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29 Access and Functional Needs This term is broaden than the definition of disability and may include temporary disabilities and issues associated with aging and with young children. FEMA defines it as âthose actions, services, accommodations, and programmatic, architectural, and communication modifications that a covered entity must undertake or provide to afford individuals with disabilities a full and equal opportunity to use and enjoy programs, ser- vices, activities, goods, facilities, privileges, advantages, and accommodations in the most integrated setting, in light of the exigent circumstances of the emergency and the legal obligation to undertake advance planning and prepare to meet the disability-related needs of individuals who have disabilities as defined by the ADA Amendments Act of 2008, P.L. 110-325, and those associated with them.â Accessibility Refers to the design of products, devices, services, or environ- ments for people who experience disabilities or access and functional needs. After action review A review, usually internal, conducted after response and recovery from an incident are complete for the purpose of evaluating performance and fine-tuning plans and proce- dures for future incidents. Air operations area Any area of the airport used or intended to be used for the landing, takeoff, or surface maneuvering of aircraft. Airport contingency plan A comprehensive plan for dealing with all hazards reasonably expected to affect a given airport, required for all non-U.S. international airports by ICAO Annex 14. Its U.S. equivalent is called an airport emergency plan. Airport emergency plan A comprehensive plan for dealing with all hazards reasonably expected to affect a given airport, required for all Part 139 airports and recommended for all other U.S. airports. Its international equivalent is called an airport contingency plan. Biennial exercise A full-scale exercise required by ICAO of all non-U.S. inter- national airports every two years in order to maintain their certification. Glossary
30 Incorporating ADA and Functional Needs in Emergency Exercises Disability A physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities, a person who has a history or record of such an impairment, or a person who is perceived by others as having such an impairment. Disability Advisory Committee Group, usually formal, made up of members of DAFN community and possibly airport departmental representa- tives and other airport stakeholders to advise the airport on issues of emergency management, customer service, and community interaction. Drill A coordinated, supervised activity usually to test a single specific operation or function of a single agency. Emergency Any occasion or instance that warrants action to save lives and protect property, public health, and safety. Emergency management The coordination and integration of all activities necessary to build, sustain, and improve the capabilities to prepare for, respond to, recover from, or mitigate against threatened or actual disasters or emergencies, regardless of cause. Emergency working group Emergency response group consisting of the airlines and usually the emergency managers and first responders at an airport for the purpose of assisting an airline experiencing an emergency at the airport. Exercise A planned, staged implementation of the critical incident plan to evaluate processes that work and identify those needing improvement. Full-scale exercise The most complex and resource-intensive type of exercise. It involves multiple agencies, organizations, and jurisdictions and validates many facets of preparedness. Functional exercise An exercise that is designed to validate and evaluate capa- bilities, multiple functions, and/or sub-functions, or inter- dependent groups of functions. Hub A very busy commercial service airport. Incident An occurrence or event, natural or manmade, that requires a response to protect life or property. Large hub airport An airport with at least 1% of U.S. passenger enplanements. Medium hub airport An airport with between 0.25% and 1% of U.S. passenger enplanements. Mobility Ability to move or be moved freely and easily. Non-hub primary airport An airport that enplanes less than 0.05% of all U.S. pas- senger enplanements but has more than 10,000 annual enplanements. Part 139 Airport FAA regulation 14 CFR Part 139 established certifica- tion requirements of U.S. airports serving scheduled and unscheduled air carrier aircraft designed for more than
Glossary 31 30 passenger seats and airports serving scheduled air carrier operations in aircraft with more than 9 seats but fewer than 31 seats. Public address system An electronic amplification system. Reduced mobility Refers to a person with permanently or temporarily impaired mobility requiring assistance to access means of travel or other life functions. Seminar (exercise) A discussion-based exercise to orient participants or pro- vide an overview of authorities, strategies, plans, policies, procedures, protocols, resources, concepts, and ideas. Small hub airport An airport with between 0.05% and 0.25% of U.S. passenger enplanements. Tabletop exercise An activity that involves key personnel discussing simulated scenarios in an informal setting. Triennial exercise A full-scale exercise required by the FAA of all U.S. passenger service (Part 139) airports every 3 years in order to maintain their certification. Visual paging system A visual messaging system that typically duplicates messaging of a public address system. Workshop (exercise) A discussion-based exercise similar to a seminar except that participant interaction is increased, and the focus is placed on achieving or building a product.
