronicle for Higher Education. Available at http://www.chronicle.com/article/What-s-Required-of-a/240173 (May).

Margittai, K. J., Moscarello, R., and Rossi, M. F. (1996). Forensic aspects of medical student abuse: A Canadian perspective. Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online, 24(3), 377–385.

Marshall, A. M. (2005). Idle rights: Employees’ rights consciousness and the construction of sexual harassment policies. Law & Society Review, 39(1), 83–124.

Marshall, M. H., Goff-Crews, K. M., Smiley, L. H., and Waxman, S. P. (2011). Report to the President and Fellows of Yale University of the Advisory Committee on Campus Climate. https://provost.yale.edu/sites/default/files/files/Report_Advisory_Committee_Campus_Climate_Sept2011.pdf.

Martin, J., and Meyerson, D. (1988). Women and Power: Conformity, Resistance, and Disorganized Coaction. In R. M. Kramer (ed.), Power and influence in organizations, pp. 311−348. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Martindale, M. (1990). Sexual Harassment in the Military: 1988. Defense Manpower Data Center.

McGinley, M., Richman, J. A., and Rospenda, K. M. (2011). Duration of sexual harassment and generalized harassment in the workplace over ten years: Effects on deleterious drinking outcomes. Journal of Addictive Diseases, 30(3), 229–242.

McGlynn, C., Westmarland, N., and Godden, N. (2012). “I just wanted him to hear me”: Sexual violence and the possibilities of restorative justice. Journal of Law and Society, 39(2), 213–240.

McNamara, R. M., Whitley, T. W., Sanders, A. B., and Andrew, L. B. (1995). The extent and effects of abuse and harassment of emergency medicine residents. Academic Emergency Medicine, 2(4), 293–301.

Meyer, I. H., and Wilson, P. A. (2009). Sampling lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 56(1), 23.

Miller, R. E., ansd Sarat, A. (1980). Grievances, claims, and disputes: Assessing the adversary culture. Law and Society Review, 15, 525–566.

Miner-Rubino, K., and Cortina, L. M. (2007). Beyond targets: Consequences of vicarious exposure to misogyny at work. Journal of Applied Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.92.5.1254.

Miner-Rubino, K., and Cortina, L. M. (2004). Working in a context of hostility toward women: Implications for employees’ well-being. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8998.9.2.107.

Morrow, P. C., McElroy, J. C., and Phillips, C. M. (1994). Sexual harassment behaviors and work related perceptions and attitudes. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 45(3), 295–309.

Moss-Racusin, C. A., Dovidio, J. F., Brescoll, V. L., Graham, M. J., and Handelsman, J. (2012). Science faculty’s subtle gender biases favor male students. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109(41), 16474–16479.

Moyer, R. S., and Nath, A. (1998). Some effects of brief training interventions on perceptions of sexual harassment. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 28(4), 333–356.

Munson, L. J., Hulin, C., and Drasgow, F. (2000). Longitudinal analysis of dispositional influences and sexual harassment: Effects on job and psychological outcomes. Personnel Psychology, 53(1), 21–46.

Munson, L. J., Miner, A. G., and Hulin, C. (2001). Labeling sexual harassment in the military: An extension and replication. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(2), 293.

Murphy, J. D., Driscoll, D. M., and Kelly, J. R. (1999). Differences in the nonverbal behavior of men who vary in the likelihood to sexually harass. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 14(1), 113–128.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×

Murrell, A. (1996). Sexual harassment and women of color: Issues, challenges, and future directions. In M .S. Stockdale (ed.), Women and work: A research and policy series, Vol. 5. Sexual harassment in the workplace: Perspectives, frontiers, and response strategies, pp. 51−66. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (2017). Fostering integrity in research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/21896.

National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and Institute of Medicine. (2007). Beyond bias and barriers: Fulfilling the potential of women in academic science and engineering. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.

National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and Institute of Medicine. (1992). Responsible science, Volume I: Ensuring the integrity of the research process. Washington, DC: National Academy Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/1864.

NCSES. (National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics) (2017). Women, minorities, and persons with disabilities in science and engineering: 2017. NSF 17-310. Arlington, VA: National Science Foundation. www.nsf.gov/statistics/wmpd/.

NCSES (2004). Women, Minorities, and Persons with Disabilities in Science and Engineering: 2004. NSF 04-317. Arlington, VA: National Science Foundation. https://wayback.archive-it.org/5902/20160210154117/http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/wmpd/archives/wmpd_2004.zip.

Nelson, R. G., Rutherford, J. N., Hinde, K., and Clancy, K. B. H. (2017). Signaling safety: Characterizing fieldwork experiences and their implications for career trajectories. American Anthropologist, 0(0), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1111/aman.12929.

Newton-Small, J. (2017). What happens when women reach a critical mass of influence. Time Magazine. http://time.com/5016735/when-women-reach-a-critical-mass-of-influence/.

Nishii, L. H. (2013). The benefits of climate for inclusion for gender-diverse groups. Academy of Management Journal 56(6), 1754–1774.

Noe, R. A., and Schmitt, N. (1986). The influence of trainee attitudes on training effectiveness: Test of a model. Personnel psychology, 39(3), 497–523.

Nora, L. M. (1996). Sexual harassment in medical education: a review of the literature with comments from the law. Academic Medicine, 71(1), S113–8.

Nora, L. M., McLaughlin, M. A., Fosson, S. E., Stratton, T. D., Murphy-Spencer, A., Fincher, R. M. E., German, D.C., Seiden, D., and Witzke, D. B. (2002). Gender discrimination and sexual harassment in medical education: Perspectives gained by a 14-school study. Academic Medicine, 77(12, Part 1), 1226–1234.

NSF (National Science Foundation). (2018). A Review of Sexual Harassment Misconduct in Science. http://docs.house.gov/meetings/SY/SY15/20180227/106873/HHRG-115-SY15-Wstate-DavisR-20180227.pdf.

NSF. (2017). Women, Minorities, and Persons with Disabilities in Science and Engineering.

NSF. (2016a). Press statement 16-002: The National Science Foundation (NSF) will not tolerate harassment at grantee institutions. https://www.nsf.gov/news/news_summ.jsp?cntn_id=137466.

NSF. (2016b). Science and Engineering Indicators 2016. National Science Board, 897. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejoc.201200111.

NSF. (2002). Closeout Memorandum: I89110010. https://www.nsf.gov/oig/case-closeout/I89110010.pdf.

O’Connell, C. E., and Korabik, K. (2000). Sexual harassment: The relationship of personal vulnerability, work context, perpetrator status, and type of harassment to outcomes. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 56(3), 299–329.

Offermann, L. R., and Malamut, A. B. (2002). When leaders harass: The impact of target perceptions of organizational leadership and climate on harassment reporting and outcomes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(5), 885.

Office of the President. (2014). Not Alone – The First Report of the White House Task Force to Protect Students From Sexual Assault. https://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/whitehouse.gov/files/images/Documents/1.4.17.VAW%20Event.TF%20Report.PDF.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×

Orchowski, L. M., Untied, A. S., and Gidycz, C. A. (2013). Social reactions to disclosure of sexual victimization and adjustment among survivors of sexual assault. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 28(10), 2005–2023.

Osatuke, K., Moore, S. C., Ward, C., Dyrenforth, S. R., and Belton, L. (2009). Civility, Respect, Engagement in the Workforce (CREW): Nationwide organization development intervention at Veterans Health Administration. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 45(3), 384–410. doi:10.1177/0021886309335067.

Østergaard, C. R., Timmermans, B., and Kristinsson, K. (2011). Does a different view create something new? The effect of employee diversity on innovation. Research Policy, 40(3), 500–509.

OSTP (Office of Science and Technology Policy), Executive Office of the President (2000). Federal policy on research misconduct. Federal Register 65, 76260–76264.

Ostroff C., Kinicki A. J., and Muhammad R. S. (2012). Organizational culture and climate. In Schmitt N. W., Highhouse S. (eds.) Handbook of Psychology, Industrial and Organizational Psychology, pp. 643–676 2nd edition Vol. 12. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley and Sons.

Ovseiko, P. V., Chapple, A., Edmunds, L. D., and Ziebland, S. (2017). Advancing gender equality through the Athena SWAN Charter for Women in Science: An exploratory study of women’s and men’s perceptions. Health Research Policy and Systems, 15, 12. http://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-017-0177-9.

Pappas, B. A. (2016a). Out from the shadows: Title IX, university ombuds, and the reporting of campus sexual misconduct. Denver University Law Review, 94(1), 71.

Pappas, B. A. (2016b). Dear Colleague: Title IX coordinators and inconsistent compliance with the laws governing campus sexual misconduct. Tulsa Law Review, 52(121). https://doi.org/10.3366/ajicl.2011.0005.

Parker, K. H. B. (2008). Ambient harassment under Title VII: Reconsidering the workplace environment. Northwestern University Law Review, 102, 946–985.

Parker, S. K., and Griffin, M. A. (2002). What is so bad about a little name-calling? Negative consequences of gender harassment for overperformance demands and distress. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 7(3), 195.

Patel, J. K., Griggs, T., and Miller, C. C. (DEC. 28, 2017). We asked 615 men about how they conduct themselves at work. New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/12/28/upshot/sexual-harassment-survey-600-men.html?hp&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&clickSource=image&module=photo-spot-region&region=top-news&WT.nav=top-news.

Perry, E. L., Schmidtke, J. M., and Kulik, C. T. (1998). Propensity to sexually harass: An exploration of gender differences. Sex Roles, 38(5-6), 443–460.

Peter-Hagene, L. C., and Ullman, S. E. (2014). Social reactions to sexual assault disclosure and problem drinking: Mediating effects of perceived control and PTSD. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 29(8), 1418–1437.

Phillips, S. P., and Schneider, M. S. (1993). Sexual harassment of female doctors by patients. New England Journal of Medicine, 329(26), 1936–1939.

Piotrkowski, C. S. (1998). Gender harassment, job satisfaction, and distress among employed white and minority women. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 3(1), 33.

Price, A. R. (1994). Definitions and boundaries of research misconduct: Perspectives from a federal government viewpoint. Journal of Higher Education, 65(3), 286–297.

Pryor, J. B. (1987). Sexual harassment proclivities in men. Sex Roles, 17(5–6), 269–290. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00288453.

Pryor, J. B., Giedd, J. L., and Williams, K. B. (1995). A social psychological model for predicting sexual harassment. Journal of Social Issues, 51(1), 69–84. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.1995.tb01309.x.

Pryor, J. B., LaVite, C. M., and Stoller, L. M. (1993). A social psychological analysis of sexual harassment: The person/situation interaction. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 42, 68–83.

Pryor, J. B., and Stoller, L. M. (1994). Sexual cognition processes in men high in the likelihood to sexually harass. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 20(2), 163–169.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×

Quick, J. C., and McFadyen, M. A. (2017). Sexual harassment: Have we made any progress? Journal of Occupational Health Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000054.

Rabelo, V. C., and Cortina, L. M. (2014). Two sides of the same coin: Gender harassment and heterosexist harassment in LGBQ work lives. Law and Human Behavior, 38(4): 378–391.

Ragins, B. R., and Scandura, T. A. (1995). Antecedents and work-related correlates of sexual harassment: An empirical investigation of competing hypotheses. Sex Roles, 32: 429–456.

RAND National Defense Research Institute. (2016). Sexual Assault and Sexual Harassment in the U.S. Military: Volume 2. Estimates for Department of Defense Service Members from the 2014 RAND Military Workplace Study (Vol. 2). Available at http://sapr.mil/public/docs/reports/FY14_POTUS/FY14_DoD_Report_to_POTUS_Annex_1_RAND.pdf.

Raver, J. L., and Gelfand, M. J. (2005). Beyond the individual victim: Linking sexual harassment, team processes, and team performance. Academy of Management Journal, 48(3), 387–400.

Reilly, M. E., Lott, B., and Gallogly, S. M. (1986). Sexual harassment of university students. Sex Roles, 15(7), 333–358.

Richman, J. A., Rospenda, K. M., Nawyn, S. J., Flaherty, J. A., Fendrich, M., Drum, M. L., and Johnson, T. P. (1999). Sexual harassment and generalized workplace abuse among university employees: Prevalence and mental health correlates. American Journal of Public Health, 89(3), 358–363.

Richman, J. A., Shinsako, S. A., Rospenda, K. M., Flaherty, J. A., and Freels, S. (2002). Workplace harassment/abuse and alcohol-related outcomes: The mediating role of psychological distress. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 63(4), 412–419.

Richman-Hirsch, W. L., and Glomb, T. M. (2002). Are Men Affected by the Sexual Harassment of Women? Effects of Ambient Sexual Harassment on Men. In J. M. Brett and F. Drasgow (eds.), The Psychology of Work: Theoretically Based Empirical Research. pp. 121–141. New York: Taylor & Francis Group.

Roehling, M., and Huang, J. (2018). Sexual harassment training effectiveness: An interdisciplinary review and call for research. Journal of Organizational Behavior.

Rose, D. (2018). Citizenship by degree: Higher education policy and the changing gender dynamics of American citizenship. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.

Rosenthal, M. N., Smidt, A. M., and Freyd, J. J. (2016). Still second class: Sexual harassment of graduate students. Psychology of Women Quarterly. https://doi.org/10.1177/0361684316644838.

Rospenda, K. M., Fujishiro, K., Shannon, C. A., and Richman, J. A. (2008). Workplace harassment, stress, and drinking behavior over time: Gender differences in a national sample. Addictive Behaviors, 33(7), 964–967.

Rospenda, K. M., Richman, J. A., and Nawyn, S. J. (1998). Doing power: The confluence of gender, race, and class in contrapower sexual harassment. Gender & Society, 12(1), 40–60.

RTI (Research Triangle Institute International). (2018). Qualitative Study of Sexual Harassment in Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine.

Rubin, G. S. (1984). Thinking Sex: Notes for a Radical Theory of the Politics of Sexuality. In C. S. Vance (ed.), Pleasure and Danger: Exploring Female Sexuality. Boston: Routledge & K. Paul.

Rudman, L. A., and Borgida, E. (1995). The afterglow of construct accessibility: The behavioral consequences of priming men to view women as sexual objects. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 31(6), 493–517. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1006/jesp.1995.1022.

Saguy, A. C. (2003). What is sexual harassment?: From Capitol Hill to the Sorbonne. Berkeley and Los Angeles, CA: University of California Press.

Schachman, H. K. (1993). What is misconduct in science? Science, 261(5118), 148-149. doi: 10.1126/science.8305005.

Schein, E. H. (2010). Organizational culture and leadership (Vol. 2). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

Schneider, B., Ehrhart, M. G., and Macey, W. H. (2013). Organizational climate and culture. Annual Review of Psychology, 64, 361–388.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×

Schneider, K. T., Pryor, J. B., and Fitzgerald, L. F. (2011). Sexual Harassment Research in the United States. In S. Einarsen, H. Hoel, D. Zapf, and C. L. Cooper (eds.), Bullying and Harassment in the Workplace pp. 245−266 2nd edition. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.

Schneider, K. T., Swan, S., and Fitzgerald, L. F. (1997). Job-related and psychological effects of sexual harassment in the workplace: Empirical evidence from two organizations. Journal of Applied Psychology, 82(3), 401–415. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.82.3.401.

Schneider, K. T., Tomaka, J., and Palacios, R. (2001). Women’s cognitive, affective, and physiological reactions to a male coworker’s sexist behavior. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 31(10), 1995–2018. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2001.tb00161.x.

Schultz, V. (2003). The sanitized workplace. The Yale Law Journal, 112(8), 2061. Available at https://www.yalelawjournal.org/article/the-sanitized-workplace.

Schultz, V. (1998). Reconceptualizing sexual harassment. Yale Law Journal, 107(6), 1683–1805. https://doi.org/10.2307/797337.

Scott, J. W. (2015, April 15). The new thought police: Why are campus administrators invoking civility to silence critical speech? Available at https://www.thenation.com/article/new-thought-police/.

Sekreta, E. (2006). Sexual Harassment, Misconduct, and the Atmosphere of the Laboratory: The Legal and Professional Challenges Faced by Women Physical Science Researchers at Educational Institutions, 1. https://doi.org/10.1525/sp.2007.54.1.23.

Sepler, F. (2017). Beyond the Whisper Net: Policy, Logistics, and Strategies to Curtail Harassment_2. Retrieved from osf.io/v2g7m.

Settles, I. H., Cortina, L. M., Buchanan, N. T., and Miner, K. N. (2013). Derogation, discrimination, and (dis)satisfaction with jobs in science. Psychology of Women Quarterly. https://doi.org/10.1177/0361684312468727.

Settles, I. H., Cortina, L. M., Malley, J., and Stewart, A. J. (2006). The climate for women in academic science: The good, the bad, and the changeable. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 30(1), 47–58. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.2006.00261.x.

Sevo, R., and Chubin, D. E. (2008). Bias Literacy: A Review of Concepts in Research on Discrimination. http://wiseli.engr.wisc.edu/bias/BiasLiteracy_SevoChubin2008.pdf.

Shaffer, M. A., Joplin, J. R., Bell, M. P., Lau, T., and Oguz, C. (2000). Gender discrimination and job-related outcomes: A cross-cultural comparison of working women in the United States and China. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 57(3), 395–427.

Sharp, G., and Kremer, E. (2006). The safety dance: Confronting harassment, intimidation, and violence in the field. Sociological Methodology, 36(1), 317–327.

Sheltzer, J. M., and Smith, J. C. (2014). Elite male faculty in the life sciences employ fewer women. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111(28), 10107–10112. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1403334111.

Shupe, E. I., Cortina, L. M., Ramos, A., Fitzgerald, L. F., and Salisbury, J. (2002). The incidence and outcomes of sexual harassment among Hispanic and non-Hispanic white women: A comparison across levels of cultural affiliation. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 26(4), 298–308.

Siebler, F., Sabelus, S., and Bohner, G. (2008). A refined computer harassment paradigm: Validation, and test of hypotheses about target characteristics. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 32(1), 22–35. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.2007.00404.x.

Siegelman, P., and Donohue III, J. J. (1990). Studying the iceberg from its tip: A comparison of published and unpublished employment discrimination cases. Law and Society Review, 1133–1170.

Silverschanz, P., Cortina, L. M., Konik, J., and Magley, V. J. (2008). Slurs, snubs, and queer jokes: Incidence and impact of heterosexist harassment in academia. Sex Roles. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-007-9329-.

Simpson, J. A., and Gangestad, S. W. (1992). Sociosexuality and romantic partner choice. Journal of Personality, 60(1), 31–51.

Sims, C. S., Drasgow, F., and Fitzgerald, L. F. (2005). The effects of sexual harassment on turnover in the military: time-dependent modeling. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(6), 1141.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×

Sitzmann, T., Brown, K. G., Casper, W. J., Ely, K., and Zimmerman, R. D. (2008). A review and meta-analysis of the nomological network of trainee reactions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(2),

Smith, C. P., and Freyd, J. J. (2014). Institutional Betrayal. American Psychologist, 69(6), 575–587.

Smith, E. R., Ferree, M. M., and Miller, F. D. (1975). A short scale of attitudes toward feminism. Representative Research in Social Psychology, 6(1), 51−56.

Sofaer, S. (1999). Qualitative methods: what are they and why use them? Health Services Research, 34(5 Pt 2), 1101.

Sojo, V. E., Wood, R. E., and Genat, A. E. (2016). Harmful workplace experiences and women’s occupational well-being: A meta-analysis. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 40(1), 10–40.

Stamarski, C. S., and Son Hing, L. S. (2015). Gender inequalities in the workplace: the effects of organizational structures, processes, practices, and decision makers’ sexism. Frontiers in Psychology, 6, 1400.

Stangor, C., Sechrist, G. B., and Jost, J. T. (2001). Changing racial beliefs by providing consensus information. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27(4), 486–496.

Stewart, A. J., La Vaque-Manty, D., and Malley, J. E. (2004). Recruiting female faculty members in science and engineering: Preliminary evaluation of one intervention model. Journal of Women and Minorities in Science and Engineering, 10(4), 361–375.

Stewart, A. J., Malley, J. E., and LaVaque-Manty, D. (2007). Analyzing the Problem of Women in Science and Engineering: Why Do We Need Institutional Transformation? In J. A. Stewart, J. E. Malley, and D. LaVaque-Manty (eds.). Transforming science and engineering: Advancing academic women. University of Michigan Press.

Stratton, T. D., McLaughlin, M. A., Witte, F. M., Fosson, S. E., and Nora, L. M. (2005). Does students’ exposure to gender discrimination and sexual harassment in medical school affect specialty choice and residency program selection? Academic Medicine, 80(4), 400–408.

Sue, D. W., Capodilupo, C. M., Torino, G. C., Bucceri, J. M., Holder, A. M. B., Nadal, K. L., and Esquilin, M. (2007). Racial microaggressions in everyday life: Implications for clinical practice. American Psychologist, 62(4), 271–286. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.62.4.271.

Swartout, K. (2018). University of Texas Climate Survey. Report on the University of Texas System Campus Climate Survey. P. A. Johnson, S. E. Widnakk, and F. F. Benya (eds.) In Sexual harassment of women: Climate, culture, and consequences in academic sciences, engineering and medicine pp. xxx−xxx . Washington, DC: The National Academies Press

Swim, J. K., Mallett, R., and Stangor, C. (2004). Understanding subtle sexism: Detection and use of sexist language. Sex Roles, 51(3–4), 117–128. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:SERS.0000037757.73192.06.

Symonds, M. R. E., Gemmell, N. J., Braisher, T. L., Gorringe, K. L., and Elgar, M. A. (2006). Gender differences in publication output: Towards an unbiased metric of research performance. PLoS ONE 1(1), e127. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0000127.

Taylor, P. J., Russ-Eft, D. F., and Chan, D. W. L. (2005). A meta-analytic review of behavior modeling training. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(4), 692–709.

Taylor, S. L., Dy, S., Foy, R., Hempel, S., McDonald, K. M., Ovretveit, J., Pronovost, P. J., Rubenstein, L. V., Wachter, R. M., and Shekelle, P. G. (2011). What context features might be important determinants of the effectiveness of patient safety practice interventions? BMJ Quality & Safety, 20(7), 611–617.

Thacker, R. A., and Ferris, G. R. (1991). Understanding sexual harassment in the workplace: The influence of power and politics within the dyadic interaction of harasser and target. Human Resource Management Review, 1(1), 23–37.

Timmerman, G., and Bajema, C. (2000). The impact of organizational culture on perceptions and experiences of sexual harassment. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 57(2), 188–205.

Tinkler, J., Gremillion, S., and Arthurs, K. (2015). Perceptions of legitimacy: The sex of the legal messenger and reactions to sexual harassment training. Law & Social Inquiry, 40(1), 152–174.

Tippett, E. C. (2017). Harassment trainings. Forthcoming in Berkeley Journal of Employment and Labor Law, 39.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×

Trice, H. M., and Beyer, J. M. (1993). The cultures of work organizations. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc.

Unger, R., and Crawford, M. (1996). Women and gender: A feminist psychology, 2nd edition. New York: McGraw Hill.

University of Michigan (2015). Results of 2015 University of Michigan Campus Climate Survey on Sexual Misconduct. Available at https://publicaffairs.vpcomm.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/19/2015/04/Complete-survey-results.pdf.

Unsworth, K., and Parker, S. K. (2003). Proactivity and innovation: Promoting a new workforce for the new workplace. In The New Workplace: A Guide to the Human Impact of Modern Working Practices, D. Holman, T.D. Wall, C.W. Clegg, P. Sparrow, A. Howard (eds.). Chichester, England: John Wiley & Sons.

U.S. Department of Defense (1995). Status of the Armed Forces Survey: 1995 Form B-Gender Issues (Survey No. 95-001b). Arlington, VA: Defense Manpower Data Center

U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratories. National User Facilities at Brookhaven Lab, 631, 344–345. https://www.bnl.gov/bnlweb/pubaf/fact_sheet/pdf/FS_UserFacilities.pdf.

U.S. Department of State and U.S. Agency for International Development (2012). United States Strategy to Prevent and Respond to Gender-based Violence Globally.https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/2155/GBV_Factsheet.pdf.

USED (U.S. Department of Education). (2017). Q&A on campus sexual misconduct. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education. https://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ocr/docs/qa-title-ix-201709.pdf.

USED. Office for Civil Rights, Dear Colleague Letter, September 22, 2017. https://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ocr/letters/colleague-title-ix-201709.pdf; https://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ocr/docs/qa-title-ix-201709.pdf.

USED. (2015). Title IX and sex discrimination. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education. https://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ocr/docs/tix_dis.html.

USED. (2014). Questions and answers on Title IX and sexual violence. Office of Civil Rights. Archived Information: https://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ocr/docs/qa-201404-title-ix.pdf.

USED. (2011). Ensuring equal access to high-quality education. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education. https://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ocr/docs/ensure03.pdf.

USED. (2008). Sexual harassment: It’s not academic. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education. https://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ocr/docs/shguide.pdf.

USED. (2007). Balancing student privacy and school safety: A guide to the family educational rights and privacy act for colleges and universities. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education. https://www2.ed.gov/policy/gen/guid/fpco/brochures/postsec.html.

USED. (2001). Revised sexual harassment guidance: harassment of students by school employees, other students, or third parties. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education. https://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ocr/docs/shguide.pdf.

USEEOC (U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission). (1990). Policy Guidance on Employer Liability under Title VII for Sexual Favoritism. Available at https://www.eeoc.gov//policy/docs/sexualfavor.html.

USEEOC. (1980). Guidelines on discrimination because of sex. C.F.R. Title 29 Subtitle B, Chapter XIV Part 1604, Section 1604.

USEEOC. n.d.a. Facts About Sexual Harassment. Available at https://www.eeoc.gov/eeoc/publications/fs-sex.cfm.

USEEOC. n.d.b. Harassment. Available at https://www.eeoc.gov/laws/types/harassment.cfm.

USMSPB (U.S. Merit Systems Protection Board). (2018). Update on Sexual Harassment in the Federal Workplace. https://www.mspb.gov/MSPBSEARCH/viewdocs.aspx?docnumber=1500639&version=1506232&application=ACROBAT.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×

USMSPB. (1995). Sexual Harassment in the Federal Workplace: Trends, Progress, and Continuing Challenges.https://www.mspb.gov/MSPBSEARCH/viewdocs.aspx?docnumber=253661&version=253948&application=ACROBAT.

USMSPB. (1988). Sexual Harassment in the Federal Government: An Update.https://www.mspb.gov/MSPBSEARCH/viewdocs.aspx?docnumber=253661&version=253948&application=ACROBAT.

Valian, V. (1999). Why so slow?: The advancement of women. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Van Knippenberg, D., Haslam, S. A., and Platow, M. J. (2007). Unity through diversity: value-in-diversity beliefs, work group diversity, and group identification. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice, 11(3), 207−222.

Van Knippenberg, D., and van Ginkel, W. P. (2010). The categorization-elaboration model of work group diversity: wielding the double-edged sword. In R. J. Crisp (ed.), Social issues and interventions. The psychology of social and cultural diversity pp. 257−280). Chichester, England: Wiley-Blackwell.

Van Knippenberg, D., van Ginkel, W. P., and Homan, A. C. (2013). Diversity mindsets and the performance of diverse teams. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 121(2), 183−193.

van Veelen, R., Otten, S., and Hansen, N. (2014). Enhancing majority members’ pro-diversity beliefs in small teams: The facilitating effect of self-anchoring. Experimental Psychology, 61(1), 3.

Vogt, D. S., Pless, A. P., King, L. A., and King, D. W. (2005). Deployment stressors, gender, and mental health outcomes among Gulf War I veterans. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 18(2), 115–127.

Vukovich, C. M. (1996). The prevalence of sexual harassment among female family practice residents in the United States. Violence and Victims, 11(2), 175–180. Available at https://insights.ovid.com/violence-victims/vlvt/1996/11/020/prevalence-sexual-harassment-among-female-family/6/00002364.

Walsh, B. M., Bauerle, T. J., and Magley, V. J. (2013). Individual and contextual inhibitors of sexual harassment training motivation. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 24(2), 215–237.

Walsh, B. M., Magley, V. J., Reeves, D. W., Davies-Schrils, K. A., Marmet, M. D., and Gallus, J. A. (2012). Assessing workgroup norms for civility: The development of the Civility Norms Questionnaire-Brief. Journal of Business and Psychology, 27(4), 407–420. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-011-9251-4.

Wanous, J. P., Reichers, A. E., and Austin, J. T. (2000). Cynicism about organizational change: Measurement, antecedents and correlates. Group and Organization Management, 25, 132–153.

Wasti, S. A., Bergman, M. E., Glomb, T. M., and Drasgow, F. (2000). Test of the cross-cultural generalizability of a model of sexual harassment. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85(5), 766.

Wasti, S. A., and Cortina, L. M. (2002). Coping in context: Sociocultural determinants of responses to sexual harassment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83(2), 394.

Weiss, K. G., and Lasky, N. V. (2017). Mandatory reporting of sexual misconduct at college: A critical perspective. Journal of School Violence, 16(3)259−270.

Welsh, S., Carr, J., MacQuarrie, B., and Huntley, A. (2006). “I’m not thinking of it as sexual harassment”: Understanding harassment across race and citizenship. Gender and Society, 20(1), 87–107.

WHO (World Health Organization) (2001). Putting Women First: Ethical and Safety Recommendations for Research on Domestic Violence Against Women.

Williams, J. (2008). What Psychologists Need to Know about Family Responsibilities Discrimination. In Marcus-Newhall, A., Halpern, D. F., Tan, S. J. (eds.), The Changing Realities of Work and Family: A Multidisciplinary Approach pp. 255−276). West Sussex, England: Blackwell.

Williams, J. (2000). Unbending gender: Why family and work conflict and what to do about it. New York: Oxford University Press.

Williams, J. C., and Bornstein, S. (2008). The evolution of “FReD”: Family responsibilities discrimination and developments in the law of stereotyping and implicit bias. Hastings Law Journal, 59, 1311–1358.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×

Williams, J. C., Phillips, K. W., and Hall, E. V. (2014). Double Jeopardy? Gender Bias Against Women of color in Science. Tools for Change: Boosting the Retention of Women in the STEM Pipeline. https://doi.org/10.1038/nm1105-1132.

Williams, J. H., Fitzgerald, L. F., and Drasgow, F. (1999). The effects of organizational practices on sexual harassment and individual outcomes in the military. Military Psychology, 11(3), 303–328. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327876mp1103_6

Willness, C. R., Steel, P., and Lee, K. (2007). A meta-analysis of the antecedents and consequences of workplace sexual harassment. Personnel Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.17446570.2007.00067.x.

Winn, Z. (2017). How colleges should respond to sexual assault reports. Campus Safety. Available at https://www.campussafetymagazine.com/clery/how_colleges_should_respond_sexual_assault_reports_title_ix/.

Wislar, J. S., Richman, J. A., Fendrich, M., and Flaherty, J. A. (2002). Sexual harassment, generalized workplace abuse and drinking outcomes: The role of personality vulnerability. Journal of Drug Issues, 32(4), 1071–1088.

Witze, A. (2016). How should science funders deal with sexual harassers? Nature. Available at https://www.nature.com/news/how-should-science-funders-deal-with-sexual-harassers-1.19328.

Wolf, T. M., Randall, H. M., Almen, K. V., and Tynes, L. L. (1991). Perceived mistreatment and attitude change by graduating medical students: a retrospective study. Medical Education, 25(3), 182–190.

Wood, L., Sulley, C., Kammer-Kerwick, M., Follingstad, D., and Busch-Armendariz, N. (2017). Climate surveys: An inventory of understanding sexual assault and other crimes of interpersonal violence at institutions of higher education. Violence Against Women. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077801216657897.

Woods, K. C., Buchanan, N. T., and Settles, I. H. (2009). Sexual harassment across the color line: Experiences and outcomes of cross-versus intraracial sexual harassment among black women. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 15(1), 67–76. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013541.

Woodzicka, J. A., and LaFrance, M. (2005). The effects of subtle sexual harassment on women’s performance in a job interview. Sex Roles, 53(1–2), 67–77. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-005-4279-4.

Woodzicka, J. A., and LaFrance, M. (2001). Real versus imagined gender harassment. Journal of Social Issues, 57(1), 15–30.

Xie, Y., and Shauman, K. A. (1998). Sex differences in research productivity: New evidence about an old puzzle. American Sociological Review, 847–870.

Yeager, D. S., Krosnick, J., and Javitz, H. (2009). More on Problems with Opt-In Internet Surveys. Available at http://blogs.abcnews.com/thenumbers/2009/09/guest-blog-more-on-the-problems-with-optin-internet-surveys.html.

York, K. M., Barclay, L. A., and Zajack, A. B. (1997). Preventing sexual harassment: The effect of multiple training methods. Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, 10(4), 277–289.

Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×
Page 189
Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×
Page 190
Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×
Page 191
Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×
Page 192
Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×
Page 193
Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×
Page 194
Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×
Page 195
Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×
Page 196
Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×
Page 197
Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×
Page 198
Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×
Page 199
Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×
Page 200
Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×
Page 201
Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×
Page 202
Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×
Page 203
Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×
Page 204
Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×
Page 205
Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×
Page 206
Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×
Page 207
Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×
Page 208
Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×
Page 209
Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24994.
×
Page 210
Next: Appendix A: Committee Biographical Information »
Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Get This Book
×
Buy Paperback | $55.00 Buy Ebook | $44.99
MyNAP members save 10% online.
Login or Register to save!
Download Free PDF

Over the last few decades, research, activity, and funding has been devoted to improving the recruitment, retention, and advancement of women in the fields of science, engineering, and medicine. In recent years the diversity of those participating in these fields, particularly the participation of women, has improved and there are significantly more women entering careers and studying science, engineering, and medicine than ever before. However, as women increasingly enter these fields they face biases and barriers and it is not surprising that sexual harassment is one of these barriers.

Over thirty years the incidence of sexual harassment in different industries has held steady, yet now more women are in the workforce and in academia, and in the fields of science, engineering, and medicine (as students and faculty) and so more women are experiencing sexual harassment as they work and learn. Over the last several years, revelations of the sexual harassment experienced by women in the workplace and in academic settings have raised urgent questions about the specific impact of this discriminatory behavior on women and the extent to which it is limiting their careers.

Sexual Harassment of Women explores the influence of sexual harassment in academia on the career advancement of women in the scientific, technical, and medical workforce. This report reviews the research on the extent to which women in the fields of science, engineering, and medicine are victimized by sexual harassment and examines the existing information on the extent to which sexual harassment in academia negatively impacts the recruitment, retention, and advancement of women pursuing scientific, engineering, technical, and medical careers. It also identifies and analyzes the policies, strategies and practices that have been the most successful in preventing and addressing sexual harassment in these settings.

  1. ×

    Welcome to OpenBook!

    You're looking at OpenBook, NAP.edu's online reading room since 1999. Based on feedback from you, our users, we've made some improvements that make it easier than ever to read thousands of publications on our website.

    Do you want to take a quick tour of the OpenBook's features?

    No Thanks Take a Tour »
  2. ×

    Show this book's table of contents, where you can jump to any chapter by name.

    « Back Next »
  3. ×

    ...or use these buttons to go back to the previous chapter or skip to the next one.

    « Back Next »
  4. ×

    Jump up to the previous page or down to the next one. Also, you can type in a page number and press Enter to go directly to that page in the book.

    « Back Next »
  5. ×

    Switch between the Original Pages, where you can read the report as it appeared in print, and Text Pages for the web version, where you can highlight and search the text.

    « Back Next »
  6. ×

    To search the entire text of this book, type in your search term here and press Enter.

    « Back Next »
  7. ×

    Share a link to this book page on your preferred social network or via email.

    « Back Next »
  8. ×

    View our suggested citation for this chapter.

    « Back Next »
  9. ×

    Ready to take your reading offline? Click here to buy this book in print or download it as a free PDF, if available.

    « Back Next »
Stay Connected!