Estimating the Safety Effects of Work Zone Characteristics and Countermeasures: A Guidebook (2018)

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66 Estimating the Safety Effects of Work Zone Characteristics and Countermeasures: A Guidebook 19. Walker, V., and J. Upchurch. Effective Countermeasures to Reduce Accidents in Work Zones. FHWA-AZ99-467. Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 1999. 20. VHB. Low Cost Treatments for Horizontal Curve Safety. FHWA-SA-07-002. FHWA, Washington, DC, 2006. 21. Srinivasan, R., J. Baek, and F. M. Council. Safety Evaluation of Transverse Rumble Strips on Approaches to Stop-Controlled Intersections in Rural Areas. Presented at the 89th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC, 2010. 22. Elvik, R., and T. Vaa. Handbook of Road Safety Measures. Elsevier, Oxford, UK, 2004. 23. Tarko, A., M. Islam, and J. E. Thomaz. Improving Safety in High-Speed Work Zones: A Super 70 Study. Publication FHWA/IN/JTRP-2011/09. Joint Transportation Research Program, Indiana Department of Transportation and Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 2011. 24. Strathman, J., K. Duecker, J. Zang, and T. Williams. Analysis of Design Attributes and Crashes on Oregon Highway System. Report FHWA-OR-RD-02-01. FHWA, Washington, DC, 2001. 25. Harkey, D. L., R. Srinivasan, J. Baek, F. M. Council. K. Eccles, N. Lefler, F. Gross, B. Persaud, C. Lyon, E. Hauer, and J. A. Bonneson. NCHRP Report 617: Accident Modification Factors for Traffic Engineering and ITS Improvements. Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, DC, 2008. 26. Harwood, D. W., M. T. Pietrucha, M. D. Wooldridge, R. E. Brydia, and K. Fitzpatrick. NCHRP Report 375: Median Intersection Design. TRB, National Research Council, Washington, DC, 1995. 27. Zegeer, C. V., J. Hummer, D. Reinfurt, L. Herf, and W. Hunter. Safety Effects of Cross Section Design for Two-Lane Roads—Volumes I and II. Report No. FHWA-RD-87-008. FHWA, Washington, DC, 1987. 28. American Association of State Highway Transportation Officials. A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets. Washington, DC, 2011. 29. Glennon, J., T. Newman, and J. Leisch. Safety and Operational Considerations for Design of Rural Highway Curves. Report No. FHWA/RD-86-035. FHWA, Washington, DC, 1985. 30. Zegeer, C. V., J. Stewart, F. M. Council, and D. Reinfurt. Cost-Effective Geometric Improvements for Safety Upgrading of Horizontal Curves. Report No. FHWA-RD-90- 021. FHWA, Washington, DC, 1991. 31. Fitzpatrick, K., D. Lord, and B. J. Park. Horizontal Curve Accident Modification Factor with Consideration of Driveway Density on Rural, Four-Lane Highways in Texas. Compendium of Papers from the 88th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC, 2009. 32. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. Highway Safety Manual 2014 Supplement. Washington, DC, 2014. 33. Harwood, D. W., F. M. Council, E. Hauer, W. E. Hughes, and A. Vogt. Prediction of the Expected Safety Performance of Rural Two-Lane Highways. FHWA-RD-99-207. FHWA, Washington, DC, 2000. 34. Haleem, K. and M. Abdel-Aty. The Group Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator “GLASSO” Technique: Application in Variable Selection and Crash Prediction at Unsignalized Intersections. Presented at the 90th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC, 2011. 35. Chen, L., C. Chen, R. Srinivasan, C. E. McKnight, R. Ewing, and M. Roe. Evaluating the Safety Effects of Bicycle Lanes in New York City. American Journal of Public Health, Vol. 102, No. 6, 2012. 36. Persaud, B., C. Lyon, K. Eccles, N. Lefler, D. Carter, and R. Amjadi. Safety Evaluation of Installing Center Two-Way Left-Turn Lanes on Two-Lane Roads. Report No. FHWA-HRT-08-042. FHWA, Washington, DC, 2007. 37. Bham, G. H., S. Long, H. Baik, T. Ryan, L. Gentry, K. Lall, M. Arezoumandi, D. Liu, T. Li, and B. Schaeffer. Evaluation of Variable Speed Limits on I-270/I-255 in St. Louis. RI08-025. Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, 2010. 38. Rodegerdts, L. A., B. Nevers, and B. Robinson. Signalized Intersections: Informational Guide. FHWA- HRT-04-091. FHWA, Washington, DC, 2004. 39. Federal Highway Administration. Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices for Streets and Highways. Washington, DC, 2012. 40. Dudek, C. L., S. H. Richards, and J. L. Buffington. Some Effects of Traffic Control on Four-Lane Divided Highways. In Transportation Research Record 1086, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, DC, 1986, pp. 20-30. 41. Graham, J. L., K. R. Richard, M. K. O’Laughlin, and D. W. Harwood. Safety Evaluation of the Safety Edge Treatment. Report No. FHWA-HRT-11-024. FHWA, Washington, DC, 2011. 42. Donnell, E. T., V. Karwa, and S. Sathyanarayanan. A Methodology to Explore the Relationship between Pave- ment Marking Retroreflectivity and Traffic Crash Frequency on Highways in North Carolina: Application of Artificial Neural Networks and the Generalized Estimating Equations. Compendium of Papers from the 88th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC, 2009.

References 67 43. Smadi, O., R. R. Souleyrette, D. J. Ormand, and N. Hawkins. An Analysis of the Safety Effectiveness of Pavement Marking Retroreflectivity. Compendium of Papers from the 87th Annual Meeting of the Trans- portation Board, Washington, DC, 2008. 44. Lorscheider, A. R., and K. K. Dixon. The Effectiveness of Switching Lane Alignment in Work Zones. Com- pendium of Technical Papers from the 65th Annual Meeting of the Institute of Transportation Engineers, Denver, CO, 1995. 45. See, C. F., S. D. Schrock, and K. McClure. Crash Analysis of Work Zone Lane Closures with Left-Hand Merge and Downstream Lane Shift. Compendium of Papers from the 88th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC, 2009. 46. Park, E. S., J. Park, T. J. Lomax. A Fully Bayesian Multivariate Approach to Before–After Safety Evaluation. Accident Analysis & Prevention, Vol. 42, No. 4, 2010, pp. 1118-1127. 47. Parker, M. R. Jr. Effects of Raising and Lowering Speed Limits on Selected Roadway Sections. FHWA- RD-92-084. FHWA, Washington, DC, 1997. 48. Richards, S., R. Wunderlich, C. Dudek, and R. Brackett. Improvements and New Concepts for Traffic Control in Work Zones. Vol. 4—Speed Control in Work Zones. Project Report No. FHWA-RD-85-037. FHWA, Washington, DC, 1985. 49. Benekohal, R., P. Resende, and R. Orloski. Effects of Police Presence on Speed in a Highway Work Zone: Circulating Marked Police Car Experiment. Project Report No. FHWA/IL/UI-240. University of Illinois, Champaign, IL, 1992. 50. Sisiopiku, V., and H. Patel. Study of the Impact of Police Enforcement on Motorists’ Speeds. In Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 1693, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, DC, 1999, pp. 31-36. 51. Shaw, J. W., M. V. Chitturi, W. Bremer, and D. A. Noyce. NCHRP Synthesis of Highway Practice 482: Work Zone Speed Management. Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC, 2015. 52. Governor’s Highway Safety Association. Work Zone Traffic Laws. http://www.ghsa.org/html/stateinfo/laws/ workzone_laws.html. Accessed September 13, 2016. 53. Ullman, G. L., P. J. Carlson, N. D. Trout, and J. A. Parham. Work Zone Related Traffic Legislation: A Review of National Practices and Effectiveness. Report 1720-1. Texas Transportation Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 1997. 54. Jones, B., A. Griffith, and K. Haas. Effectiveness of Double Fines as a Speed Control Measure in Safety Corridors. Report FHWA-OR-DF-01-10. Oregon DOT, Salem, OR, 2002. 55. Rhodes, N., K. Pivik, and M. Sutton. Risky Driving among Young Male Drivers: The Effects of Mood and Passengers. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, Vol. 28, 2015, pp. 65-76. 56. Insightrix. Highway Hotline Usage and an Effectiveness Study for Government of Saskatchewan. Ministry of Highways & Transportation, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, 2013. 57. Elvik, R., T. Vaa, A. Erke, and M. Sorensen. The Handbook of Road Safety Measures. Emerald Group Publishing, Bingley, UK, 2009. 58. Tengs, T. O., M. E. Adams, J. S. Pliskin, D. G. Safran, J. E. Siegel, M. C. Weinstein, and J. D. Graham. Five-Hundred Life-Saving Interventions and their Cost-Effectiveness. Risk Analysis, 15(3), 1995, pp. 369-390. 59. Vahidnia, F., and J. Walsh. Cost-Effectiveness of Traffic Safety Interventions in the United States. Safe Transpor- tation Research & Education Center, Berkeley, CA, 2002. 60. Work Zone Safety and Mobility. 23 Code of Federal Regulations Part 630 Subpart J. U. S. Government Publishing Office, Washington, DC, 2004. 61. Scriba, T., P. Sankar, and K. Jeannotte. Implementing the Rule on Work Zone Safety and Mobility. Report No. FHWA-HOP-05-065. FHWA, Washington, DC, 2005. 62. Winer, A., Y. Zhu, and S. Paulson. Carmageddon or Carmaheaven? Air Quality Results of a Freeway Closure. ACCESS Magazine, Vol. 1, No. 44, 2014. 63. Choi, K., E. B. Lee, C. W. Ibbs, and Y. W. Kim. Multifaceted Public Outreach and Cost–Benefit Analysis for its Effectiveness Validation. Construction Management and Economics, Vol. 27, No. 8, 2009, pp. 771-782. 64. Sinha, K. C., B. G. McCullouch, D. M. Bullock, S. Konduri, J. D. Fricker, and S. Labi. Evaluation of INDOT Hyperfix Project for the Reconstruction of I-65/70 in Downtown Indianapolis. Report No. FHFWA/IN/ JTRP-2004/2. Joint Transportation Research Program, Indiana Department of Transportation and Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 2004. 65. Mohan, S., and W. C. Zech. Characteristics of Worker Accidents on NYSDOT Construction Projects. Journal of Safety Research, Vol. 36., No. 4, 2005, pp. 353-360. 66. Clark, J. B., and M. D. Fontaine. Exploration of Work Zone Crash Causes and Implications for Safety Per- formance Measurement Programs. In Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 2485. Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC, 2015, pp. 61-69.

68 Estimating the Safety Effects of Work Zone Characteristics and Countermeasures: A Guidebook 67. Traffic Control Devices. 23 Code of Federal Regulations Part 630 Subpart K. U.S. Government Publishing Office, Washington, DC, 2007. 68. Roadway Safety Consortium. Guidelines on Work Zone Access and Egress. Online document. Accessed September 2016. https://www.workzonesafety.org/files/documents/training/courses_programs/rsa_program/ RSP_Guidance_Documents_Download/RSP_Access_Egress_Download.pdf. 69. Mathes, J. A. Integrated Risk Management for Improving Internal Traffic Control, Work Zone Safety, and Mobility during Major Construction. MS thesis, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 2012. 70. El-Rayes, K., L. Liu, N. El-Gohary, and A. Abdelmohsen. Effect of Flaggers and Spotters in Directing Work Zone Traffic for Illinois Expressways and Freeways. Report No. FHWA-ICT-14-001. University of Illinois, Champaign, IL, 2014.

Abbreviations and acronyms used without definitions in TRB publications: A4A Airlines for America AAAE American Association of Airport Executives AASHO American Association of State Highway Officials AASHTO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials ACI–NA Airports Council International–North America ACRP Airport Cooperative Research Program ADA Americans with Disabilities Act APTA American Public Transportation Association ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials ATA American Trucking Associations CTAA Community Transportation Association of America CTBSSP Commercial Truck and Bus Safety Synthesis Program DHS Department of Homeland Security DOE Department of Energy EPA Environmental Protection Agency FAA Federal Aviation Administration FAST Fixing America’s Surface Transportation Act (2015) FHWA Federal Highway Administration FMCSA Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration FRA Federal Railroad Administration FTA Federal Transit Administration HMCRP Hazardous Materials Cooperative Research Program IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers ISTEA Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 ITE Institute of Transportation Engineers MAP-21 Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (2012) NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration NASAO National Association of State Aviation Officials NCFRP National Cooperative Freight Research Program NCHRP National Cooperative Highway Research Program NHTSA National Highway Traffic Safety Administration NTSB National Transportation Safety Board PHMSA Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration RITA Research and Innovative Technology Administration SAE Society of Automotive Engineers SAFETEA-LU Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users (2005) TCRP Transit Cooperative Research Program TDC Transit Development Corporation TEA-21 Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century (1998) TRB Transportation Research Board TSA Transportation Security Administration U.S.DOT United States Department of Transportation

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